RAW CONSULTANT Nutritional training package

Transcription

1 15 RAW CONSULTANT Nutritional training package

2 3. Natures Menu Product Range Introduction This module is designed to be a reference guide to all the Natures Menu products (excluding our True Instinct products - please see the True Instinct Advisor course for further details about this brand). Each product, together with their individual ingredients, are listed clearly with a nutritional content of each ingredient found in the description. This will help you to determine which food is best for which animal and client and will also enable you to explain why we use each specific ingredient. Our aim is to be an honest company and all our ingredients as listed are a true representation of our products. We begin with a guide to transitioning pets across to raw and our raw feeding guides. Natures Menu: Veterinary Division 2

3 Making the transition Dogs At Natures Menu we understand that every animal is an individual and making a change to a pet s diet can be a daunting process. Whether you have a playful puppy, a fussy feline or a ravenous retriever we are here to help. This guide is intended keep transitions as smooth as possible but we recognise that it may not suit everyone, which is why we have a specialist team of experts ready to give advice. Gradually transition to RAW over 7 days Divide daily ration into 50% raw and 50% previous food Always feed in alternating separate meals, avoid mixing if possible Ideally meals are about 12 hours apart From day 8 feed 100% raw ration While many healthy dogs can cope without a transition period we recommend this method to allow the body time to: Adjust digestive enzyme release Alter stomach ph Adapt intestinal microbiome ( friendly bacteria) Expel toxins and promote healthy metabolism It is important avoid mixing a raw diet with a processed kibble in the same bowl as they have very different requirements for optimal digestion. Some fussier, more suspicious dogs fed processed foods for many years may require a slower transition as described for cats. 3

4 Cats Cats are inherently more suspicious of new things than most dogs and so require a much more gradual transitioning onto a raw food. If for a health reason a cat needs to be switched over immediately this is safe to do so but simply risks the cat not taking to the food as well. We recommend for cats on dry food to gradually introduce wet food first, our gently steamed pouches are a great intermediate product and highly palatable. During a transition it is best not to leave kibble available all day as we want preference towards the raw food. This can be either introduced at the cat s set meal times or, in several small meals throughout the day if they are known grazers. The feeding frequency can then be reduced to 2 main meals to suit most owners busy daily schedules if required. We recommend the two bowl technique : Place a single defrosted nugget in a separate bowl beside the normal portion of food Repeat at every meal until they begin to show an interest, this often takes 1-2 weeks Slowly reduce the previous food while increasing the number of nuggets Be patient, it is normal for this process to take as long as 8 weeks Important points to remember: Always defrost thoroughly, cats prefer food closer to room temperature Do not allow you cat to starve themselves, this can lead to liver problems in some cases Always try to vary flavours of foods given to prevent latching onto one variety Be patient, cats are highly suspicious of change 4

5 Feeding Guides The food requirements of individual pets varies greatly and is dependent on a multitude of factors, such as: health, activity level, coat thickness, ambient conditions and neutering. Historically recommendations for raw feeding have started at 2-3% of the pet s ideal body weight per day with further adjustments as needed. However, due to the wide variation among individuals and the nonlinear relationship between body weight and weight of food required, we found this method to be inaccurate especially for pets at the extremes of the healthy bodyweight range. Therefore, we developed an algorithm based on FEDIAF guidelines, specifically tailored to take into account energy levels, age, size, type of food (i.e. wet, raw or dry) and calorie requirements to more accurately calculate feeding guidelines for our products. We are also acutely aware of the current obesity epidemic affecting companion animals and take our responsibility to provide appropriate feeding guidelines very seriously. However, it is important to remember these are still just a starting point and it is safe to make further adjustments for each individual until a healthy body condition score is maintained. We start with the adult dog feeding guide: 5

6 Toy Weight (Kg) Grams/day Nuggets/day Adult Dog Feeding Guide RAW COMPLETE Small Medium Large Weight (Kg) Grams/day Nuggets/day Giant These recommendations are for guidance only. It is safe to adjust these amounts for individuals based on health, lifestyle and appetite to achieve an ideal trim body condition. 6

7 Puppy Feeding Guide RAW COMPLETE Weight (Kgs) Up to 4 months From 4-9 months From 9-12 months Nuggets/day Grams/day Nuggets/day Grams/day Nuggets/day Grams/day It is safe to adjust these recommended amounts for individuals, based on their health, lifestyle and appetite Large breed puppies Managing the nutrition of large breed puppies is particularly important as there is the potential for severe consequences if the diet is inappropriate at this early stage. The levels of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D, as well as the calcium:phosphorus ratio, are crucial and must be carefully controlled to avoid developmental issues. For this reason, Natures Menu developed an appropriately balanced complete puppy meal to help owners of large breeds avoid such issues. Overfeeding and rapid growth rates are equally as dangerous to large breed puppies and can lead to developmental orthopaedic diseases where the bones and joints fail to develop and grow properly. Dry food manufacturers formulate specific diets for large breeds with lower caloric densities to help manage this issue, however, raw diets are typically around a third of the caloric density of dry foods and so are suitable for large breeds and are very effective in avoiding rapid growth rates. 7

8 Adult Cat Feeding guide RAW COMPLETE Ideal Weight (Kgs) Grams/ day It is safe to adjust these recommended amounts for individuals, based on their health, lifestyle and appetite. Kitten Feeding Guide RAW COMPLETE Weight (kgs) Up to 4 months From 4 9 months From 9-12 months Grams/day Grams/day Grams/day It is safe to adjust these recommended amounts for individuals, based on their health, lifestyle and appetite 8

9 Natures Menu Product Map Natures Menu Product Summary True Instinct - see True Instinct Advisor course for further details Complete Steamed complete Complementary range Raw complete Frozen Superfood Crunch Tins Raw meaty bones and chews Dry complete Nuggets Pouches Baked Mighty Mixer Complete pouches Blocks Extruded Migthy Mixers Treats Minces Fruit and veg nuggets 95% meaty treats Freeze dried treats 9

