COMMUNICATION BRIEF: KENYA NUTRITION SITUATION ARID AND SEMI-ARID AREAS SHORT RAINS ASSESSMENT, FEBRUARY Key Findings

Transcription

1 COMMUNICATION BRIEF: KENYA NUTRITION SITUATION ARID AND SEMI-ARID AREAS SHORT RAINS ASSESSMENT, FEBRUARY Key Findings Figure 1: Nutrition Situation Map, July 2017 Figure 2: Nutrition Situation Map, January 2018 Figure 3: Projected Nutrition Situation Map, February to April 2018 While the overall nutrition situation has improved according to the Integrated Phase Classification (IPC) for Acute Malnutrition conducted in February 2018 (Figures 1, 2 and 3), the levels of acute malnutrition remain at Critical levels (Phase 4; GAM WHZ percent) in Turkana Central, North, West and South, Tana River, Wajir North, North Horr and Laisamis sub-counties. In addition, Isiolo and Kajiado reported a Serious nutrition situation (Phase 3; GAM WHZ percent). Narok county was classified as Alert (Phase 2; GAM WHZ 5 to 9.9 percent) while Kilifi, Kwale, Kitui, Makueni, Mbeere and Tharaka were Acceptable (Phase 1; GAM WHZ <5%). The nutrition situation is projected to remain in the same phase in Turkana and Wajir North while a deterioration is expected in Isiolo, North Horr, Laisamis, Tana River and Kilifi due to the scale down of emergency response interventions including Blanket Supplementary Feeding Program (BSFP) and integrated health and nutrition outreaches during the projection period. Compared to the 2017 LRA, the overall nutrition situation has significantly improved in Turkana South, North & Central and North Horr from the very critical (Phase 5; GAM WHZ 30 percent) to critical situation (Phase 4; GAM WHZ percent). The improvement is mainly attributed to improved food access indicators including milk availability in arid counties, large scale implementation of key emergency response interventions including BSFP, improved access to health and nutrition services through the scale up of integrated outreaches and key food access interventions including cash transfers and food assistance across the arid and semi-arid areas (ASAL) and counties. While the nutrition situation has improved in the most affected counties following the crisis of 2017, interventions will need to be sustained to avoid levels of acute malnutrition deteriorating, which was observed in the same time in The total number of children 6 to 59 months requiring treatment for acute malnutrition in ASAL areas is 337,290 (MAM-282,430; SAM-54,860) and 34,140 pregnant and lactating women while in urban is 62,530 children (MAM-45,830 and SAM-16,700) and 3,020 pregnant and lactating women. County and urban caseloads are presented in section

2 2.0 Methods, Process and Key Issues The analysis applied the global protocols for Integrated Phase Classification for Acute Malnutrition (November 2016). The IPC for Acute Malnutrition classified the severity of acute malnutrition into five Phases which was done based on either the prevalence of GAM by WHZ or GAM by MUAC as shown in the reference table below. 2

3 3.0 Prevalence of Acute Malnutrition in Selected Counties Survey Area Survey date GAM WHZ children 6 to 59 months (%, 95% CI) Turkana Central Turkana North Turkana South Turkana West Marsabit (Loiyangalani/ Laisamis Marsabit North Horr Wajir Agropastoral Jan/ Feb 2018 Jan/ Feb 2018 Jan/ Feb 2018 SAM WHZ children 6 to 59 months (%, 95% CI) GAM MUAC children 6 to 59 months (%, 95% CI) SAM MUAC children 6 to 59 months (%, 95% CI) 17.2 ( ) 2.5 ( ) 4.9 ( ) 0.6 ( ) 4% 15.9 ( ) 1.9 ( ) 6.7 ( ) 0.6 ( ) 9% 16.2 ( ) 2.1 ( ) 5.8 ( ) 0.8 ( ) 3% Jan/ 15.3 ( ) 2.2 ( ) 7.1 ( ) 0.6 ( ) 12% Feb 2018 Jan ( ) 3.3 ( ) 6.8 ( ) 0.6 ( ) 0% Jan ( ) 5.2 ( ) 3.4 ( ) 0.2 ( ) 1% Feb ( ) 2.2 ( ) 3.3 ( ) 0.4 ( ) 2% Isiolo Feb ( ) 2.6 ( ) 4.8 ( ) 1.8 ( ) 10% Tana River Feb ( ) 2.2 ( ) 5.9 ( ) 0.5 ( ) 9% Kajiado Jan ( ) 1.4 ( ) 2.6 ( ) 0.2 ( ) 5% Narok Jan ( ) 1.1 ( ) 3.0 ( ) 0.3 ( ) 1% Plausibility Score 3

