Webinar Team. University of Florida IFAS Extension. Essentials of Blood Pressure Management Series Part 1: Blood Pressure Basics

Transcription

1 Please download session materials and view archived sessions at Webinar Team Upcoming Sessions: March 22: Physical Activity and Stress Management April 5: Beyond Sodium: Food and Nutrients that Impact Blood Pressure April 19: Medications and Blood Pressure May 3: Blood Pressure, Kidneys and Complications Wendy Dahl, Ph.D. Associate Professor and Extension Specialist UF/IFAS Food Science & Human Nutrition Depart. Julie England, M.S.,CFCS Seminole County FCS & Food Systems Extension Agent Wendy Wood Lynch, M.S. Putnam County FCS Extension Agent 1 2 University of Florida IFAS Extension Part of nationwide educational network of land grant universities Partnership between University of Florida & County Governments All 67 counties in Florida have an Extension presence Most have a Family & Consumer Sciences Agent Essentials of Blood Pressure Management Series Blood Pressure Basics Session 1 Session Two - Physical Activity and Stress Management 12:00 PM ET Thursday, March 22, 2018 Archived sessions and handouts available on UF/IFAS Extension Putnam County s website:

2 Today s Speakers Blood Pressure The force of blood exerted on the inside walls of blood vessels. Wendy W. Lynch, M.S. Putnam County FCS Extension Agent wendyw74@ufl.edu Linda B. Bobroff, Ph.D., RDN UF/IFAS Extension bobroff@ufl.edu Michael S. Gutter, Ph.D. UF/IFAS Extension msgutter@ufl.edu Blood first measured in the 1700s Blood Pressure Measurement Systolic: the pressure in the arteries when the heart is pushing out blood (contraction) Diastolic: the pressure when the heart is at rest (relaxation) 120 mm Hg 80 mm Hg Systolic Diastolic 7 8 2

3 Blood pressure varies during the day Know Your Numbers Time of day Body position During and after exercise Response to stress Petting your dog or cat! Systolic Diastolic Normal less than 120 and less than 80 Elevated and less than 80 High Blood Pressure Stage 1 High Blood Pressure Stage 2 Hypertensive Crisis or or higher or 90 or higher higher than 180 and/or higher than standing-blood-pressure-readings_ucm_301764_article.jsp#.wpr4mxdg02x 10 Blood pressure depends on.. Heart rate: rate BP Volume of blood leaving the heart with each beat (stroke volume): volume BP Radius of arteries (narrow arteries BP) Viscosity (thickness) of the blood ( viscosity BP) Narrowing/hardening of the arteries Normal Build up High Pressure Image: Shutterstock_

4 High Blood Pressure - Hypertension High blood pressure is when your blood pressure, the force of blood flowing through your blood vessels, is consistently high. Types of Hypertension Primary or Essential No known cause Secondary Medications/Drugs Prescribed & OTC Nicotine Steroids Some herbal Conditions Vascular, kidney disease etc. ** Discuss Your Risks Factors with Your Healthcare Provider ** About-High-Blood-Pressure_UCM_002050_Article.jsp#.WpWJU3dG02w Signs and Symptoms Called the silent killer because most people have no signs or symptoms. Headaches, nosebleeds, and dizziness don t occur until blood pressure is dangerously high. Often discovered after heart attack, stroke or kidney failure. Risk Factors Excessive alcohol use Poor diet Other chronic diseases Overweight/obese Physical inactivity Sleep apnea Smoking Stress 16 4

5 Hypertension: Why the Concern? Linda B. Bobroff, Ph.D., RDN Professor and Extension Nutrition Specialist Department of Family, Youth & Community Sciences University of Florida Affects 46% of adults in the U.S. Only about HALF have their BP under control Health disparities Major risk factor for heart disease/stroke 17 MMWR. 2018; 67(7): NEJMed. 2018; 378: Image: CDC.gov # Have you EVER been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that you have high blood pressure?* 1. Yes 2. Yes, but I was only told during pregnancy 3. No 4. Told I was borderline high or pre-hypertensive 5. Don t know / Not sure What is a Health Disparity? A health disparity is a type of health difference that is closely linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage. *BRFSS survey question (2015) Image: NCI-vol