10 Grain-free complete products The following products from our range provide a grain-free complete food: From the Country Hunter range: frozen nuggets, gently cooked tins and pouches and freezedried treats. Active, banquet and senior frozen nuggets for dogs Chicken and Salmon 300g frozen block for dogs All flavours of complete cat (frozen and gently cooked - except senior pouches) Our Ingredients At Natures Menu we pride ourselves on our range of carefully selected ingredients, each with their unique range of nutritional benefits. We are passionate about supporting British farming and source as many raw materials as possible from within the UK, from our Scottish salmon to locally reared freerange chickens from Norfolk. We have developed good relationships with our suppliers over many years of manufacture and understand the importance of good quality ingredients. Our Meats and Offals Beef Boar Chicken Duck Beef is an excellent source of protein with all the essential nutrients to help maintain health and vitality. Beef is a complete protein meaning it contains all essential amino acids required by the dog as well as lipids, minerals and vitamins. It is also highly palatable. Boar is a great protein source and very lean. It is rich in omega 3 fatty acids and low in cholesterol. Chicken is easily digestible and highly palatable. It is packed full of B vitamins and contains zinc, phosphorus, selenium and potassium. By using the whole carcass of the chicken including minced bone, our foods also naturally contain glucosamine, chondroitin and the essential fatty acids omega 3 and 6. Duck is a nutritious meat particularly high in mineral content such as selenium, zinc, copper, iron, calcium and phosphorus. In its raw state, it also includes omega fatty acids known for playing a role in heart, kidney and skin health. It is a unique protein source which is high in protein and very palatable. 10

11 Goose Heart Lamb Liver Mackerel Pheasant Rabbit Salmon Tripe Tuna Turkey Venison Goose is an easily digested and very palatable source of high quality protein. It is a little higher in fat than chicken but rich in the healthy unsaturated fatty acids as well as essential amino acids and trace elements. Heart is essentially a muscle and provides a great source of rich and palatable protein. It contains high levels of taurine an essential amino acid for cats. Lamb is a complete protein and is packed with healthy A and B vitamins including lots of B12, plus essential nutrients such as copper, zinc, phosphorus and selenium. Liver contains healthy levels of vitamin B12 which is involved in the synthesis of myelin, along with containing many other vitamins and minerals. Mackerel is a nutritious oily fish containing high levels of vitamin D. It is very rich in omega fatty acids and includes various minerals such as calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and selenium. Pheasant contains a high level of iron, protein, vitamin B6 and selenium, which helps to protect cells from oxidative damage. It is a very palatable game meat, which is lower in fat than other red meats. Rabbit is a firm favourite amongst all breeds of dogs. It is packed with vitamins B12, niacin and pyridoxine and is a great source of the mineral selenium which the body uses to create antioxidants. This lean, unique protein source is highly palatable. Salmon is easy to digest with a low glycaemic index and high in essential amino acids. Salmon is well known for its high omega fatty acid content making it a great choice for boosting heart health, kidney function and joints through the production of collagen and anti-inflammatory molecules. Salmon is also packed with vitamin D and has high levels of vitamin B12 and the calming amino acid, tryptophan. Tripe contains a diverse profile of nutrients including enzymes, natural prebiotics and phytonutrients (naturally occurring chemical compounds). Tripe also contains vitamin B12, choline, selenium, zinc and phosphorus. Tuna is not only highly palatable for most cats, it is also a good source of amino acids, essential amino acids, iron, iodine, vitamin D, pyridoxine, vitamin B12 and niacin. Turkey is an excellent source of highly digestible, lean protein, rich in selenium and with natural omega 3 and 6 fatty acids. Turkey also contains an excellent balance of essential amino acids and higher levels of the calming amino acid tryptophan. Venison is a nutrient rich, lean meat packed with B vitamins, high B12 levels and iron. It is well known for its irresistible rich, woody flavours making this unique protein source highly palatable. 11

12 White Fish White fish is known for its gentle digestion which makes it a great ingredient for our older pets. It is high in protein, low in fat and is helpful for dogs who may be less active in their wiser years. Fish is a great source of amino acids, essential amino acids, iron, iodine, vitamin D, pyridoxine, vitamin B12 and niacin. Our Carbohydrates Par-boiled brown rice Oats Bran Par boiled brown rice is a great source of non-starchy carbohydrate which provides easy to digest source of vitamin B and minerals Oats have a medium glycaemic index and are an easily digestible, nutritious source of B vitamins, manganese, calcium and many minerals. Also a source of soluble fibre and with healthy levels of iron, manganese, zinc, and B vitamins. Bran is a good source of fibre when mixed with the moisture from our fresh meats. Our Fruits and Vegetables Apples Blackcurrant Blueberries Carrots Cranberries Chicory Green Beans Redcurrant Apples with the skin on are full of plant chemicals (phytonutrients) that are thought to be protective against some types of cancer in humans. They are a source of vitamins A and C, dietary fibre and carbohydrates. Blackcurrants are rich in antioxidants and contain natural anti-inflammatories Blueberries are rich in antioxidants and contain vitamin C and K and phytochemicals, the chemical compounds naturally found in plants to help facilitate the body s chemical reactions. Carrots are a good source of carbohydrate as well as containing carotenoid pigments which are the precursors to vitamin A. Cranberries contain high levels of vitamin C, phytonutrients and antibacterial properties. They are also well known for their aid in urinary tract health by preventing bacteria from binding to the wall of the bladder. A great source of natural fibre and easily digestible carbohydrate Green beans are known for their antioxidant, cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory benefits. Redcurrants are rich in potassium, vitamin C and magnesium, they can also provide a healthy source of fibre. 12

13 Mint Swede Sweet Potato Parsley Peas Plums Spinach Raspberries Redcurrants Mint is known to promote digestion and soothe the stomach in times of indigestion or inflammation. It is also known as a powerful antioxidant that contains trace amounts of iron, fibre, vitamin A and potassium. Swede is a natural source of carbohydrate, dietary fibre and contains vitamins along with many other trace elements. Sweet potato has a medium glycaemic index and is a natural, healthy source of carbohydrate. It is also packed with B vitamins and magnesium and contains antioxidant nutrients called carotenoids which help combat free radicals. Parsley is rich in many vitamins such as vitamin C, B12, K and A. It is known for its antioxidant properties and keeping your immune system strong. Peas are a good source of carbohydrate as well as providing healthy dietary fibre to aid digestion and passage of faeces. Plum is a traditional British fruit containing nutritious beta carotene and vitamins A, C and K, high in iron and antioxidants to help combat free radicals. Spinach has a low glycaemic index and a high iron content. It also contains fibre, calcium, potassium and several vitamins. Spinach also contains flavonoids and carotenoids that have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Raspberries are a nutritious berry packed with antioxidants. They are a good source of dietary fibre, potassium, magnesium, manganese, copper and iron. They're also abundant in vitamins C, K and B-complex. Redcurrants provide a healthy helping of vitamin C and also contain significant amounts of vitamin K Our other nutritional goodies Prebiotic MOS Yucca Extract Green Tea Extract Prebiotic MOS (mannan-oligosaccharides) contributes to a balanced bacterial growth within the intestine and can help prevent diarrhoea and digestive related issues. MOS has a direct and an indirect effect on the health of the digestive tract. Yucca extract is said to naturally help the body remove toxins and facilitate digestion. Green tea extract contains a high level of antioxidants namely in the form of catechins. These are excellent free radical scavengers and mop up highly unstable free radicals very effectively limiting damage to the cells. They are also thought to limit cancer cell growth by blocking the cancer cell s life cycle and inducing the 13

