Testing Results of Water Samples from an Informal Pond

Transcription

1 Laboratory Testing Results of Drinking Waters, Waters and Sediment Collected from an Informal Pond, as well as Wastewater Collected in the Vicinity of Datang Hexigten Coal-to-Gas Project Testing Results of Water Samples from an Informal Pond On August 2 nd 2014, Greenpeace East Asia (hereafter Greenpeace ) collected two water samples using scientific methods from an informal pond near the west boundary of the Datang Hexigten Coal-to Gas Project plant. One sample was taken far from the discharge pipe (14015) and the other one near the discharge pipe (14016). The samples were delivered to Greenpeace Research Laboratories based at the University of Exeter (hereafter Greenpeace Research Laboratories ) for testing. The samples were analyzed qualitatively for volatile (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), and quantitatively for a range of common metals. On August 30 th 2014, Greenpeace once again collected a single water sample (Wastewater 1) near the discharge pipe from the informal pond using scientific methods. The sample was delivered to an accredited independent third-party testing facility in China (hereafter third-party testing facility ) for quantitative analysis for a range of organic compounds and metals. Some of the compounds were present below the limit of detection for the analytical method employed, and in these cases the results are presented in tables as <xx, where xx is the method detection limit for the individual compound.

2 Table 1 Concentrations of Metals and Metalloids (µg/l) in Filtered and Whole water Samples from the Informal Pond, as determined by Greenpeace Research Laboratories Filtered sample (dissolved metals) Waters samples from the informal pond Whole sample Water samples from the informal pond (total metals) Antimony <100 <100 Antimony <100 <100 Arsenic <10 <10 Arsenic <10 <10 Cadmium <5 <5 Cadmium <5 <5 Chromium <10 <10 Chromium <10 <10 Cobalt <20 <20 Cobalt <20 <20 Copper <10 <10 Copper <10 <10 Iron Iron Lead <40 <40 Lead <40 <40 Manganese Manganese Mercury <5 <5 Mercury <5 <5 Molybdenum <30 <30 Molybdenum <30 <30 Nickel <20 <20 Nickel <20 <20 Selenium <10 <10 Selenium <10 <10 Vanadium <20 <20 Vanadium <20 <20 Zinc <5 <5 Zinc

3 Table 2 Qualitative testing results of organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs) identified in the informal pond water sample 14015, as determined by Greenpeace Research Laboratories Sample code No. of chemicals identified Compounds identified to be better than 90% Note VOCs (11) SVOCs (15) Carbon disulphide Dimethyl sulphide Benzene Chlorobenzene 1,4-dichlorobenzene Ethylbenzene Dichloromethane Isopropylbenzene Toluene m-xylene and/or p-xylene o-xylene Phenyl isocyanate methylphenol dimethylphenol (2 isomers) ethylphenol ethylmethylphenol (2 isomers) 4-(1,4-dimethylethyl)phenol Phthalic acid Diethylphthalate methylnaphthalene 9H-Fluorene Phenanthrene Pyrene Trace levels only Phenol derivatives PAHs

4 Table 3 Qualitative testing results of organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs) identified in the informal pond water sample 14016, as determined by Greenpeace Research Laboratories Sample code No. of chemicals identified VOCs (15) SVOCs (44) Compounds identified to be better than 90% Benzene Dimethyl sulphide Dimethyl trisulphide Chlorobenzene 1,4-dichlorobenzene Ethylbenzene Isopropylbenzene Carbon disulphide Dichloromethane Styrene Toluene m-xylene and/or p-xylene o-xylene Dimethyl trisulphide phenylethanone methylphenol (2 isomers) ethylphenol dimethylphenol (4 isomers) ethylmethylphenol (2 isomers) Dibutylphenol Phthalic acid Benzylmethyl disulphide Dimethylphthalate Dibenzofuran Phenyl isocyanate Diethylphthalate 9H-Fluorene 9H-Fluorene-9-ol Phenanthrene Fluoranthene 1-methylnaphthalene 2-methylnaphthalene trimethylnaphthalene Note Trace levels only Phenol derivatives PAHs & derivatives

