Final Report: Control of grape powdery mildew with synthetic, biological and organic fungicides: 2012 field trials

Transcription

1 Final Report: Control of grape powdery mildew with synthetic, biological and organic fungicides: 2012 field trials Ian S ay, Thien N Nguyen, Jack F Emerson and Douglas Gubler Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA, University of California Cooperative Extension, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, October 2012 blished 2012 at: Copyright 2012 by the Regents of the University of California, Davis campus All Rights Reserved

2 Report Summary Powdery mildew is an economically-important pathogen of grapes worldwide This report details the findings of our annual powdery mildew fungicide trials on grapevine (Cultivar Chardonnay) (Vitis vinifera) The trials were conducted at Herzog Ranch, near Courtland, California in 2012 Treatments were placed in four adjacent trials in the vineyard Spraying commenced in mid April, amidst significant rainfall events that likely promoted the release of powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) ascospores from overwintering chasmothecia Powdery mildew pressure increased slowly, held in check by cool temperatures early on, but quickly built to very high disease pressure levels as temperatures warmed Spraying was completed on July 23 and treatments were evaluated for disease incidence and severity The trials consisted of soft chemistry products, including biologicals, sulfurs, nutrient applications, oils, and other materials, as well as synthetics Spray frequencies varied from weekly applications to 21 day intervals Many applications were based on the Gubler-Thomas Risk Index, with application intervals based on the index Temperatures were mild during much of the 2012 growing season, providing optimal conditions for the asexual reproduction and dispersal of powdery mildew Overall disease pressure was high y late June, heavy mildew coverage was evident on untreated clusters y the time of disease evaluation, disease severity in untreated plots in all three trials reached % Materials and Methods A1 Experimental design Trials II-V: Synthetic and organic treatments Experimental design Complete randomized design with 5 replicates Experimental unit 2 adjacent vines = 1 plot (Trial 3A is 1 vine= 1plot Plot area 154 ft 2 (row spacing = 11 ft, vine spacing = 7 ft) Area/treatment 770 ft 2 (5 reps x 2 vines = 1 treatment) Area/treatment acre/treatment 100 gallons (pre-bloom in mid-april), = 18 gallons/5 replicates Volume water/acre 150 gallons (pre-bloom to pea-sized berries, late April late May), = 27 gallons/5 reps 200 gallons (late season), = 35 gallons/5 reps 250 gallons (late season),= 44 gallons/5 reps

3 Experimental treatments The treatments described in this report were conducted for experimental purposes only and crops treated in a similar manner may not be suitable for commercial or other use Trial I No Flag Treatment Frequency Application rate (days) (per acre) FP/5 replicates 1 Untreated none none none 2 Quintec fl oz 35 ml 3 G 4 YS 5 Y 6 YD Rally + Silwet L-77 alt Quintec + Silwet L-77 Luna Exp + Silwet L-77 alt Quintec + Silwet L-77 Pristine + Silwet L-77 alt Quintec + Silwet L-77 Torino + Silwet L-77 alt Quintec + Silwet L (5 oz + alt 4 fl oz) % (v/v) (6 fl oz alt 66 fl oz) % (v/v) (105 oz + alt 66 fl oz) % (v/v) 34 fl oz+ alt 4 fl oz % (v/v) 25 g alt 21 ml + 31 ml alt 35 ml + 53 g + alt 35 ml + 18 ml alt 29 ml + 7 S Luna Tranquility alt Flint 21 alt 120 fl oz alt 2 oz 62 ml + 1 g 8 S Luna Exp alt Flint 6 fl oz alt 2 oz 31 ml + 1 g 9 O Sovran then Topguard 104 then Quintec then Topguard (then repeat protocol) 48 oz then 10 fl oz then 4 fl oz then 10 fl oz (then repeat- 48 oz etc) 10 OS 11 C umulus (at budbreak) then Problad Plus + Silwet L-77 alt Abound + Silwet L-77 umulus (at budbreak) then Problad Plus + Abound + Silwet L- 77 alt Elite + Silwet L-77 umulus (at budbreak) then Elite + Silwet L-77 alt Abound + Silwet L-77 Problad Plus + Silwet L-77 (2x) then Sonata + Silwet L-77 budbreak (until shoots 8-12 ) then then -21(RI) budbreak (until shoots 8-12 ) then then - 21 (RI) budbreak (until shoots 8-12 ) then then - 21 (RI) lb/100 gal then 30 fl oz + O125% (v/v) alt 154 fl oz % (v/v) 5 lb/100 gal then 21 fl oz + 10 fl oz % (v/v) alt 4 oz % (v/v) 5 lb/100 gal then 4 oz %(v/v) alt 154 fl oz + Silwett L %(v/v) 30 fl oz % (v/v) (2x) then 2 qt %(v/v) Sonata + Silwet L qt % (v/v) 24 g then 52 ml then 21 ml then 52 ml then repeat protocol) 29 g then (157 ml alt 81 ml ) + 29 g then (11 ml + 52 ml alt 2 g) + 29 g then (2 g alt 81 ml) + (157 ml then (2x) 335 ml) ml +