14 death of the cell. It has also been recognised with having anti-inflammatory properties and recently anti-radiation properties. The extract is caffeine free. Grape Seed Extract Seaweed Yeast Extract Dicalcium phosphate Malt Extract Cod Liver Oil Spirulina Catnip Rosemary Extract Grape seed extract is known for its rich antioxidant properties as it contains a high level of polyphenols. Grape seed extract has been used successfully in the treatment of heart disease, high blood pressure and high cholesterol. The supplementation of this extract has shown to reduce inflammation, limits platelet aggregation and reduces fat oxidation. The named polyphenol reservatrol has also been linked to the reduction in cancer cell proliferation as well as the limiting of virus expression and replication. It is from the seed, not the skin or flesh as this is the toxic element of grapes for canines. Anti-oxidants reduce cellular oxidation (e.g. ageing) and so help all cells in the body stay renewed and actively functioning. Seaweed is rich in minerals and trace elements and has a nourishing and tonic effect on all of the body's systems. It contains over 60 minerals and trace elements, 21 amino acids, simple and complex carbohydrates. It is also a rich natural source of iodine, making it an excellent supplement to support and maintain a strong glandular system, especially for the pituitary, adrenal and thyroid glands. Yeast extract is a good, healthy source of MOS and contributes to dietary fibre. It is rich in vitamins such as thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, biotin and folic acid. Dicalcium phosphate is commonly used as a dietary supplement in human foods and maintains the crucial balance required of calcium and phosphate. Malt extract is a highly concentrated and very palatable source of vitamins and minerals to aid in the balancing of the diet as a whole. Cod liver oil is known for its wonderful sources of omega 3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA), vitamin D and vitamin A. It is a great anti-inflammatory, can prevent heart disease and can help with the treatment of arthritis. Spirulina is a microscopic algae with high concentrations of beta-carotene, vit B-12, iron and trace minerals in addition to a range of phytonutrients which can strengthen the immune system, improve gastrointestinal health and act as a natural detoxifier. Catnip can ease stress and calm some cats. It is not addictive or harmful for cats. We use a dry powder formulation. Rosemary extract contains many antioxidants with a longer life span of activity to promote health and vitality. 14

15 Dog Frozen Complete Range Natures Menu Original Complete Nuggets Complete nuggets provide a safe, simple and convenient way to feed raw, enabling dogs to obtain all the nutrients they require. There are eight varieties in our standard nugget range, three of which are grain free and because they are fully balanced, there is no need to add supplements. Our dog nuggets are the equivalent size to ice cubes which makes feeding easy, allowing owners to simply count out the number of nuggets required to be defrosted and fed, without the use of weighing scales. Each bag contains approximately nuggets but always equates to 1kg. Natures Menu Original Puppy Bite Sized Nuggets Contains chicken, salmon and brown rice making them high in protein to allow for growth and development. Chicken 65% Brown rice 18.5% Salmon 10% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g:

16 Natures Menu Original Beef Bite Sized Nuggets with Vegetables and Rice Beef 45% Brown rice 13.5% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 10% Salmon 5% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g: 116 Natures Menu Original Lamb Bite Size Nuggets with Vegetables and Rice Lamb 25% Chicken 20% Brown rice 13.5% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 10% Salmon 5% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g:

17 Natures Menu Original Chicken Bite Sized Nuggets with Vegetables and Rice Chicken 45% Brown rice 13.5% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 10% Salmon 5% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g: 125 Natures Menu Original Chicken and Tripe Bite Sized Nuggets with Vegetables and Rice Tripe 25% Chicken 20% Brown rice 13.5% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 10% Salmon 5% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g:

18 Natures Menu Original Banquet Dinner Bite Sized Nuggets with Tripe, Heart, Liver, Salmon and Vegetables **Grain Free** Tripe 25% Chicken 15% Sweet Potato 13.5% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 10% Salmon 10% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g: 119 Natures Menu Original Active Dog Bite Size Nuggets with Duck, Heart, Salmon and Vegetables **Grain Free** Duck 25% Salmon 15% Sweet Potato 13.5% Chicken 10% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 10% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g:

19 Natures Menu Original Senior Chicken and Fish Bite Size Nuggets with Vegetables **Grain Free** Chicken 30% White fish 20% Sweet potato 13.5% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 10% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g:

20 Country Hunter Range Our Country Hunter raw range of products are made with 80% meat and are grain and gluten free. We have a complete frozen nugget range, ambient tins and pouches, freeze dried treats, mighty mixer and complete superfood crunch. Country Hunter Complete Nuggets Country Hunter Puppy Turkey & Fish Nuggets **Grain and gluten free** Turkey 40% Salmon 20% White fish 20% Sweet potato 10% Peas 4% Spinach 1% Seaweed 1% Grape seed extract Dicalcium phosphate *Kcals/100g:

21 Country Hunter Succulent Duck Nuggets **Grain and gluten free** Duck 80% Peas 4% Swede 4% Carrots 4% Plum 4% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Grape seed extract Dicalcium phosphate *Kcals/100g: 131 Country Hunter Wild Venison Nuggets **Grain and gluten free** Venison 80% Peas 4% Swede 4% Carrots 4% Blueberries 4% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Grape seed extract Dicalcium phosphate *Kcals/100g:

22 Country Hunter Full-Flavoured Rabbit Nuggets **Grain and gluten free** Rabbit 80% Peas 4% Swede 4% Carrots 4% Cranberry 4% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Grape seed extract Dicalcium phosphate *Kcals/100g: 145 Country Hunter Chicken & Salmon Nuggets ** Grain and gluten free ** Chicken 50% Salmon 30% Peas 4% Swede 4% Carrots 4% Raspberry 4% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Grape seed extract Dicalcium phosphate *Kcals/100g:

23 Country Hunter British Lamb Nuggets **Grain and gluten free** Lamb 80% Green beans 4% Peas 4% Apple 4% Mint 4% Spinach 1% Seaweed 1% Grape seed extract Dicalcium phosphate *Kcals/100g: 145 Country Hunter Farm Reared Turkey Nuggets **Grain and gluten free** Turkey 80% Sweet potato 4% Carrot 4% Peas 4% Apple 4% Spinach 1% Seaweed 1% Grape seed extract Dicalcium phosphate *Kcals/100g:

