PROPINEB. Crop Country Application PHI, days Form. No. g ai/hl kg ai/ha. Grapes Austria 70 WP up to France 70 WP up to 2 up to 2.

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1 9 PROPINEB EXPLANATION Propineb was evaluated in 9, 984 and 985. The temporary ADI was withdrawn by the 985 JMPR, but the CCPR maintained the guideline levels for propylenethiourea. USE PATTERN Propineb is a protectant foliar-applied fungicide with long residual activity and belongs to the dithiocarbamate group of compounds. It is used as a protective treatment on several crops for the control of various fungi, especially Oomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Fungi imperfecti. Propineb controls blight on potatoes and tomatoes, downy mildew on hops and vines, apple scab, blue mould on tobacco and Sigatoka disease of bananas. It can also be used on gooseberries, black currants, celery and cereals. Propineb is applied as a WG or WP formulation mainly as a spray. It is also applied, especially in southern Europe, in combination with oxadixyl, carbendazim, copper oxychloride, triadimefon or cymoxanil. Table shows the registered uses of propineb reported to the Meeting. However, the principal manufacturer intends to recommend the use of propineb only on the following crops: s, tomatoes, potatoes, pome fruit, onions, melons and bell peppers. In this monograph residue data are reviewed only for these crops. Table. Registered or approved uses of propineb Crop Country Application PHI, days Form. No. g ai/hl kg ai/ha Grapes Austria WP -4. up to. France WP up to up to.8 Germany WG WG up to up to 6.4 up to. up to Greece WP 65 WP Italy WP 65 WP Portugal WP up to.45-. Spain WP up to , Thailand WP Turkey WP - up to.4 Melons Australia WP up to up to.4 Guatemala WP Korea WP up to up to. Japan WP up to Turkey WP - up to.84 Onions Australia WP up to 4.4 up to.8 4 Israel WP up to up to.5

2 8 propineb Crop Country Application PHI, days Form. No. g ai/hl kg ai/ha Japan WP up to Spain WP up to Venezuela WP Pome fruit Germany WG up to up to.58 Italy WP 65 WP -5 up to Japan WP up to 4 up to Korea WP up to up to 5.6 Portugal WP up to up to. Taiwan WP - up to.5 Turkey WP 4-5 up to 4. 4 Potatoes Australia WP up to.4 up to. Colombia WP up to Germany WG Greece WP 65 WP Guatemala WP Indonesia WP up to Peru WP Portugal WP up to 8. up to. Spain WP Venezuela WP Tomatoes Australia WP up to up to.4 Germany WP up to 4, Greece WP 65 WP Indonesia WP up to Italy WP 65 WP up to. up to.4 Morocco WP Spain WP RESIDUES RESULTING FROM SUPERVISED TRIALS A number of trials were carried out with several crops in various countries. The residues determined were propineb, measured and calculated as, as well as the major metabolite propylenethiourea () and in some cases propylenediamine (PDA). The results are discussed in relation to the current registered uses. The following country codes are used in the Tables: ARG-Argentina, AUL-Australia, AUS-Austria, BEL-Belgium, CHI-Chile, CYP-Cyprus, DEN- Denmark, FIN-Finland, FRA-France, GER-Germany, HUN-Hungary, ISR- Israel, ITA-Italy, JPN-Japan, LUX-Luxembourg, MAL-Malaysia, MOZ- Mozambique, NET-Netherlands, NZE-New Zealand, POR-Portugal, SAF-South Africa, SPA-Spain, SWE-Sweden, SWI-Switzerland, TAW-Taiwan, TUR-Turkey, YUG-Yugoslavia. Underlined residues are from treatments according to GAP. Pome fruits. A total of supervised trials were conducted in Germany with Antracol WG/WP ( on apples and on pears), where up to sprays