4 15 PD 16 D 17 P Quadris Top + Dyneamic alt Quintec + Dyneamic Inspire Super + Dyneamic alt Quintec + Dyneamic Exp 3 + Dyneamic alt Quintec + Dyneamic fl oz % (v/v) alt 4 fl oz % (v/v) 20 fl oz % (v/v) alt 4 fl oz % (v/v) 13 fl oz % (v/v) alt 4 fl oz % (v/v) 18 GS Exp 3 + Dyneamic 13 fl oz % (v/v) (73 ml alt 21 ml) + (105 ml alt 21 ml) + (68 ml alt 21 ml) ml (at 150 gal), 68 ml + 19 YC Quintec alt Flint (standard) (-21) 66 fl oz alt 2 oz 35 ml alt 1 g 20 D Topguard fl oz 52 ml 21 C -21 ( for g or 1 g NUP DG (Flint when Flint when dis 175 lb or 2 oz disease pressure high) press High) 22 PS ocide 175 lb g 23 OD Pristine + Sylgard oz + 3 fl oz/100 gal 24 YS 25 Pristine + Sylgard 309 alt Vivando + Sylgard 309 Merivon+ Sylgard 309 alt Vivando + Sylgard oz + 3 fl oz/100 gal alt 154 fl oz + 3 fl oz/100 gal 5 oz + 3 fl oz/100 gal alt 154 fl oz + 3 fl oz/100 gal 26 PC Merivon + Sylgard oz + 3 fl oz/100 gal 27 S Merivon + Sylgard oz + 3 fl oz/100 gal *All treatments (except control) received 2 applications of 05% (v/v) Stylet-oil at 7 day intervals during first two weeks after bloom 6 g + 16 ml (at 100 gal/a) 24 ml (at 150 gal/a) 31 ml (at 200 gal/a) 39 ml (at 250 gal/a) (6 g alt alt 8 ml) + 16 ml (at 100 gal/a) 24 ml (at 150 gal/a) 31 ml (at 200 gal/a) 39 ml (at 250 gal/a) (26 ml alt 8 ml) + 16 ml (at 100 gal/a) 24 ml (at 150 gal/a) 31 ml (at 200 gal/a) 39 ml (at 250 gal/a) 26 ml + 16 ml (at 100 gal/a) 24 ml (at 150 gal/a) 31 ml (at 200 gal/a) 39 ml (at 250 gal/a) 42 ml + 16 ml (at 100 gal/a) 24 ml (at 150 gal/a) 31 ml (at 200 gal/a) 39 ml (at 250 gal/a) Trial II No Flag Treatment Frequency Application rate (days) (per acre) FP/5 replicates 1 Untreated Control None None none 2 Viticure alt Pristine -21 (RI) 8 fl oz alt 85 oz 42 ml alt 43 g 42 ml alt (29g at 100 gal/a) 3 G (41g at 150 gal/a) Viticure alt umulus alt Quadris 8 fl oz alt 5 lb/100 gal alt (58g at 200 gal/a) Top fl oz (70g at 250 gal/a) alt 73 ml

