UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN ANATOMY

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1 UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN ANATOMY ANNUAL REPORT, 2014 The year 2014 was again eventful. The department has continued to emphasize on quality in service delivery. Our research agenda continues to place the Department on the global anatomy map while our students benefitted from innovations in learning and embraced e-histology, digital anatomy and the skills courses. We have done well as a team and hopefully, 2015 will present even more exciting opportunities to do better. 1. TEACHING AND ASSESSMENTS 1.1 Undergraduate programs We received 583 new students in January (357 Medicine, 36 in Dentistry, 83 in Pharmacy, 73 in Nursing and 34 in Medical laboratory programs) and examined them in August A second intake of 595 students (MBChB 313, BParm 96, BDS 44, BScN 95, BSc (MLT) 47) in September 2014 will go till May, 2015 The August End of year results are shown in Table 1 below. January 2014 to August 2014 MBChB.BDS BPharm BScN Distinctions Credits Passes Fail Incomplete/ Deferred/transferred

2 The intercalated BSc program in the year recruited three students into the program: (i) Brian Kariuki: Research project: Age and gender influence on the structure of the gall bladder (ii) Brian Wambua Research project: Gender dimorphism of the patella tendon (iii) Nelson Mpekethu Research project: Topography and structural organization of the intraabdominal part of the testicular artery They were all awarded 1 st class honors degrees after a rigorous training and examination process. The external examiner was Prof. Amadi from the University of Witswatersrand, South Africa. 1.2 Postgraduate programs MSc Anatomy Three MSc Anatomy students successfully defended their thesis during the year and were awarded the degree: (i) Anne Pulei Project: Influence of Parity on Uterine Structure in Pregnant Rabbits: A Light Microscopy and Immunohistochemical Study (ii) Beda Olabu Project: Structural Changes in the Rabbit Penile Architecture in induced hypogonadism (iii) Phillip Mwachaka Project: Histomorphometric Changes in the Rabbit Neural Retina following Monocular Deprivation M.Med (Surgery) Fifty one students who joined different Masters in Surgery and OMF programs reported to the Department in September Forty five presented themselves for the end of year examinations in August and posted the following results: Passes 27 students Fails 18 students 2

3 1.2.3 PhD in Anatomy One PhD Anatomy candidate successfully defended their thesis during the year and was awarded the degree (i) Moses Obimbo - Research project: Correlation of Structure, Estrogen And Estrogen Receptor Distribution in The Uterine Artery of The Domestic Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) Doctorate of Medicine One MD candidate successfully defended his thesis during the year and was awarded MD degree of the University of Nairobi (i) Julius Ogeng o - Research project: Pattern of Complications And Anatomical Risk Factors For Atherosclerosis Among Black Kenyans 2. COURSE EVALUATION BY STUDENTS: Students got another chance to rate their instructors and professors on professionalism, knowledge, presentation skills, interaction with students and communication skills. There were two categories of evaluations, both were online and the results were shared with the teachers. 2.1 Evaluation of dissection This was done on a weekly basis where the table leaders give a report of the demonstrators and teaching staff who attended to them during the week 2.2 Evaluation of teaching staff This was done at the end of the semester. The mean score at the end of the year was 76%. 3

4 3. SCHOLARLY AND CREATIVE ACTIVITIES 3.1 Kimani s text and atlas The Kimani s text and atlas project in histology was finally published. The academic staff have also completed the online material for histology and these are currently in use. 3.2 E-learning modules of microscopic anatomy The Modules Three modules of microscopic anatomy teaching on e-learning platform were also uploaded and is actively running. These are: Module I: Cytology and Basic Histology Module II: Integument and Integration systems Module III: Respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive and urogenital systems These three modules are available for the following classes: a. MBChB b. BDS c. B.Pharm d. BSc Nursing e. M.Med Surgery The MSc Anatomy students access the M.Med modules while the BSc Anatomy students access the MBChB modules Online Histology exercises There are ongoing weekly histology exercises related to the histology modules that the students do. A student is expected to read the content of the module a week before the practical. At the end of their reading the students is supposed to attempt an online exercise which is automatically marked by the system and the results posted real-time both to the students and the administrators privately. A student is expected to get at least 15/20 to attend the practical. 4

