MYCOTOXINS IN PLANT DISEASE

Transcription

1 MYCOTOXINS IN PLANT DISEASE

2 Mycotoxins in Plant Disease Under the aegis of COST Action 835 'Agricu1turally Important Toxigenic Fungi ', EU project (QLK 1-CT ), and ISPP 'Fusarium Committee' Edited by: A. Logrieco, J.A. Bailey, L. Corazza and B.M. Cooke Reprinted from European Journal of Plant Pathology, Volume 108, Issue 7, '' SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

3 A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Iibrary of Congress ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Printed an acid-free paper AII Rights Reserved 2002 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers 2002 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.

4 Contents Foreword A.F. Logrieco, L. Corazza and A. Bottalico Toxigenic Fusarium species and mycotoxins associated with maize ear rot in Europe A. Logrieco, G. Mule, A. Moretti and A. Bottalico Toxigenic Fusarium species and mycotoxins associated with head blight in small-grain cereals in Europe A. Bottalico and G. Perrone Deoxynivalenol, nivalenol and moniliformin in wheat samples with head blight (scab) symptoms in Poland ( ) M. Tomczak, H. Wisniewska, L. St~pien, M. Kostecki, 1. Chelkowski and P. Golinski Ochratoxin A in cereals, foodstuffs and human plasma A. Rizzo, M. Eskola and F. Atroshi Ochratoxin A in grapes and wine P. Battilani and A. Pietri Ear rot susceptibility and mycotoxin contamination of maize hybrids inoculated with Fusarium species under field conditions M. Pascale, A. Visconti and 1. Chelkowski Studies on the infection process of Fusarium culmorum in wheat spikes: Degradation of host cell wall components and localization of trichothecene toxins in infected tissue Z. Kang and H. Buchenauer Production of beauvericin by different races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis, the Fusarium wilt agent of muskmelon A. Moretti, A. Belisario, A. Tafuri, A. Ritieni, L. Corazza and A. Logrieco Epidemiology of Fusarium infection and deoxynivalenol content in winter wheat in the Rhineland, Germany B. Birzele, A. Meier, H. Hindorf, 1. Krämer and H.-W. Dehne Role of deoxynivalenol in aggressiveness of Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum and in resistance to Fusarium head blight A. Mesterh:.izy Relationship between growth and mycotoxin production by Fusarium species, biocides and environment N. Magan, R. Hope, A. Colleate and E.S. Baxter Genetic analysis of the role of trichothecene and fumonisin mycotoxins in the virulence of Fusarium R.H. Proctor, A.E. Desjardins, S.P. McCormick, R.D. Plattner, N.J. Alexander and D.W. Brown vii

5 Saccharomyces cerevisae and Arabidopsis thaliana: Useful model systems for the identification of molecular mechanisms involved in resistance of plants to toxins R. Mitterbauer and G. Adam Mycotoxin genetics and gene clusters G.S. Sidhu Biosynthesis of depsipeptide mycotoxins in Fusarium T. Hombogen, M. Glinski and R. Zocher Secretion of natural and synthetic toxic compounds from filamentous fungi by membrane transporters of the ATP-binding cassette and major facilitator superfamily I. Stergiopoulos, L.-H. Zwiers and M.A. De Waard

6 Foreword There is an urgent need to expand our knowledge of both the nature of the toxigenic fungi that are widespread on economically-important plants and the effect of their toxic secondary metabolites on human health. Information about the production of mycotoxins by plant pathogens, particularly by species of Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium, their occurrence in infected plants, as well as their role in the plant-pathogen interaction, for example as virulence/pathogenicity factors, is a pre-requisite for preventing plant disease and hence for reducing the Ievels of mycotoxin contamination. Fusarium infections in cereals and other crops are a particular problern world-wide and recent epidemics on wheat in Europe, the USA and Canada have again focused attention on this problem. Furthermore, species ofaspergillus and Penicillium and their related mycotoxins, particularly Ochratoxin A, represent another consistent problern on cereals and grapes, especially in Europe where 40% of the global grape crop is grown. The aim of this publication is to gather together specialist updated reviews based on papers originally presented during a Workshop of EU Cost Action 835 entitled 'Agriculturally Important Taxigenie Fungi', held in Rome, 7-8 October 1999 at the Plant Pathology Research Institute. We hope the diversity of the contents will stimulate discussion, encourage the sharing of information and result in cross-fertilization of ideas needed for the solution of the present problems. This special issue will be of particular value to interdisciplinary scientists and especially mycologists, mycotoxicologists, plant pathologists and those concerned about the quality of food and food products. We express our sincere appreciation to the contributors for their excellent and timely contributions. We are also extremely grateful to Dr John Bailey and Professor Mike Cooke for their excellent and fruitful reviews of all the papers, to Mariella Quarto for careful support in preparing the original text and to Dr Roel Mulder for supporting the project. ANTONIO F. LOGRIECO LUCIANA CüRAZZA ANTONIO BüTTALICO