Table of Contents. List of Contributors xiii. Preface xv. Section I Non-Pregnant Mare. 1 Reproductive Evaluation of the Mare 3 Patrick M.

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1 Table of Contents List of Contributors xiii Preface xv Section I Non-Pregnant Mare 1 Reproductive Evaluation of the Mare 3 2 Teasing 6 3 TailWrap and Preparation/Washing of the Perineum 9 4 Placement of a Tail Rope 14 5 Perineal Conformation Evaluation 17 6 Removal of a Persistent Hymen 20 7 Palpation of the Reproductive Tract of the Non-Pregnant Mare 22 8 Ultrasound Evaluation of the Non-Pregnant Mare 26 9 Prediction of Ovulation Speculum Examination of the Vagina Digital Examination of the Vagina/Cervix 38 Sofie Sitters

2 12 Uterine Culture Collection: Swab/Brush Antimicrobiotic Sensitivity Testing 44 Jillian Bishop and 14 Microbiology: Microbial Culture 46 and Jillian Bishop 15 Microbiology: Gram Stain 51 Jillian Bishop and 16 qpcr Assay for the Diagnosis of Infectious Endometritis 53 Ryan A. Ferris and 17 Uterine Cytology Collection: Swab/Brush 58 and Ryan A. Ferris 18 Uterine Culture/Cytology: Low Volume Lavage Endometrial Biopsy Hysteroscopic Examination of the Uterus Endometrial Cyst Removal Chromosomal Analysis 77 Teri L. Lear 23 Endocrinological Examination Laparoscopic Examination of the Uterus and Ovaries 85 Fausto Bellezzo 25 Evaluation of the Mammary Gland Antisperm Antibody Testing 91

3 27 Starch Granule Test for the Evaluation of Oviductal Patency 93 Sofie Sitters and 28 Fluorescent Microspheres Test for Evaluation of Oviductal Patency 95 Sofie Sitters and 29 Oviductal Flush Procedure for the Evaluation of Oviductal Patency 97 Sofie Sitters and 30 Prostaglandin E2 Treatment for Blocked Oviducts 100 and Sofie Sitters 31 Uterine Lavage Uterine Infusion Restraint for Breeding Natural Service: Pasture Breeding Natural Service: In-hand Breeding 114 Charles F. Scoggin 36 Breeding Stitches 117 Charles F. Scoggin 37 Reinforcement Breeding 119 Charles F. Scoggin 38 Breeding with Fresh or Cooled Semen 121 and 39 Insemination Through a Vaginal Speculum Breeding with Frozen Semen Deep Horn Insemination 131

4 42 Hysteroscopic (Low Dose) Insemination Caslick Operation or Vulvoplasty Contagious Equine Metritis Testing Management of Seasonal Anestrus: Artificial Photoperiod Management of Seasonal Anestrus: Hormone Therapy Hormone Therapy in Cycling Mares Estrus Suppression Use of an Intrauterine Ball in Estrus Suppression Harvesting and Shipping Ovaries for Oocyte Recovery 161 Section II Pregnant Mare 51 Embryo Collection Embryo Evaluation Embryo Biopsy Embryo Packaging for Cooled Transport Embryo Cryopreservation Non-Surgical Embryo Transfer 182

5 57 Palpation of the Pregnant Mare Per Rectum 185 Sofie Sitters 58 Ultrasound Examination of the Pregnant Mare Speculum Examination of the Pregnant Mare 193 Sofie Sitters 60 Ultrasound Determination of Fetal Sex 195 Richard D. Holder 61 Assessment of Fetal Well-being Combined Thickness of the Uterus and Placenta Doppler Ultrasonography Prediction of Fetal Age Twin Reduction: Manual Technique Twin Reduction: Transvaginal Aspiration Twin Reduction: Cranio-Cervical Dislocation 222 Sofie Sitters and Karen Wolfsdorf 68 Twin Reduction: Transabdominal Fetal Cardiac Puncture Elective Termination of Pregnancy Abortion Diagnostic Evaluation: Sample Collection in the Field and Submission 232 Julie T. Cecere and 71 Endocrine Evaluation of Pregnancy 235

6 72 Treatment of Vaginal Varicosities Manual Correction of Uterine Torsion Preparation of the Mare for Foaling Assessment of Mammary Gland Secretions to Predict Foaling Assessment of ph of Mammary Gland Secretions to Predict Foaling Monitoring of Peri-Parturient Mares Using Video and Web Cameras 256 Ryan A. Ferris and Etta A. Bradecamp 78 Foaling Alert: Vulvar Device Positional Labor Alert Devices 261 Etta A. Bradecamp and Ryan A. Ferris 80 Induction of Parturition Premature Separation of the Placenta Dystocia Management 270 and Sofie Sitters 83 Dystocia Correction Fetotomy Epidural Induction of Lactation to Create a Nurse Mare 287

