scaffolds I N S E C T S OVER THE HUMP IN THIS ISSUE... Update on Pest Management and Crop Development ORCHARD RADAR DIGEST

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1 scaffolds F R July 19, 2010 I S C T S U OVR TH HUMP I T J Update on Pest Management and Crop Development O U VOLUM 19, o. 18 R ORCHARD RADAR DIGST Roundheaded Appletree Borer Peak hatch roughly: June 29 to July 18. Dogwood Borer Peak hatch roughly: July 22. Codling Moth Codling moth development as of July 19: 2nd generation adult emergence at 39% and 2nd generation egg hatch at 8%. 2nd generation 7% CM egg hatch: July 19 (= target date for first spray where multiple sprays needed to control 2nd generation CM). 2nd generation 30% CM egg hatch: July 27 (= target date where one spray needed to control 2nd generation codling moth). Oriental Fruit Moth 2nd generation - second treatment date, if needed: July 12. I THIS ISSU... ISCTS v Orchard Radar v Model Building v Midsummer insects Spotted Tentiform Leafminer Optimum third sample date for 2nd generation STLM sapfeeding mines, if needed, is: July 23. GRAL IFO v vents reminder White Apple Leafhopper 2nd generation WAL found on apple foliage: July 23. FILD OTS v Regional trap catches ISCT TRAP CATCHS UPCOMIG PST VTS 1 A L Geneva, Y

2 scaffolds o.18 July 19, 2010 MODL BUILDIG Following are the available readings as of today. Insect model degree day accumulations: Codling Moth (1st targeted spray application at newly hatching larvae of the 2nd generation, predicted at DD base 50 F after 1st adult catch of the 1st generation): Date Date DD (50 F) 1260 DD 1370 DD Location (Weather Sta.) Biofix July 19 reached reached Highland May July 15 - Burnt Hills (Glens Falls) May Marlboro May July 15 - Modena (Clintondale) May ewfield (Cornell Orch) May Waterport May July 16 - Hilton (Waterport) May July 16 - Lincoln (Farmington) May Lyndonville May Granville (Clifton Park) May Altamont (Guilderland) May Lafayette May Sodus May Wolcott (Sodus) May Chazy May Peru (South Hero, VT) May Alton (Williamson) June [OT: Consult our insect pest predictions on the WA Apple Insect Models web page: pest Find accumulated degree days for the current date with the Degree Day Calculator: Powered by the YS IPM Program s WA weather data and ACIS, ortheast Regional Climate Center] scaffolds is published weekly from March to September by Cornell University YS Agricultural xperiment Station (Geneva) and Ithaca with the assistance of Cornell Cooperative xtension. ew York field reports welcomed. Send submissions by 3 pm Monday to: scaffolds FRUIT JOURAL Dept. of ntomology YSAS, Barton Laboratory Geneva, Y Phone: FAX: mail: ama4@cornell.edu ditors: A. Agnello, D. Kain This newsletter available online at: cornell.edu/ent/scaffolds/ 2

3 scaffolds o. 18 July 19, 2010 COVR UP DO T GT BURD (Art Agnello, ntomology, Geneva) vv We re arguably past the midpoint of the summer season now, especially if you follow the orchard calendar rather than the paper one hanging on the wall, so it s only natural for everyone to begin paying less attention to the arthropod pests that have either been with us for too long already or may yet make an appearance, but there are still a few to be aware of, including some that have been covered in previous issues. uropean Red Mite There have already been a number of sites identified with some impressively growing red mite populations in this warmer-than-normal summer, even with some foliar bronzing damage showing up, and we re not done yet. Keep an eye on your foliar populations, using the 5.0 motiles-per-leaf threshold that we recommend during July, in case there is a need for any mid-season miticide applications (see p. 74 in the Recommends); Acramite, Kanemite, exter, Portal and Zeal are all good choices for later-season infestations. Twospotted spider mite can also show up at this time of year, and has a tendency to increase its numbers in response to high temperatures even more rapidly than RM. Apple Maggot The next two weeks traditionally see the heaviest flight of this pest in commercial orchards, but we re advancing our apple maggot notice a week earlier because of the advanced season, plus the ample moisture from frequent rains, all of which will promote successful adult emergence of adults from their developmental sites in the soil. Diligent attention to either your protective sprays (in blocks that are perennially high-population areas) or monitoring traps (in blocks that are hard to predict) would be advised. Comstock Mealybug In pears especially, this begins the period of greatest migration of 2nd generation nymphs into the fruit calyx, where they will be concealed until detected as unpleasant surprises at packinghouse inspections postharvest. Blocks with mealybug issues should receive a protective spray of Actara, Assail, Centaur, Diazinon, Movento, Portal, Diazinon, or Provado; Calypso applied for internal worms should also be effective. In apples, infestations tend to result in blooms of sooty mold, particularly over the bottom half of fruits; choices here are restricted to Assail, Centaur, Movento, Portal, plus whatever incidental control you might obtain from Calypso sprays for internal leps. Woolly Apple Aphid If you failed to prevent their migration from the lower trunk areas in June, there could be aerial colonies evident in canopies now. This is a difficult pest to control completely, but now will be better than later in the month. The best material we have available (still) is Diazinon; Movento and Thionex are other, possibly less effective, options. Assail and Beleaf are also labeled for this pest, but we have no efficacy data on these particular products. Alternatively, if you re not on a captan program, a summer horticultural mineral oil application, using as much water as you can manage, has been shown to be effective. Oriental Fruit Moth & Codling Moth The earliest feeding injury from the second generation larvae should be starting to become noticeable in problem blocks (apples and peaches). By next week, most western Y sites will reach the 1260 DD mark corresponding to the preferred spray window for contacting the first 20% or so of the hatching second brood CM larvae. And OFM 2nd brood emergence is under way, so an application against these larvae is advised in problem sites. continued... 3