5 17 ml (at 100 gal), 256 ml(at 150 gal), 332 ml (at 200 gal), 4 S Exp 4 alt Flint 7 alt 025% (v/v) alt 2 oz 416 ml (at 250 gal) alt 10g 17 ml (at 100 gal), 256 ml(at 150 gal), 332 ml (at 200 gal), 5 O Exp 4 + Flint 025% + 1 oz 416 ml (at 250 gal) + 05g 6 YS Flint 2 oz 10 g 7 Y IF fl oz 21 ml 8 YD IF fl oz 26 ml 9 S IF-309 alt Rally 4 fl oz alt 4 oz 21 ml alt 2 g 10 IF-309 alt Elite 4 fl oz alt 4 oz 21 ml alt 2 g 11 C Vivando 103 fl oz 54 ml 12 Quintec alt Flint, then Leaf Removal alone (-21) 66 fl oz alt 20 oz 35 ml alt 10 g 1340 ml (at 100 gal/a) 2010 ml (at 150 gal/a) 13 Stylet-oil 2% (v/v) 2680 ml (at 200 gal/a) 3331 ml (at 250 gal/a) 670 ml (at 100 gal/a) 1005 ml (at 150 gal/a) Stylet-oil alone (before bloom) 1% (v/v) (before bloom) 1340 ml (at 200 gal/a) then Stylet-oil + Procure then 1% (v/v) + 6 oz 167 ml (at 250 gal/a) then (see above) + 31 ml 15 PD Stylet-oil (before bloom) then Stylet-oil + Flint 1% (v/v) (before bloom) then 1% (v/v) + 2 oz 16 D Tri-Tek 10-21(RI) 1% (v/v) 17 P Tri-Tek 10-21(RI) 2%(v/v) 18 GS Eco 4000 (change rate on1 st week of June) 05% (v/v) then 0075% (v/v) 670 ml (at 100 gal/a) 1005 ml (at 150 gal/a) 1340 ml (at 200 gal/a) 167 ml (at 250 gal/a) then (see above) + 10 g 670 ml (at 100 gal/a) 1005 ml (at 150 gal/a) 1340 ml (at 200 gal/a) 167 ml (at 250 gal/a) 1340 ml (at 100 gal/a) 2010 ml (at 150 gal/a) 2680 ml (at 200 gal/a) 3331 ml (at 250 gal/a) 34 then 51 ml(at 100 gal) 51 then 77 ml(at 150gal) 66 then 99 ml (at 200gal) 83 then125 ml(at 250gal) 19 YC Acadian + Rally 05 gal + 4 oz 335 ml + 2 g 20 D Rally 4 oz 2 g 21 C Exp PS Exp OD umulus 10-5 lb 40 g 24 YS umulus + Exp A 10-5 lb + 025% (v/v) 40 g + 17 ml (at 100 gal) 256 ml(at 150 gal) 332 ml (at 200 gal) 416 ml (at 250 gal) 25 OS CX % SC 7- (RI) 65 fl oz 34 ml *All treatments (except control) received 2 applications of 05% (v/v) Stylet-oil at 7 day intervals during first two weeks after bloom

