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2 Outline of Presentation Harmonized Research and Development Agenda in the Philippines ( ) The Philippine Swine and Poultry Industry The Swine and Poultry Diseases in the Philippines Diagnostic Capabilities of Philippine Government Laboratories Philippine Research Agencies The Swine and Poultry Researches

3 Harmonized Research and Development Agenda ( ) Department of Science and Technology (DOST) in consultation with government and private research and development institutions, the academe, the industry and other concerned agencies To ensure that the results of S&T endeavors are geared towards and are utilized in areas of maximum economic and social benefit for the people. To provide central direction, leadership and coordination of the scientific and technological efforts of the country To increase country s potential growth by building the foundation for a globally competitive knowledge economy where accelerated technology adoptation and stimulated innovation are envisioned to achieve.

4 Harmonized National R&D Agenda ( ) R&D Priority Areas and Programs National Integrated Basic Research Agenda (NIBRA) Health Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources (AANR) Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation (DRR-CAA) Water Security Food and Nutrition Security Health Sufficiency Clean Energy Sustainable Communities Inclusive Nation-building Drug Discovery and Development Diagnostics Functional Foods Biomedical devices Information and communication tech Molecular technologies Climate Change Adaptation Nutrition and Food Safety Agriculture Crops Livestock Fisheries and Aquaculture Forestry Natural Resources and Environment Technology transfer Socio economics Food and Nutrition Security Countryside Development Competitive Industries Delivery of Special Services Intelligent Transportation Solutions Renewable Energy and Energy Storage Solutions Human Security Observation and Monitoring Networks Tech Development Modelling and Simulation Hazards, Vulnerability, and Risk Assessment Warning and Risk Communication Policy Research

5 Harmonized National R&D Agenda ( ) R&D Priority Areas and Programs Animal Improvement Feeding and Nutrition Conservation and improvement of native animals Vaccine technologies Biologics and diagnostics Detection of drug and chemical residues Antimicrobial resistance Product development

6 Philippine Swine and Poultry Industry

7 Status of hog, broiler and egg sectors in the Philippines Most developed Import dependence is only 4%-6% and volume had substantially increased over the years. There is a major reliance on the importation of feed ingredients (soya, feed wheat, and corn) Also, reliance on imported feed additives, probiotics, antibiotics, enzymes, vaccines and even drugs. Use of growth promotants (mixing two types of bacteria) and deodorizing agents (converted manure into fertilizer and soil conditioner) are established practices. Artificial Insemination is a long-established practice in swine farms.

8 Philippine Swine July 1, the total swine population stood at higher in heads. Stocks in smallhold farms increased by 1.78%. Stocks in commercial farms grew by 0.68% About 64.0% of the total stocks were raised in backyard farms and the rest were in commercial farms.

9 Philippine Statistics Authority Top 6 Regions with highest swine inventory A. Total Swine Inventory B. Backyard Swine Inventory C. Commercial Swine Inventory Central Luzon (III) CaLaBaRZon (IV-A) Western Visayas (VI) Central Visayas (VII) Northern Mindanao (X) Davao Region (XI) Western Visayas (VI) Central Visayas (VII) Bicol Region (V) Davao Region (XI) Northern Mindanao (X) Central Luzon (III) Central Luzon (III) CaLaBaRZon (IV-A) Northern Mindanao (X) SOCCSKSARGEN (XII) Central Visayas (VII) Western Visayas (VI)

10 Comparison of Hog Production among Asian countries PARAMETER Unit Philippines Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Vietnam S M L S M L S M L I NI S M L Pig sold/sow/year head Feed conversion ratio kg Average daily gain g <500 < Farrowing rate % NA NA NA NA NA Mortality % Litter size at birth Head <10 10 > Carcass Recovery % Cost at Farm/kg $ Source: UAP, SIKAP/Strive 2010

The Philippine Poultry Industry The most progressive Philippine animal enterprise Fastest producers of meat in the

the Philippines From: DOST Poultry Information Network Types of Poultry Farming in the Philippines: Breeder Farms Broiler

Farming Others (Quail, Geese, Ostrich, etc.) Major poultry farming in the country is broiler and layer chickens and ducks.