3 propineb 8 were applied at rates from.45 to. kg ai/ha. The dosage rates and preharvest intervals accord with those in effect in several countries. The results are summarized in Tables and. Residues of propineb in fruit 4- days after the last treatment ranged from mg/kg to.96 mg/kg. For the main metabolite,, the results were in the range to.8 mg/kg. Table. Residues of propineb in apples from supervised trials in Germany with Antracol WP. Sample, Year Application PHI, days Residue, mg/kg Ref. No. kg ai/ha kg ai/hl Fruit, Juice Puree Fruit, 98.8 Fruit, Juice Puree Fruit Fruit, Fruit, Fruit, Fruit, Fruit, Fruit, Fruit, Fruit, Fruit, RA 4/9 Fruit, RA 4/9 Fruit, RA 4/9

4 8 propineb Sample, Year Application PHI, days Residue, mg/kg Ref. No. kg ai/ha kg ai/hl Fruit, RA 4/9 Table. Residues of propineb in pears from supervised trials in Germany. Sample Year Application PHI, days Residue, mg/kg No. kg ai/ha kg ai/hl Ref. Fruit, Puree Fruit.55.5 Fruit, Fruit, Grapes. Many trials have been conducted in Germany and Turkey since 98 with Antracol WG and WP using a range of varieties and use patterns. At pre-harvest intervals of to 69 days, residues of propineb and were between and. mg/kg and between and.8 mg/kg respectively, except in one trial where. mg/kg propineb and.5 mg/kg were measured (Table 4). With different application schedules, the results for propineb are more or less in the same range, although there is a slight tendency for the residue to increase with increasing dosage or number of applications. The variety of did not influence the residue levels. Table 4. Residues of propineb in s, must and from supervised trials in Germany and Turkey. Crop, product Year Application PHI, days Residues (mg/kg) at days after application Ref. No. kg ai/ha kg ai/hl Germany must, 98 6 x.4 4x must, 98 6 x.4 4x must, 98 6 x.4 4x must, 98 8 x.4 6x must, 98 8 x.4 6x must, 98 6 x.4 4x must, 98 6 x.4 4x must, 98 6 x.4 4x

5 propineb 8 Crop, product Year Application PHI, days Residues (mg/kg) at days after application Ref. No. kg ai/ha kg ai/hl must, 98 6 x.4 4x must, 98 6 x.4 4x must, 98 6 x.4 4x must, 98 5 x.4 x must, 98 5 x.4 x must, 98 5 x.4 x must, 98 5 x.4 x must, 98 5 x.4 x must, 98 5 x.4 x must, cold, 984 must,heated, cold,heated.4;.68; must, ;.68 x must, cold, 984 must,heated, cold, heated 5.4;.68; x.96; must, cold, 984 must, heated, cold, heated.4;.68; must, heated, ;.68; x

6 84 propineb Crop, product Year Application PHI, days Residues (mg/kg) at days after application Ref. No. kg ai/ha kg ai/hl, heated.9.9 must, cold, 984 must, heated, cold, heated 5.4;.68; x.96; mash, 986 must 6 x.;x.68;.; G must, 986,;.5;.68;.96;.;.8; N must, 986.;.5;.68;.96;.;.8; N must, x.84; 4x Z mash, 986 must 6 x.; x.68;.; G must, 986.;.68;.68;.96;.;.8; N must, 986.;.5;.68;.96;.;.8; N must, x.84; 4x Z mash, 986 must 6 x.; x.68;.; G must, 986.;.5;.68;.96;.;.8; N must, 986.;.5;.68;.96;.;.8; N must, x.84 4x Z mash, 986 must 6 x.; x.68.; G must, 986.;.5;.68;.96;.;.8; N must, 986.;.5;.68;.96; N

7 propineb 85 Crop, product Year Application PHI, days Residues (mg/kg) at days after application Ref. No. kg ai/ha kg ai/hl.;.8;.8.5 must, x.84 4x Z mash, 986 must 6 x.; x.68;.; G must, 986.;.5;.68;.96;.;.8; N must, 986.;.5;.68;.69;.;.8; N must, x.84; 4x Z must, 98 6.;x.68.8;x must, ;.5;.68;x must, 98 6 x.84; 4x must, 98 6.;.;.;;.8; must, ;.5;.68;x.; must, 98 6 x.84 4x bunch, 988 must 4 x.84 x bunch, 988 must 5 x.84 x bunch, 988 must 5 x.84 x Turkey, <. 6-9, 99 raisin <. 6-9