5 3.3 Digital systems in the laboratories The Department has also completed the installation of Gross Anatomy and histology laboratories with LED/Plasma screens for digital teaching. We acquired a HD camera system to facilitate digital teaching and have installed and implemented a biometric student logging system. 3.4 Curriculum development and revision The following curricula have been approved at the Department and await discussions from the level of the school and college. a) BSc Anatomy (Revision) b) MSc Anatomy (Revision) c) PhD Anatomy (New) d) Intercalated PhD Anatomy (New) e) Intercalated MSc Anatomy (New), f) Diploma Course Mortuary Science & Practice (New). 3.5 Nairobi Surgical Skills Center The number of courses held at the NSSC between January and December a) 35 external courses with 638 trainees b) 1 internal course (5 th year medical students) with 329 trainees 3.6 Research and Publications Publications in referred journals/book chapters/thesis abstracts 1. Histomorphometric Changes in the Rabbit Neural Retina following Monocular Deprivation (Dr. Philip Maseghe Mwachaka MSc thesis) 2. Influence of Parity on Uterine Structure in Pregnant Rabbits: A Light Microscopy And Immunohistochemical Study (Dr. Anne Naipanoi Pulei MSc thesis) 3. Structural Changes in The Rabbit Penile Architecture In Induced hypogonadism (Dr. Beda Otieno Olabu MSc Thesis) 4. Correlation Of Structure, Estrogen And Estrogen Receptor Distribution in The Uterine Artery of The Domestic Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) (Dr. Moses Obimbo Madadi) PhD thesis 5

6 5. Pattern of Complications And Anatomical Risk Factors For Atherosclerosis Among Black Kenyans (Prof. Julius Alexander Ogeng o MD thesis) 6. Awori K, Kigera J (2014) Connective Tissue. In Saidi H, Ongeti K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds).kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, (pp 19-28), Nairobi 7. Awori K (2014) Cartilage. In Saidi H, Ongeti K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds) Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, (pp 29-33), Nairobi 8. Butt F, Ongeti K Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds).cytology. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual (pp 6-13), Nairobi 9. El-Busaidy H, Hassanali J, Kaisha W, Hassan S, Ogeng o J & Ndung u B. Prevalence of Abnormal Sternal Angles in a Kenyan Population. Anat Physiol 2014, 4:1 10. Fawzia Butt, Guthua SW, Edalia B Tranoral retrieval of a displaced mandibular tooth in the parapharyngeal space: a patient with unusual findings (pg ) 11. Gichangi P (2014) Female Reproductive System. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, , Nairobi 12. Gikenye G, Ongeti K. Awori K (2014) Bone. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds).kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, (pp 34-39), Nairobi 13. Hassan Saidi, Benson Mutiso. Injury outcomes in Elderly Patients Admitted at an Urban African Hospital. Surgical Sciences, 2013, Jeremiah Munguti, Paul Odula, Kirsteen Awori, Julius Ogeng'o, Mercy Sammy Variant Anatomy Of The Right Portal Vein In A Black Kenyan Population ( ) 15. Julius Ogeng o. The Research Value of Cadaver Dissection. Anatomy Journal of Africa 2014, 3 (3): Julius A Ogeng o, Musa Misiani, Adel Malek, Martin Inyimili, Acleus Murunga, Kevin Ongeti Variant Termination of the Common Carotid Artery: Cases of Quadrifurcation and Pentafurcation. Anatomy Journal of Africa 2014, 3(3): Julius A Ogeng o, Adel K Malek. Heterogeneity of Smooth Muscle Cells in Tunica Media of Aorta in Goat (Capra hircus) Anatomy Journal of Africa, 2014, 3(3): Julius A. Ogeng o, Musa K. Misiani*, Beda O. Olabu, Bethleen M. Waisiko and Acleus Murunga. Variant termination of the left coronary artery: pentafurcation is not uncommon Eur. J. Anat. 18 (2): (2014). 6