4 scaffolds o. 18 July 19, 2010 Japanese Beetle These have become our entrenched companions until mid-august, so it s mainly a matter of keeping a diligent eye on your trees to try to stem the amount of damage they can do. In stone fruits, protective insecticides include: Assail, Leverage,Provado, Sevin, and Voliam Xpress; in apples: Assail, Calypso, Sevin, and Voliam Xpress. vv Comstock mealybug nymphs in apple calyx F I L D O T S Regional Trap umbers Week nding 7/19, Avg o./trap Location/County Date Lyndonville/Orleans Waterport/Orleans Hilton/Monroe Lincoln/Wayne Sodus-Lakesite/Wayne 7/15 Sodus-Inland/Wayne 7/15 Alton/Wayne Wolcott/Wayne ewfield/tompkins 7/12 Lafayette/Onondaga Chazy/Clinton Valcour/Clinton Peru/Clinton Granville/Washington Burnt Hills/Saratoga Altamont/Albany Modena/Ulster 7/14 Marlboro/Ulster 7/14 Accord/Ulster 7/19 STLM OFM LAW CM OBLR AM

5 scaffolds o. 18 July 19, 2010 G R A L PLAT FULL VT RMIDR vv Cornell Fruit Field Days, July RGISTRATIO DADLI JULY 21 Cornell University will host the 2010 Fruit Field Days at the ew York State Agricultural xperiment Station in Geneva, Y, on Wednesday and Thursday, July 28 & 29, from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. each day. Grapes and berry fruits will be the focus on July 28, and tree fruits will be covered on July 29. Following is a revised list of the scheduled presentations on the various fruit research being conducted by Cornell faculty, staff and extension specialists: I F O Wednesday, July 28 8:00-8:15, Registration 8:30-9:30, Darrow Farm McDermott - Reduced till approach to strawberry management Weber - Cultivation tools for planting year weed management in matted row Cox - Blueberry virus survey initiatives for Y Carroll - Results of a survey of blueberry plantings for canker diseases 9:30-12:00, Robbins Farm Weber - High tunnel raspberries I: Production basics Weber - High tunnel raspberries II: Variety comparisons Loeb - Bramble pest management in high tunnels Loeb - Validating temperature model to predict phenology of grape berry moth Wilcox - Grape diseases Landers - Adjusting airflow and monitoring spray volume on canopy sprayers 12:00-1:00, Lunch 1:00-2:00, Visit Sponsors 2:00-3:00, Research Farm orth Loeb - Trap crop to manage damage from tarnihsed plant bug in strawberry Heidenreich - Phase II complete for Cornell Fruit Website Heidenreich - Cornell Berry Tool: One Stop Shop for berry pest management 3:00-4;00, Crittenden Farm Moyer - Grape powdery mildew: Predicting fruit disease severity Gadoury - ew information on controlling strawberry powdery mildew Vanden Heuvel - Coordinated wine grape variety evaluations in the eastern USA McKay - Ribes, elderberry and Aronia production for ew York 4:00-5:00, Loomis Farm Burr - Crown gall indexing for grape Lakso - Variability in environment and physiology of grapevines Carroll - Weather stations for WA Cheng - itrogen management to improve yeast available nitrogen in Riesling 5 continued...