6 Trial 3 Frequency Application rate No Flag Treatment FP/5 replicates (days) (per acre) 1 Untreated Control None None none 2 3 R 4 5 OS 6 7 D 8 S 9 YD Stylet Oil + Luna Exp then Quintec alt Flint Stylet Oil + Luna Exp then Pristine alt Sonata alt Quintec alt Sonata alt Flint alt Sonata Stylet oil + Luna Exp then Pristine alt Rally alt Quintec alt Rally alt Flint alt Rally Stylet oil + Luna Exp then Phyton 27 AG + Hiett Stylet oil + Luna Exp then Viticure alt Pristine Stylet oil + Luna Exp then Viticure alt umulus alt Quadris Top Stylet oil + Luna Exp then MARXP-1 + NuFilm P Stylet oil + Luna Exp then MARXP-2 + NuFilm P 21 then-21 (RI) 21 then 21 then 21 then10- (RI) 21 then-21 (RI) 21 then-21 (RI) alt 10- (RI) alt -21 (RI) 21 then 7 21 then 7 05% (v/v) + 2 oz then 66 fl oz alt 20 oz 05% (v/v) + 2 oz then 8 oz alt 1 gal alt 4 fl oz alt 1 gal alt 15 oz alt 1 gal 05% (v/v) + 2 oz then 8 oz alt 4 oz alt 4 fl oz alt 4 oz alt 15 oz alt 4 oz 05% (v/v) + 2 oz then 40 fl oz + 01% (v/v) 05% (v/v) + 2 oz then 8 fl oz alt 85 oz 05% (v/v) + 2 oz then 8 oz alt 5 lb alt oz 05% (v/v) + 2 oz then 04% (v/v) + 6 oz 05% (v/v) + 2 oz then 04% (v/v) + 6 oz 84 ml + 2 oz then 35 ml alt 10 g 84 ml + 2 oz then 40 g alt 67 ml alt 21 ml alt 67 ml alt 075 g a;t 67 ml 84 ml + 2 oz then 40 g alt 20 g alt 21 ml alt 20g alt 075 g alt 20 g 84 ml + 2 oz then 21 ml ml (at 150 gal) 132 ml (at 200 gal) 167 ml (at 250 gal) 84 ml + 2 oz then 42 ml alt 43 g 84 ml + 2 oz then 42 alt 401 g alt 73 ml 84 ml + 2 oz then 53 ml (at 200 gal) 666 ml (at 250 gal) + 31 ml 84 ml + 2 oz then 53 ml (at 200 gal) 666 ml (at 250 gal) + 31 ml 10 OD Stylet oil + Luna Experience then 21 then then 05% (v/v) + 2 oz then 2 Stylet oil + Flint then Regalia 7 qt 336 ml 11 Stylet oil + Luna Experience then 21 then then 05% (v/v) + 2 oz then 6 Stylet oil + Flint then Luna Exp 21 then then fl oz then 2 oz then 2 qt then Flint then Regalia 7 31 ml then 1 g then 333 ml *All treatments (except control) received 2 applications of 05% (v/v) Stylet-oil at 7 day intervals during first two weeks after bloom Trial 3 received application of Luna Experience, 6 fl oz and 05% (v/v) Stylet oil on 5/9 Treatments OD and received application of Flint, 2 oz and 05% (v/v) Stylet-oil on 5/30

7 N PS YS OD D YS OD YC C EXTRAS EXTRAS D C GS PC YC C C YC Y OD OD YS C S OS S S D D PD YC YS PD Y YS O O PS OS S G PD YS P G OS S Y GS PC YD GS PS O PC YS S PC GS OS G P YS PD OD P S YD PC PD G YS YC C G Y S C D OD PS YS Y C S YS PS S O GS YD S O P TRIAL 1 YC OD C OS P YS S C YD S S D D YD D D C S PS D uffer Row uffer Row D Row

8 N Robin's Trial YD Y P PS YS YS PS YS PS PS YS PS YS YS PS S S YS YC OS D O PD C G D C GS PS S O S C GS OS YD P Y PD D YS G PD GS C P D YC G O YD Y OD D S YS C PS OS S YS C OS YD C Y PS YS S O D P S YC OD GS D PD G YS D S G D OD YS S YS O C YC OS C P GS PD PS YD Y TRIAL 2 PS YS OD D YS OD YC C EXTRAS EXTRAS D C GS PC YC C C YC Y OD OD YS C S OS Row

9 TRIAL 3 N OD OD OD OD OD Trial 3 Trial 3 OS R YD S D D OS S R YD OS S YD D R R S YD D YD Y P PS YS YS PS YS PS PS YS PS YS YS PS OS S OS R D YD Robin's Trial Trial 3

