1. PRELIMINARY REPORT ON PYRAZIFLUMID SC EFFECT ON APPLE POWDERY MILDEW 2017 IN HIGHLAND, NY

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1 1. PRELIMINRY REPORT ON PYRZIFLUMID SC EFFECT ON PPLE POWDERY MILDEW 2017 IN HIGHLND, NY pple varieties: Ginger Gold, Golden Delicious Smoothee, McIntosh as mature 18-yr-old trees on MM.111 rootstock with M.9 interstem planted in discrete three-cultivar replicated plots at 25 ft between rows, 10 ft between trees within rows, and 20 feet between plots within rows. Treatments were replicated four times using a completely randomized design (CRD). Each replicate plot consisted of all three cultivars listed above. Equipment: Treatments were sprayed dilute (300 gal/) to drip using a tractor-carried handgun sprayer (Rear s Pak-Tank 100 gal sprayer, 250 PSI). Maintenance sprays: Frequent Manzate Pro-Stick and Captan sprays for cedar-apple rust, scab and rots control. Various insecticides according to Peter Jentsch s recommendations. Standard herbicides and fertilizers. Spray dates: of the three Pyraziflumid treatments listed in Table 1 (in bold) followed by dates of inoculum introduction (underlined): 4/13/2017 ½ GREEN 4/18/2017 TC 4/24/2017 PK Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Ginger Gold branches) Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Cortland, Ginger Gold branches) 5/1/2017 L Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Ginger Gold, Idared branches) 5/8/2017 PF (Treatment #5 sprayed on 5/12/2017 FC) Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Ginger Gold, Idared branches) 5/15/2017 just after FC Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Ginger Gold branches) Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Ginger Gold branches) Powdery mildew Inoculum brought and left in the Pond lock (purchased and potted 20 trees of Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, and raeburn infected with mildew) Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Ginger Gold, Idared branches) Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Ginger Gold, Idared branches) Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Ginger Gold, Idared branches) Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Ginger Gold, Idared branches) Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Ginger Gold, Idared branches) Powdery mildew Inoculum brought into Pond lock (Ginger Gold, Idared branches) 1

2 Weather Conditions and Disease Infection Periods in 2017 (eta RIMpro powdery mildew model) 2

3 Weather conditions were highlighted by unusually high incidence of rain events averaging between inches of rain deposit per week, almost until the end of July. Even though the RIMpro s beta version of apple powdery mildew model indicated that these conditions suited powdery mildew infections it seems that very high amount of rain per each deposit and rain frequency contributed to intense washing off of powdery mildew colonies from apple leaves. This did not favor onset of higher disease incidence on highly susceptible Ginger Gold, susceptible Golden Delicious, and on resistant McIntosh. Results The incidence of powdery mildew symptoms on terminal shoots was rated from July (Fig. 1). The percent incidence of the disease was calculated from the number of leaves with white mildew colonies versus the number of leaves without lesions on 20 randomly selected terminal shoots per tree, counting all leaves from shoot base to the tip. Disease incidences on terminal shoots were subjected to LSD test (α=5) for a completely randomized design using PROC MIXED statistical procedure in SS Studio software (SS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Disease has not established on fruit. Powdery mildew incidence on apple shoot leaves (LSD, P<5) * verage of Ginger Gold % verage of Golden Delicious % verage of McIntosh % UTC 2. Pyraziflumid Pyraziflumid 1.86 Treatment 4. Pyraziflumid Luna Sensation (TC, PK) + Rally (PF, FC) Figure 1. Mean bars followed by different letters within each apple cultivar are significantly different from one another (LSD, P < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 tree replicates. *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 3