24 Country Hunter Grass-Fed Beef Nuggets **Grain and gluten free** Ingredients Beef 80% Redcurrant 4% Carrots 4% Swede 4% Peas 3% Chicory 1% Pea fibre Grape seed extract Dicalcium phosphate *Kcals/100g: 116 Country Hunter Turkey and Goose **Grain and gluten free** Turkey 50% Goose 30% Redcurrant 4% Swede 4% Carrot 4% Peas 4% Chicory 1% Pea fibre Grape seed extract *Kcal/100g:

25 300g Complete Block Frozen Meals Complete 300g blocks are designed for clients whose dogs require a meal of 300g, 600g, 900g or more, to enable easy, convenient single-serve portions. They are nutritionally complete and balanced, containing all the nutrients dogs need. Beef with Vegetables and Rice 300g Block Beef 45% Brown Rice 13.5% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 10% Salmon 5% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g: 116 Chicken and Salmon with Vegetables 300g Block Chicken 30% Salmon 20% Sweet Potato 13.5% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 10% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g:

26 Lamb with Vegetables and Rice 300g Block Lamb 25% Chicken 20% Brown rice 13.5% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 10% Salmon 5% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g: 155 Tripe and Chicken with Vegetables and Rice 300g Block Tripe 25% Chicken 20% Brown rice 13.5% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 10% Salmon 5% Liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g:

27 Traditional - Tripe, Chicken, Liver and Lamb with Vegetables and Bran 300g Block **Complementary Only** Tripe 28% Chicken 21% Maize 12% Bran 12% Lamb 10% Carrots 6% Peas 6% Chicken liver 5% Minerals Prebiotic MOS Grape seed extract *Kcals/100g:

28 Pure Meat Range (Complementary Range) Our range of frozen pure meats make it easy for those clients wishing to prepare a home-made diet. High quality meats, quick frozen from fresh to retain all the nutrients and supplied in a range suitable for all types of dogs and cats. 400g mince blocks and 2kg free flow mince provide delicious meaty ingredients for sensitive or allergic dogs or for those more adventurous in the kitchen when feeding their pet. These are pure meat only and will require careful supplementation with ground fresh fruit and vegetables and a carbohydrate source to provide a healthy, balanced meal. We recommend a mix of 60% meat (including bone), 20% fruit and vegetables and 20% carbohydrate or, 80% meat and 20% fruits and vegetables if an owner doesn t wish to feed carbohydrates. We have all the ingredients needed to make a home-made meal simple (see Mighty Mixer and Fruit and Veg Nuggets). All our pure meats are made from the whole carcass (except beef and tripe) and therefore, contain a small amount of minced raw bone. Beware - a diet containing too much bone can lead to constipation. White crumbly, dry stools can be an early sign of this. Pure Meats Frozen Minced 400g Blocks easy to use portions Chicken (173 kcals/100g) Chicken is a delicious light meat, a firm favourite for all dogs. An easily digestible protein that contains many B vitamins and useful amounts of iron, zinc, phosphorus, selenium, potassium and essential fatty acids. Minced raw poultry bones are an excellent source of calcium and has always been an important part of a natural diet. Bone contains calcium and phosphorus in the correct ratio and is great for building strong bones and teeth. It is also a natural source of glucosamine and chondroitin. Chicken and liver (127 kcals/100g) Chicken is a delicious meat, a firm favourite for all dogs. An easily digestible protein that contains many B vitamins and useful amounts of iron, zinc, phosphorus, selenium, potassium and essential fatty acids. Liver is a nutritious organ including vitamins A, D and C. Minced raw poultry bones are an excellent source of calcium and has always been an important part of a natural diet. Bone contains calcium and phosphorus in the correct ratio and is great for building strong bones and teeth. It is also a natural source of glucosamine and chondroitin. Chicken and tripe (164 kcals/100g) Tripe has a diverse profile of nutrients including enzymes, natural prebiotics and co-nutrients. It has long been fed by raw feeders to provide a tasty, nutrient rich meal. 28

29 Chicken is a delicious meat, a firm favourite for all dogs. An easily digestible protein that contains many B vitamins and useful amounts of iron, zinc, phosphorus, selenium, potassium and essential fatty acids. Minced raw poultry bones are an excellent source of calcium and has always been an important part of a natural diet. Bone contains calcium and phosphorus in the correct ratio and is great for building strong bones and teeth. It is also a natural source of glucosamine and chondroitin. White fish (62 kcals/100g) Fish is easy to digest and the nutrients are readily absorbed. It is considered to be gentle on digestion and is great for those with sensitive stomachs. Fish is high in protein and low in fat so great for dogs trying to lose weight or for those whose energy levels are no longer what they once were. Lamb and chicken (178 kcals/100g) Lamb is an energy rich protein and is packed with healthy vitamin A, B vitamins including lots of B12, plus essential nutrients such as copper, zinc, phosphorus and selenium. Lamb also has a unique fat content in that over half of the fat (around 60%) is the healthy unsaturated type which is good for the body. Chicken is a delicious light meat, a firm favourite for all dogs. An easily digestible protein that contains many B vitamins and useful amounts of iron, zinc, phosphorus, selenium, potassium and essential fatty acids. Minced raw poultry and lamb bones are an excellent source of calcium and has always been an important part of a natural diet. Bone contains calcium and phosphorus in the correct ratio and is great for building strong bones and teeth. It is also a natural source of glucosamine and chondroitin. Rabbit and chicken (176 kcals/100g) Rabbit is a firm favourite amongst all breeds of dogs, often the catch of choice in the British countryside. It is packed with vitamins such as B12, B3 and B6 and is a great source of the mineral selenium which the body uses to create antioxidants. Chicken is a delicious light meat, a firm favourite for all dogs. An easily digestible protein that contains many B vitamins and useful amounts of iron, zinc, phosphorus, selenium, potassium and essential fatty acids. Minced raw poultry and rabbit bones are an excellent source of calcium and has always been an important part of a natural diet. Bone contains calcium and phosphorus in the correct ratio and is great for building strong bones and teeth. It is also a natural source of glucosamine and chondroitin. 29