6 scaffolds o. 18 July 19, 2010 Thursday, July 29 8:00-8:15, Registration 8:30-10:00, Research Farm South Brown Apple breeding and genetic studies at Cornell University Robinson - The Tall Spindle apple orchard system Bellinder - Development of new herbicides in established trees Robinson - Chemical thinning and return bloom of apple Robinson - Promising new apple rootstocks Cheng - utritional requirements for high density apple trees 10:00-12:00, Darrow Farm Cox - Apple scab management in a DMI-resistant orchard Rosenberger - Options for applying postharvest treatments on apples Landers - Adjusting airflow and monitoring spray volume on canopy sprayers 12:00-1:00, Lunch 1:00-2:00, Visit Sponsors 2:00-3:10, Loomis Farm Carroll - Bacterial canker of sweet cherry Robinson - High density systems for growing sweet cherries in Y Robinson - Super high-density systems for sweet cherries under tunnels 3:10-3:40, Research Farm orth Aldwinckle - Factors affecting fire blight infection of apple rootstocks 3:40-5:10, Research Farm South Breth - 3-year large scale mating disruption of codling moth in Y Lakso - Weather and carbohydrate relations to optimize chemical thinning Lakso - Optimizing irrigation needs in Y apple orchards Xu - Apple genetic/genomic studies at YSAS 5:10-5:40, Lucey Farm Robinson - High density pear training systems and rootstocks Pre-registration is required, and can be done either online (via credit card) or by mailing in a check plus the registration form. Both registration methods, are available through the YSAS web page ( and the Cornell Fruit web page ( OT: Registration Deadline is Wednesday July 21. The cost of registration is $15 per person for single-day attendance and $25 for both days; lunch will be provided each day. For sponsorship and exhibitor information, contact Debbie Breth at or dib1@cornell.edu. ote also that this event is being held in conjunction with the IFTA (International Fruit Tree Association) ew York Study Tour. This event includes a bus tour to Orleans County on Wednesday; a tour in the Geneva area on Thursday; and a bus tour to Wayne County on Friday. Attendees may stay in Rochester,.Y., on Tuesday evening, July 27. The group will be staying in Geneva on Wednesday evening, July 28, and Thursday evening, July 29. On Friday afternoon, July 30, after the tours in Wayne County, the tour will return to Rochester. For more information, please visit or call To register, please visit vv 6

7 scaffolds o. 18 July 19, 2010 WAY COUTY FRUITGROWR TOUR Wednesday, August 11, from 10:30 am Registration and 1st stop at Wafler Farms & ursery new storage facility vv Sponsored by agr.assistance, this large, informative and entertaining tour is in its 12th year, and will feature presentations on apple storage; PGR, return bloom and nutritional developments; updates on apple disease, insect, and deer control; orchard fertility; bitter pit; herbicide options, plus much more. Door prizes, lunch, high (and low) humor, BBQ/clambake dinner with a live band, growers and industry representatives from Y and surrounding states tough to beat on a midsummer day. Free attendance. Contact Lindsay LaMora ( ; lindsaylamora@agrassistance.com) for RSVP pre-registration and tour information. vv CORLL FRUIT PST COTROL FILD DAY vv We re about 7 weeks away from the annual.y. Fruit Pest Control Field Day, which will take place during Labor Day week on Sept. 8 and 9 this year, following longstanding tradition. These dates fall on the Wednesday and Thursday of the week, with the Geneva installment taking place first (Wednesday Sept. 8), and the Hudson Valley installment on the second day (Thursday Sept. 9). Activities will commence in Geneva on the 8th, with registration, coffee, etc., in the lobby of Barton Lab at 8:30 am. The tour will proceed to the orchards to view plots and preliminary data from field trials involving new fungicides, bactericides, miticides, and insecticides on tree fruits and grapes. It is anticipated that the tour of field plots will be completed by noon. On the 9th, participants will register at the Hudson Valley Laboratory starting at 8:30, after which they will view and discuss results from field trials on apples and other fruit crops. o pre-registration is required for either event.vv Geneva, Y ISCT TRAP CATCHS (umber/trap/day) Highland, Y 7/12 7/15 7/19 7/12 7/19 Redbanded leafroller 0.1 Redbanded leafroller Spotted tentiform leafminer Spotted tentiform leafminer Oriental fruit moth Oriental fruit moth Lesser appleworm 0.2 Lesser appleworm American plum borer Codling moth Lesser peachtree borer 0.1 Obliquebanded leafroller 0.9 San Jose scale 1.4* Apple maggot Obliquebanded leafroller Peachtree borer Apple maggot * first catch 7

8 scaffolds o. 18 July 19, 2010 UPCOMIG PST VTS 43 F 50 F Current DD accumulations (Geneva 1/1 7/19/10): (Geneva 1/1 7/19/2009): (Geneva "ormal"): (Geneva 1/1 7/26 predicted): (Highland 3/1 7/19/10): Coming vents: Ranges (ormal ±StDev): Spotted tentiform leafminer 2nd flight subsides Spotted tentiform leafminer 3rd flight begins American plum borer 2nd flight peak Codling moth 2nd flight begins Codling moth 2nd flight peak Comstock mealybug 2nd gen. crawlers emerge Comstock mealybug 2nd gen. crawlers peak Oriental fruit moth 3rd flight begins Redbanded leafroller 2nd flight subsides San Jose scale 2nd flight peak Apple maggot 1st oviposition punctures Apple maggot flight peak Dogwood borer flight peak (Wayne County) Lesser appleworm 2nd flight peak Obliquebanded leafroller 2nd flight begins OT: very effort has been made to provide correct, complete and up-to-date pesticide recommendations. evertheless, changes in pesticide regulations occur constantly, and human errors are possible. These recommendations are not a substitute for pesticide labelling. Please read the label before applying any pesticide. This material is based upon work supported by Smith Lever funds from the Cooperative State Research, ducation, and xtension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. 8