4 Table 1. Means of powdery mildew incidence on terminal shoot leaves used in creating a graph in Fig. 1. above Treatment verage of Ginger Gold % verage of Golden Delicious % verage of McIntosh % 1. Untreated Control (UTC) Pyraziflumid LI700 every 7 days Pyraziflumid LI700 every 7 days Pyraziflumid LI700 every 7 days Luna Sensation (TC, PK) + Rally (PF, FC) Table 2. Treatments and used rates Product Growth stage/s rate/ oz/100 gal /15 gal. /20 gal. 1. Untreated Control N N N N N 2. Pyraziflumid fl oz 1/2", 7 INTERVL LI 0.125% v/v (1 pt) N Pyraziflumid 1.86 fl oz 1/2", 7 INTERVL LI 0.125% v/v (1 pt) N Pyraziflumid 2.79 fl oz 1/2", 7 INTERVL LI 0.125% v/v (1 pt) N Luna Sensation 4 fl oz TC, PK Rally 6 oz PF, FC PRELIMINRY REPORT ON FIRE LIGHT EFFICCY TRIL IN HIGHLND NY pple variety: Mature, 16-year-old Honeycrsip trees. On 26 pr 2017 Honeycrisp trees were at pink growth stage. On 27 pr bloom reached 63% due to extremely warm weather. On 29 pr, when Honeycrisp trees were at 65-70% bloom, treatments listed in Table 3 were applied using gas-powered backpack air-blast sprayer delivering 50 gal/ (Solo 451 Mist lower, 3 Gal). The treatments were timed to avoid slow-drying conditions that could promote fruit russetting. Fireline was delivered with 100 gal/ and 1 x CS Regalia with 150 gal/. To apply the same amount of copper which one apple 4

5 tree receives from a tractor air-blast sprayer in a high-density apple orchard, we divided the metallic copper rate per acre with 940 trees/ planted in a high-density system, and used timed applications with our backpack sprayer to apply the appropriate amounts of copper per tree (Table below). We sprayed lb/ of metallic copper twice (0.392 lb/) which is the lowest labelled rate per one application of Copper Count N for apples in bloom. The two sprays in each treatment were ~15 min apart. Table 3. Treatments and used rates No. Product ctive ingredient mount per acre 1 Prestop WG low 2 Prestop WG high 3 CS Regalia 4 Regalia-5% 5 Regalia-5 % 6 MI MI-110F5 8 MI Regalia 5% 10 Copper Sulfate Crystals 11 ordeaux Mixture 12 Camelot O 13 Camelot O 14 Champ WG 15 COC DF + ZnS 99% Gliocladium catenulatum Strain J1446 (1x10 9 cfu/g) 99% Gliocladium catenulatum Strain J1446 (1x10 9 cfu/g) 19.8% copper sulfate pentahydrate + 5% extract of plant R. sachalinensis 5% extract of plant R. sachalinensis 5% extract of plant R. sachalinensis 12% extract of plant R. sachalinensis.amyloliquifaciens strain F727 12% extract of plant R. sachalinensis 5% extract of plant R. sachalinensis 99% copper sulfate pentahydrate crystals 99% copper sulfate pentahydrate crystals + hydrated lime + water 10% copper octanoate (copper soap) 10% copper octanoate (copper soap) 77% copper hydroxide 84.04% copper oxychloride + 97% zinc sulfide Metallic copper per amount of product Metallic copper equivalent sprayed in lb/ 2 x 992 g/ / / 2 x 1984 g/ / / 2 x 16 fl oz/ + 32 fl oz/ lb/gal 2 x 52 lb/ 2 x 64 fl oz / / 3 x 64 fl oz (PK, 65,70%) / / 2 x 32 fl oz/ / / 2 x 64 fl oz/ / / Inject 2 x of 32 fl oz/ Inject 2 x 76.8 fl oz/ / / / / 2 x lb/ 0.25 lb/ lb 2 x lb/ 2 x (0.784 lb copper sulfate lb lime + 50 gal water/) 0.25 lb/ lb 2 x lb/ 2 x gal / 0.16 lb/ gal 2 x lb/ 2 x 2.45 gal/ 0.16 lb/ gal 2 x lb/ 2 x lb/ 0.50 lb/ lb 2 x lb/ 2 x lb/ + 73 oz zinc sulfide/ 0.50 lb/ lb 2 x lb/ 5