7 19. Julius A Ogeng o, Musa Misiani, Beda O Olabu and Martin I Inyimili. Pattern of Origin of Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery in a Black Kenyan Population. Anat Physiol 2014, 4: Joseph Nderitu, Fawzia Butt, Hassan Saidi. Variations in Emergence and Course of the Inferior Palpebral Nerve. Cranial Maxillofac Trauma Reconstruction 2014; 07(03): Kaisha W (2014) Endocrine System. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, , Nairobi 22. Kevin Ongeti, Julius Ogeng'o, Christopher Were, Catherine Gakara, Anne Pulei Pattern of gender based violence in Nairobi, Kenya.International Research on Medical Sciences.1: Kevin Ongeti, Hassan Saidi, Julius Ogeng o Common Carotid Intimal Medial Thickness In a Kenyan Population Anatomy Journal of Africa 2014, 3(3): Kirsteen O Awori, Kevin Ongeti Martin I. Inyimili Does The Pattern Of Innervation Of Brachialis By The Musculocutaneous Nerve Influence The Presence Or Absence Of The Radial Nerve Contribution? ( ) 25. Loyal, P.K., Butt, F., Ogeng'o, J.A. The surgical relevance of the anatomic position of the extraosseous mental nerve in a Kenyan population. Pan African Medical Journal, vol. 18, Loyal P, Ongeti K, Pulei A, Ogeng o J, Mandela P Gender Related Patterns In The Shape And Dimensions Of The Foramen Magnum In An Adult Kenyan Population ( ) 27. Mandela P (2014) Nervous Tissue In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds) Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, 40-49, Nairobi 28. Mandela P(2014) Nervous System In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, 63-83, Nairobi 29. Mandela P (2014) Ear. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, 92-96, Nairobi 30. Mandela P (2014) Eye. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, , Nairobi 31. Misiani M, Mandela P, Obimbo M, Olabu B, Gikenye G Morphometric characteristics of the fibular incisura in adult Kenyans. Anatomy Journal of Africa. 01/2014; 3(1):

8 32. Musa K. Misiani, Poonamjeet K. Loyal,Julius A. Ogeng o, Hassan S. Saidi. High Origin Of The Right Testicular Artery Coursing Through A Hiatus In The Inferior Vena Cava Anatomy Journal of Africa 2014, 3(3): Mwachaka P (2014) Introduction. In Saidi H, Ongeti K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual (pp 1-5), Nairobi 34. Mwachaka, P El-busaidy H, Sinkeet S, and Ogeng o J Variations in the Position and Length of the Vermiform Appendix in a Black Kenyan Population Volume 2014 (2014), Article ID , 5 page 35. Ndungu B(2014) Receptor System In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, 84-91, Nairobi 36. Obimbo M (2014) Urinary System. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, , Nairobi 37. Obimbo M (2014) Male Reproductive System. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, , Nairobi 38. Odula P, Pulei A The Hollow Digestive System. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, , Nairobi 39. Ogeng o J (2014) Cardiovascular System. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds) , Nairobi 40. Ogeng'o, J.A., Misiani, M.K., Olabu, B.O., Waisiko, B.M., Murunga, A. Variant termination of the left coronary artery: Pentafurcation is not uncommon. European Journal of Anatomy, vol. 18, no. 2, pp , Ogeng o J, Mwachaka P, Olabu B, Ongeti K Aging Changes In The Tunica Intima Of Aorta In Goat (Capra Hircus) ( ) 42. Ogeng o J, K Ongeti, M Obimbo, B Olabu, P Mwachaka. Features of atherosclerosis in the tunica adventitia of coronary and carotid arteries in a Black Kenyan Population. Anatomy Research International, Ogeng'o, PM Mwachaka, KW Ongeti. Non muscle cells in the tunica media of the aorta. Anatomy Journal of Africa, 2014;, Nairobi 44. Olabu B (2014). Propulsion Tissue In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, 50-54, Nairobi 45. Olabu B, Gichangi P, Saidi H, Ogeng o J Castration Causes Progressive Reduction of Length of the Rabbit Penis Anatomy Journal of Africa, 2014, 3 (3):

