Directions: Review the sound vocabulary words. In the pre column place a 2, 1, or 0 2 = expert 1 = heard of it 0 = do not know it

Transcription

1 Directions: Review the sound vocabulary words. In the pre column place a 2, 1, or 0 2 = expert 1 = heard of it 0 = do not know it pre Sound Vocabulary Absorption Amplitude Compression Crest Decibels Echo Energy Frequency Hertz Medium Noise pollution Pitch Rarefaction Reflection Sound Sound waves Trough Vibrations Volume Wavelength post

2 When sound goes into a surface. Absorption Amplitude Compression Crest The distance from rest to a crest or rest to a trough. The region where particles have been pushed together. The top, highest point of a wave. The regions of high air pressure in a sound wave. Decibels Unit used to measure sound intensity, or volume. Echo Reflection of a sound wave. Energy Frequency The ability to do work. The ability to change The number of waves passing a certain point in a unit of time. Intensity Hertz The amount of energy of a sound wave. The unit of a sound wave. The unit of measure of a sound wave. Medium The object through which sound travels.

3 Noise pollution The occurance of loud or unpleasant sounds in the environment. Pitch Rarefaction The highness or lowness of a sound. A region in a sound wave where there are less particles than normal. Molecules are stretched apart. Reflection Sound Trough The bouncing of a sound wave. A form of energy that you can hear that travels through matter as vibrations. The lowest part of a wave. Regions of lower air pressure. Vibrations Volume Wavelength Back-and-forth movements of sound. The loudness of a sound. How loud or soft a sound is. The distance from one crest of a wave to the next crest.

4 The Nature of Sound, Part 1 Read pages (stop at Measuring Sound Waves page F55) Be sure to correct all FALSE statements so they become true. Answer each question in complete sentences. 1. Compare and contrast MUSIC and NOISE. Use a VENN DIAGRAM to write your thoughts. 2. Sounds such as a melody of a song, crows at a baseball game, and the clatter of a jackhammer all have something called vibrations in common. Use the context clues on p. F54 to define vibrations. Back and forth movements of sound energy. 3. True or False. Air carries the vibrations to your eardrums and causes them to vibrate. TRUE 4. Use the context clues on p. F54 to define sound. Energy that you can hear which travels through matter (solid, liquid, and gas) as waves. 5. Sound seems very different from something like the sun, yet it is called a form of energy. Why is sound called a form of energy?

5 Energy is transferred. 6. Use the context clues on page F55 to define the following words: Compression: particles of a sound wave that are close together Rarefaction: particles of a sound wave that are spread out Sound Waves: a series of compressions and rarefactions that move outward from a source. 7. Sound waves can be represented as a more familiar up and down wave. Label the following parts of the wave: CREST, TROUGH, COMPRESSION, RAREFACTION, and AMPLITUDE. 8. Use the pictures on page F55. Using pictures and words, compare and contrast waves of a loud sound like a train and soft sounds like a whisper. Use the box-it method to complete this.

6 The Nature of Sound, Part 2 Read pages F55 F57 Be sure to correct all FALSE statements so they become true. Answer each question in complete sentences. 1. Use the context clues on page F55 to define the following words: Wavelength: the DISTANCE from one COMPRESSION to another Frequency: the number of COMPLETE WAVES in a unit of time (ex: waves per second) Amplitude: the DISTANCE from REST to CREST or REST to TROUGH 2. True or False High sounds produce a lot of waves each second. HIGH FREQUENCY 3. True or False Low sounds produce many wavelengths in each second. PRODUCE less waves per second LOW FREQUENCY 4. True or False Most sounds you hear are made of a single frequency and wave pattern. BASIC TONES & OVERTONES complex waves 5. A loud sound is represented by a sound wave with a LARGE amplitude. (large or small) 6. A soft sound is represented by a sound wave with a SMALL amplitude. (large or small) 7. True or False Most of the sound we hear is very complex and are made up of several waves that combine to form complex sounds.

7 8. Using words, explain what makes the sounds of different instruments unique? Provide an example of different sounds that instruments make. Use the Box-It to answer. 9. Use the context clues on page F56 to define timbre. The special sound a specific instrument makes (Ex: trumpet vs. a flute) 10. Using pictures show what kind of sound waves unpleasant sounds have? Use words to label your picture. Tell another name for unpleasant sounds. Use the Box-It to answer. 11. Use the pictures on the top of page F57 (and the waves underneath them). Use words to summarize the difference between the waves of pleasant soft sounds and the waves of noise. Use the Box-It to answer.