10 Overview map N Trial 3 Robin's Trial Trial 2 Trial 1 uffer Vines Vineyard Row D Application history

11 TRIAL 1

12 TRIAL 2

13 TRIAL 3

14 E Vine management During the application period (mid April to late July), vines were irrigated two times by flooding Sucker shoots were removed by local field personnel during the second week of May 2012 Leaf removal around the clusters was conducted by our research group on May 31 and June Sucker and leaf removal were done on all trials Overhanging shoots were hedged on June 4, 5, and using electric hedgers Additional small-scale removal of leaves was also conducted at various times F Data collection and statistics Daily temperature, precipitation data and Gubler-Thomas Risk Index values were computed and obtained from a Metos weather station (Pessl Instruments Gmbh, eksweg 107, 8160 eiz, Austria) located at the site Effect of plot position on plot mean severity was based on data values for all plots from all trials Disease was assessed on 23 July Powdery mildew incidence and severity were assessed in each plot by evaluating twenty five random clusters Incidence was defined as the proportion of clusters in a plot hosting at least some living powdery mildew Severity was determined by estimating the percentage of berries in a cluster that were infected; the severity value of all clusters was then averaged to give a plot-wide estimate of disease severity Visual estimates of severity were made for more heavily infected clusters Mean incidence and severity values for each treatment along with standard error were computed Trial models were analyzed using the ANOVA Tests for data; P-values for trials 1, 2, 3, and 3A were all P<00001 Means comparisons were made using Fisher s LSD with α=005

15 Figure 1 eather data, powdery mildew risk index values, and disease progression in the trials from April to until disease evaluation on 26 July (A-) daily records of precipitation and temperatures from the Powdery Mildew index website, (C) Powdery mildew risk index, calculated by an on site Metos weather station Temp Herzog Ranch Avg Temp Min Temp Max Temp Temperature (degees C) /15/2012 4/22/2012 4/29/2012 5/6/2012 5/13/2012 5/20/2012 5/27/2012 6/3/2012 6/10/2012 6/17/2012 6/24/2012 7/1/2012 7/8/2012 7/15/2012 7/22/2012 Precipitation Herzog Ranch Precipitation Precipitation (mm) /15/2012 4/22/2012 4/29/2012 5/6/2012 5/13/2012 5/20/2012 5/27/2012 6/3/2012 6/10/2012 6/17/2012 6/24/2012 7/1/2012 7/8/2012 7/15/2012 7/22/2012 Gubler-Thomas PM Risk Index 2012 Risk Index 120 Risk Assessmnet Index /15/2012 4/22/2012 4/29/2012 5/6/2012 5/13/2012 5/20/2012 5/27/2012 6/3/2012 6/10/2012 6/17/2012 6/24/2012 7/1/2012 7/8/2012 7/15/2012 7/22/2012