9 46. Ominde BS, Odula P, Olabu BO and Ogeng o JA. Regional Differences in the Diameter of Coronary Sinus among Black Kenyans. Anat Physiol 2014, 4: Ongeti K (2014) Epithelial tissue and glands. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual (pp 14-28), Nairobi 48. Ongeti K (2014) Skin In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, 55-62, Nairobi 49. Pulei A, Hassanali J (2014) Oral cavity, pharynx and related structures. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, , Nairobi 50. Pulei A(2014) Imune System In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, , Nairobi 51. Saidi H, Odula P (2014) Glandular Digestive System. In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, , Nairobi 52. Saidi H (2014) Respiratory System In Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds). Kimani s Histology: Text and Manual, , Nairobi 53. Saidi H, Mutiso B., Trauma deaths outside the hospital: Uncovering the typology in the Kenyan Capital 54. Saidi H, Ongei K, Mandela P, Mwachaka PM, Olabu B (eds) Kimani s HISTOLOGY Text and Manual, 1st Edition, Nairobi 55. Saidi H, Mutiso BK, Ogengo J. Mortality after road traffic crashes in a system with limited trauma data capability. Journal of Trauma Management and Outcomes 2014, 8: Stevens KA, Paruk F, Bachani AM, Wesson HH, Wekesa JM, Mburu J, Mwangi JM, Saidi H, Hyder AA. Establishing hospital-based trauma registry systems: lessons from Kenya. Injury Dec;44 Suppl 4:S V.D. Wekesa, J.A. Ogeng o, C.V. Siongei, H. Elbusaidy, M. Iwaret. Demograpics of Patients Admitted with Traumatic Intracranial Bleeds in Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. East Cent. Afr. J. s East Cent. Afr. J. surg. 9

10 3.6 Conferences Staff attending other academic fora: 1. Dr. Fawzia Butt attended International Symposium on HPV infection in Head and Neck Cancer, from November 13 to 14, 2014, Poznan, Poland 2. Prof Saidi attended the annual clinical congress of the American College of Surgeons, from October 26-30, 2014, San fransisco, CA 3. Dr. Kirsten Awori attended the XXVI SICOT Triennial World Congress from 19 to 22 November 2014, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 4. Dr. Kaisha attended the 7 th Hepatology and Gastroenterology Post Graduate Course, from December 11 to 12, 2014, Cairo, Egypt 5. Dr. James Kigera attended 8th Congress of the Kenya Orthopaedic Association (KOA) held on 11th -13th June Dr. James Kigera attended Partners Meeting and Symposium of the Collaboration for Evidence Based on Healthcare and Public Health in Africa (CEBHA+) Addis Ababa, April Dr. Moses Obimbo attended training in PhD Supervision, June 17th-19th at the University of Nairobi 8. Prof. Saidi Hassan attended three days training in PhD Supervision, June 17th-19th, Surgical Society of Kenya (SSK) conference attended by most surgeons in the department 3.7 External Examinerships Dr. Obimbo Uzima College Dr. Kaisha KeMU 3.8 Editorships of journals Prof. Ogeng o and Saidi are respectively the editor and deputy editors of the Anatomy journal of Africa. Dr. Ongeti is the mangaing editor. With them includes Mwachaka and Pulei, the journal is three issues in the year. 10

11 Prof. Saidi and Dr. Kigera are respectively the editor in chief and the deputy editor in chief of the Annals of Africa surgery. Issues published in SPACE IMPROVEMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTS 4.1 By the time of writing, work to complete the 50-seater classroom adjacent to the parking area is still ongoing 4.2 Laboratories Repair of NSSC leakages was completed Both histology and gross labs were fitted with LCD screens which are functional 4.3 Biometric system is actively being used. 4.4 Environment has been maintained clean. The toilets are sometimes smelly 4.5 Challenges Laboratories o Repairs for Siberia are still pending o Shelves for storage of bodies o Resolution in Histology lab screens needs to be improved o The microphone sometimes malfunctions Office space o Technicians have requested for partitioning and reorganization of available space o Academic staff partitioning of Dr. Butt s and Dr. Gikenye s offices still pending Toilets for staff and students o Inadequate for female staff. There is need for another one. o Still have leakages in both male and female toilets Storage space o There are unused equipment and furniture lying on the corridors 11