5 Table 4 Quantitative testing results of water sample (Wastewater 1) from the informal pond, as determined by the Chinese third-party testing facility Test Subject Test result Test subject Test result Volatile Phenols (mg/l) Zinc (mg/l) (8) Fluorides (mg/l) Lead (mg/l) 2 <0.2 Sulfides (mg/l) COD Cr (mg/l) 2, Cyanides (mg/l) 2 <0.004 Naphthalene (ng/l) 4 <25 Petroleum Oils (mg/l) Acenaphthylene (ng/l) 4 <1.0 Benzene (µg/l) Acenaphthlene (ng/l) Toluene (µg/l) Fluorene (ng/l) Ethylbenzene (µg/l) Phenanthrene (ng/l) m- /p-xylene (µg/l) Anthracene (ng/l) 4 <1.0 o-xylene (µg/l) Fluoranthene (ng/l) Phenol (mg/l) Pyrene (ng/l) Mercury (µg/l) 2,5 2.4 Benzo[a]anthracene (ng/l) Chromium (µg/l) 2, Chrysene (ng/l) Arsenic (µg/l) 2 <5.0 Benzo[b]fluoranthene (ng/l) Cadmium (mg/l) 2 <0.04 Benzo[k]fluoranthene (μg/l) (ng/l) 4 <0.5 Nickel (mg/l) 2 <0.15 Benzo[a]pyrene (ng/l) Copper (mg/l) 2,9 <0.01 Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene (ng/l) Iron (mg/l) (8) Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (ng/l) Manganese (mg/l) 2 <0.04 Benzo[g,h,i]perylene (ng/l) 4 2.0

6 Testing results of sediment samples from the informal pond On August 2 nd 2014, Greenpeace collected a single sediment sample far from the discharge pipe (140017) from the same informal pond, using scientific method. The sample was delivered to Greenpeace Research Laboratories for testing. The sample was analyzed qualitatively for SVOCs, and quantitatively for a range of common metals. On August 30 th 2014, Greenpeace once again collected another single sediment sample far from the discharge pipe (Sediment 1) from the informal pond using scientific methods. The sample was delivered to the third-party testing facility for quantitative analysis for a range of organic compounds and metals. Table 5 Qualitative testing results of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) identified in sediment sample 14017, as determined by Greenpeace Research Laboratories Sample code No. of chemicals identified SVOCs (33) Compounds identified to be better than 90% Pentadecane Docosane Dibenzofuran Benzo[b]naphtha(2,3-d)furan 1-methyl-7-(1-methylethyl)phenol Triphenylene 9H-Fluorene 1-methyl-9H-Fluorene Phenathrene Fluoranthene Pyrene Benzo[a]pyrene Naphthalene 1-methylpaphthalene 2-methylnaphthalene Dimethylnaphthalene Phenylnaphthalene Note PAHs & derivatives