6 16 CS Cuprofix Ultra 40 Disperss 18 Nordox 75 WG 19 adge X2 20 C-O-C-S WDG 21 Copper Count N 22 asic Copper % copper sulfate pentahydrate 71.1% basic bopper sulfate 83.9% cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) 23.82% copper oxychloride % copper hydroxide 73.49% copper oxychloride % basic copper sulfate 27.15% copper diammonia diacetate complex 94.33% basic copper sulfate 2 x gal/ lb/gal 2 x lb/ 2 x 0.49 lb/ 0.40 lb/ lb 2 x lb/ 2 x lb/ 0.75 lb / lb 2 x lb/ 2 x lb/ lb/ lb 2 x lb/ 2 x lb/ lb/ lb 2 x lb/ 2 x 1 qt/ lb/ gal 2 x lb/ 2 x 0.37 lb/ 0.53 lb/ lb 2 x lb/ 23 Fireline 17 WP 17% oxytetracycline 2 x 1 lb/ / / 24 MI Harbour + Regulaid 12% extract of plant R. sachalinensis 17% streptomycin % 2- butoxyethan- ol, poloxalene, monopropylene glycol Inject 4 x 32 fl oz/ 2 x 1.5 lb/ + 3 pts / / / / 26 Untreated Control / / / / 19.8% copper 27 CS Regalia sulfate pentahydrate 1 x 47.7 fl oz/ fl oz/ 5% extract of plant lb/gal 1 x lb/ R. sachalinensis Inoculation: We inoculated flowers on 30 pr by misting entire Honeycrisp trees with water suspension of CFU/ml of E. amylovora, at 80% king bloom (GroundWork rolling cart sprayer, 30 PSI, 3 Gal). We used slightly higher amount of inoculum than usual due to low average daily temperature of 52.7ºF. First fire blight symptoms developed on 17 May. We rated blossom and shoot blight incidence on 27 May and 3 Jun, respectively. Going around the crown, we randomly chose 100 flower clusters per tree and counted the number of diseased and healthy clusters. Flower infections migrated into the shoots. We randomly chose 100 shoots per tree and counted infected and healthy shoots. lossom and shoot blight were calculated as blossom and shoot blight percent on a per tree basis. Mean percent of blossom and shoot blight incidences were calculated for each treatment from 3-single tree replicates. 6

7 Weather Conditions and Disease Infection Periods in 2017 (fire blight model) 7

8 LL TRETMENTS 1 x CS fl oz + Regalia 2 x Harbour 1.5 lb + Regulaid 3 pts 2 x Fireline 17 WP 1 lb 2 x Copper Count N 1 qt 2 x Camelot 2.45 gal 2 x Nordox lb 2 x CS gal 2 x Champ WG lb 2 x ordeaux Mix x Regalia injection 76.8 fl oz/ 2 x 64 fl oz/ (a 3 x Regalia 64 fl oz 2 x CS fl oz + Regalia 32 fl oz 2 x Prestop 992 g lossom blight incidence (%) on 'Honeycrisp' in 2017 (LSD, P<5) k abcdegh abc a abcde ab bcf abcd cdei cdeghj *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. j ghij eghj ghj ghj ghj degh hj ghj bcf* ab ab abcdeg abcdegh defghj abcdeg abcdeghj

9 2 x COC DF lb + Zinc sulfide 73 oz Shoot blight incidence (%) on 'Honeycrisp' in 2017 LSD (P<5) 1 x CS fl oz + Regalia 95.4 fl oz Untreated Control 2 x Harbour 1.5 lb + Regulaid 3 pts 4 x MI Inject 32 fl oz/ 2 x Fireline 17 WP 1 lb 2 x asic Copper 0.37 lb 2 x Copper Count N 1 qt 2 x C-O-C-S WDG lb 2 x Camelot 2.45 gal 2 x adge lb 2 x Nordox lb 2 x Cuprofix Ultra 40 Disperss 0.49 lb 2 x CS gal 2 x Champ WG lb 2 x Camelot gal 2 x ordeaux Mix x Copper Sulfate Crystals lb 2 x Regalia injection 76.8 fl oz/ 2 x MI Inject 32 fl oz/ 2 x 64 fl oz/ (a F727) 2 x 32 fl oz/ 3 x Regalia 64 fl oz 2 x Regalia 64 fl oz 2 x CS fl oz + Regalia 32 fl oz 2 x Prestop 1984 g 2 x Prestop 992 g CD CDEFGH FGH CDEFG CDEFG FGH CDEFGH C DEFGH CDEFG EFGH CDEF CDEFGH GH H CDEF C CDEFG CDEF CDE CDEFGH CDEFG CDEF *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. I CD*

10 PRESTOP lossom blight incidence (%) in 2017 on 'Honeycrisp' (LSD, P<5) 2 x Prestop 992 g 2 x Prestop 1984 g 2 x Harbour 1.5 lb + Regulaid 3 pts C * Untreated Control Shoot blight incidence (%) in 2017 on 'Honeycrisp' (LSD, P<5) * 2 x Prestop 992 g 2 x Prestop 1984 g 2 x Harbour 1.5 lb + Regulaid 3 pts * Untreated Control *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 10