30 Tripe (137 kcals/100g) Dogs love tripe. It contains a diverse profile of nutrients including enzymes to help establish a good gut environment for digestion, natural probiotics and phytonutrients. It has been fed by raw feeders for many years as a tasty meal. Tripe is considered a source of good bacteria and is used to help maintain optimum gut flora. Turkey (182 kcals/100g) Our turkey mince is an excellent source of highly digestible, lean protein, rich in selenium and with natural omega 3 and 6 fatty acids. Turkey also contains an excellent balance of essential amino acids and higher levels of the calming amino acid tryptophan. Minced raw poultry bones are an excellent source of calcium and has always been an important part of a natural diet. Bone contains calcium and phosphorus in the correct ratio and is great for building strong bones and teeth. It is also a natural source of glucosamine and chondroitin. Beef and chicken (122 kcals/100g) Beef is an excellent source of protein, with many essential nutrients and vitamins, rich in zinc and iron to help maintain stamina and heart health. Beef is a complete protein meaning it contains all essential amino acids required by dogs. Minced poultry bone is an excellent source of calcium and has always been an important part of a natural diet. Chicken is a superb lean protein, rich in natural oils that contain omega 3 and 6 fatty acids and essential amino acids. Beef and tripe (190 kcals/100g) Great quality beef and tripe mix to be defrosted and fed raw. Beef is an excellent source of protein, with many essential nutrients and vitamins, rich in zinc and iron to help maintain stamina and heart health. Beef is a complete protein meaning it contains all essential amino acids required by dogs. Dogs love tripe. It contains a diverse profile of nutrients including enzymes to help establish a good gut environment for digestion, natural probiotics and phytonutrients. It has been fed by raw feeders for many years as a tasty meal. Tripe is thought to contain lactobacillus acidophilus, a rich probiotic used to help maintain optimum gut flora. All beef (141 kcals/100g) Beef is an excellent source of protein, with many essential nutrients and vitamins, rich in zinc and iron to help maintain stamina and heart health. Beef is a complete protein meaning it contains all essential amino acids required by dogs. 30

31 Pure Meats Free Flow 2kg Mince easy to pour enabling accurate portion control Tripe (146 kcals/100g) Dogs love tripe. It contains a diverse profile of nutrients including enzymes to help establish a good gut environment for digestion, natural probiotics and phytonutrients. It has been fed by raw feeders for many years as a tasty meal. Natures Menu tripe contains lactobacillus acidophilus, a rich probiotic used to help maintain optimum gut flora. Lamb and chicken (209 kcals/100g) Lamb is a complete protein and is packed with healthy vitamin A, B vitamins including lots of B12, plus essential nutrients such as copper, zinc, phosphorus and selenium. Lamb also has a unique fat content in that over half of the fat (around 60%) is the healthy unsaturated type which is good for the body. Chicken is a delicious light meat, a firm favourite for all dogs. An easily digestible protein that contains many B vitamins and useful amounts of iron, zinc, phosphorus, selenium, potassium and essential fatty acids. Minced raw poultry and lamb bones are an excellent source of calcium and has always been an important part of a natural diet. Bone contains calcium and phosphorus and is great for building strong bones and teeth. It is also a natural source of glucosamine and chondroitin. Chicken and tripe (164 kcals/100g) Tripe has a diverse profile of nutrients including enzymes, natural prebiotics and co-nutrients. It has long been fed by raw feeders to provide a tasty nutrient rich meal. Chicken is a delicious meat, a firm favourite for all dogs. An easily digestible protein that contains many B vitamins and useful amounts of iron, zinc, phosphorus, selenium, potassium and essential fatty acids. Minced raw poultry bones are an excellent source of calcium. Bone contains calcium and phosphorus and is great for building strong bones and teeth. It is also a natural source of glucosamine and chondroitin. Chicken (183 kcals/100g) Chicken is a delicious light meat, a firm favourite for all dogs. An easily digestible protein that contains many B vitamins and useful amounts of iron, zinc, phosphorus, selenium, potassium and essential fatty acids. Minced raw poultry bones are an excellent source of calcium and has always been an important part of a natural diet. Bone contains calcium and phosphorus and is great for building strong bones and teeth. It is also a natural source of glucosamine and chondroitin. Beef (203 kcals/100g) Beef is an excellent source of protein, with many essential nutrients and vitamins, rich in zinc and iron to help maintain stamina and heart health. 31

32 Raw Frozen Nuggets for Cats Cats are carnivores and thrive on fresh meat. Our cat frozen nugget range is made from high quality meats with the addition of cranberries and butternut squash to help provide a healthy vitamin profile which most cats will find irresistible. We have also included a bespoke herb mix to replicate a cat s natural hunting menu and the ingredients found in the digestive tract of their natural prey. Cats are generally fussier than dogs and most require a transition over to raw, especially if they are used to being fed a kibble diet. We would advise changing cats over to our ambient pouches and once established, gradually start by adding a defrosted raw nugget to the pouch every day, slowly increasing the frozen and decreasing the pouch amounts over a few weeks. Our frozen cat range is conveniently formed into small bite-sized cat nuggets to enable easy portion control and simple defrosting. The Natures Menu True Instinct range is the only range to include complete raw cat nuggets hence the cat True Instinct Raw Bite products are included within this module, as well as in the True Instinct Advisor course. True Instinct Raw Bites Free Range Chicken for cats **Grain and gluten free** Chicken 90% Cranberries 1% Butternut squash 1% Rosemary Parsley Dandelion Root Hawthorn Leaf Pea Fibre Beet Pulp Dicalcium Phosphate *Kcal/100g:

33 True Instinct Raw Bites Turkey with Salmon for cats **Grain and gluten free** Turkey 80% Salmon 10% Cranberries 1% Butternut squash 1% Rosemary Parsley Dandelion Root Hawthorn Leaf Pea Fibre Beet Pulp Dicalcium Phosphate *Kcal/100g:

34 Ambient Complete Range At Natures Menu, we understand that storing frozen meals is not always easy when you are away from home. For this reason, we have developed our ambient range of tins and pouches that contain all the essential vitamins and minerals that your pet requires. These are different to other tin and pouch meals, as the ingredients are placed into the packaging 100% raw and then gently cooked, ensuring that all the nutrients remain within the tin or pouch. We use a broth which consists of a little water added before cooking, to prevent the contents becoming dried out during the cooking process. Through this process, the ingredients lose some of their nutrients into the surrounding water, turning it into a broth full of the nutrients which may have otherwise been lost. Most other brands place their ingredients precooked into the container and then cook for a second time to ensure their sterility and limit bacteria levels. This method can destroy nutrients, as many vitamins and minerals are sensitive to high temperatures causing limited bioavailability. We like to call our ambient range the next best thing to raw and it can be used as an alternative for raw fed cats and dogs when owners are away on holiday, have limited freezer space, are attending dog and cat shows or when they may have forgotten to defrost their pets food in preparation for the next meal. Please remember every pet is an individual and some pets may be more sensitive to change. All the ingredients are of the same high quality used in our raw products. 34

35 Country Hunter Dog Tins Country Hunter Wild Venison 400g & 600g Tin ** Grain and gluten free ** ** Single protein ** Venison 80% Blueberries 4% Peas 3% Swede 3% Carrots 3% Apples 3% Seaweed 1.5% Spinach 1.5% Sunflower oil <1% *kcals/100g: 106 Grape seed extract Yeast extract 35