7 Table 6 Concentrations of metals and metalloids (mg/kg) in sediment sample from the informal pond, as determined by Greenpeace Research Laboratories Solid sample (total metals, mg/kg) Antimony <10 Arsenic <1 Cadmium <1 Chromium 4 Cobalt <2 Copper 3 Lead <0.5 Manganese 27 Mercury <0.5 Molybdenum <4 Nickel 2 Selenium <40 Vanadium 4 Zinc 142 Table 7 Testing results of sediment sample (Sediment 1) from the informal pond, as determined by the Chinese third-party testing facility Test subject Volatile Phenols (mg/kg, dry weight) 1, Test result Phenol (mg/kg, dry weight) 2, Fluorides(mg/kg, dry weight) 1,5 278 Petroleum Oil (mg/kg, dry weight) 1,2, Mercury (mg/kg, dry weight) 2, Arsenic (mg/kg, dry weight) Copper (mg/kg, dry weight) 2 <1.9 Zinc (mg/kg, dry weight) Cadmium (mg/kg, dry weight) 4 <0.1 Chromium(mg/kg, dry weight) Manganese (mg/kg, dry weight) 2, Nickel (mg/kg, dry weight) Cobalt (mg/kg, dry weight) 2 <0.4 Vanadium (mg/kg, dry weight) Lead (mg/kg, dry weight) Naphthalene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3, Acenaphthylene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3, Acenaphthlene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3, Fluorene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3,5 220 Phenanthrene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3,5 753 Anthracene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3,5 310 Fluoranthene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3,5 664 Pyrene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3,5 618 Benzo[a]anthracene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3,5 380 Chrysene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3,5 292 Benzo[b]fluoranthene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3,5 434 Benzo[k]fluoranthene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3, Benzo[a]pyrene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3,5 217 Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3,5, Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene (µg/kg, dry weight) 3,5 84.2

8 Testing Results of Wastewater Samples from the Formal Evaporation Pond On August 30 th 2014, Greenpeace collected two parallel wastewater samples using scientific methods from the formal evaporation pond, which is located to the southeast of the Datang Hexigten Coal-to-Gas Project plant. One sample (14018) was delivered to Greenpeace Research Laboratories and the other one (Wastewater 2) to the third-party testing facility. Table 8 Concentrations of metals and metalloids (µg/l) in filtered and whole wastewater samples (14018) from the formal evaporation pond, as determined by Greenpeace Research Laboratories Filtered sample (dissolved metals) Wastewater from the evaporation pond Whole sample (total metals) Wastewater from the evaporation pond Antimony <100 Antimony <100 Arsenic 48 Arsenic 53 Cadmium <5 Cadmium <5 Chromium <10 Chromium <10 Cobalt <20 Cobalt <20 Copper <10 Copper <10 Iron 301 Iron 1370 Lead <40 Lead <40 Manganese 28 Manganese 103 Mercury <5 Mercury <5 Molybdenum <30 Molybdenum <30 Nickel <20 Nickel <20 Selenium 11 Selenium 16 Vanadium <20 Vanadium <20 Zinc 33 Zinc 177

9 Table 9 Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) identified in the wastewater sample from the formal evaporation pond, as determined by Greenpeace Research Laboratories No. of chemicals identified Phenol & derivatives Phenol Methylphenol Ethylphenol Azido phenol Dimethylphenol (3 isomers) Benzene derivatives Tetramethylbenzene Difluorobenzene Dimethylbenzene 1 Methyl 2 (1 propynyl)benzene Propenylbenzene 4 Ethenyl 1,2 dimethylbenzene Pyridines derivatives Methylpyridine Dimethylpyridine Trimethylpyridine 2 Pyridinecarboxylic acid Naphthalene & derivatives Naphthalene 1 Methylnaphthalene 2 Methylnaphthalene VOCs (154) Compounds identified to better than 90% Other compounds (E) 3 Phenyl 2 butenal 1 (2 Ethylphenyl)ethan 1 one 1 Methyl 2,3 dihydroindene 2 Cyclopenten 1 one, dimethyl Methylbutane Propanone Benzaldehyde Benzenemethanol Toluene Decane Dodecane Tetramethylhexadecane Diisopropyl ether Isopropyl(6 phenylhex 5 ynyl)amine N Benzyl 3 pyrroline N oxide N Benzyl N (phenylethyl)amine 1,3,5 Trimethyl 1H Pyrazole Dimethylthiophene trans 3 Methoxy 5 (4 methoxyphenyl) 1,2,4 trioxolane Tetrahydro 2 methyl 2 furancarboxaldehyde 5 Phenyl 2 tetrahydrofurylmethyl 2' pyridyl sulfide