11 PRESTOP WITH LL OTHERS C 10 CCDEF CDEFG CD CDEFG CDEFGCDE CDEF 9 FG FG DEFG 8 G lossom blight incidence (%) in 2017 on 'Honeycrisp' (LSD, P<5) CDEF DEFG EFG CDE DEFG DEFG C* 4 3 H 2 1 *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 11

12 1 x CS fl oz + Regalia 95.4 fl oz 2 x Harbour 1.5 lb + Regulaid 3 pts 2 x Fireline 17 WP 1 lb 2 x asic Copper 0.37 lb 2 x Copper Count N 1 qt 2 x C-O-C-S WDG lb 2 x Camelot 2.45 gal 2 x adge lb 2 x Nordox lb 2 x Cuprofix Ultra 40 Disperss 0.49 lb 2 x CS gal 2 x COC DF lb + Zinc sulfide 73 oz 2 x Champ WG lb 2 x Camelot gal 2 x ordeaux Mix x Copper Sulfate Crystals lb 2 x Regalia injection 76.8 fl oz/ 3 x Regalia 64 fl oz 2 x Regalia 64 fl oz 2 x CS fl oz + Regalia 32 fl oz Shoot blight incidence (%) in 2017 on 'Honeycrisp' (LSD, P<5) Untreated Control 2 x Prestop 1984 g 2 x Prestop 992 g I CD* CDEFGH FGH CDEFG CDEFG FGH CDEFGH C DEFGH CDEFG EFGH CDEFG CDEFGH GH H CDEF CDE CDEFGH CDEFG CDEF *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 12

13 MRONE IO MI-S LONE lossom blight incidence (%) in 2017 on 'Honeycrisp' (LSD, P<5) 2 x 32 fl oz/ 2 x 32 fl oz/ 2 x 64 fl oz/ (a F727) 2 x MI Inject 32 fl oz/ 4 x MI Inject 32 fl oz/ 2 x Harbour 1.5 lb + Regulaid 3 pts Untreated Control Shoot blight incidence (%) in 2017 on 'Honeycrisp' (LSD, P<5) 2 x 64 fl oz/ (a F727) 2 x MI Inject 32 fl oz/ 4 x MI Inject 32 fl oz/ C 2 x Harbour 1.5 lb + Regulaid 3 pts Untreated Control * 1 x CS fl oz + Regalia 95.4 fl oz * 1 x CS fl oz + Regalia 95.4 fl oz *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 13

14 MRONE IO MI-S ND LL 12 lossom blight incidence (%) in 2017 on 'Honeycrisp' (LSD, P<5) * C 2 1 *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 14

15 Shoot blight incidence (%) in 2017 on 'Honeycrisp' (LSD, P<5) bc ab ab bc ab ab c bc ab d a ab* *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 15

16 MRONE IO WITH LL OTHERS lossom blight incidence (%) in 2017 on 'Honeycrisp' (LSD, P<5) D C C CEF FG CEFG CDEFGCE CEF FG CDEFG G CEF EFG EFG CE EFG EFG H D* *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 16

17 1 x CS fl oz + Regalia 95.4 fl oz Untreated Control 2 x Harbour 1.5 lb + Regulaid 3 pts 4 x MI Inject 32 fl oz/ 2 x Fireline 17 WP 1 lb 2 x asic Copper 0.37 lb 2 x Copper Count N 1 qt 2 x C-O-C-S WDG lb 2 x Camelot 2.45 gal 2 x adge lb 2 x Nordox lb 2 x Cuprofix Ultra 40 Disperss 0.49 lb 2 x CS gal 2 x COC DF lb + Zinc sulfide 73 oz 2 x Champ WG lb 2 x Camelot gal 2 x ordeaux Mix x Copper Sulfate Crystals lb 2 x Regalia injection 76.8 fl oz/ 2 x MI Inject 32 fl oz/ 2 x 64 fl oz/ (a F727) 2 x 32 fl oz/ 3 x Regalia 64 fl oz 2 x Regalia 64 fl oz 2 x CS fl oz + Regalia 32 fl oz Shoot blight incidence (%) in 2017 on 'Honeycrisp' Duncan (P<5) H CD CDEFG EFG CDEF CDEFG DEFG CDEFG C CDEFG CDEF CDEFG CDEF CDEFG FG G CDE* CDEF C CDEFG CDEF CDE CDEFG *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 17