8 86 propineb Crop, product Year Application PHI, days Residues (mg/kg) at days after application Ref. No. kg ai/ha kg ai/hl, , 99 raisin < , < , 99 raisin <. 65-9, 99 raisin , , 99 raisin , , 99 raisin < , Onions. In 98, residue trials were conducted in Australia with rates of.4 or.8 kg ai/ha applied 5 times per season, according to the current registered use. 4 days after the last treatment no residues of propineb were found above the lower limit of determination (. mg/kg). In these trials was not analyzed. In Japan 6 residue trials were conducted according to the current use pattern. Applications were made 5 or times at a rate of.4 or.5 kg ai/ha. Seven days after the last treatment the residues of propylenediamine (PDA) were mg/kg in four samples and.5 and.8 mg/kg in the other two. Residues of were below the lower limit of determination ( mg/kg). Propineb was not determined in these trials. Melons. Four residue trials were conducted in Australia, where or 8 sprays at.4 or.8 kg ai/ha were applied to melons, according to the current use pattern or at double rate. Seven days after the last treatment no measurable residues of propineb were found (<. mg/kg). In Japan, residue trials were conducted with application rates from.6 to.5 kg ai/ha, applied -5 times per season, according to the current use pattern. Seven to days after the last application residues of propineb were in the range to mg/kg, and those of PDA.6 to. mg/kg. The results are shown in Table 5. Residues of were below the lower limit of determination ( mg/kg) in every sample. Table 5. Residues of propineb in melons from supervised trials in Austraia and Japan. Country, Year Application Residues (mg/kg) at days after last application Ref. No. kg ai/ha Residue AUL, <. <. <. <. /85A /85B AUL <. <. <. <. /85A /85B JPN, 9 x.6.5 PDA <.6-.5* <.8-.* N559 A N A 5 x.6 x.5 PDA <.8-.4* <.8-.* N559 B N B

9 propineb 8 JPN, PDA PDA <.-.* <.9-.* <.-.8* <.6 N A N A N B N B JPN, N9 JPN, N98 * Samples were analyzed in two laboratories. Tomatoes. A total of 4 supervised trials were conducted in Germany in 98, 98 and 98. Antracol WP was applied 4 to 6 times at rates of.84 to.94 kg ai/ha. When the treatments were according to German GAP, seven days after the last application residues of propineb ranged from.8 to.55 mg/kg and those of were at or below the lower limit of determination of mg/kg (Table 6). Potatoes. A summary of 9 supervised residue trials in Germany was provided. Three trials were conducted in 9 in which sprays, each at.68 kg ai/ha, were applied. No residues of propineb were found above the lower limit of determination (. mg/kg) after 8, 48 or 69 days. In a further three residue trials in 9, where.6 kg ai/ha was applied 4-5 times, no residues of propineb were measured above the lower limit of determination (. mg/kg) after, 5 or 6 days. In 99, residue trials were carried out in which 8 sprays, each at.6 kg ai/ha, were applied. The analyses showed no measurable amounts of either propineb (<.4 mg/kg) or ( mg/kg) days after the last treatment. supervised trials were conducted in Australia with rates between. and.8 kg ai/ha applied up to 9 times per season. Although Australian GAP allows a maximum of applications at. kg ai/ha, no residues of propineb could be detected in the potatoes. The results are comparable to those found in the German trials. Table 6. Residues of propineb in tomatoes from supervised trials with Antracol WP applied in.4 kg ai/hl in Germany. Sample, Year Application Residue Residues (mg/kg) at days after last applicn. No. kg ai/ha Ref. fruit, ; x.6; x fruit, ;x.6; x fruit,98 juice ketchup 4.84;.68; ; fruit,98 juice ketchup 4.84;.68; ; fruit,98 juice ketchup 4 x.68; x. 8-8 fruit,98 juice ketchup 4.84;.68;,5;, fruit,98 juice ketchup 4 x.68; x fruit,98 4 x.68; x. 84-8