8 When Sound Travels and When it Doesn t Read pages F60-F61 Be sure to correct all FALSE statements so they become true. Answer each question in complete sentences. 1. True or False Sound waves travel much faster than light waves do. 2. Using feet per second, how fast do sound waves travel in air? 1,142 ft/sec 3. How much faster is the speed of light than the speed of sound in air? 900,000 times greater 4. True or False The speed of sound changes with the material that it moves through. TRUE Speedy sounds lab with the ziploc bags filled with air, water, and wood 5. Use the chart on page F61. Through what material does sound travel the fastest? Steel 6. Through which material does sound travel the slowest? COLD Air 7. What else besides the material affects the speed of sound? The temperature of material changes the speed of sound cold causes sound to slow

9 8. Using the chart, make a conclusion about the speed of sound in solids, liquids, and gases. SOLIDS Fastest Liquid Medium Gas Slowest 9. True or False Particles of matter move faster at lower temperatures than at higher temperatures. SLOWER 10. True or False Sound waves can travel only when there is matter to carry them. 11. True or False Sound waves are just like light waves, they both travel through a vacuum. SW - DO NOT TRAVEL THROUGH A VACUUM 12. Why can t you hear the sound of explosions on the sun. Sound cannot travel through a vacuum so the sound of the sun never makes it to Earth because it would have to travel through a vacuum first. 13. After lunch you put your head down on your desk to rest. You hear very loud footsteps that you hadn t noticed before. Why are the footsteps so loud now? You are better able to hear the footsteps because the sound faster through the solid.

10 Pitch Read pages F66-F68 Be sure to correct all FALSE statements so they become true. Answer each question in complete sentences. 1. What is the difference between the sound of a small child s voice and an adult s voice? Small child high pitch Adult low pitch 2. What do you think causes this difference? A small child s vocal cords are shorter/thinner than an adult s vocal cords 3. Use context clues on page F66 to define pitch. The highness or lowness of a sound 4. What is pitch related to? Pitch is related to the frequency of a sound wave. 5. Use the context clues on page F66 to define frequency of sound waves. Frequency is the number of waves in a unit of time. 6. Use words and pictures to compare and contrast high-pitched sounds and lowpitched sounds. High Pitch Low Pitch Show venn diagram from website

11 7. How do we measure the frequency of sound waves? The frequency of a sound wave is measured in unit called HERTZ, cycles per second. 8. Use the chart on page F66. Which animal can hear the highest frequency of sound? Dolphin Dog Which animal can hear the lowest frequency of sound? 9. Why do men usually find it easier to sing notes with lower pitches? Generally speaking men have longer, thicker vocal cords. Women have shorter, thinner vocal cords.

12 Turn up the Sound Read pages F76-F79 Be sure to correct all FALSE statements so they become true. Answer each question in complete sentences. 1. What sounds bother you? Construction, loud music 2. Which sounds do you think could damage your hearing? 3. Use the context clues on page F76 to define volume. How loud or soft a sound is, how intense a sound is. 4. Use the context clues on page F76 to define intensity. The amount of energy a sound wave has. 5. True or False A loud sound has a large amplitude. 6. Use the context clues on page F76 to define decibel. The unit used to measure sound intensity or volume. 7. Use the chart on page F77 to tell the difference between the intensity of normal conversation and whispers. Normal conversation 60 db Whispers 20 db 8. What sound on the chart could actually be loud enough to cause pain in your ears? Explain why this sound could be painful to your ears. A sound of 120 db can cause pain in your ears. 1 billion times as loud as a rustling newspaper.

13 9. What else can noise do besides causing damage to the ear itself? Stress related disorders - ulcers, hives, high blood pressure 10. Use the context clues on page F78 to define noise pollution. The occurrence of a loud or unpleasant sound in an environment. 11. Name a material that actually reflects sound. Something hard like metal 12. Name two things that actually absorb sound. Something soft like a pillow or insulation 13. How would the volume of a sound change as the intensity of the sound changes? Increased intensity = louder volume 14. An office manager wants to reduce noise pollution in an office. What kinds of floor and window covering would be best to use? Explain your answer. Carpet, curtains