The Real Value of Canola Meal

Transcription

1 The Real Value of Canola Meal Essi Evans Technical Advisory Services Inc Brittany Dyck Canola Council of Canada

2 Canola Survey: 2011 Commissioned to assess awareness of canola meal by the dairy industry, and needs of the dairy industry with respect to protein feeding Conducted 14 phone interviews Conducted on- line survey of industry nutritionists

3 Issues With Canola High soluble protein No branded products available

4 Unexplained Features Noted by Users I replaced soy pound for pound, and have been cleaning up in the market I can t explain it- it just works I can replace soy protein with canola protein, and save money

5 Unexplained Features Noted by Users Much of the research into canola for dairy was dated A few newer studies corroborated nutritionist s findings

6 Brito et al, J. Dairy Sci, , 2007 Diets formulated to 16.5% crude protein Compared urea, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and canola meal 2 week adjustment and 6 week feeding period Values on paper for RUP (% of protein) lowest for Canola meal

7 Brito et al, J. Dairy Sci, 90: , 2007 Measurement Added Protein Source Urea Soybean Cottonseed Canola Meal Meal Meal Percent of dry matter Microbial protein, g/day RUP, g/day Protein entering intestine, g/day Dry matter intake, Lb/day Milk yield, Lb/day Protein yield, Lb/day Fat Yield, Lb/day

8 Mulrooney et al., J. Dairy Sci 92: , 2009 Provided diets with 15% crude protein Mixtures of canola meal and distillers grains Replicated Latin Square design

9 Mulrooney et al., J. Dairy Sci 92: , 2009 Diet Canola meal 2/3 CM 1/3 CM DDGS Dry matter intake, lb Milk, lb Fat,% Fat, lb Protein, % Protein, lb Energy corrected milk, lb ECM/DMI MUN

10 Huhtanen et al., Can. J. Anim. Sci 91: , 2011 Reviewed 122 experiments comparing canola to soy For every unit increase in crude protein intake, milk yield response was greater with canola Data did not support the higher tabulated ruminal CP degradability of CM compared with SBM most feed evaluation systems overestimate metabolizable protein concentration of SBM relative to CM

11 Results Results obtained with canola meal were better than predicted by models Research was needed to determine the true value of canola meal

12 Canola Science Cluster Canola Council supported new research to investigate the use of the meal in dairy rations Recent research continues to support user findings

13 The Soluble Protein Issue Canola has more soluble protein than some other vegetable proteins Research conducted since NRC was published shows that the terms soluble and degradable are not interchangable Not all methods give exactly the same results, but relative RUP rankings of meals end up the same

14 Accessibility of Soluble Components Sample Protein Peptide Free AA NH3 Distillers Canola Soybean meal Linseed meal Alfalfa hay Legume silage Uden et al, 2009

15 Degradation of the Soluble Protein Fraction Rate of Degradation of the Soluble Fraction, %/hr Effective Protein Degradability, % of the Soluble Fraction Ingredient Casein (milk protein) Wheat distillers grains Solvent extracted soybean meal Peas Lupins Expeller canola meal (rapeseed) Solvent extracted canola meal Expeller linseed meal (flax) Hedqvist and Uden (Anim. Feed Sci Technol. 126:1-21, 2006)

16 Typical Values Soybean Meal Canola Meal RDP, % of CP RUP, % of CP CP, % DM basis RUP, % of DM Metabolizable protein, % of DM

17 Van Amburgh, CNCPS 6.5 Method Soybean Meal Canola Meal RDP, % of CP RUP, % of CP CP, % DM basis RUP, % of DM Metabolizable protein, % of DM

18 Broderick, fit to NRC Method Soybean Meal Canola Meal Soluble Protein, % of CP Rate, %/hr Insoluble protein, % of CP Rate, %/hr 16 9 Blended Rate RUP at Kp of 6%/hr Meal crude protein, % of DM RUP, % of DM Metabolizable protein, % of DM

19 Large Herd Results Side by side study conducted in California Comparison of canola and DDGS as the major source of protein Findings similar to Mulrooney study

20 Swanepoel et al., J. Dairy Sci Vol 96: Abstr Distillers Blend 1 Blend 2 Canola Corn Distillers, % of ration dry matter Canola meal, % of ration dry matter Milk yield, lbs./cow/day Milk fat yield, lbs Milk true protein yield, lbs Dry matter intake, lbs./cow/day Milk/feed

21 Compared to Wheat Distillers Wheat distillers grains have less soluble protein and more total protein than corn distillers grains