36 Country Hunter Succulent Duck 400g & 600g Tin ** Grain and gluten free ** ** Single protein ** Duck 80% Plum 4% Peas 3% Swede 3% Carrots 3% Apples 3% Seaweed 1.5% Spinach 1.5% Sunflower oil <1% Grape seed extract *kcals/100g: 102 Yeast extract Country Hunter Full- Flavoured Rabbit 400g & 600g Tins ** Grain and gluten free ** ** Single protein ** Rabbit 80% Cranberry 4% Peas 3% Swede 3% Carrots 3% Apples 3% Seaweed 1.5% Spinach 1.5% Sunflower oil <1% *kcals/100g: 93 Grape seed extract Yeast extract 36

37 Country Hunter Farm Reared Turkey 400g & 600g Tins ** Grain and gluten free ** ** Single protein ** Turkey 80% Cranberry 4% Pears 4% Pumpkin seed 3% Butternut squash 3% Broccoli 3% Cod liver oil 2% Kelp 0.7% Spinach 0.7% *kcals/100g: 87 Country Hunter Delicious Wild Boar 600g Tins ** Grain and gluten free ** ** Single protein ** Boar 80% Blackcurrant 4% Apples 4% Pumpkin seed 3% Butternut squash 3% Broccoli 3% Cod liver oil 1.5% Kelp 0.7% Spinach 0.7% *kcals/100g:

38 Country Hunter Salmon & Chicken 600g Tins ** Grain and gluten free ** Salmon 43% Chicken 37% Raspberry 4% Peas 3% Carrots 3% Swede 3% Seaweed 1.5% Spinach 1.5% Sunflower oil <1% *kcals/100g: 102 Grape seed extract Yeast extract Country Hunter Mackerel & Chicken 400g & 600g Tins ** Grain and gluten free ** Mackerel 40% Chicken 40% Redcurrant 4% Pears 3.5% Pumpkin seed 3% Butternut squash 3% Broccoli 3% Cod liver oil 1.5% Kelp 0.7% Spinach 0.7% *kcals/100g: 92 38

39 Country Hunter Peasant & Goose 400 & 600g Tins ** Grain and gluten free ** Pheasant 40% Goose 40% Redcurrant 4% Pears 3.5% Pumpkin seed 3% Butternut squash 3% Broccoli 3% Cod liver oil 1.5% Kelp 0.7% Spinach 0.7% *kcals/100g: 92 Natures Menu Original Tins Puppy and Junior Chicken and Turkey with Added Sunflower Oil 400g Tin Chicken 55% Broth 25% Turkey 15% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Sunflower oil 1% Grape seed extract Yeast extract *kcals/100g:

40 Beef with Chicken, Potato, Peas and Carrots 400g Tin Beef min 37% Chicken min 18% Potato min 8% Carrots min 6% Peas min 4% Sunflower oil <1% *kcals/100g: 107 Chicken with Potato, Peas and Carrots 400g Tin Chicken min 55% Sweet potato min 8% Carrots min 8% Peas min 4% Sunflower oil <1% *kcals/100g: 107 Lamb and Chicken with Vegetables and Rice 400g Tin Lamb min 30% Chicken min 29% Carrots min 6% Peas min 4% Brown rice min 4% Sunflower oil <1% *kcals/100g: 102 Chicken with Salmon, Vegetables and Rice 400g Tin Chicken min 34% Salmon min 25% Carrots min 6% Brown rice min 4% Peas min 4% Sunflower oil <1% *kcals/100g:

41 Natures Menu Original Dog Pouches Chicken with Vegetables and Rice 300g Pouch Chicken min 60% Broth 28% Peas min 4% Carrots min 4% Brown rice min 2% *kcals/100g: 98 Turkey with Chicken, Vegetables and Rice 300g Pouch Turkey min 40% Broth 28% Chicken min 20% Peas min 4% Carrots min 4% Brown rice 2% *kcals/100g: 98 41

42 Chicken & Duck, Vegetables and Rice 300g Pouch Chicken min 45% Duck min 15% Peas min 4% Carrots min 4% Brown rice min 2% *kcals/100g: 98 Beef with Tripe and Vegetables and Rice 300g Pouch Beef min 40% Broth 28% Tripe min 20% Peas min 4% Carrots min 4% Brown rice min 2% *kcals/100g: 81 Chicken with Rabbit, Vegetables and Rice 300g Pouch Chicken min 46% Broth 28% Rabbit min 14% Peas min 4% Carrots min 4% Brown rice min 2% *kcals/100g: 87 42

43 Lamb with Chicken, Vegetables and Rice 300g Pouch Lamb min 40% Broth 28% Chicken min 20% Brown rice min 4% Peas min 4% Carrots min 4% *kcals/100g: 87 Puppy and Junior Chicken and Lamb with Rice 300g Pouch Chicken min 48% Broth 28% Lamb min 20% Brown rice min 2% *kcals/100g:

44 Puppy and Junior Feeding Guide AMBIENT COMPLETE Weight (Kgs) Up to 4 months From 4-9 months From 9-12 months Grams/day Grams/day Grams/day It is safe to adjust these recommended amounts for individuals, based on their health, lifestyle and appetite 44

45 Country Hunter Dog Pouches ** All grain & gluten free ** ** Single source proteins ** Succulent Duck with Wholesome Fruit and Veg 150g Pouch Duck min 80% Sweet Potato 3% Carrots 3% Green Beans 3% Mixed Berries 2% Spirulina 0.5% Yucca Extract Green Tea Extract Grape Seed Extract Rosemary Extract *kcals/100g: 123 Farm-reared Turkey with Wholesome Fruit and Veg 150g Pouch Turkey min 80% Sweet Potato 3% Carrots 3% Green Beans 3% Mixed Berries 2% Spirulina 0.5% Yucca Extract Green Tea Extract Grape Seed Extract Rosemary Extract *kcals/100g:

46 Free Range Chicken with Wholesome Fruit and Veg 150g Pouch Free Range Chicken min 80% Sweet Potato 3% Carrots 3% Green Beans 3% Mixed Berries 2% Spirulina 0.5% Yucca Extract Green Tea Extract Grape Seed Extract Rosemary Extract *kcals/100g: 116 Grass Grazed Beef with Wholesome Fruit and Veg 150g Pouch Beef min 80% Sweet Potato 3% Carrots 3% Green Beans 3% Mixed Berries 2% Spirulina 0.5% Yucca Extract Green Tea Extract Grape Seed Extract Rosemary Extract *kcals/100g:

47 Toy Weight (Kg) Grams/day Adult Dog Feeding Guide AMBIENT COMPLETE Small Medium Large Weight (Kg) Grams/day Giant These recommendations are for guidance only. It is safe to adjust these amounts for individuals based on health, lifestyle and appetite to achieve an ideal trim body condition.