18 3. PRELIMINRY REPORT ON PPLE SC EFFICCY TRIL IN HIGHLND NY pple scab inoculum: severely infected scab leaf litter from 2016 was collected from the 2.5 east M.9 block rows. Total of 4 bins of this leaf litter was scattered evenly, below the trees, across all M.9 block on 4/2/2017. pple scab ascospore release detected in Highland NY with spore tower in HVRL: available online at pple Scab scospores re Mature in Leaf Litter at Highland, NY pple varieties: Cortland (RedCort), Golden Delicious Smoothee, Jersey Mac as mature 22-yr-old trees on M.9 rootstock planted in discrete three-cultivar replicated plots at 25 ft between rows, 10 ft between trees within rows, and 20 feet between plots within rows. Treatments were replicated four times using a randomized complete block design (RCD). Each replicate plot consisted of all three cultivars listed above. Equipment: Treatments were sprayed dilute (300 gal/) to drip using a tractor-carried handgun sprayer (Rear s Pak-Tank 100 gal sprayer, 250 PSI). Maintenance sprays: Various insecticides according to Peter Jentsch s recommendations. Standard herbicides and fertilizers. Spray dates: of the treatments according to the protocol from DuPont 4/11/2017 ½ GREEN 4/17/2017 TC 4/27/2017 PK 4/29/2017 L 5/6/2017 PF 5/12/2017 FC Leaf and Fruit Scab Rating 1: 6/14-16/2017 Spur/Fruit Rating Started. 6/22-23/2017 Spur/Fruit Rating Finished Leaf and Fruit Scab Rating 2: 8/25/2017 2nd Fruit Scab Rating Started. 8/28-29/2017 2nd Fruit Scab Rating Finished Product Growth stage/s rate/ rate/100 gal US rate/15 gal. US rate/20 gal. 1. Control N N N N N 2. Manzate 3 lb TC, PK, PF, FC Merivon 4 fl oz TC, PK, PF, FC Manzate 3 lb Wide Spread Max N Sercadis 3.5 fl oz TC, PK, PF, FC Manzate 3 lb Wide Spread Max N Luna Sensation 4 fl oz TC, PK, PF, FC Manzate 3 lb

19 6. Luna Tranquility 11.2 fl oz TC, PK, PF, FC Manzate 3 lb Manzate lb 1/2 INCH GREEN Captan lb Manzate lb TC Captan lb Fontelis fl oz Manzate lb PK LI 0.25% N Inspire Super fl oz LOOM Manzate lb Fontelis fl oz Manzate lb PF LI 0.25% N Manzate lb FC Captan lb Manzate 1/2 INCH GREEN Captan Manzate lb TC Captan Fontelis fl oz Manzate lb PK LI 0.25% N Fontelis fl oz Manzate lb LOOM LI 0.25% N Inspire Super PF Manzate lb Manzate lb FC Captan lb Manzate lb 1/2 INCH GREEN Captan lb Manzate lb TC Captan lb provia fl oz PK Manzate lb Inspire Super fl oz LOOM Manzate lb provia fl oz PF Manzate lb Manzate lb FC Captan lb Manzate lb 1/2 INCH GREEN Captan lb Manzate lb TC Captan lb provia fl oz PK Manzate lb provia fl oz LOOM Manzate lb Inspire Super fl oz PF Manzate lb Manzate lb FC Captan lb Inspire Super 12 fl oz TC, PK, PF, FC Manzate 3 lb

20 Weather Conditions and Disease Infection Periods in

21 - JERSEY MC SPUR LEF SC JERSEY MC 23 JUN 2017 (LSD, P<5) C EF DE D DE EF EF F F DEF * FRUIT SC JERSEY MC 23 JUN 2017 (Tukey, P<5) C C C C C C C C C * *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 21

22 FRUIT SC JERSEY MC 29 UG 2017 (Tukey, P<5) C CD CDE DEF FG EFG FG FG G G * - RED CORT SPUR LEF SC RED CORT 23 JUN 2017 (LSD, P<5) 10 9 * CD CD C CD D D D CD CD *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 22

23 FRUIT SC RED CORT 23 JUN 2017 (Tukey, P<5) * C CD D D CD D D CD D D FRUIT SC RED CORT 29 UG 2017 (Tukey, P<5) CD CD C CD CD CD D CD *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 23

24 - GOLDEN DELICIOUS SMOOTHEE SPUR LEF SC GD SMOOTHEE 23 JUN 2017 (LSD, P<5) D CD C CD D CD CD D FRUIT SC GD SMOOTHEE 23 JUN 2017 (Tukey, P<5) C C C C C C C C C C * *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 24