6 Prevalence of HTN in Racial/Ethnic Groups (%) Asian Other Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic AI/AN Non-Hispanic Blacks Health Disparities in HTN: Non-Hispanic Blacks Develop HBP at an earlier age. Less likely to have BP under control. Monitoring BP and taking control of HBP are critical! MMWR. 2018; 67(7): Image: Shutterstock.com # Health Disparities in HTN: Geographic Variations SE: highest prevalence stroke belt Western, midwestern, and NE states: lower prevalence For those of you who have EVER been told that you have high blood pressure: Are you currently taking medicine for your high blood pressure?* 1. Yes 2. No 3. Don t know / Not sure *BRFSS survey question (2015). MMWR. 2018; 67(7):

7 Healthy People USDHHS Healthy People 2020 Heart Disease and Stroke Objectives Reduce proportion of persons with HTN to 26.9%. Increase proportion of adults with HTN who take prescribed medications to 69.5% Image: Pixabay_hypertension _1920.jpg 26 Re-cap Many adults in the US have hypertension, with some groups at higher risk. Many people who have hypertension do not have it under control. Complications - Aneurysm Bulge in artery wall Blocks blood flow No symptoms Impact of a rupture depends on location BP control critical! Image: Thinkstock.com # Image:

8 Complications Heart Attack Heart Attack Warning Signs Flow of blood to heart muscle blocked Lack of oxygen causes tissue death Outcome depends on extent of the damage Discomfort or pain in center of chest, arm, or shoulder Pain in back, neck, or jaw Shortness of breath Cold sweat, nausea or vomiting, lightheadedness Image: Attack/Warning-Signs-of-a-Heart-Attack_UCM_002039_Article.jsp#.WqAPGTjrtv4 30 Complications Kidney Disease Complications - Stroke HBP damages blood vessels Kidneys can t remove wastes/fluid Symptoms: edema, fatigue, headaches, change in urination, weight loss, chest pain Blood vessel in brain blocked or ruptures Death of brain tissue Effects depend on location weakness, paralysis, vision, language, memory showing_how_the_kidneys_work_cruk_138.svg 31 Image:

9 Stroke Warning Signs Get Regular Blood Pressure Checks Face drooping Arm weakness Speech difficulty Time to call 911 Image: Measuring BP Clinical setting Proper procedure White coat HTN Home BP monitoring Need instruction Annual validation of machine J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017; doi: /j.jacc Home BP Monitoring: Tips for Accurate Readings Use validated and calibrated upper arm monitor, w/proper cuff size. Don t smoke, exercise, drink caffeinated beverages or alcohol within 30 min. Rest in chair at least 5 min, feet flat, back supported. Take at least two readings. Image: Shutterstock.com # Image: Shutterstock.com #

10 Using Technology to Track Your Blood Pressure Michael S. Gutter, Ph.D. Associate Dean for Extension & State Program Leader for 4-H Youth Development, Families and Communities University of Florida #ufifas_fcs How do apps (your phone) take blood pressure readings? Instant Blood Pressure provides an estimate of blood pressure only. Furthermore, traditional automated upper-arm blood pressure monitors are currently more accurate and provide blood pressure readings over a greater range than Instant Blood Pressure. Supports Systolic: Diastolic Not ideal for those who may fall outside of this range. 37 Taken from disclosures at instantbloodpressure.com 38 What do they do? Instantbloodpressure.com Most smartphones will just measure heart rate So if they are estimating blood pressure, it is based on an algorithm; this leaves room for error Recommended to use some additional hardware

11 What do they do? Some are good systems for tracking, but require manual input note most connect to medical device. If they do not do so, they often require manual entry Some Reviewed Apps for Monitoring Blood Pressure Monitor- Family Lite Blood Pressure Companion Easy to use tracker, reminders to enter information Smart Blood Pressure Easy to use tracker, provides BMI up front? Some things to consider Ease of information entry Usefulness of basic views and charts, do they provide insights? Do they remind you to check your BP? Do they allow for entering other biometrics Weight, height, diet, blood glucose Can you easily share the information E.g. via to your doctor, a spouse Does the information back up? To their database, to the icloud? Your google drive? Dropbox?

12 Resources What add-ons are there? Do you actually need them? Ratings of course are important as well For most, free may be all that is really needed to achieve the monitoring goal American Heart Association American Stroke Association Go Red for Women