10 88 propineb Sample, Year juice ketchup Application Residue Residues (mg/kg) at days after last applicn. No. kg ai/ha Ref. fruit, ;.6; x fruit,98 4 4x.6; fruit, ;.6; x fruit, ;.6; x fruit,98 4 4x fruit, ;.6; x FATE OF RESIDUES In processing The effects of processing on propineb residues were studied with various crops. Transfer factors were calculated which indicate the relation between the residue concentrations in the processed product and the initial commodity (Walz-Tylla, 99). The average ratio of to propineb in raw commodities (P), and transfer factors (F), number of trials (n) and standard deviation of the factors (s n- ) are summarized in Table.

11 propineb 89 Table. Transfer factors for propineb and from raw to processed products (propineb/propineb, /propineb, and /). Commodity/compound P F n s n- Raw Processed Apple/propineb Apple/.6 Apple/propineb Puree/.4 6 Apple/ Puree/. 6.9 Cherry/propineb Cherry/. 5. Cherry/propineb Jam/propineb Cherry/propineb Juice/propineb.4.5 Cherry/propineb Jam/. 4. Cherry/propineb Juice/. 4.5 Cherry/ Jam/. 4. Cherry/ Juice/.9 4. Grape/propineb Grape/ Grape/propineb Must/propineb Grape/propineb Wine/propineb * 5 Grape/propineb Must/. 4. Grape/propineb Wine/. 4. Grape/ Must/. 4. Grape/ Wine/ Hop/propineb Hop/ 5 Hop/propineb Beer/..5 Hop/ Beer/.8 4. Tomato/propineb Tomato/.9.6 Tomato/propineb Ketchup/..4 Tomato/propineb Juice/..5 Tomato/ Ketchup/.5.5 Tomato/ Juice/.9.5 * No residue was detected in the. /propineb in raw commodity. Apples were processed to juice and puree according to household procedures. After sorting, washing and cutting the apples they were crushed in a punched disc mill produce puree, which was separated in a high-pressure press into juice and pomace. The juice was then pasteurized at 85 C for 5 to 5 seconds. It was found that propineb residues in fruit (up to. mg/kg) were reduced below the lower limit of determination (.5 mg/kg) during processing to apple juice and puree. The residues of in apple juice and puree ranged from mg/kg to 5 mg/kg and were similar to or marginally less than the residues found in fruit days after the last treatment. Grapes were processed to must and according to the BBA-Guideline part IV, -.4. Propineb residues were significantly reduced by processing, while residues were generally increased in the must and. Grapes were also processed to raisins by drying s in the air in Turkey. The results show that during the production of raisins the concentration of propineb residues was markedly reduced, while residues remained at or about the lower limit of determination ( mg/kg) in all analyzed commodities. Tomatoes were processed to juice and puree according to industrial procedures. After sorting, washing, cutting and blanching the tomato pulp

12 9 propineb water was added and the mixture was heated for to 5 minutes at C. To obtain ketchup the tomato pulp was strained and concentrated, and other ingredients were added. After canning, the tomato ketchup was pasteurized at 9 C for 5 to minutes. To produce juice the tomato pulp was strained and sodium chloride was subsequently added. After canning, the juice was pasteurized at 9 C for 5 to minutes. No residues of propineb could be detected in the juice or ketchup, showing a substantial reduction from the residue found in the fruit (. to. mg/kg). In all 6 trials the residues of in the juice and ketchup were similar to the levels found in the fruit (-.4 mg/kg) at a -day preharvest interval. METHODS OF RESIDUE ANALYSIS Propineb Residues of fungicides belonging to the dimethyldithiocarbamate and ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) groups can be determined by colorimetric as well as gas-chromatographic methods. Several colorimetric methods for the residue analysis of propineb have been developed. Some of these were referred to in the 9 and 984 JMPR monographs (Keppel, 969; Otto et al., 9; Thier, 9). The principle of these methods is the determination of propineb by acid decomposition and spectrophotometric measurement of the evolved carbon disulphide ( ). The method of Thier (99) is based on the same principle and is suitable for enforcement purposes. Nakahara and Aizawa (98) developed a gas-chromatographic method for the determination of propineb residues in crops. The method is based on the measurement of the carbon disulphide ( ) and propylenediamine (PDA) produced by acidic hydrolysis in the presence of stannous chloride. The is quantified by GLC in a gas chromatograph equipped with a flamephotometric detector. After derivatization to,- bis(trifluoroacetamido)propane, PDA is determined by GC-MS with selective ion monitoring. A modified version of this method has been validated by Specht (99) in apples, s, juice,, potatoes and tomatoes. The recoveries ranged from to %. The limit of determination was.5 mg/kg. Propylenethiourea () Kobayashi et al. (98), Ohs (988) and Meier (98) described methods for the determination of ethylenethiourea (ETU) and propylenethiourea () in plant materials and their processed products, especially beer and. In these methods the residues are determined by HPLC with UV detection after extraction and clean-up. The recoveries ranged from to %. The limit of determination was reported as mg/kg in plant commodities and.4 mg/kg in beer, and fruit juices.

