American School of Warsaw

Transcription

1 American School of Warsaw Parent Presentation FCD Prevention Works April 10th 2019 John Tummon Senior Prevention Specialist 1

2 FCD Prevention Works Prevention is a climate, not a program Private nonprofit organization 43 years of school-based substance abuse prevention Over 2 million students, nearly 70 countries Health perspective

3 What Is Prevention? A collaborative process involving schools, families, and communities that promotes the health and welfare of young people by planning and implementing strategies that: Reduce risk factors that contribute to unhealthy behaviors Identify and intervene on unhealthy behaviors Nurture and strengthen protective factors that contribute to health and well being!3

4 Addiction Definition Addiction An individual s repetitive, compulsive use of a substance (or performance of a behavior) despite negative consequences. 10

5 Risk Factors for Addiction The FACTS u u u u u Family history Age of first use Cravings Tolerance Surroundings 11

6 The Teenage Brain and Substances Unique Vulnerabilities Alcohol and other drugs interfere with forming connections in a teen s brain. These connections are intended to be formed without the presence of alcohol or other drugs. A brain in transition from child to adult is more vulnerable to addiction. Delayed use is critical to protection. 9

7 Human Brain Development

8 Childs Brain Utility Pole in Thailand u u Content here Content here 5

9 Adolescent Brain Critical Periods u u Decrease in Gray Matter Increase in White Matter 8

10 Maturing Brain Critical period Neuroadaptation Mylenation Insulation

11 Adult Brain Pruned for life

12 nuggets An Introduction to Vaping and Vapes u What are they? u Where did they come from? u How do they work? U.S. Food & Drug Administration!12

13 What is Nicotine? Nicotine Molecule Drug Stimulant Highly Addictive Causes changes in brain chemistry Found in tobacco products Teacher Talking Points: Nicotine is a drug that is a stimulant, meaning it raises levels of physical or psychological activity in the body, and it is toxic at high doses. It is highly addictive since it causes changes in brain chemistry quickly and leaves the brain craving more. Nicotine is found in tobacco products and nicotine exposure during fetal development has lasting adverse consequences for brain development. Data from studies of mice suggest that nicotine exposure during adolescence may have lasting adverse effects on brain development. (click) If nicotine is unsafe, why do you think people still choose to use products that have nicotine?

14 Where Can You Find Nicotine? Teacher Talking Points: Let s see where you can find this highly addictive drug. (click) Nicotine can be found in tobacco and comes from tobacco leaves. (click) Nicotine is found in cigarettes and tobacco companies made cigarettes more addictive by controlling and increasing nicotine levels and enhancing the impact of nicotine by adding chemicals (click) Most hookah contains nicotine and overall, can have a lot of the same negative health effects of cigarettes (click) E-juice used in e-cigs/vapes can contain varying levels of nicotine.

15 What are E-Cigarettes? Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Essentially the same thing as hookah pens, vape pipes, etc. An unregulated, for profit-consumer product!15

16 E-Cigarette!16

17 Strength of a Pack NOTE: ALL SALT-BASED E-JUICE/LIQUID CONTAINS NICOTINE! Amount Equivalent 1 pack cigarettes 20 cigarettes (contains 8mg per cigarette, but only inhale 1mg) 1 JUULpod 0.7 ml pod "5% nicotine by volume" 1 PHIX pod 1.5 ml pod "5% nicotine by volume" 1 Suorin pod 2 ml cartridge "5.4% nicotine by volume " Teacher Talking Points: Unlike other e-juices which may or may not contain nicotine, ALL SALT-BASED E-JUICE CONTAINS NICOTINE! According to JUUL Labs, one JUULpod contains 59 mg/ml of nicotine. This amount is equal to the amount of nicotine you ll find in a pack of cigarettes (20 cigarettes). When you think of a JUULpod, think of a pack of cigarettes (click). As mentioned before, this is a high amount and can be harsh for first-time users. Our concern is that young people are being introduced to a high amount of nicotine and becoming addicted as a result. 1 PHIX pod contains 1.5 ml of e-liquid, is 5% nicotine by volume (click) which is equivalent to two packs of cigarettes. 1 Suorin Vagon cartridge contains 2 ml of e-liquid at 5.4% nicotine by volume and could potentially contain up to 160 mg of nicotine, or the equivalent of up to three packs (click). Reference: Images: Cigarette: excludenudity=true&mediatype=photography&phrase=package%20of%20cigarettes&sort=mostpopular Phix Pod: Suorin:

18 Cigarette Smoking Adolescents who vape: u u 5x more likely to use cigarettes 4x more likely to start JAMA Pediatrics!18