12 o Students bags current shelves are inadequate. There is need for additional shelves or lockers 4.6 Proposed Action Points Laboratories Office space partitions Repair of embalming room floor at Gross Anatomy 5. STAFF MATTERS 5.1 Staff Retreats The academic staff had a successful retreat at the Swahili Beach in Mombasa in June, All academic, technical and CFP staff also had an opportunity to bond as they climbed Mt. Longonot and enjoyed spending time together at the Simba lodge in Naivasha. 5.2 Staff welfare The Departmental welfare groups (HUMANA, HATSWA, HAASWA) continued to explore ways of growing their funds. They have undertaken to invest in and run a Café by CFP as a welfare project. 5.3 Staff movements and promotions 1. Prof. Hassanali retirement 2. Prof. Gichangi got promoted to Professor 3. Dr. Awori got promoted to Senior Lecturer 12

13 6. CHIROMO FUNERAL PARLOUR 6.1 Admissions and Dispatches Total bodies Bodies < 10 Bodies > 10 NO. OF admitted years years of age DISPATCHES JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER TOTAL *2333 Note: Bodies waived 16; post mortems 385; Repartriation-7 *20 bodies were carried forward from the previous year. a) Infrastructure improvements During this year there was installation of the Mortuary Information Management System from Sycom Africa Limited. This system is still on trial and is anticipated to meet the expectations such as making the workload easier and more efficient once we go live. b) Disasters handled We were able to successfully handle two tragedies which followed each other closely i.e. the Kapendo and Mandera incidences. This was done in collaboration with the Kenya Red Cross Society who set up a psychosocial tent for the bereaved families. 13

14 c) Transportation services The three departmental vehicles (i) Toyota Hiace KAH 091F (ii) Hearse KAV 643E (iii) KBV 769T Bus have been well maintained. The fourth vehicle, i.e. the Toyota land cruiser is due for rebranding of by TOYOTA KENYA Co. Below is a summary of the trips made during the year. Destination Number of trips Western 28 Nyanza 32 Rift Valley 14 Eastern 5 Central 4 Nairobi 9 Total 92 d) EMBALMING AND STORAGE SERVICES Laying of tiles was done in the Autopsy Lab and an autopsy table procured. The main embalming floor will be replaced with terrazzo so as to ensure a high level cleanliness. The staffs have ensured that they maintain quality embalming services despite the challenges encountered with the maintenance of the cold cabinets. e) STAFF MATTERS The staffs have been vaccinated against Hepatitis B. There has been a follow-up on the issuance of Job Identity Card, Salary adjustment, contract extension to one year period, medical cover by University Health Services, NHIF, and NSSSF cover to boost their morale. 14

15 f) VISITORS TO CFP During the year we had several visitors including the former Prime Minister Right Hon. RAILA ODINGA, Senators Hon. MOSES WETANGULA, Hon. Dr. BONNY KHALWALE, Knut secretary-general Wilson Sossion amongst senior Union officials. This has enhanced visibility of the facility to the public. g) Mortuary training programme Nine(9) students successfully completed the mortuary certificate programme and are due for graduation this month. h) WORK STUDY PROGRAMME STUDENTS. CFP continued to offer support to financially needy students by giving them a chance every month to exploit their skills and abilities in different areas. This was done on rotational basis to at least three students per month. i) PROCUREMENT Date Item Cost 28/01/2014 Installatioin of lightboxes 37, Notice boards 4, Computers 122, Trolley repairs 173, Tanks 150, Computers 129, Dstv 10, Hardware Materials Hawrdware Materials 77, Hawrdware Materials 59, Tiles 162, SLA Surport 59, Electricals 30, Projector 55,

16 Staff retreat 511, Plumbin materials 63, Total 1,647, j) Income and Expenditure for CFP January-December 2014 Distributable income Embalming and storage 24,360, Handling charges 2,678, Total Distributable Income 27,039, Other Income Hire of hearse 4,192, Miscellaneous charges 2,109, Sale of coffins 5,386, Training fees 575, Total other income 12,263, TOTAL INCOME 39,302, ENGAGEMENT Visitors to the department: 13 Involvement at national, regional levels by staff. Thank you. Prof. Saidi Hassan Chairman 16