13 propineb 9 NATIONAL MAXIMUM RESIDUE LIMITS National MRLs reported to the Meeting are summarized below. The following country codes are used: ARG-Argentina, AUL-Australia, AUS-Austria, BEL-Belgium, CHI-Chile, CYP-Cyprus, DEN-Denmark, FIN- Finland, FRA-France, GER-Germany, HUN-Hungary, ISR-Israel, ITA-Italy, JPN-Japan, LUX-Luxembourg, MAL-Malaysia, MOZ-Mozambique, NET-Netherlands, NZE-New Zealand, POR-Portugal, SAF-South Africa, SPA-Spain, SWE-Sweden, SWI-Switzerland, TAW-Taiwan, TUR-Turkey, YUG-Yugoslavia. Section : Argentina - Japan Commodity Country ARG AUL AUS BEL CHI CYP DEN FIN FRA GER HUN ISR ITA JPN Almond Apple Banana. Bean.5 Bell pepper 5 Berries + Small fruits Brussels sprouts Bulb vegetables.5.5 Cabbage Carrot Cauliflower Cereals...5 Celery 5 Cherry, Sweet Citrus fruits. Coffee Cucumber Cucurbits Endive.5 Fruit. Fruiting vegetables Garlic.5 Grape 5 Hop Leafy + Stem vegetables.5 Leafy vegetables Lettuce

14 9 propineb Commodity Country ARG AUL AUS BEL CHI CYP DEN FIN FRA GER HUN ISR ITA JPN 5 Lettuce, Head 4 4 Melon Mushroom Oil plants Onion 4.5 Other fruits Other plant commodities.5... Other vegetables Peach Pear Plum Pome fruits Potatoes Root + Tuber Vegetables.5 Root vegetables.5 Root veg. exc. Carrots.5 Spice Spinach.5 Strawberry Stem vegetables Stone fruit Tea Tea-like products Tobacco 5 Tomato 5 Tropical fruits Vegetables. Watermelon Wheat.

15 propineb 9 Section : Luxembourg - Yugoslavia Commodity Country LUX MAL MOZ NET NZE POR SAF SPA SWE SWI TAW TUR YUG Apple Asparagus. Aubergine.5 Bamboo. Banana. Bean Bell pepper.5 Berries + Small fruits Boysenberry Bulb vegetables.5 Carrot.5. Cereals Cereals, processed. Chick-pea Cucumber Dewberry Egg plant.5 Fruit 5 Ginger. Grape 4 4 Grapefruit. 5 Hop 4 Leafy vegetables 5 Leguminosae. Lemon. 5 Lettuce Lettuce, head 4 Litchi. 5 Longan. 5 Loquat Mango. 5 Melon. 5 Melon, netted (musk) Melon, water Nut, pea-.5