10 Table 10 Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs ) identified in the wastewater sample from the formal evaporation pond, as determined by Greenpeace Research Laboratories No. of chemicals identified SVOCs (209) Compounds identified to better than 90% PAHs & derivatives 9H Fluorene Hydroxymethylnaphthalene 9H Fluorenol (2 isomers) Other compounds Methyl 4 indanol Ethylanisole 1,1' Biphenylol (2 isomers) Ethynylbiphenyl 2 Cyclohexene 1 carbonitrile 2,3 Dihydro 2 methylbenzo[b]thiophene 3,4,5,6,7,8 Hexahydro (2H) naphthalenone Allyl toluenesulfonate 10 Azatricyclo[ (1,6)]deca 2,4 diene Hydroxyphthalide 2,3 Dihydro 1H inden 5 ol (4 Fluorophenyl)butynone Benzo[d]isothiazole (E) 2 (2H(1) 4 Methoxyphenylethene Methoxyphenylacetone 1 Methylene 1H indene Dimethyl 3 phenylaziridine Phenol & derivatives Phenol Methylphenol (2 isomers) Dimethylphenol (3 isomers) Trimethylphenol (2 isomers) Ethylphenol Diethylphenol (2 isomers) Ethylmethylphenol (3 isomers) Propylphenol Methoxyphenol Methylpropylphenol Pyridines derivatives Phenylpyridine 9H Indeno[2,1 b]pyridine 3,5 Diacetyl 1H pyrazole 5 (Phenylmethyl) 2 pyridinamine Quinoline derivatives Isoquinoline Methylisoquinoline Methylquinoline 7,8 Dihydro 6 methyl 6H pyrrolo[2,3 g]quinoline

11 Table 11 Testing results of wastewater samples from the formal evaporation pond, as determined by the Chinese third-party testing facility Test subject Test Result Test Subject Volatile Phenols (mg/l) Test Result 31.1 Zinc (mg/l) Fluorides (mg/l) Lead (mg/l) 2 <0.2 Sulfides (mg/l) COD Cr (mg/l) 2, Cyanides (mg/l) 2 <0.004 Naphthalene (μg/l) 4 <25 Petroleum Oil (mg/l) Acenaphthylene (μg/l) Benzene (μg/l) Acenaphthlene (μg/l) Toluene (μg/l) Fluorene (μg/l) Ethylbenzene (μg/l) Phenanthrene (μg/l) m- /p-xylene (μg/l) Anthracene (μg/l) o-xylene (μg/l) Fluoranthene (μg/l) Phenol (mg/l) Pyrene (μg/l) Mercury (μg/l) 2,5 2.8 Benzo[a]anthracene (μg/l) Chromium (μg/l) 2, Chrysene (μg/l) Arsenic (μg/l) 2 <5.0 Benzo[b]fluoranthene (μg/l) Cadmium (mg/l) 2 <0.04 Benzo[k]fluoranthene (μg/l) Nickel (mg/l) 2 <0.15 Benzo[a]pyrene (μg/l) Copper (mg/l) 2,9 <0.01 Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene (μg/l) Iron (mg/l) Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (μg/l) Manganese (mg/l) 2 <0.04 Benzo[g,h,i]perylene (μg/l)

