Assessing trace elements accumulation/depletion in agricultural Lithuanian soils
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1 Assessing trace accumulation/depletion in agricultural Lithuanian soils Saulius Marcinkonis 1, Sigitas Lazauskas 2 and Vytas Mašauskas 2 1 LITHUANIAN INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE VOKE BRANCH, ZALIOJI AIKŠTĖ 2, LT TRAKU VOKE, VILNIUS; LITHUANIA 2 LITHUANIAN INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE, INSTITUTO ALĖJA 1, 5051 AKADEMIJA, KEDAINAI DIST., LITHUANIA.
2 LITHUANIAN INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE VĖŽAIČIAI BRANCH (SITES V1-V4) VOKĖ BRANCH (SITES V5-V7) PERLOJA RESEARCH STATION (SITE P10) JONIŠKĖLIS RESEARCH STATION (SITE J11) DOTNUVA (SITE D12)
3 Methods In each trial, arable layer samples were taken from the control (CB) and anthropogenic (more intensively fertilized, limed depending on a trial scheme) treatments (AI) of each (3 to 5) replication. The size of treatment plots in separate trials varied from 30 m 2 to 112 m 2. Samples analyzed by AAS method and directly analyzed with X-rays upon fine grinding (for Sr).
4 West Lithuania Here, the pedogenic rocks comprise mostly light and medium sandly loam. Climatic conditions in the zone favour the processes of soil leaching and podzolization. In the current study, the zone is represented by four field trials, all in Vezaiciai location of Klaipeda Region (West Žemaiciai plateau). The trial soils are typical of the zone and are albeluvisols
5 V1 Dystric Albeluvisol (ABd) CB. Unlimed and unfertilised; AI. Slacked lime (single application of 6,6 tha -1 CaCO3 in 1948 y.) with annual NPK fertilizing. Ag 0,104 0,102 5,1 B 35,2 33,8 67,6 Ba ,0 Co 6,64 7,6 25,3 Cr 51,6 52,4 52,4 Cu 10,8 8,2 8,2 Mn ,7 Mo 0,82 0,76 15,2 Ni 19,1 19,6 26,1 Pb 16,7 16,6 16, Sn 2,60 2,66 26,6 Sr V 61,6 49,1 32,7 Zn 51,2 34,2 11,4 0.50
6 V2 Dystric Albeluvisol (ABd) CB. Unlimed and unfertilised; AI. Liming with manuring (120 t ha -1 manure every 7 year from 1959 m. applied twice in rotation 60 t ha -1 ) and annual NPK fertilizing. Ag 0,08 0,09 4,5 B 31,8 34,2 68,4 Ba ,7 Co 6,4 6,4 21,3 Cr 49,2 48,6 48,6 Cu 12,4 11,4 11,4 Mn ,1 Mo 0,64 0,74 14, Ni 17,2 19,6 26,1 Pb 14,4 14,2 14,2 Sn 2,70 2,62 26,2 Sr 57,6 102,0 V 55,2 56,4 37,6 Zn 41,0 47,8 15,
7 V3 Dystric Albeluvisol (ABd) CB. Unlimed and unfertilised; AI. Liming (every 7 year from 1949 m.) with annual NPK fertilizing. Ag 0,09 0,09 4,5 B ,0 Ba ,2 Co 7,8 6,4 21,3 Cr 54, ,0 Cu 9,5 9 9,0 Mn ,3 Mo 0,75 0,63 12,6 Ni 18,8 17,3 23,1 Pb 17 14,5 14, Sn 2,83 2,7 27,0 Sr 107,5 132,5 V 58,5 55,0 36,7 Zn 41,0 32,5 10,8 0.50
8 V4 Dystric Albeluvisol (ABd) CB. Unlimed and unfertilised; AI. Liming with manuring (120 t ha -1 manure every 7 year from 1959 m. applied twice in rotation 60 t ha -1 ) and annual NPK fertilizing. Ag 0,1 0,119 6,0 B 32,3 33,7 67,4 Ba 466, ,7 Co 6,33 5,87 19,6 Cr 33,57 49,3 49,3 Cu 11,7 11,3 11,3 Mn ,6 Mo 0,8 0,9 18,0 Ni 17,3 17,3 23,1 Pb 17,2 17,7 17,7 Sn 2,53 2,73 27,3 Sr 64,0 136,7 V 52,7 54,0 36,0 Zn 50,0 42,3 14,
9 East Lithuania The East Lithuanian soil zone is most remote from the sea, and the climate is continental here. In the East Lithuanian sandy soil region the pedogenic rocks are fluvioglacial sands. In the region common sandy soils prevailing; the agronomic value of soils is very low. The zone is represented by four field trials in Dainava Plain, Vokė and Perloja trial plots (sites V5 V9). The trial soils were luvisols.