25 FRUIT SC GD SMOOTHEE 29 UG 2017 (Tukey, P<5) * C C C C C C C C C *Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 4. PRELIMINRY REPORT ON GRPE POWDERY MILDEW EFFICCY TRIL IN HUDSON NY Grape variety: Cabernet Franc in Hudson NY, 4-year-old. Experimental design Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Each treatment consisted of 4 replicates where one replicate was a 2-vine plot. etween each replicate there was minimum 2 vines or more as a drift buffer. Equipment: Solo 451 backpack, delivering 50 gal/. Maintenance sprays: Downy mildew sprays with Ranman and Revus. Insecticides according to Peter Jentsch s recommendations: Danitol, carbaryl, etc. Spray dates and notes: 25

26 Date ctivity Notes 5/11/2017 Experimental vines only: Danitol Grower s standard: Danitol+Manzate+Pristine+Sulfur 6/2/2017 First Experimental spray + Grower STD (Sulfur + Manzate) Grower STD lb 6/10/2017 Grower STD (Sulfur + Manzate) 5+2 lb 6/17/2017 Quintec + Grower STD (Sulfur + Quintec only on experimental vines, Manzate) Grower STD 5+2 lb 6/24/2017 Growers STD (Sulfur + Manzate) 6 lb Sulfur + 3 lb Manzate 7/1/2017 Second Experimental Spray + Grower STD 6+3, found downy mildew Grower STD (Sulfur + Manzate) symptoms in SW section 7/6/ FL Ranman + 4lbs Manzate on Found Japanese ettle damage in Experimental block same section as above 7/7/2017 Grower STD (Sulfur + Manzate) and sprayed ssail on entire block lb 7/15/2017 Grower STD (Sulfur + Manzate) and 7+3.5,lb Quintec on entire Quintec cover spray experimental block 7/22/2017 Grower STD (Sulfur + Manzate) lb, carbaryl and Ranman applied 2qt Carbaryl and 2.75 FL Ranman to the entire block 7/29/2017 Third Experimental Spray + Grower lb, no disease or jap beetles STD (Sulfur + Manzate) found 8/6/2017 Grower STD (Sulfur + Manzate) lb, tiny bit of downy detected in exp block, first PM symptoms in SW control 8/12/2017 Grower STD lb, downy presence Quintec Cover + Grower STD still minimal, no beetles, further (Sulfur + Manzate) and 2.75 FL progression of PM symptoms on SW Ranman control 8/15/2017 Checking vineyard for disease pressure Downy presence was cause for concern, increasing sporulation was note 8/17/2017 1st disease rating - Plant (leaf and cluster) severity 8/17/2017 Revus 8FL cover spray - entire block Has kickback activity Found 3 jap beetles in block, will likely include Carabaryl in next spray 8/21/2017 Grower STD lb; No carbaryl, no Revus cover 8FL + Grower STD beetles though - temperature might (Sulfur + Manzate) have been too high for sulfur spray 8/26/2017 2nd disease rating Plant (leaf and cluster) severity 8/26/2017 Fourth Experimental Spray 9/2/2017 Grower STD (Sulfur + Manzate), all clusters from the non-rated buffer Grower STD lb vines removed 9/4/2017 3rd disease rating Plant (leaf and cluster) severity 9/13/ th disease rating planned Plant (leaf and cluster) severity ~9/18-22/2017 Measure cluster weights at harvest Week of 9/18 plus-minus 5 days 26

27 Results: Data was analyzed using repeated measures in SS Studio Grape cluster powdery mildew severity (%) Control * Luna Experience provia provia Top Miravis Prime Low Miravis Prime High Grower STD (Sulfur + Manzate) /17/2017 8/26/2017 9/4/2017 Date 80 Grape leaf powdery mildew severity (%) Control * Luna Experience provia provia Top Miravis Prime Low Miravis Prime High Grower STD (Sulfur + Manzate) 0 8/17/2017 8/26/2017 9/4/2017 Date *Means for each treatment line, averaged across all time points, followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 5). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Each mean consists of 4 replicate trees. 27

28 Grape leaf phytotoxicity severity (%) Untreated Control Luna Experience provia provia Top Miravis Prime Low Miravis Prime High Grower STD (Sulfur + Manzate) 0.5 8/17/2017 8/26/2017 9/4/2017 Date 28