Gluten and Health: Separa0ng the Wheat from the Chaff

Transcription

1 Gluten and Health: Separa0ng the Wheat from the Chaff Julie Miller Jones, PhD Shopping for Health April 2013 Sponsored by The Wheat Foods Council

2 What This Talk Will Cover Claims of adverse reac0ons to gluten Separate myths and facts with respect to wheat, gluten and health in normal individuals and who must eliminate gluten from the diet. The role of gut microflora and gut dysbiosis in health and disease Provide useful 0ps for those with gluten sensi0vi0es, allergies, celiac disease and other diges0ve disorders.

3 The Latest Fad or Here to Stay?

4 Condi0ons Purported to Improve with Wheat- Free Diet- Tes0monials 1. Abnormal glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes mellitus cured** 2. Asthma sufferers either eliminated their inhalers or were cured** year old woman with ulcera0ve coli0s who no longer required surgery; IBS improved year old man unable to walk because of joint pain** **obesity related

5 Condi0ons Purported to Improve with Wheat- Free Diet- Tes0monials 5. Energy increased**; enhances athle0c performance ** 6. Improves disturbed sleep** 7. Acid reflux** & rash sufferers reported fewer or no symptoms **obesity related He points out that wheat is so noxious that just one pretzel will cause the return of symptoms. Have you eaten any wheat lately?

6 Claim: Old Wheat Varie0es Were Less Toxic.a new protein in this thing called gliadin... I'm talking about everybody else because everybody else is suscep;ble to the gliadin protein that is an opiate. This thing binds into the opiate receptors in your brain and in most people s;mulates appe;te, such that we consume 440 more calories per day, 365 days per year. How much weight would we gain if we ate an additional 440 calories per day? = 46 pounds/year 6

7 Claim: New Short- Straw Wheats are Gene0cally Modified Short- straw wheat is problema0c Ancient and modern wheats straws range from 12 to 60 (USDA- Na0onal Small Grains Collec0on) No GMO wheat sold anywhere in the world Borlaug used ONLY tradi0onal breeding So Jack, did Norman Borlaug sell you this? 7

8 Claim: Gluten Levels Increased Gluten levels in various wheat varie0es have changed li+le on average since the 1920s. Gluten addi0on to breads and foods has increased Source: Kasarda DD J Agric Food Chem. 2013;61:1155-9

9 Claim: Wheat Consump0on Parallels Rise in Obesity Per capita wheat consump0on parallels the rise in obesity and waist circumference US wheat consump0on recent years while obesity rates Correla0on vs causa0on 9

10 Recent Wheat Consump0on Trends: Lbs per year Source: USDA Wheat Year Book, Table 29

11 Calories Have Increased for All Food Groups ~ 600 Kcal

12 Grain Intake: Visceral Abdominal Fat Framingham Heart Study (n=2834) McKeown et al. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92:

13 Gut Bacteria Through the Lifecycle Source: Onman et al. Fron0ers Cellular Infec0on Micro. 2012; 2:1-10

14 Obesity and the Microbiome Methanobrevibacter smithii People with high breath H 2 and CH 3 weigh more Source: Mathur et al J Clin Endocrinol Metab Mar 26; Million et al Int J Obes (Lond) Mar 5. doi: /ijo [Epub ahead of print]

15 Claims About Wheat & Diabetes Claim: Removal of wheat will cure or prevent T1 and T2 diabetes mellitus. Facts: Removal of ¼ to ⅓ of the calories can control T2DM, if overweight Removal of wheat from children at high risk for T1DM no impact on incidence Source: Ye EQ, et al. J Nutr. 2012;142: Jonnalagadda SS et al. J Nutr. 2011;141:1011S-22S. 15

16 Whole Grains Reduce Diabetes Risk Diets for diabetes should be 45-55% CHO and much dietary fiber Dietary Guidelines, Amer. Diab. Assoc., Int l IDA Cereal fibers appear to be more effec0ve in addressing diabetes than other fibers

17 Whole Grain and Heart Disease 51% whole grain Diets rich in whole grain foods and other plant foods that are low in total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol may reduce the risks of heart disease and certain cancers. 1.7 g fiber/ serving exc. brown rice 17