Written re-exam Bachelor in Medicine/MedIS. Exam date: Time: 09:00-11:00. Important information:

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1 Written re-exam 2015 Course title: Programme: Semester: Reproductive endocrinology Bachelor in Medicine/MedIS 4 semester Exam date: Time: 09:00-11:00 Evaluation form 7-point scale Important information: Remember to bring your student identification card Remember to put your student number not your name and cpr no on all sheets that you hand in for evaluation (if written exam) Remember to hand in the assignment if you leave the exam before it has ended No written aid, PC, mobile phone or any form of communication are allowed during exam The exam or part of the exam may be in English (please note that dictionaries will not be provided) Your paper must be handed in on paper in hand written form Take time to organize your thoughts so that you write logically and explain processes in proper order. Try to be succinct. Don t write information, which is not pertinent to the question. You don t need additional paper, there is plenty of space on the exam sets. Write legibly. Indicate the answers by letters rather than crosses. 1

2 1 Name six basic approaches to treat erectile dysfunction. 1. PDE inhibitor (Viagra, Sildenafil) 2. Prostaglandin E1 (Alprostadil) 3. Vacuum pump/ring 4. Penile prosthesis 5. Vascular surgery 6. Lifestyle changes (smoking, alcohol, sleep, stress, exercise), Electrostimulation/vibration, alpha-blockers (phentolamine), testosterone Max points : 6 2 On what molecule the phosphodiesterase in penis exerts its effect to counteract erection? cgmp Max points : 1 3 Name the receptor-receptor and receptor-ligand interactions involved in blastocyst attachment and invasion Attachment Receptor: selectin Receptor: carbohydrate of CAM Invasion Receptor: integrin Ligand: fibronectin, laminin Max points : 4 2

3 4 Name structures that pass through foramen obturatum. A. Obturatoria, v. obturatoria, n. obturatorius Max points : 3 5 Which of the muscles below participate on the external (lateral) rotation of the hip A M. gluteus maximus B Gemelli muscles B C M. obturatorius int. C D M. quadratus femoris D E M. iliopsoas F M. piriformis F G M. obturatorius ext. G H M. adductor Max points : 5 6 Name the most important side effects associated with abuse of anabolic steroids in men. 1. Atrophy of testis, defective spermatogenesis, decrease in fertility 2. Gynecomastia, prostate hypertrophy/cancer 3. Acne, oily skin, alopecia, excess of facial and/or body hair 4. Cardiovascular complications (high blood pressure, heart attack, stroke, high LDL) 5. Liver disease, liver cancer 6. Change in behavior (irritability, aggression, mania, delusions) Erectile dysfunction, reduced/increased libido, stunt growth in teens Fatigue, headache, muscle joint pain; night sweating, water retention, bloating of body and face as estrogen effect or hot flashes, dizziness, nausea, vomiting as a result of anti-estrogens are minor side effects and should not be credited. Reduced/increased libido, stunt growth in teens Max points : 6 3

4 7 Identify the principal layers of the uterine tube and describe their histology. 1. Tunica mucosa: columnar ciliated/secretory epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria 2. Tunica muscularis: circular and longitudinal 3. Tunica serosa: mesothelium, loose connective tissue Max points : 9 8 Female reproductive system. Answer the questions below. 1. What is the feature in the micrograph? junction/trasition/squamocolumnar zone 2. Where is it located? cervix uteri 3. In what the zones A and B differ? A, covered by columnar epithelium; B, covered by nonkeratinizing stratified squamous epithelium Max points : 3 4

5 9 Which two bones form the foramen obturatum? 1. Os pubis 2. Os ischium Max points : 2 10 Which structure secretes a serous milky substance with an alkaline ph that helps sperm survive the acidic environment? A. Prostate gland A B. Cowper gland C. Seminal vesicles D. Sertoli cells E. Epididymis Max point : 1 Obtained point 11 The broad ligament of the uterus is a double layer of peritoneum which is closely associated with all of the following except: A. Ureter A B. Ovarian Ligament C. Uterine tube D. Round Ligament E. Uterine Artery Max point : 1 Obtained point 12 Normal prostate will appear by rectal exploration as: A Hard, irregular and lumpy. Ca. 8 x 8 x 2 cm B Hard, irregular and lumpy. Ca 3 x 3 x 2 cm C Firm, symmetric and elastic. Ca. 4 x 3 x 2 cm C D Soft, symmetric and pliable. Ca. 4 x 3 x 2 cm E Soft, symmetric and elastic. Ca. 4 x 3 x 2 cm Max point: 1 Opnåede point 5

6 13 Topic: Developmental vestiges Options: A Gartner s cyst B Paroophoron C Epoophoron D Utriculus prostaticus E Appendix testis F Appendix epididymis G Paradidymis Lead in: For each of the items below identify the most appropriate item/items from the list above. Mesonephros A, B, C, F, G Paramesonephros D, E, Max points: 7 14 Describe molecular structure and function of the sperm flagellum microtubuli and the axoneme. 1. Tubulin heterodimer subunits per microtubul circumference 3. 9 doublets + central 4. Dynein sliding motion 5. Growth from centriol Max points : 5 15 Male reproductive system. Answer the question and identify all labeled 6

7 structures. The section from what organ is shown in the figure? Seminal vesicle 1. Tunica adventitia 2. Tunica muscularis 3. Tunica mucosa 4. Secret Max points : 5 16 Tunica vaginalis is a remnant of which one of the following? A Ovary descent B Testis descent B C Kidney ascent D Mesonephros E Paramesonephros Max points : 1 17 Male and female reproductive system 7

8 Options: A Ovary B Uterine tube C Uterus D Testis E Epididymis F Ductus deferens G Seminal vesicle H Prostate I Penis Lead in: For each of the micrographs below identify the most appropriate designation from the list above. E F I 8

9 B Max points: 4 9

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