19 All of these have been found in e-cig aerosol! E-Cig Aerosol Composition Propylene glycol Glycerin Flavorings (many) Nicotine NNN NNK NAB NAT Ethylbenzene Benzene Xylene Toluene Acetaldehyde Formaldehyde Naphthalene Styrene Benzo(b)fluorant hene Chlorobenzene Crotonaldehyde Propionaldehyd e Benzaldehyde Valeric acid Hexanal Fluorine Anthracene Pyrene Acenaphthylene Acenapthene Fluoranthene Benz(a)anthrace ne Chrysene Retene Benzo(a)pyrene Indeno(1,2,3- cd)pyrene Benzo(ghi)peryl ene Acetone Acrolein Silver Nickel Tin Sodium Strontium Barium Aluminum Chromium Boron Copper Selenium Arsenic Nitrosamines, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Cadmium Silicon Lithium Lead Magnesium Manganese Potassium Titanium Zinc Zirconium Calcium Iron Sulfur Vanadium Cobalt Rubidium Compounds in highlight are from FDA 2012, Harmful and Potentially Harmful Substances Established List Teacher Talking Points: All of these chemicals have been found in in the E-Cig Aerosol The ones in yellow are known to be harmful And while we did not know this at first, Many of these are the same chemicals found in traditional cigarettes Simply put, E Cigs produce a vapor/aerosol that often contain propylene glycol, glycerin, flavorings, and nicotine and many other harmful chemicals and toxins, some known to cause cancer Nicotine itself is a highly addictive compound And while not all contain nicotine, all have many of these chemicals and toxins.

20 Flavors Teacher Talking Points: (click) One of the major appeals of e-cigs/vapes is the over 7,000 flavors of e-liquid available. The various trendy flavors have been a very successful marketing strategy that allows e-cig/vape users to consume nicotine without the harsh taste of cigarettes. It may come as a surprise to many, but the flavors themselves pose a risk to the e-cig/vape user. Some flavors have been shown to be toxic due to the chemicals they contain.

21 Low Perceptions of Risk!21

22 Magazine Advertising with actor Stephen Dorff More Ads blu e-cigarettes, Car and Driver (April 2015), Men's Journal (April & May 2015, Playboy (April & June 2015), Maxim (June/July 2015), detail.php?artifactid=9859&page=1; detail.php?artifactid=9882&page=1 blu e-cigarettes, Car and Driver, Playboy (May 2015); Men's Journal and Popular Mechanics (June 2015), detail.php? artifactid=9993&page=1; Also appeared in Cosmopolitan (April 2015)!22

23 More Ads Like old cigarette ads, e-cigarette magazine ads feature rugged men.!23

24 Glamourous Women More Ads!24

25 !25

26 Event Sponsorships More Ads blu e-cigarettes sponsorship of Philadelphia Summer Concert Calendar, Philly Weekly, May 27-June 3, 2015!26

27 Sales Near Candy More Ads E-cigarette counter display near candy. Taken January 20, 2014 in Yanceyville, NC E-cigarette counter display near candy. Taken August 2, 2013 in Denver, CO!27

28 Free Sampling More Ads NJOY Instagram post, 9/11/14,

29 Vaping Takeaways It s not healthy It s not safe It s not needed 26

30 Drinking Key Findings Higher-risk drinkers are at higher risk for a wide variety of negative emotional, health and social consequences, as well as use of other substances!30

31 Consequences of Higher-Risk Use On one or more occasions within the past 12 months: 68% got sick, vomited, and/or had a hangover 58% forgot what happened 58% did something they later felt sorry for 42% rode as a passenger with an intoxicated driver 47% had a fight with a friend 42% used alcohol alone 42% drove after drinking 21% got in trouble at home or school 26% passed out 32% Regretted a sexual situation!31

32 Consequences of Higher-Risk Use Grades Received in Relation to Alcohol and Marijuana Use Yearly or More Frequent Marijuana Users Higher-Risk Drinkers Non-Drinkers Mostly A s 57% 42% 72% Mostly B s 40% 53% 28% Mostly C s or D s 3% 5% 0% Non-drinkers are most likely to receive Mostly A s Non-Drinkers are least likely to receive Mostly C s 96% of all students say academics are important to them!32

33 Consequences of Higher-Risk Use!33

34 Social Norms Approach An Introduction u People tend to do what they perceive everyone else is doing. u What people think everyone else is doing becomes the norm. But u perceptions are not always accurate. Still u future behaviors are driven by false norms. 14

35 False Perceptions - Attitudes 3% of all students think it is cool to get drunk Yet, 19% of all students assume schoolmates think it s cool to get drunk 5% of 12 th graders think it is cool to get drunk Yet, 38% of 12 th graders assume schoolmates think it is cool to get drunk!35

36 False Perceptions - Behavior 9% of 10 th graders say they typically use marijuana 1-2 times a year or more Yet, 47% of 10 th graders believe their classmates typically use marijuana at this rate or more 94% of 9 th grade students typically never drink alcohol Yet, only 26% of 9 th grade students believe their peers do not drink!36

37 What Parents Can Do Your Role in Prevention u Model healthy, appropriate attitudes and behaviors u Set clear limits, expectations and consequences u Know what is going on: u after school u on weekends u during breaks/vacations u When stress is high u Get to know their friends 21

38 What Parents Can Do Your Role in Prevention u u u u u Eat together Talk with your teens about alcohol and other drugs Listen to your teens thoughts about alcohol and other drugs Continue to share your thoughts and concerns Spend the time you can with them 22

39 What Parents Can Do Your Role in Prevention Families, peers, schools, and communities are all key components in prevention. Research shows that youths who 1) perceive that their parents disapprove of substance use, and 2) who report that their parents are involved in their day-to-day activities are less likely than those who do not to use alcohol, tobacco/ nicotine or illicit drugs. 23

40 Resources FCD Prevention Works Find us on Facebook National Institute on Drug Abuse Partnership for Drug-Free Kids Above the Influence

41 QUESTIONS? COMMENTS? THANK YOU! FCD PREVENTION WORKS!41