Chapter 10 Nail Disorders & Diseases
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1 Chapter 10 Nail Disorders & Diseases MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The surface of a healthy natural nail should be. a. smooth and spotted b. flexible and spotted c. smooth and unspotted d. pitted and rough ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page Clients with skin or nails that are infected, inflamed, or swollen should be referred to a(n). a. technician b. physician c. stylist d. esthetician ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate that are the result of a major illness or injury are known as. a. eggshell nails b. narrow lines c. Beau s lines d. hangnails ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page What is a nail condition in which blood clots form under the nail plate due to a small injury of the nail plate? a. Bruised nails b. Blue nails c. Abnormal nails d. Bruised onychia ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page Which type of nail has a noticeably thin, white nail plate, and is more flexible than a normal nail? a. Ingrown b. Bitten c. Leukonychia d. Eggshell ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page When the eponychium or other living tissue surrounding the nail plate becomes split or torn, a occurs. a. purogenic granuloma c. splinter hemorrhage d. hangnail ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 210
2 7. Which treatment should be suggested to an individual with a simple hangnail? a. Removal of the damaged nail b. Hot oil manicure c. Removal of the entire cuticle, including living portions d. Daily use of medicated soaks ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page Redness, pain, and swelling are best described as signs of a(n). a. cosmetic defect b. deformity c. infection d. abrasion ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page Minor damage to the matrix that produces a whitish discoloration or white spots on the nails is known as. a. leukonychia b. melanonychia c. a hangnail d. nail fungus ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page Leukonychia spots result from. a. injury to the nail matrix b. calcium deficiency c. zinc excess d. excess melanocytes ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page A dark band within the nail plate extending from the base to the free edge due to increased pigmentation is known as. a. melanin nails b. onycholysis c. onychophagy d. melanonychia ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page Melanocytes are. a. stem cells b. pre-cancerous cells c. infection fighters d. pigment cells ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page An individual who bites his or her nails may be said to have. a. onychocryptosis c. onychomycosis
3 ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page Split or brittle nails with a series of lengthwise ridges and a rough appearance to the surface of the nail plate is known as. a. onychophagy b. onychophosis c. onychorrhexis d. plicatured nails 15. Excessive use of can cause onychorrhexis. a. hot oil treatments b. nail strengtheners c. cuticle removers d. nail polish 16. A highly curved nail plate often called folded nail, caused by injury to the matrix or inherited, is a(n). a. bruised nail b. bitten nail c. plicatured nail d. eggshell nail 17. often leads to ingrown nails. a. Onychophagy b. Plicatured nails c. Nail pterygium d. Beau s lines ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page Ridges running vertically down the natural nail plate are caused by. a. overgrowth and polish b. medication and cold temperatures c. uneven growth and age d. bitten nails 19. Physical trauma or injury to the nail bed that damages the capillaries and allows small amounts of blood flow results in. a. purogenic granulomas c. splinter hemorrhages d. hangnails ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page are always be positioned lengthwise in the direction of growth. a. Splinter hemorrhages
4 b. Hangnails c. Koilonychia d. Leukonychia ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page The disorder in which the edges of the nail plate curl around to form a sharp cone at the free edge is called. a. purogenic granuloma c. splinter hemorrhages ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page Moriah has a nail deformity. The general term for her condition is. a. onyx b. onychia c. onychosis d. onychophosis ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page Inflammation of the nail matrix followed by shredding of the natural nail plate is known as. a. onychia b. onyx c. fungi d. flagella ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page Which of the following is an infectious nail condition? a. onychomycosis b. nail psoriasis c. onychocryptosis d. onycholysis ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page refers to a fungal infection of the nail. a. Onychocryptosis b. Onychopathology c. Onychomycosis d. Onychophagy ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page Which parasite, under some conditions, can cause infections to the feet and hands? a. Onychiosis b. Flagella c. Fungi d. Plicature ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 215
5 27. If a cosmetologist provides a service to a client with a fungal infection, it is that the cosmetologist will get that infection from the client. a. extremely unlikely b. possible c. probable d. extremely likely ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page Discolorations of the nail plate from infections of the fingernails or toenails are usually the result of a. a. mold b. fungus c. viral infection d. bacterial infection ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page A naturally occurring skin bacterium that can grow out of control and cause nail infections, incorrectly referred to as mold, is. a. Pseudomonas aeruginosa b. paronychia granular c. pyogenic granular d. plicatured nails ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page In the early stages, a typical bacterial infection on the nail plate can be identified as a. a. yellow-green spot b. nail deformity c. separation of the nail d. white, lengthwise ridge ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page Severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate is called. a. pyogenic granuloma c. splinter hemorrhages ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page A friend shows you paperwork from a doctor stating that he has tinea pedis. What is his condition? a. Scaling skin b. Whitish patches on the nail c. Athlete s foot d. Ingrown nails ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate is an indication of. a. local infection b. ingrown nails c. athlete s foot
6 d. nail psoriasis ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page An ingrown nail is called a(n) is called. a. onychocryptosis c. onychomycosis ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding is a sign of. a. onychomadesis b. nail psoriasis c. eggshell nails d. onycholysis ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page may be caused by an allergic reaction of the nail bed. a. Onycholysis b. Melanonychia c. Onychophagy d. Splinter hemorrhage ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page Onychomadesis is the separation and falling off of a nail plate and can typically be traced to. a. darkening of nail b. nail splitting c. local infection d. bitten nails ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 218
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