4 4.0 Summary of Caseloads Global acute malnutrition, Children Severe Acute Malnutrition, Children 6 to 59 Moderate Acute Malnutrition, Children 6 to 59 Pregnant and Lactating women 6 to 59 months Months Months County Total Target Total Total Total Total Target Caseload Caseload Target Caseload Target Baringo 11,483 6,113 1,485 1,114 9,998 4, Embu 1, , Garissa 26,324 13,768 2,422 1,817 23,902 11,951 3,665 Isiolo 5,720 3,130 1, ,643 2, Kajiado 19,703 10,541 2,758 2,069 16,945 8,472 3,702 Kilifi 22,564 12,393 4,444 3,333 18,119 9,060 1,651 Kitui 7,470 3, ,895 3, Kwale 6,842 3, ,635 3, Laikipia 11,872 6,509 2,291 1,718 9,581 4,791 1,503 Lamu 1, , Machakos Makueni 6,316 3, ,830 2, Mandera 63,391 35,045 13,400 10,050 49,991 24,996 4,725 Marsabit 11,131 6,213 2,591 1,943 8,539 4,270 2,550 Meru 6,183 3,429 1,352 1,014 4,830 2, Narok 20,270 10,955 3,279 2,459 16,991 8, Nyeri Samburu 13,775 7,602 2,860 2,145 10,914 5,457 1,088 TaitaTaveta 2,218 1, ,151 1, Tana River 13,365 7,154 1,885 1,414 11,480 5, TharakaNithi Turkana 28,403 15,159 3,831 2,873 24,572 12,286 4,499 Wajir 26,302 14,055 3,617 2,712 22,686 11,343 2,407 West Pokot 28,624 15,700 5,551 4,163 23,073 11,536 1,371 ASAL Total 337, ,358 54,857 41, , ,215 34,143 Kisumu 3,859 2,342 1,651 1,238 2,208 1, Mombasa 4,301 2,746 2,381 1,786 1, Nairobi 54,374 30,355 12,672 9,504 41,702 20,851 1,848 Urban Total 62,534 35,443 16,704 12,528 45,830 22,915 3,016 Grand Total 399, ,801 71,561 53, , ,130 37,159 4

5 Caseloads summary graph 5

6 KILIFI T/TAVETA KWALE LAMU 5.0 Summary of Contributing Factors Coastal Marginal (Kwale, Kilifi, Lamu and TaitaTaveta Counties) SUMMARY CONTRIBUTING FACTORS BY AREA Major contributing factor Minor contributing factor Not a contributing factor Inadequate dietary intake Diseases Inadequate access to food Inadequate care for children Insufficient health services & unhealthy environment Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF) Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) Minimum Dietary Diversity Women (MDD-W) Diarrhoea Dysentery Malaria HIV/AIDS prevalence Acute Respiratory Infection Disease outbreak Outcome of the IPC for Acute Food Insecurity analysis Exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months Continued breastfeeding at 1 year Continued breastfeeding at 2 years Introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods Measles vaccination Polo vaccination Vitamin A supplementation Skilled birth attendance Health seeking behaviour Coverage of outreach programmes CMAM programme coverage (SAM, MAM, or both) Access to a sufficient quantity of water Access to sanitation facilities Access to a source of safe drinking water No Data Data not available No Data No Data No Data Basic causes Human capital Physical capital Financial capital Natural capital Social capital Policies, Institutions and Processes Usual/Normal Shocks Recurrent Crises due to Unusual Shocks Other basic causes No Data No Data No Data No Data Other nutrition issues Anaemia among children 6-59 months Anaemia among pregnant women Anaemia among non-pregnant women Vitamin A deficiency among children 6-59 months Low birth weight Fertility rate No Data 6

7 Moyale North Horr Saku Laisamis Turkana North Turkana Central Turkana West Turkana South Samburu Pastoral Northwest (Turkana, Marsabit, Samburu) SUMMARY OF CONTRIBUTING FACTORS Major contributing Factor Minor Contributing Factor Not a contributing Factor Inadequate dietary intake Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF) Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) Minimum Dietary Diversity Women (MDD-W) Diseases Diarrhoea Dysentery Malaria HIV/AIDS prevalence Acute Respiratory Infection Disease outbreak Inadequate access to food Inadequate care for children Outcome of the IPC for Acute Food Insecurity analysis Exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months Continued breastfeeding at 1 year Continued breastfeeding at 2 years Introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods Insufficient health services & unhealthy Measles vaccination Polo vaccination 7