16 94 propineb Commodity Country LUX MAL MOZ NET NZE POR SAF SPA SWE SWI TAW TUR YUG Onion.5. Orange. 5 Other fruits Other plant commodities.5..5 Other vegetables Papaya. 5 Pea, Chick- Peach Peanut.5 Pear Pepper, Cayenne-.5 Pineapple. 5 Plum Potato Pummelo. 5 Radish, small. Root vegetables Strawberry 4 Taro (Dasheen). Tobacco 5 5 Tomato.5 Vegetables Vegetables exc. carrots Vegetables exc. potatoes Total dithiocarbamates expressed as Produced for canning. Level at or about the limit of determination 4 In export commodities 5 Without peel APPRAISAL Propineb was evaluated in 9, 984 and 985. The temporary ADI was withdrawn by the 985 JMPR, but the CCPR maintained the Guideline Levels for propylenethiourea ). The compounds are included in the CCPR periodic review programme. Propineb is currently registered on a large number of crops in several countries around the world, but the Meeting was informed that its actual use is restricted to a few crops. The results of numerous supervised field trials and processing studies were provided by the principal manufacturer only for s, tomatoes, potatoes, pome fruits, onions and melons. The use of the compound will still be recommended on these crops and on bell peppers, but the use recommendations for other crops are due to be withdrawn. The metabolism in plants has been sufficiently presented in the 984 Evaluations. The laboratory animal metabolism studies are discussed in the Toxicological Evaluations. The

17 propineb 95 metabolic pathways in plants and animals are essentially the same. Propylenediamine and 4-methylimidazoline identified in animals were present in the form of N- formylpropylendiamine and -methoxy-4-methylimidazoline, respectively. No information was available on metabolism by farm animals or on animal transfer studies. In the supervised trials, propineb residues were determined and expressed as mg/kg CS, and propylenethiourea () residues were determined and expressed as mg/kg throughout. In apples and pears, the residues of propineb ranged from mg/kg to.96 mg/kg 4- days after the last treatment. For the main metabolite,, the results were in the range of mg/kg to.8 mg/kg. If propineb were used alone the estimated maximum residue levels on apples and pears would be mg/kg propineb and. mg/kg. In s, at pre-harvest intervals ranging from to 69 days, residues of propineb and were between and. mg/kg, and and.8 mg/kg respectively, except in one trial where. mg/kg propineb and.5 mg/kg were measured. Following a different application schedule, the residues of propineb were more or less in the same range. The variety of did not influence the residue levels. If propineb were used alone the estimated maximum residue levels on s would be mg/kg propineb and. mg/kg. In onions, 4 days after the last treatment, no residues of propineb were found above the limit of determination (. mg/kg) in Australia. was not determined. In Japanese trials seven days after the last treatment the residues of propylenediamine (PDA) were mg/kg in four samples and.5 and.8 mg/kg in two samples, while the residues of were below the limit of determination ( mg/kg). Propineb was not determined. The data are not sufficient to estimate a maximum residue level for the use of propineb on onions. In melons, to days after the last treatment the residues of propineb and were below the limits of determination (-. and mg/kg respectively) in all samples, while PDA ranged between.6 and. mg/kg. If propineb were used alone the estimated maximum residue levels in melons would be. mg/kg propineb and.5 mg/kg, both levels being at or about the limit of determination. In tomatoes treated according to German GAP, seven days after the last application residues of propineb ranged from.8 to.55 mg/kg and residues of were at or below the limit of determination of mg/kg. If propineb were used alone the estimated maximum residue levels in tomatoes would be mg/kg for propineb and.5 mg/kg for. In potatoes no residues of propineb or were found above the limits of determination (. mg/kg and mg/kg respectively) within 8 to 69 days after the last treatment. These residue trials do not completely correspond to the current registered uses but they cover present good agricultural practice as the application rate was higher. All trials showed that in spite of the great variations in pre-harvest interval no residues of propineb or the major metabolite could be detected in potatoes. If propineb were used alone the estimated maximum residue levels in potatoes would be. mg/kg propineb and.5 mg/kg (the limits of determination). The effects of processing on the residues were extensively studied on apples, cherries, s, hops and tomatoes. These studies showed that the concentration of propineb residues was reduced to non-detectable ( mg/kg) in the case of apple juice and puree,, beer, and tomato juice and ketchup, while in cherry juice and jam the average propineb residue was 4% of that in the fruits. The residue level of in processed products is primarily influenced by the level of propineb and the mode of processing. The ratio of in the processed product to propineb in the raw commodity was.4 for apple puree,. for beer,. for cherry juice,. for cherry jam,. for must and,. for tomato juice and. for ketchup. The residue levels of were higher in products where the processing involves extensive contact with the peel of the harvested crop as in red