11 The Philippine Poultry Industry The most progressive Philippine animal enterprise Fastest producers of meat in the Philippines Significant contributor to country s agricultural sectors One of the major source of protein (egg and meat) in the Philippines From: DOST Poultry Information Network Types of Poultry Farming in the Philippines: Breeder Farms Broiler Chicken Farming Layer Chicken Farming Free-range Chicken Farming Organic Chicken Farming Duck Egg Farming Fighting Cock Farming Others (Quail, Geese, Ostrich, etc.) Major poultry farming in the country is broiler and layer chickens and ducks. Broiler Farming Layer Farming Duck Farming From : Rizal From Provincial : Department From Office : Department of Agriculture of Agriculture

As of July 2016, the total chicken inventory was estimated at 174.54 million birds. 0.

12 As of July 2016, the total chicken inventory was estimated at million birds % lower than that of the previous year (2015) Broiler and improved native industry declines 2.19% and 3.04%, respectively On the bright side, layer chicken inventory increases by 8.55% From: Philippine Statistics Authority

Choropleth of Broiler (A), Layer (B) and Native (C) inventory in the Philippines Chicken raising production schemes are concentrated: Broiler Chicken Region

13 Choropleth of Broiler (A), Layer (B) and Native (C) inventory in the Philippines Chicken raising production schemes are concentrated: Broiler Chicken Region III (Central Luzon) Layer Chicken Region IV (Southern Tagalog) Native Chicken Region VII (Central Visayas) From: Domingo et al. (2015), Bureau of Animal Industry

As of July 2016, the total chicken inventory was estimated at 10.95 million birds. 2.85 % higher than that of the previous year (2015) 70.

14 As of July 2016, the total chicken inventory was estimated at million birds % higher than that of the previous year (2015) % of duck population were raised in backyards % were commercially raised From: Philippine Statistics Authority

15 Philippine Swine and Poultry Diseases

16 List of Livestock and Poultry Diseases in the Philippines Swine Diseases Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (APP) Classical Swine Fever (Hog Cholera) Leptospirosis Porcine Circovirus 2-associated Diseases Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED) Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) Atrophic Rhinitis Swine Erysipelas Swine Influenza Swine Salmonellosis Transmissible Gastroenteritis (TGE) Enzootic Pneumonia Clostridium sp. Infection/Botulism Lawsoniarelated diseases (Porcine Intestinal Adematosis, Hemorrhagic Enteritis, Ileitis) Avian Diseases Coccidiosis Encephalomyelitis Infectious Bronchitis Avian Malaria Mycoplasmosis Viral Enteritis Salmonellosis Chicken Anemia Egg Drop Syndrome Fowl Pox Infectious Bursal Disease (Gumboro Disease) Infectious Coryza Infectious Laryngotracheitis Marek s Disease Newcastle Disease Pullorum Disease Swollen Head Syndrome Lymphoid Leukosis Chronic Respiratory Disease Pigeon Paramyxo Viral Infection/Pigeon Pox

17 Status of Poultry Diseases in the Philippines NEWCASTLE DISEASE (ND) The country recently experienced ND outbreak ND related mortalities started November 2015 Peak of infection Last week of Dec 2015 First week of Jan2016 At least 40 provinces were affected about a million birds in mortality Philippine and Australian experts confirmed it was Class II Newcastle Dss An FAO-assisted investigation started to rule out Avian Influenza *Bureau of Animal Industry

18 109,255 Newcastle disease mortalities had been reported in Region I Number of affected municipalities Ilocos Norte and Sur : 14 each La Union: 17 Pangasinan: 20 * GulfNews.com 41,000 cases has been reported in Region III (mostly fighting cocks and native chicken) *CNN Philippines ND of was never been reported in Central Visayas and Visayas region ND of was never been reported in Mindanao

19 Diagnostic Capability and Research Agencies

20 Diagnostic Capability of Philippine Gov t Laboratories Philippine Animal Health Center State Universities and Private Universities Research Institute for Tropical Medicine 13 Regional Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratories (RADDL) Local Government Unit (LGU) Laboratories Bulacan Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory Negros Occidental Provincial Veterinary Office Puerto Prinsesa City City Veterinary Office For Avian Influenza RADDL II, III, VI, IX, X, and XII E. L. Lopez (2015). Bureau of Animal Industry

21 Regional Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratories (RADDLs) Tests Offered (Poultry): Agar Gel Precipitation Test Infectious Bursal Disease (Gumboro) Avian Reovirus Hemagglutination- Hemagglutination Inhibition (HA-HI) Test Newcastle Disease Avian Influenza Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Avian Influenza Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Avian Influenza Tests Offered (Swine): Bacterial Isolation Haemophilus parasuis (Glasser s Disease) Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome (PRRS) Pseudo rabies Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Hog Cholera Swine Flu PRRS Department of Agriculture -Bureau of Animal Industry