8 environment Vitamin A supplementation Skilled birth attendance Health seeking behaviour Coverage of outreach programmes CMAM programme coverage (SAM, MAM, or both) Access to a sufficient quantity of water Access to sanitation facilities Access to an improved source of drinking water Basic causes Human capital Physical capital Financial capital Natural capital Social capital Policies, Institutions and Processes Usual/Normal Shocks Recurrent Crises due to Unusual Shocks Other basic causes Other nutrition issues Anaemia among children 6-59 months Anaemia among pregnant women Anaemia among non-pregnant women Vitamin A deficiency among children 6-59 months Low birth weight Fertility rate 8

9 WAJIR SOUTH WAJIR NORTH MANDER A GARISSA ISIOLO T/RIVER Pastoral North East (Tana River, Garissa, Wajir, Mandera and Isiolo) SUMMARY CONTRIBUTING FACTORS BY AREA Major contributing factor Minor contributing factor Not a contributing factor Inadequate dietary intake Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) Diseases Inadequate access to food Inadequate care for children Insufficient health services & unhealthy environment Basic causes Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF) Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) Minimum Dietary Diversity Women (MDD-W) Diarrhoea Dysentery Malaria HIV/AIDS prevalence Acute Respiratory Infection Disease outbreak Outcome of the IPC for Acute Food Insecurity analysis Exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months Continued breastfeeding at 1 year Continued breastfeeding at 2 years Introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods Measles vaccination Polo vaccination Vitamin A supplementation Skilled birth attendance Health seeking behaviour Coverage of outreach programmes CMAM programme coverage (SAM, MAM, or both) Access to a sufficient quantity of water Access to sanitation facilities Access to a source of safe drinking water Human capital Physical capital Financial capital Natural capital Social capital Policies, Institutions and Processes Usual/Normal Shocks Recurrent Crises due to Unusual Shocks Other basic causes Other nutrition issues Anaemia among children 6-59 months Anaemia among pregnant women Anaemia among non-pregnant women Vitamin A deficiency among children 6-59 months Low birth weight Fertility rate 9

10 NYERI /N LAIKIPIA BARINGO W/POKOT AKAJIADO NAROK Agro pastoral livelihood Zone (West Pokot, East Pokot, Laikipia, Kajiado and Narok) SUMMARY CONTRIBUTING FACTORS BY AREA Major contributing factor Minor contributing factor Not a contributing factor Inadequate dietary intake Diseases Inadequate access to food Inadequate care for children Insufficient health services & unhealthy environment Basic causes Other nutrition issues Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF) Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) Minimum Dietary Diversity Women (MDD-W) Diarrhoea Dysentery Malaria HIV/AIDS prevalence Acute Respiratory Infection Disease outbreak Outcome of the IPC for Acute Food Insecurity analysis Exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months Continued breastfeeding at 1 year Continued breastfeeding at 2 years Introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods Measles vaccination Polo vaccination Vitamin A supplementation Skilled birth attendance Health seeking behaviour Coverage of outreach programmes CMAM programme coverage (SAM, MAM, or both) Access to a sufficient quantity of water Access to sanitation facilities Access to a source of safe drinking water Human capital Physical capital Financial capital Natural capital Social capital Policies, Institutions and Processes Usual/Normal Shocks Recurrent Crises due to Unusual Shocks Other basic causes Anaemia among children 6-59 months Anaemia among pregnant women Anaemia among non-pregnant women Vitamin A deficiency among children 6-59 months Low birth weight Fertility rate 10

11 SOUTH EAST MAGINAL: MBEERE, THANRAKA, KITUI, MAKUENI, MERU NORTH MBEER THARAKA KITUI MAKUENI MERU/N SUMMARY CONTRIBUTING FACTORS BY AREA Major contributing factor Minor contributing factor Not a contributing factor Inadequate dietary intake Diseases Inadequate access to food Inadequate care for children Insufficient health services & unhealthy environment Basic causes Other nutrition issues Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF) Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) Minimum Dietary Diversity Women (MDD-W) Diarrhoea Dysentery Malaria HIV/AIDS prevalence Acute Respiratory Infection Disease outbreak Outcome of the IPC for Acute Food Insecurity analysis Exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months Continued breastfeeding at 1 year Continued breastfeeding at 2 years Introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods Measles vaccination Polo vaccination Vitamin A supplementation Skilled birth attendance Health seeking behaviour Coverage of outreach programmes CMAM programme coverage (SAM, MAM, or both) Access to a sufficient quantity of water Access to sanitation facilities Access to a source of safe drinking water Human capital Physical capital Financial capital Natural capital Social capital Policies, Institutions and Processes Usual/Normal Shocks Recurrent Crises due to Unusual Shocks Other basic causes Anaemia among children 6-59 months Anaemia among pregnant women Anaemia among non-pregnant women Vitamin A deficiency among children 6-59 months Low birth weight Fertility rate 11