ENDS and Vaping. FCD Prevention Works Spring-Summer 2018

Transcription

1 ENDS and Vaping FCD Prevention Works Spring-Summer

2 FCD Prevention Works Prevention is a climate, not a program Nonprofit Over 40 years of school-based substance abuse prevention Over 2.5 million students, over 70 countries 2

3 FCD s Prevention Approach A collaborative process promoting healthy young people by: Nurturing protections Reducing risks Intervening on unhealthy behaviors 3

4 What We ll Cover ENDS and Vapes Health risks Data and trends The changing landscape Takeaways and next steps Q&A 4

5 Most Kids are Healthy, but: Monitoring the Future,

6 Use Uncommon, but Trending: Monitoring the Future,

7 Social Norms Gross exaggerations False perceptions Perception influences reality Affects younger children Research-based prevention strategy 7

8 An Introduction to ENDS What are they? Where did they come from? How do they work? U.S. Food & Drug Administration 8

9 An Introduction to ENDS 9

10 Parts of an E-cigarette 10

11 Produces Aerosol, not Vapor Aerosol: a mixture of liquid particles suspended in a gas that can contain many chemicals; does not evaporate Incomplete List of Chemicals in E-Cig Aerosol Propylene glycol Glycerin Flavorings (many) Nicotine NNN NNK NAB NAT Ethylbenzene Benzene Xylene Toluene Acetaldehyde Formaldehyde Naphthalene Styrene Benzo(b)fluorant hene Chlorobenzene Crotonaldehyde Propionaldehyde Benzaldehyde Valeric acid Hexanal Fluorine Anthracene Pyrene Acenaphthylene Acenapthene Fluoranthene Benz(a)anthracene Chrysene Retene Benzo(a)pyrene Indeno(1,2,3- cd)pyrene Benzo(ghi)perylene Acetone Acrolein Silver Nickel Tin Sodium Strontium Barium Aluminum Chromium Boron Copper Selenium Arsenic Nitrosamines, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Cadmium Silicon Lithium Lead Magnesium Manganese Potassium Titanium Zinc Zirconium Calcium Iron Sulfur Vanadium Cobalt Rubidium Stanford Tobacco Prevention Toolkit,

12 Known Short-Term Health Consequences 12 Vaping Daily,

13 Addiction, Plus Unknown Health Risks 13

14 Earlier Use, Highly Vulnerable Pathways Nicotine connects with the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, increasing nicotine receptor sites 90% of current smokers started before they were 18 U.S. DHHS Office of Adolescent Health 14

15 Unknown and Harmful Ingredients What do students think is in the e-cigarettes they have used? Monitoring the Future, 2015 U.S. regulation of ENDS announced May 2016 Full regulation of these products continues to be delayed It will take years to implement all safety measures and warnings Current product claims cannot be substantiated 15

16 Primes Addiction Adolescents who vape: 5x more likely to use cigarettes 4x more likely to start JAMA Pediatrics 16

17 Local and Global Teen Use Trends Use for teens greater than any other tobacco product and any other drug but alcohol Monitoring the Future,

18 Use Rising Quickly 18

19 Exposure to tobacco and e-cigarette related advertising nearly doubles the likelihood of initiating use of e-cigarettes or tobacco smoking. 19

20 Social Media Teens are socialized with vape content. 53% 6 th, 8 th, and 10 th grade students in Texas report exposure to electronic cigarette social media within the past month. Females more likely exposed via Instagram, Snapchat, Twitter, Vine, Tumblr, etc. Pinterest,

21 Consequences of Marketing Use twice as great for boys as for girls Some youth use before alcohol Monitoring the Future, 2015 FCD Database,

22 Low Perceptions of Risk 22

23 False Comparisons 23

24 Portable diffusers, aromatherapy, etc. All use equals risk Direct inhalation of heated oils Mimics and primes vaping behavior Aromatherapy pens mirror look and feel of e-cigs/vaporizers, not recommended for people under 18, those pregnant, etc. 24

25 Marijuana Too Plant matter or cartridges, concentrated budder, shatter, crumble, wax, oil Unregulated and under-researched ingredients Same health concerns about carcinogens and irritants as e-cigs minus nicotine, plus THC Instagram,

26 Vaping Takeaways It s not healthy It s not safe It s not needed 26

27 Vaping Takeaways Marketing and money Design and modern day branding Substance confusion Oral habit formation Culture of quick fix 27

28 Vaping Takeaways Marketed to youth Lowered risk perceptions Health messaging needed from adults who care 28

29 What We ve Covered ENDS and Vapes Health risks Data and trends The changing landscape Takeaways and next steps Q&A 29

30 Further Resources FCD Prevention Works Find us on Facebook National Institute on Drug Abuse Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids Stanford Tobacco Prevention Toolkit ntiontoolkit.html Tobacco Free California 30

31 THANK YOU FOR JOINING US! FCD PREVENTION WORKS 31