22 Regional Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratories (RADDLs) Other Tests Offered: Pathology Gross Pathology/Necropsy Hematology Virology Rabies (Direct Microscopic Exam and Fluorescent Antibody Test) Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (ELISA) Bacteriology Antibiotic Sensitivity Test Bacterial and Fungal Identification and Isolation Water Coliform Test Parasitology Blood Parasite Examination Direct Fecal Smear Skin Scrapping Department of Agriculture -Bureau of Animal Industry

endeavours: Food Safety Meat and processed meat-borne pathogens Meat Adulteration Antimicrobial resistance and zoonotic diseases

23 Philippine Government Research Agencies Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI) Researches include: Animal Genetic Improvement Disease Surveillance, Control and Eradication Eradication and Regulation over feeds and drug National Meat Inspection Services (NMIS) Research endeavours: Food Safety Meat and processed meat-borne pathogens Meat Adulteration Antimicrobial resistance and zoonotic diseases Nanotech-based test for antibiotic and toxin residues Biosensors in testing meat freshness Philippine Carabao Center. Livestock Biotechnology Roadmap

Philippine Government Research Agencies National Dairy Authority (NDA)

Insemination Disease Surveillance, Control and Eradication on dairy

Researches include: Reproductive Technologies in enhancing

Water Buffalo and other ruminants Disease Detection Kit Development

24 Philippine Government Research Agencies National Dairy Authority (NDA) Researches include: Cattle Genetic Improvement through Artificial Insemination Disease Surveillance, Control and Eradication on dairy animals Dairy Product Development Philippine Carabao Center (PCC) Researches include: Reproductive Technologies in enhancing productivity of water buffaloes Genetic Improvement of water buffaloes Water Buffalo and other ruminants Disease Detection Kit Development Water Buffalo Product Development Philippine Carabao Center. Livestock Biotechnology Roadmap

Philippine Government Research Agencies Department of Science and Technology Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (DOST-PCCARD) Research agenda

25 Philippine Government Research Agencies Department of Science and Technology Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (DOST-PCCARD) Research agenda for Livestock includes: Breed development and genetic improvement of priority livestock species Reproductive biotechnologies for priority livestock species Nutrition technologies Conservation of native animals Vaccine, Biologics, and Diagnostic Developments Detection of chemical residues and anti-microbial resistance Production and management decision support systems Product development and processing

Importance Tuberculosis AIDS Dengue and Arboviruses Enteric Diseases Malaria Rabies

26 Philippine Government Research Agencies Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM) Research includes: Tropical and Infectious Disease of Public Health Importance Tuberculosis AIDS Dengue and Arboviruses Enteric Diseases Malaria Rabies Schistosomiasis Leprosy and Dermatological Diseases Other Emerging Human and Zoonotic Diseases

Philippine Native Animal Development (PNAD) Program Swine

Philippine Native Pigs in Maranduque, Bondoc Peninsula,

(Colloborative Researches of PCCARD, BAI, State

Meat and Skin from Black Tiaong Strain of Native Pig

Philippine Native Animal Development (PNAD) as In Vivo

27 Philippine Native Animal Development (PNAD) Program Swine Conservation, Improvement and Profitable Utilization of Philippine Native Pigs in Maranduque, Bondoc Peninsula, Benguet, Kalinga, Nueva Viscaya and Isabela (Colloborative Researches of PCCARD, BAI, State Universities) Improvement of Processing Technologies for Meat and Skin from Black Tiaong Strain of Native Pig Cresencio, R. O. (2015). Philippine Native Animal Development (PNAD) as In Vivo Genetic Animal Conservation Bureau of Animal Industry BAI-Tiaong Black Pigs Bureau of Animal Industry Kalinga Native Pigs

28 Philippine Native Animal Development (PNAD) Program Poultry Phenotypic & Molecular Characterization of Different Groups of Native Chickens in The Philippines (UPLB Animal & Dairy Science Clusters) Khaki / Brown Mallard Duck Camarines Breed Bolinao Breed Labuyo Breed Boholano Breed Pateros / Black Mallard Duck Paraoakan Breed Darag Breed Development of Sustainable Breeder Philippine Mallard Production System (PCCARD & BAI) Cresencio, R. O. (2015). Philippine Native Animal Development (PNAD) as In Vivo Genetic Animal Conservation Joloano Breed Banaba Breed Phillipine Mallard Duck

Swine Genomics Project Private-Public Partnership in the Application of Animal Genomics to Increase Productivity and Improve Efficiency of the Philippine

Marker-Assisted-Selection (MAS) is the process of using DNA evaluation results to assists in the selection of individuals that would be parents of the

, 2002) BAX Scrotal Hernia (Gatphayak et al., 2007) B. Disease Resistance Gene Associated with FUT1 Resistance to E. coli F18 (Bao et al.