18 96 propineb and tomato ketchup. The freezer storage stability of the residues in samples has not been studied systematically. However the Meeting was informed that the repeated analyses of samples analysed when taken and after prolonged freezer storage did not show any difference in the residue levels. Samples were always frozen whole before storage and homogenized deep-frozen before analysis in order to eliminate decomposition of the residues. The Meeting noted that this information provided on propineb residues was consistent with the results of frozen storage stability studies on mancozeb reported under that heading. It was also considered likely that the results of frozen storage stability studies on ETU would apply to. No information was reported on levels in food moving in commerce or at consumption. Residue analytical methods are available to determine propineb residues as CS, using colorimetric or GLC detection, and residues by HPLC. These methods are suitable for regulatory purposes with limits of determination of.-. mg/kg for CS and.5 mg/kg for. The propineb residues can be qualitatively distinguished from the other dithiocarbamates by converting them to propylenediamine which can be determined by gas chromatography after derivatization.

19 propineb 9 RECOMMENDATIONS On the basis of data on residues from supervised trials the Meeting concluded that the residue levels listed below are suitable for establishing maximum residue limits. Since the origin of CS cannot be identified, the maximum residue levels estimated for the dithiocarbamate group have to be taken into account. Definition of the residue: propineb: CS : propylenethiourea Commodity Recommended MRL (mg/kg) New Previous PHI (days) CS CS CS FP 6 Apple ().. VR 58 Celeriac w.5 FS 4 Cherry, sour w. FB 69 Grapes 5 (). 5. VC 46 Melons.* VA 85 Onion, bulb.* * FS 4 Peach w.5 FP Pear ().. FS 4 Plums (including Prunes) w. VR 589 Potato.* *. VO 448 Tomato ().5. MRLs based on the current residue data from supervised trials. Codex MRLs for the group of dithiocarbamates (propineb was not included). * At or about the limit of determination. FURTHER WORK OR INFORMATION Desirable. Residue data from supervised trials on bell peppers.. Freezer storage stability studies on propineb and residues in representative commodities.. Metabolism study on farm animals. 4. Residue transfer study on farm animals. 5. Monitoring data on in food in commerce and at consumption. REFERENCES. Bayer AG, Germany, Unpublished reports on supervised trials in apples. Report Nos.:89-8, 8-8, 88-8, -88, 4-88, RA-4/9 (includes BBA-reports 8-9, 9-9, 4-9, 4-9). Bayer AG, Germany, Unpublished reports on supervised trials in s. Report