22 Mutsvanga et al., J. Dairy Sci 97 (Suppl 1): Abstr % Crude Protein Diet 17% Crude Protein Diet Canola Meal W- DDGS Canola Meal W- DDGS DM intake, lb/d Milk yield, lb/d Fat, % Fat yield, lb/d Protein, % Protein yield, lb/d Milk urea- nitrogen, mg/dl Feed Efficiency, Milk/DMI

23 Canola and Soy and 3 Forage Mixes Six diets compared in randomized block study 3 forage mixes, 60% forage in diets: 50% alfalfa silage + 10% corn silage 30% alfalfa silage + 30% corn silage 10% alfalfa silage + 50% corn silage

24 Faciola et al., J. Dairy Sci 96 (Suppl. 1): Abstr. 470 Alfalfa Silage to Corn Silage Ratio 5:1 1:1 1:5 Dry- Matter Intake, lbs Milk Yield, lbs Fat % Fat Yield, lbs Protein % Protein Yield, lbs Energy- Corrected Milk, lbs Feed Efficiency a Milk Urea Nitrogen, mg/dl

25 Faciola et al., J. Dairy Sci 96 (Suppl. 1): Abstr. 470 Protein Source Soybean meal Canola meal Dry- Matter Intake, lbs Milk Yield, lbs Fat % Fat Yield, lbs Protein % Protein Yield, lbs Energy- Corrected Milk, lbs Feed Efficiency a Milk Urea Nitrogen, mg/dl

26 Results Independent of Forage Level Replicated 4 * 4 Latin Square Forage in diets replaced by high NDF byproducts 15% protein diets, with canola as the main source of protein

27 Schuler et al., J. Dairy Sci 96 (Suppl. 1): Abstr. Dietary Forage Level, % Dry- Matter Intake, lbs Milk Yield, lbs Fat % Fat Yield, lbs Protein % Protein Yield, lbs Energy- Corrected Milk, lbs. Feed Efficiency a Milk Urea Nitrogen, mg/dl

28 Why is Canola Meal Helping? Higher RUP than previously thought Lower MUN suggests better efficiency

29 Brito et al, J. Dairy Sci, 90: , 2007 Added Protein Source Measurement Urea Soybean Meal Cottonseed Meal Canola Meal Percent of dry matter Microbial protein, g/day RUP, g/day Protein entering intestine, g/day Dry matter intake, Lb/day Milk yield, Lb/day Protein yield, Lb/day Fat Yield, Lb/day Lysine entering intestine, g/day Methionine entering intestine, g/day

30 Estimating Amino Acid Requirements The primary source of amino acids is derived from microbial protein This source is considered to be high quality relative to needs for milk and maintenance True protein from microbial crude protein is highly digestible The available amino acids from RUP must compliment microbial protein

31 Proteins Compared to Milk G/100 Grams of amino acids Amino Acid Milk a Bugs b Blood ML c Canola Soymeal c C.Gluten c Arginine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine Valine a National Dairy Council, 2010 b Clark et al., 1992 (average of 441 samples) c Maiga et al., 1996 (12 hour residues)

32 Understanding Efficiency Proteins that compare favorably to milk protein with respect to amino acid profile will allow the greatest efficiency When proteins are lacking in one or more amino acids, then a greater overage is needed to meet requirements Example

33 Example Milk methionine = 2.5% of milk CP Canola metabolizable protein = 2.1% If canola was the only source of methionine, the efficiency would be 2.1/2.5 = 84% If blood meal was the only source, the efficiency would be 0.8/2.5 = 32%

34 Importance of Balancing for Amino Acids Balancing for amino acids is a means to reduce ration protein and improve efficiency Models are capable of estimating needs for the 10 essential amino acids Most current platforms usually balance for methionine and lysine Balancing for all amino acids might be considered for further improvement

35 Balancing for All Essential Amino Acids Review of 12 studies where diets were balanced for lysine and methionine Rebalance to include estimated needs for all essential amino acids Increased milk yield in 11 of the trials Increased milk fat yield in 9 of the trials Increased milk protein yield in 10 of the trials Improved efficiency of N use in all studies Evans et al., FEEDSTUFFS, 82:No 15, 2010

36 Final Comments Relative to The Survey Canola meal is high in soluble protein True. However, not all of the soluble protein is degraded in the rumen, so some becomes RUP I can t explain it, it just works Canola has a good amino acid profile, and this helps in efficiently meeting requirements for all 10 essential amino acids There are no branded products available Aminomax is a branded source of very high RUP canola meal

37 Van Amburgh, CNCPS 6.5 Method Soybean Meal Canola Meal RDP, % of CP RUP, % of CP CP, % DM basis RUP, % of DM Metabolizable protein, % of DM Aminomax MP, % of DM

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