29 Swine Genomics Project Private-Public Partnership in the Application of Animal Genomics to Increase Productivity and Improve Efficiency of the Philippine Swine Industry Development and application of genetic markers in selecting disease resistance genes and screening of genetic defects of swine Marker-Assisted-Selection (MAS) is the process of using DNA evaluation results to assists in the selection of individuals that would be parents of the next generation. A. Genetic Defects Gene Genetic Defect HAL Porcine Stress Syndrome (Xu et al., 1998) RN Acid Meat Condition (Meadus et al., 2002) BAX Scrotal Hernia (Gatphayak et al., 2007) B. Disease Resistance Gene Associated with FUT1 Resistance to E. coli F18 (Bao et al., 2011) PCAARRD MX1 BPI NRAMP1 Resistance against influenza virus (Morozumi et al., 2001) Resistance against Salmonella (Yuan et al., 2011) Immune function and production performance (Vidal et al., 1996)

SWINE RESPIRATORY PROJECT Improved investigation, diagnosis and technical support for the control of respiratory diseases of pigs in the Philippines and Australia (AH/2009/02) Implementing Agencies:

31 SWINE RESPIRATORY PROJECT Improved investigation, diagnosis and technical support for the control of respiratory diseases of pigs in the Philippines and Australia (AH/2009/02) Implementing Agencies: Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI) Regional Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory of DA RFU 3 (RADDL-RFU 3) Central Luzon State University (CLSU) Funded by: Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) PCCARD The study includes: Lung Scoring Study and Syndromic Surveillance Development of Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) tests for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) and Haemophilus parasuis (Glasser s disease) Serotyping of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP)

The Swine Respiratory Project Team (from left to right): At the back, Dr. Edwin Villar, National Coordinator and Director, LRD-PCAARRD; Dr. Jose Eduardo David, Project Veterinarian; Ms.

32 The Swine Respiratory Project Team (from left to right): At the back, Dr. Edwin Villar, National Coordinator and Director, LRD-PCAARRD; Dr. Jose Eduardo David, Project Veterinarian; Ms.MaritesGealone, AHD-BAI; Ms. Helen Valerie Corales, Project Communication Officer; Dr.Suzanneth Lola, Project Veterinary Pathologist; Dr. Lilia Retes, PAHC-BAI, Dr. Milagros Mananggit RADDL-DARFU 3; Dr. Rachel Azul, Lead Researcher for Laboratory Disease Diagnosis at PAHC-BAI; Dr. Eduardo Lapuz, Lead Researcher for Field Surveillance and Diagnosis at RADDL 3; Mr.Ronilo De Castro, LRD-PCAARRD; Dr, Jose Molina, Private veterinary consultant and panel member for the review; (front) Dr. Lily Ann Lando, Director, ACD-PCAARRD and panel member; Dr. Clarissa Domingo, Lead Researcher for LAMP and Assistant Professor, CVSM-CLSU; Dr. Veronica Matawaran, Professor, CVM-UPLB and panel member; Dr. Karen Rose Dazo, Overall Project Leader and Chief, AHD-BAI.

Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) method was used to

34 CLSU Researchers developed a diagnostic kit to detect Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) Loop mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) method was used to test 320 samples in Bulacan and Batangas province, Philippines

This research is part of a big program research funded by PCAARRD entitled Development of Sustainable Production System for the Darag Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Western Visayas The study

36 This research is part of a big program research funded by PCAARRD entitled Development of Sustainable Production System for the Darag Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Western Visayas The study determined the efficacy of ipilipil seeds, betel nut and combination as ethnobotanical dewormers Efficacy of ipil-ipil seeds and betel nuts are comparable to commercial dewormers but combination is more effective than commercially available dewormers Ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) Betel Nut (Arecha catechu)

37 THANK YOU!!!

Campylobacter work at the UK Veterinary Laboratories Agency

Campylobacter work at the UK Veterinary Laboratories Agency Monique Toszeghy CRL Workshop for Campylobacter SVA, Uppsala, Sweden 24 th October 2006 History of VLA 1894 - a forerunner to the Central Veterinary