20 98 propineb Nos.:8-8, 8-8, 8-8, 8-8, 84-8, 85-8, 86-8, 8-8, 8-8, 89-8, 8-8, 84-8, 85-8, 86-8, 8-8, 88-8, 89-8, 8-84, 8-84, 8-84, 8-84, 84-84, 85-84, 8-86N, 8-86G, 8-86Z, 8-86N, 8-86N, 8-86G, 8-86N, 8-86Z, 84-86N, 84-86G, 85-86Z, 85-86N, 86-86N, 86-86G, 8-86Z, 8-86N, 88-86N, 88-86G, 89-86Z, 89-86N, 8-8, 8-8, 85-8, 85-8, 85-8, 46-88, 48-88, 49-88, 6-9, 6-9, 6-9, 6-9, 64-9, 65-9, 66-9, 6-9, 68-9, 6-9, 6-9, 6-9. Bayer AG, Germany, Unpublished reports on supervised trials in pears. Report Nos.:8-8, 8-8, Bayer AG, Germany, 9-9. Unpublished reports on supervised trials in potatoes. Report Nos.:8/, 84/, 85/, 4/, 9/, 4/, 8-9, 8-9, Bayer AG, Germany, Unpublished reports on supervised trials in tomatoes. Report Nos.:85/8, 8/8, 89-8, 8-8, 8-8, 8-8, 8-8, 84-8, 85-8, 86-8, 8-8, 855-8, 8-8, Bayer AG, Germany, 98. Unpublished processing studies on apples. Report Nos.: 89-8, 8-8. Bayer AG, Germany, Unpublished processing studies on s. Report Nos.: 8-8, 8-8, 8-8, 8-8, 84-8, 85-8, 86-8, 8-8, 89-8, 8-8, 84-8, 85-8, 86-8, 8-8, 88-8, 89-8, 8-84, 8-84, 8-84, 8-84, 84-84, 85-84, 8-86N, 8-86G, 8-86Z, 8-86N, 8-86N, 8-86G, 8-86N, 8-86Z, 84-86N, 84-86G, 85-86Z, 85-86N, 86-86N, 86-86G, 8-86Z, 8-86N, 88-86N, 88-86G, 89-86Z, 89-86N, 8-8, 8-8, 8-8, 85-8, 85-8, 85-8, 46-88, 48-88, 49-88, 6-9, 6-9, 65-9, 66-9, 68-9, Bayer AG, Germany, 98. Unpublished processing studies on pears. Report Nos.: Bayer AG, Germany, 98. Unpublished processing studies on tomatoes. Report Nos.:89-8, 8-8, 8-8, 8-8, 8-8, Bayer Australia, 985. Unpublished reports on supervised trials in melons. Report Nos./85A, /85B, /85A, /85B,. Bayer Australia, 98. Unpublished reports on supervised trials in onions. Report Nos.4/8A, 4/8B. Bayer Australia, Unpublished reports on supervised trials in potatoes. Report Nos.8/8A, 8/8B, 9/8A, 9/8B, 9/8C, 8/86A, 8/86B. Keppel G.E.9. Collaborative Study of the Determination of Dithiocarbamate Residues by a modified Carbon Disulfide Evolution Method. J.Ass.off.Anal.Chem 54, (), Kobayashi, H.; Matano, O. and Goto S.; 98. Simultaneous quantitation of thioureas in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr., Meier, J.; 98. Methode zur gleichzeitigen Bestimmung von ETU and im Bier und anderen Getranken mittels Hochdruckflussigkeitschromatographie. Brauwissenschaft 5, 9-6. Nakahara, T. and Aizawa T.; 98. Gas-liquid Chromatographic Method for Residues of Propineb in Crops. Unpublished Nihon Bayer Report, no. 8. Nihon Bayer, Unpublished reports on supervised trials in melons. Report Nos.N559 A, N559 B, N A, N B, N A, N B, N A, N B, N A, N B, N4 A, N4 B, N9, N98 8. Nihon Bayer, 9-8. Unpublished reports on supervised trials in onions. Report Nos.N5 A, N5 B, N6 A, N6 B, N A, N B, N8 A, N8 B, N69, N694, N695, N696

21 propineb Ohs, P.; 988. Method for the liquid chromatographic determination of ethylenethiourea and propylenethiourea residues in plant materials and their processed products after application of dithiocarbamates. Bayer AG, unpublished report (RA-658/8) April 8, 988. Otto, S.; Keller, W. and Drescher, N.; 9. A New Gas Chromatographic Determination of Ethylenethiourea Residues without Derivatization. J. Environ. Sci. Health, 9-9. Spain, 99, Information on pesticides being on the priority list of CCPR.. Thier, H.P.; 9. Arbeitsgruppe "Pestizede", zur Ruckstandsanalytik der Pestizide in Lebensmitteln, 5. Mitteilung: Analytik von Dithiocarbamat-Ruckstanden. Lebensmittelchem. gerichtl. Chem., 5- (internal method no. ). Thier, H.P.; 99. Method S 5, Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft, Manual of Pesticide Residue Analysis, Vol VCH Verlagsgesellschaft Weinheim, Walz-Tylla, B.; 99. Influence of processing on the formation of from propineb. Bayer AG, unpublished report (RA-49/9) July, 99