48 Natures Menu Original Cat Pouches Beef and Chicken 100g Pouch Beef min 40% Chicken min 30% Broth 28% *kcals/100g: 88 Chicken with Salmon and Tuna 100g Pouch Chicken min 60% Broth 28% Salmon min 6% Tuna min 4% *kcals/100g: 96 Chicken and Turkey 100g Pouch Chicken min 55% Broth 28% Turkey min 15% *kcals/100g: 96 48

49 Senior - Chicken with Salmon and Cod 100g Pouch Chicken min 48% Broth 28% Cod min 12% Brown rice 5% Salmon min 4% Cranberry 1% *kcals/100g: 80 Kitten Chicken 100g Pouch Chicken min 70% Broth 28% *kcals/100g:

50 Kitten Feeding Guide AMBIENT COMPLETE Weight (kgs) Up to 4 months From 4-9 months From 9-12 months Grams/day Grams/day Grams/day It is safe to adjust these recommended amounts for individuals, based on their health, lifestyle and appetite. 50

51 Country Hunter Cat Pouches Turkey and Rabbit with Wholesome Superfoods 85g Turkey 62% Rabbit 34% Blackcurrant 1% Cranberry 1% Spirulina 0.5% Catnip 0.01% Yucca Extract Green Tea Extract Grape Seed Extract Rosemary Extract *kcals/100g: 96 Duck and Pheasant with Wholesome Superfoods 85g Duck 56% Pheasant 40% Blueberry 1% Cranberry 1% Spirulina 0.5% Catnip 0.01% Yucca Extract Green Tea Extract Grape Seed Extract Rosemary Extract *kcals/100g: 95 51

52 Chicken and Goose with Wholesome Superfoods 85g Chicken 62% Goose 34% Redcurrant 1% Cranberry 1% Spirulina 0.5% Catnip 0.01% Yucca Extract Green Tea Extract Grape Seed Extract Rosemary Extract *kcals/100g: 95 Chicken and Heart with Wholesome Superfoods 85g Chicken 75% Chicken Heart 21% Raspberry 1% Cranberry 1% Spirulina 0.5% Catnip 0.01% Yucca Extract Green Tea Extract Grape Seed Extract Rosemary Extract *kcals/100g: 95 52

53 Adult Cat Feeding guide AMBIENT COMPLETE Ideal Weight (Kgs) Grams/ day It is safe to adjust these recommended amounts for individuals, based on their health, lifestyle and appetite. 53

54 Mixer Biscuits Our Mighty Mixer choices are either a gently baked option or a more economical extruded biscuit and are designed for those clients who may wish to make their own diets for their dogs. They contain the carbohydrate and vegetable element of the important 60:20:20 ratio. Customers have the option of adding a splash of water to our mixers or feeding dry, then adding to one of our tasty single source meats in a ratio of 60% meat and 40% mixer. Our Mighty Mixers are a complementary food ONLY, specifically designed to be mixed with raw meats, and cannot be fed as the sole constituent of a complete and balanced diet. Country Hunter Mighty Mixer(baked) 700g ** Complementary Product ** Oats 44% Beef liver 10% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 5% Apples 5% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Salmon oil 1% Blueberry 1% Grape seed extract Yeast extract Malt extract *kcals/100g: 358 Dicalcium phosphate 54

55 Mighty Mixer Turkey & Oats (extruded) 2kg ** Complementary Product ** Oats 39% Peas 16% Potato 16% Turkey 14.5% Carrots 4.9% Apple 3% Poultry fat 2.6% Flaxseed 1% Fish oil 1% Kelp Pumpkin Chicory root Rosemary Dried broccoli *Kcal/100g: 361 Mighty Mixer Salmon & Potato (extruded) 2kg ** Complementary Product ** Ingredients Potato 25% Oats 23.6% Peas 23.5% Salmon 14.5% Carrots 4.9% Apple 3% Poultry fat 2.6% Flaxseed 1% Fish oil 1% Kelp Pumpkin Chicory root Rosemary Dried broccoli *Kcal/100g:

56 Fruit and Vegetable Bite Sized Frozen Nuggets ** Complementary Product ** Purely ground fruit and vegetable nuggets, these are a must for owners wishing to make their own diets at home. When feeding fruit and vegetables to dogs, it is important they are finely ground as the cellulose outer skin cannot be digested, therefore nutrients cannot be obtained. Our fruit and veg nuggets are already finely ground and contain a mix of healthy ingredients. Peas 30% Carrots 30% Swede 30% Apple 5% Blueberries 3% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% 56

57 Country Hunter Seriously Meaty Superfood Crunch Complete Our Super Food Crunch range allows pet owners to have the freedom of feeding a great quality food, without the need for a freezer. Great for holidays or just for a change, our Superfood Crunch can be fed straight away without the need for a transition period. A blend of our gently baked Mighty Mixer Oaty Crunch biscuits and freeze dried pure meat Country Hunter Nuggets to retain all the nutrients, Superfood Crunch is packed full of goodness that dogs will love. If this is to be used as the everyday diet, we recommend it to be fed to dogs over the age of 1 year. Country Hunter Duck with Plum Complete Superfood Crunch 700g The meaty bit ingredients: Duck 60% Peas 10% Swede 10% Carrots 7% Apples 5% Plum 4% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Grape seed extract Yeast extract Dicalcium phosphate The crunchy bit ingredients: Oats 44% Beef liver 10% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 5% Apples 5% Blueberry 1% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Salmon oil 1% Grape seed extract Yeast extract Malt extract Dicalcium phosphate * Kcal/100g:

58 Country Hunter Rabbit with Cranberry Complete Superfood Crunch 700g The meaty bit Rabbit 60% Peas 10% Swede 10% Carrots 7% Apples 5% Cranberry 4% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Grape seed extract Yeast extract Dicalcium phosphate The crunchy bit ingredients: Oats 44% Beef liver 10% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 5% Apples 5% Blueberry 1% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Salmon oil 1% Grape seed extract Yeast extract Malt extract Dicalcium phosphate * Kcal/100g:

59 Country Hunter Venison with Blueberry Complete Superfood Crunch 700g The meaty bit ingredients: Venison 60% Peas 10% Swede 10% Carrots 7% Apples 5% Blueberries 4% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Grape seed extract Yeast extract Dicalcium phosphate The crunchy bit ingredients: Oats 44% Beef liver 10% Peas 10% Carrots 10% Swede 5% Apples 5% Blueberry 1% Seaweed 1% Spinach 1% Salmon oil 1% Grape seed extract Yeast extract Malt extract Dicalcium phosphate * 368 kcals/100 59