12 Testing results of drinking water samples from private wells located in the vicinity of Datang Hexigten Coal-to-Gas Project On August 2 nd 2014, Greenpeace used scientific methods and collected 14 drinking water samples from private wells located in the vicinity of the Datang Hexigten Coal-to Gas Project plant. The samples ( ) were delivered to Greenpeace Research Laboratories for testing. On August 30 th 2014, Greenpeace used scientific methods and collected 11 drinking water samples (Well 1-11) from the same sampled private wells 1, which were delivered to the third-party testing facility for quantitative analysis. Table 12 Testing results of drinking water samples, as determined by the Chinese third-party independent testing facility Test subject Test result Well 1 Well 2 Well 3 Well 4 Well 5 Well 6 Well 7 Well 8 Well 9 Well 10 Well 11 Volatile Phenols (mg/l) (8) Fluorides (mg/l) (8) < (8) 0.05 (8) <0.05 <0.05 < (8) 0.05 (8) (8) Sulfides (mg/l) 5 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 Cyanides (mg/l) 2 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 Petroleum Oil (mg/l) Benzene (µg/l) 4 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 Toluene (µg/l) Ethylbenzene (µg/l) 4 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 m- /p-xylene (µg/l) 4 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 o-xylene (µg/l) 4 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 Phenol (µg/l) On August 30 th 2014, there was no one at home in three out of the 14 households where Greenpeace planned to sample private well water Greenpeace sampled on August 2 nd, making it impossible to collect samples at those locations.

13 Table 13 Concentrations of metals and metalloids (µg/l) in filtered drinking water samples, as determined by Greenpeace Research Laboratories Filtered sample (dissolved metals) Concentrations (µg/l) Antimony <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 Arsenic <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 Cadmium <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Chromium <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 Cobalt <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 Copper <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 Iron 170 < <20 <20 <20 22 <20 27 <20 <20 < Lead <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 Manganese < Mercury <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Molybdenum <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 Nickel <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 Selenium <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 Vanadium <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 Zinc <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <

14 Table 14 Concentrations of metals and metalloids (µg/l) in whole drinking water samples, as determined by Greenpeace Research Whole samples (total metals) Laboratories Concentrations (µg/l) Antimony <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 Arsenic <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 Cadmium <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Chromium <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 Cobalt <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 Copper <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 Iron Lead <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 <40 Manganese Mercury <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Molybdenum <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 <30 Nickel <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 Selenium <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 Vanadium <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 Zinc <5 < <5 9 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <

15 Table 15 Organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs) identified in drinking water samples , as determined by Greenpeace Research Laboratories Sample code No. of chemicals identified Compounds identified to be better than 90% Dichloromethane Diethylphthalate Carbon disulfide Tetrachloroethene Dichloromethane Note Trace levels only Trace levels only Dichloromethane Trace levels only n/a Carbon disulphide Trace levels only n/a n/a n/a Dichloromethane Diethylphthalate Phthalic acid Diethylphthalate Phthalic acid Diethylphthalate Phthalic acid Diethylphthalate Phthalic acid Diethylphthalate Trace levels only Trace levels only Trace levels of phthalic acid, more prominent peak of diethylphthalate Trace levels only Trace levels only Dichloromethane Trace levels only Note: 1. The certified reference material (CRM) used by the accredited third-party testing facility was in liquid matrix. 2. For these substances, quality control carried out by the accredited third-party testing facility consisted of checking against certified reference material (CRM) or laboratory prepared matrix spike. 3. For these substances, quality control carried out by the accredited third-party testing facility consisted of comparison of sample duplicates for reproducibility. CRM and/or laboratory-prepared matrix spike samples were not analyzed in these cases. 15

16 4. For these substances, quality control carried out by the accredited third-party testing facility consisted of comparison against sample blanks. CRM and/or laboratory-prepared matrix spike samples were not analyzed in these cases. 5. Data for blanks were not reported by the accredited third-party testing facility. 6. The relative percent difference (RPD) between the replicates was over 30% in this case. 7. Although the method detection limit was 0.5 µg/l, blanks were reported by the accredited third-party testing facility for this substance only as <150 µg/l, as this value is equivalent to 10% of the corresponding limit (1.5 mg/l) set out in Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB ). 8. The sample concentration reported by the accredited third-party testing facility is the same as the corresponding detection limit. 9. Although the method detection limit was 0.01 mg/l, blanks were reported by the accredited third-party testing facility for this substance only as <0.05 mg/l, as this value is equivalent to 10% of the corresponding limit (0.5 mg/l) set out in Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB ). 10. No QC data was provided by the accredited third-party testing facility for this substance. 16