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1 Online publication August 27, 2009 CVT J Jpn Coll Angiol, 2009, 49: ambulatory venous pressure plethysmography continuous wave Doppler duplex ultrasonography 21 ambulatory venous pressure AVP AVP 25mmHg venous refilling time: VRT or RT t/ RT 5mmHg THE JOURNAL of JAPANESE COLLEGE of ANGIOLOGY Vol. 49,

2 Figure 2 Recording data of digital photoplethysmography. Figure 1 Attachment of probe of digital photoplethysmography. 1 muscle pump plethysmography 2 venous occlusion plethysmography 80mmHg 3 PPG: photoplethysmography 2 3mm nm 2 3cm Fig AVP refilling time RT 20 Fig. 2 80mmHg PPG VO venous outflow 208 Vol. 49, 2009

3 Figure 3 Sensing cuff attachment of air plethysmography. PPG /minvo 30 / min VO Figure 4 Tip-toe exercise (APG) 4 APG: air plethysmography 35cm APG Fig. 3 50cc Fig. 3 Fig. 4 VV(venous volume)vv VRT(venous refilling time) 90 VV 90 VRTVFI(venous filling index) Fig. 5 VFI 2ml/s VFI Harada VFI > 7ml/min EV(expelled volume)fig. 5 EV Figure 5 Findings of muscle pump air plethysmography. VFI 3 5 EV 10 RV(residual venous volume) RV VV 100 RVF(residual venous Vol. 49,

4 Figure 7 Findings of venous occlusion air plethysmography. Figure 6 Venous occlusion air plethysmography. fraction)fig. 5 RVFAVP 3, 5 EV Fig cm 80mmHg Fig. 7 VC venous capacitance 1 V 1 one second outflow OF 1 outflow fraction at one second Kalodiki OF mm Ambulatory strain gauge plethysmography ASGP venoarteriolar reflex EVASGP AVP RT 0.91EV Duplex Vol. 49, 2009

5 Duplex Duplex Duplex AVP 9 AVP 10 cuff inflator/deflator Duplex VFI VO Vol. 49, 2009 Vascular Labo CVT: Clinical Vascular Technologist 1 Gloviczki P, Pairolero PC, Toomey BJ et al: Reconstruction of large veins for nonmalignant venous occlusive disease. J Vasc Surg, 1992, 16: Harada RN, Katz ML, Comerota A: A noninvasive screening test to detect critical deep venous reflux. J Vasc Surg, 1995, 22: Criado E, Farber MA, Marston WA et al: The role of air plethysmography in the diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency. J Vasc Surg, 1998, 27: Ting AC, Cheng SW, Wu LL et al: Air plethysmography in chronic venous insufficiency: clinical diagnosis and quantitative assessment. Angiology, 1999, 50: Nishibe T, Kudo F, Miyazaki K et al: Relationship between parameters of air plethysmography and types of superficial venous reflux in patients with primary varicose veins. Int Angiol, 2008, 27: Kalodiki E, Calahoras LS, Delis KT et al: Air plethysmography: the answer in detecting past deep venous thrombosis. J Vasc Surg, 2001, 33: Struckmann JR: Assessment of the venous muscle pump function by ambulatory strain gauge plethysmography. Methodological and clinical aspects. Dan Med Bull, 1993, 4: Sarin S, Sommerville J, Farrah J et al: Duplex ultrasonography for assessment of venous valvular function of the lower limb. Br J Surg, 1994, 81: Rodriguez AA, Whitehead CM, McLaughlin RL et al: Duplex-derived valve closure times fail to correlate with reflux flow volumes in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. J Vasc Surg, 1996, 23: Neglén P, Egger JF 3rd, Olivier J et al: Hemodynamic and clinical impact of ultrasound-derived venous reflux parameters. J Vasc Surg, 2004, 40:

6 Functional Examination Norihide Sugano Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan ambulatory venous pressure, plethysmography, continuous wave Doppler, duplex ultrasonography Venous functional examinations need to evaluate both reflux and occlusion. The invasive venous pressure measurement has been the gold standard for the venous functional test; however, non-invasive examinations are becoming more common. The Doppler examination is useful for screening the reflux, and then Duplex identifies the location of the reflux. Plethysmography offers quantification of the reflux and obstruction. It is now important that we increase the number of Clinical Vascular Technologists as soon as possible to popularize such non-invasive examinations in Japan. (J Jpn Coll Angiol, 2009, 49: ) Online publication August 27, Vol. 49, 2009

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