60 Toy Weight (Kg) Grams/day Adult Dog Feeding Guide SUPERFOOD CRUNCH Small Medium 6 81 Weight (Kg) Grams/day Giant Large These recommendations are for guidance only. It is safe to adjust these amounts for individuals based on health, lifestyle and appetite to achieve an ideal trim body condition. 60

61 Country Hunter Freeze Dried Treats Our range of Country Hunter Freeze Dried Treats are available for both dogs and cats. They are available in the following flavours and are simply the fresh, raw meaty nuggets, freeze dried to retain all their goodness. The ingredients are the same as the fresh frozen nuggets but have a slightly lower meat content of 60% however, the nutritional quality remains of the same superior standard. An irresistible snack for even the fussiest of pets. Dog Country Hunter Treats Duck with Plum 50g pouch (368 kcals/100g) Rabbit with Cranberry 50g pouch (368 kcals/100g) Venison with Blueberry 50g pouch (396 kcals/100g) Cat Country Hunter Treats Chicken and Duck 40g pouch (361 kcals/100g) Chicken and Rabbit 40g pouch (361 kcals/100g) 61

62 95% Real Meaty Treats Our grain and gluten free real meaty treats for cats and dogs contain 95% real meat that have been gently cooked to release an amazing meaty flavour. These are great for training and a wonderful option for owners to hide medication in. Cat Real Meaty Treats: With Chicken & Liver 60g pack (317 kcals/100g) With Chicken & Turkey 60g pack (317 kcals/100g) With Salmon & Trout 60g pack (317 kcals/100g) Dog Real Meaty Treats: Chicken 60g pack (317 kcals/100g) Beef 60g pack (317 kcals/100g) Chicken with Lamb 60g pack (317 kcals/100g) 62

63 Bones and Chewing Meats We supply a healthy range of raw meaty bones and chewing meats, all of which are fully traceable and deep frozen at -18 o C for a minimum of 10 days. It is important to educate owners in the feeding of bones, especially if they are new to raw feeding. Chicken wings are great for puppies as young as 10 weeks old and for people who are new to feeding bones. We advise owners to keep hold of one end of the bone and enable the dog to lick, chew and nibble at the meat. This helps to teach dogs to be patient and to chew the meat and bones rather than gulping it down in one go. However, if this should happen it should not be a cause of concern. Gulping is a natural behaviour for dogs retained from the days when they roamed free and food was scarce. Canines learnt to gulp their meals quickly before another animal could pass by and steal it away from them. As long as the bones being fed are raw (NEVER cooked) and an appropriate size and density, puppies, adult dogs and cats are able to digest the bone without any health issues arising. Cats regularly hunt for mice, birds and other small rodents, often swallowing them whole, and in comparison to their small oesophagus size, this has never been made into a widespread health concern. Care must be taken with the types of bones given to dogs. Age must be considered as puppies should not be given our marrow bones or knuckle bones due to their hard density and the risk of fracturing developing, fragile teeth. Older dogs who are inexperienced bone eaters should also be introduced the same way as puppies, with the bones becoming more adventurous as the dog gains experience. Established raw feeders generally know what types of bone suit their dogs, and cats can enjoy a chicken wing or turkey neck. However, be careful cats do not take the raw bone and hide it somewhere (i.e. under the sofa) for later! Excluding the marrow bone and knuckle bone, all our raw meaty bones and chewing meats are designed to be completely consumed, although not all dogs will choose to do this. We would suggest feeding an appropriate raw bone 1-3 times a week and adjusting the main meals accordingly. They can contain natural sources of glucosamine and chondroitin and many other vitamins and minerals. The faeces will be much lighter in colour and drier, have a less pungent smell and be easier to pick up due to the bone content. However, beware as feeding too much bone can lead to constipation. Feeding bones also allows for the natural cleaning of teeth. For many years, we have been taught that dry kibble foods are best for cleaning teeth but when was the last time you ate a cream cracker to clean your teeth? In fact, some kibbles can coat the teeth in a sugary film providing an ideal environment for bacteria to develop and oral problems to occur. A carnivore eating a bone allows all dentition to be used as it was designed for: incisors for nibbling small, meaty pieces and cartilage away 63

64 from the bone, canines for gripping larger meaty pieces and ripping/tearing through chunks and pre molars and molars for grinding down pieces of meat and crushing bone. Bones are nature s toothbrush. All animals should be supervised when eating bones, chews and chunks. We advise to be cautious offering raw meaty bones and chews to pets not already fed a raw diet as their digestive system may not be able to handle them as well as a raw fed pet. We also advise to introduce raw meaty bones 3-4 weeks after transitioning them to a raw diet, as this allows the body to adapt to the new food. All of our bones use colour coded packaging according to the protein source. This is replicated in the list below and the chunk packaging will follow this same rule when redesigned. This complementary range can be fed as an occasional treat or as part of a homemade balanced diet. Our cat-friendly options are indicated on the list below using and are also indicated on the Natures Menu bone guide. see later notes for traffic light key indicated on RHS of table. Meaty bones Beef marrowbone great for longer chewing, a tougher bone for hours of tasty fun (not for puppies), but more for your experienced adult dogs Beef knucklebone Beef ribs great for longer chewing, especially excellent for cleaning teeth (not for puppies), but more for your experienced adult dogs a classic raw meaty bone great for cleaning teeth Duck necks delicious and crunchy Turkey necks packed with bone and cartilage Duck wings a good beginners chew containing soft bone and cartilage Chicken wings contain soft bones and cartilage, great for beginners Lamb necks tough and meaty raw bone great for medium to large experienced dogs 64

65 Lamb ribs tough raw bony snack full of natural nutrients and great for small to medium experienced dogs Meaty chews & chunks Beef trachea a super chew which makes a great, healthy alternative to rawhide Beef chunks Meaty beef chews Poultry liver chewy chunks of pure beef making a great healthy snack or part of a homemade diet tough, throttle chew free from bone rich in nutrients and a great addition to diets in moderation chunks Breast meat tasty chunks of lean, protein-packed breast meat chunks Poultry hearts Fish fillet chunks tender, chewy poultry hearts are packed with natural nutrients and vitamins healthy and low fat. Great for sensitive tummies Tripe chunks rich in vitamins and minerals, a tasty chewy (if not slightly smelly!) irresistible addition to any raw diet 65

66 A more detailed table of the various bones, meaty chews and chunks available, with suggested experience levels for each, can be found on the Natures Menu website. 66