10 V5 Haplic Luvisol (LVh) CB. Unlimed and unfertilised; AI. Calcareous sapropel (200 t ha -1 single application in 1984 y.) with annual NPK fertilizing Ag 0,076 0,076 3,8 B 28,8 28,5 57,0 Ba 327,5 312,5 52,1 Co 5,2 5,7 19,0 Cr 40,5 38,8 38,8 Cu 8,5 8 8,0 Mn ,3 Mo 0,59 0,65 13,0 Ni 12,3 12,5 16,7 Pb 13,5 15,3 15, Sn 2,83 2,53 25,3 Sr 72,5 130,0 V 37,0 39,3 26,2 Zn 11,0 10,3 3,
11 V6 Haplic Luvisol (LVh) CB. Unlimed and unfertilised; AI. Dust limestone (single application of 7,18 t ha-1 CaCO 3 in 1972 y.) with annual NPK fertilizing. Ag 0,071 0,073 3,7 B 26,5 26,8 53,6 Ba ,2 Co 4 3,8 12,7 Cr 39, ,0 Cu 7,8 9,5 9,5 Mn ,7 Mo 0,47 0,4 8,0 Ni 12,9 13,1 17,5 Pb 14, , Sn 2,23 2,2 22,0 Sr 65,0 75,0 V 41,8 42,3 28,2 Zn 23,8 23,0 7,7 0.50
12 V7 Haplic Luvisol (LVh) CB. Unlimed and unfertilised; AI. Liming (periodical, 24,64 t ha -1 CaCO 3 applied since 1973 y.) with annual NPK fertilizing. Ag 0,082 0,07 3,5 B 26,5 15,3 30,6 Ba ,5 Co 4,2 5,1 17,0 Cr ,0 Cu 7,8 9,3 9,3 Mn ,8 Mo 0,58 0,63 12,6 Ni 13,6 11,8 15,7 1,80 1,70 1,60 1,50 1,40 1,30 1,20 1,10 1,00 0,90 0,80 Pb 13, ,0 Sn 1,98 2,38 23,8 Sr 72,5 130,0 V 39,3 38,5 25,7 Zn 17,5 17,6 5,9 0,70 0,60 0,50
13 P8 Haplic Luvisol (LVh) CB. Unfertilized AI. Organic and annual NPK mineral fertilizing (80 t ha 1 manure every 5th year since 1960 y.) Ag 0,08 0,073 3,7 B 27,75 27,75 55,5 Ba 422,5 407,5 67,9 Co 4,05 4,05 13,5 Cr 42, ,0 Cu 7 7,7 7,7 Mn ,7 Mo 0,53 0,54 10,8 Ni 11,75 11,15 14,9 Pb 13,25 12,25 12,3 1,20 1,10 1,00 0,90 0,80 0,70 0,60 Sn 2,38 2,23 22,3 Sr 66,5 77,5 V 38,8 37,0 24,7 Zn 26,5 26,5 8,8 0,50
14 Middle Lithuania Lowland The Middle Lithuanian soil zone covers central part of Lithuania. In the Middle Lithuanian region the pedogenic rocks are calcareous, characterised by plain landscape. The zone is represented by two field trials in Musos Nemunelio Plain, Joniskelis trial and Dotnuva. The trial soils were cambisols - typical in region.
15 J9 Stagnic luvisol (LVj) CB. Unfertilized AI. Organic and annual NPK mineral fertilizing (80 t ha 1 manure every 5th year since 1960 y.) Ag 0,069 0,064 3,2 B 48, ,0 Ba ,5 Co 7,88 7,6 25,3 Cr 61, ,0 Cu 17,5 16,8 16,8 Mn 437,5 452,5 30,2 Mo 0,85 0,85 17,0 Ni 25,8 26,5 35,3 1,30 1,20 1,10 1,00 0,90 0,80 0,70 Pb 12,8 12,38 12,4 Sn 3,43 3,13 31,3 Sr 84,0 102,5 V 77,0 78,5 52,3 Zn 70,5 66,0 22,0 0,60 0,50
16 D10 Gleyic Cambisol (CMg) CB. Unfertilized AI. Mineral NPK fertilizing (but P240K360 only every 4th year since 1971 y.) Ag 0,079 0,104 5,2 B 36,8 34,8 69,6 Ba ,8 Co 7,45 7,1 23,7 Cr 50 50,3 50,3 Cu 8,3 7,8 7,8 Mn ,5 23,5 Mo 0,53 0,56 11,2 1,40 1,30 1,20 1,10 1,00 0,90 0,80 Ni 20,3 19,3 25,7 Pb 17,3 15,4 15,4 Sn 2,65 2,68 26,8 Sr 77,5 67,5 V 54,0 63,5 42,3 Zn 30,5 31,8 10,6 0,70 0,60 0,50
17 West Lithuania L+MF -Ba -Cu -Zn L+MF+OF +B +Ni +Sr +Zn L+MF -Co L+MF +Sr East Lithuania S+MF +Sr L+MF +Cu L+MF +Co +Sr MF+OF Middle Lithuania MF+OF MF Studies conducted in the world proved that SAPROPEL: acts as a radio protector, i.e. promotes maintenance of radioactive strontium and other heavy metals in soil in an inert form, unavailable for plants.
18 Sr accumulation This element gets into soil as a constituent part of fertilizers (dolomite, potassium, nitrogen of phosphate substances), or its content undergoes changes caused by the altered Sr uptake. The levels of Sr higher in periodically limed and fertilized arable soil (site V2) and showed a direct dependence on fertilization intensity (site V4). This element in the arable soil layer becomes immobilized at higher Ca levels and lowered soil acidity (at ph increased). When the soil regains its natural acidity, Sr levels show no reliable changes (site V1).
19 Thank you for attention
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