7 87 Screening the Pregnant Mare to Prevent Neonatal Isoerythrolysis 289 Section III Postpartum Mare 88 Evaluation of Colostrum Specific Gravity Evaluation of Colostrum Quality: Brix Refractometry Colostrum Banking Obtaining Milk from the Mare Placental Evaluation Removal of Retained Placenta Abdominocentesis in the Postpartum Mare Uterine Prolapse Treatment Buhner Needle Placement of a Perivulvar Suture 317 Section IV Stallion 97 Breeding Soundness Evaluation of the Stallion Training of a Stallion to Use a Phantom Missouri Artificial Vagina 329

8 100 Colorado Model Artificial Vagina Roanoke Artificial Vagina Hannover Artificial Vagina 340 Sofie Sitters 103 Teaser Stallions 342 Charles F. Scoggin 104 Standing Semen Collection Chemical Ejaculation Preparation of a Jump Mare or a Mare for Natural Cover Washing the Penis Evaluation of Sexual Behavior in the Stallion Calibrated Spectrophotometer Evaluation of Sperm Concentration Hemocytometer Evaluation of Sperm Concentration NucleoCounter Evaluation of Sperm Concentration and Viability Visual Evaluation of Sperm Motility Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis Eosin-Nigrosin Staining in the Evaluation of Sperm 373 Julie T. Cecere

9 115 Evaluation of Sperm Morphology 377 Leonardo Brito 116 Determination of Daily Sperm Output Measurement of Testicular Size and Estimation of Daily Sperm Output Wet Mount Evaluation of Sperm Diff-Quik Evaluation of Round Cells and Sperm Electron Microscopy of Semen 394 D. N. Rao Veeramachaneni 121 Bacterial Culture in the Stallion Evaluation of ph and Osmolarity of Semen Alkaline Phosphatase: A Marker for Ejaculation Diagnosis and Management of Urospermia Semen Extenders and Sperm Media Preparation of Semen for Cooled Transport 409 Etta A. Bradecamp 127 Packing Semen for Cooled Transport 412 Etta A. Bradecamp 128 Longevity Testing of Sperm Calculation of g Force for Centrifuging Semen 421

10 130 Centrifugation of Semen: Standard Technique 424 Etta A. Bradecamp 131 Centrifugation of Semen: Cushion Technique 429 Etta A. Bradecamp 132 Centrifugation of Semen: Selection of Motile Sperm Using a Single Layer Colloid Technique 433 Etta A. Bradecamp 133 Semen Freezing Thawing Frozen Semen Preparing a Vapor Shipper 444 Julie T. Cecere 136 Loading a Vapor Shipper 448 Julie T. Cecere,, and 137 Maintaining a Long-Term Frozen Semen Storage Tank Harvesting and Shipping Testes Epididymal Sperm Recovery Endoscopic Examination of the Urethra Palpation and Ultrasonography of the Testis, Epididymis, and Spermatic Cord 461 Sofie Sitters 142 Palpation and Ultrasonography of the Accessory Sex Glands 466 Sofie Sitters 143 Radiographic Examination of the Penis Testicular Biopsy and Aspiration 473

11 145 Assessment of Sperm Plasma Membrane Integrity and Viability: Propidium Iodide/SYBR Amanda I. Glazar 146 Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay 478 Charles Love 147 Hypo-Osmotic Swelling Test Assessment of Sperm Acrosomal Status: FITC PNA 483 Amanda I. Glazar 149 Assessment of Sperm Mitochondrial Function: JC-1 and Rhodamine Amanda I. Glazar 150 Equine Viral Arteritis Testing 488 G. Reed Holyoak 151 Diagnostic Endocrinology: Baseline Hormone Levels Diagnostic Endocrinology: GnRH Stimulation Tests Diagnostic Endocrinology: hcg Stimulation Test Diagnostic Endocrinology: Estrogen Conjugate Assay Probang Apparatus 501 Julie T. Cecere 156 Support Apparatus for Paraphimosis 504 Section V Newborn Foal 157 Birth Resuscitation Evaluation of Passive Transfer Colostral Administration via Naso-Gastric Intubation 518

12 160 Routine Care Foal Rejection 527 Section VI Appendices Appendix 1 Society for Theriogenology Stallion Reproductive Evaluation Form 533 Appendix 2 Mare Breeding Soundness Evaluation Form 537 Appendix 3 Formulary for Equine Reproduction 540 Appendix 4 Foaling Kit and Associated Equipment and Supplies 549 Index 551

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