16 Results and discussion Table 1 Disease incidence and severity in trial 1 Product names are followed by rate (per acre) and the frequency of application Treatment means followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher s LSD at α=005; alt =alternated with Treatment Disease Severity % Disease Incidence % Merivon, 8 fl oz + Sylgard 309, 3 fl oz/100 gal, 28 d 000 d 080 h Merivon, 5 fl oz Sylgard 309, 3 fl oz/100 gal alt Vivando, 154 fl oz + Sylgard 309, 0125%, 21 d 005 d 320 gh Rally, 5 oz + Silwet L-77, 0125%(v/v) alt Quintec, 66 fl oz + Silwet L-77, 0125% (v/v), d 010 d 800 efgh Merivon, 5 fl oz + Sylgard 309, 3 fl oz/100 gal, 21 d 010 d 720 efgh Topguard, 10 fl oz, d 0 d 640 fgh Torino, 34 fl oz + Silwet L-77, 0125% (v/v) alt Quintec, 4 fl oz + Silwet L-77, 0125%(v/v), d 021 d 640 fgh Inspire Super, 20 fl oz + Dyneamic, 0125%(v/v) alt Quintec, 4 fl oz + Dyneamic, 0125% (v/v), d 021 d 720 efgh Luna Exp, 6 fl oz + Silwet L-77, 0125% (v/v) alt Quintec, 66 fl oz + Silwet L-77, 0125% (v/v), 21 d 024 d 1040 edfgh Pristine, 105 oz + Silwet L-77, 0125% alt Quintec, 66 fl oz + Silwet L-77, 0125% 21 d 027 d 640 fgh Pristine, 12 oz + Sylgard 309, 3 fl oz/100 gal, 21 d 040 d 1600 defgh umulus, 5 lb/100 gal (at budbreak) then Problad Plus, 30 fl oz+ Silwet L-77, 0125% (v/v), d alt Abound, 154 fl oz + Silwet L-77, 0125% (v/v), -21 d (RI) 040 d 2160 def Quadris Top, 2 qt + Dyneamic, 0125% (v/v) alt Quintec, 4 fl oz + Dyneamic, % (v/v), d 041 d 1520 defgh Pristine, 12 oz + Sylgard 309, 3 fl oz/100 gal alt Vivando, 154 fl oz + Sylgard 309, 3 fl oz/100 gal, 21 d 043 d 1120 defgh Sovran, 48 oz then Topguard, 10 fl oz then Quintec, 4 fl oz then Topguard, 10 fl oz, d 045 d 1280 defgh Exp 3, 13 fl oz + Dyneamic, 0125% (v/v), d 052 d 2240 def Exp 3, 13 fl oz + Dyneamic, 0125%(v/v) alt Quintec, 4 fl oz + Dyneamic, 0125% (v/v), d 055 d 1920 defg Problad Plus, 30 fl oz + Silwet L-77, 0125% (v/v) (2x) then Sonata, 2 qt + Silwett-L-77, 0125% (v/v), 7-10 d 058 d 1280 defgh Luna Exp, 6 fl oz alt Flint, 2 oz, d 061 d 640 fgh umulus (at budbreak), 5lb/100 gal, then Problad Plus, 21 fl oz + Abound, 10 fl oz, d + Silwet L-77, 00125% alt Elite, 4 oz + Silwet L-77, 0125% (v/v), -21d (RI) 112 d 2480 cde Quintec 66 fl oz alt Flint, 2 oz, -21 (RI) 174 d 4240 bc umulus (at budbreak), 5lb/100 gal, then Elite, 4 oz + Silwet L-77, 0125% (v/v), d alt Abound, 154 fl oz + Silwet L-77, 0125% (v/v), -21 (RI) 175 d 2240 def Quintec, 66 fl oz, 21 d 210 d 5400 b Sonata, 2 qt + Silwet L-77, 0125%(vv), 7-10 d (RI) 249 d 2800 cd Tranquility, 120 fl oz, 21 d alt Flint, 2 oz, d 2187 c 8320 a ocide, 175 lb, d 4152 b 9520 a NUP DG (Flint when disease pressure high)-21d (RI), d (Flint) 4630 b 9840 a Untreated Control 9900 a a

17 Table 2 Disease incidence and severity in trial 2 Product names are followed by rate (per acre) and the frequency of application Treatment means followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher s LSD at α=005; alt =alternated with Disease Severity % Disease Incidence % Treatment Vivando, 103 fl oz, d 000 f 000 i IF-309, 4 fl oz alt Elite, 4 oz, d 017 f 480 hi IF-309, 4 fl oz alt Rally, 4 oz, d 026 f 800 hi Tri-Tek, 2 % (v/v), 10-21d (RI) 034 f 1040 hi Viticure, 8 fl oz alt umulus, 5 lb/100 gal alt Quadris Top, fl oz, d 036 f 640 hi IF-309, 5 fl oz, d 040 f 1120 hi IF-309, 4 fl oz, d 049 f 1280 hi Stylet-oil, 2% (v/v), d 103 f 1600 ghi Viticure, 8 fl oz alt Pristine, 85 oz, -21d (RI) 107 f 2240 fghi Tri-Tek, 1 % (v/v), 10-21d (RI) 115 f 1520 hi Stylet-oil (before bloom), 1% (v/v) then Stylet-oil, 1% (v/v) + Flint, 2 oz, d 136 f 2560 fgh umulus, 5 lb + Exp A, 025% (v/v), 10-d (RI) 155 f 2320 fgh Stylet-oil (before bloom), 1% (v/v) then Stylet-oil, 1% (v/v) + Procure, 6 oz, d 162 f 40 hi Acadian, 05 gal + Rally, 4 oz, d 331 f 4000 ef umulus, 5lb, 10- (RI) 352 f 5360 de Rally, 4 oz, d 389 ef 3840 efg Exp 4, 025% (v/v), 7d alt Flint, 2 oz, d 511 def 6000 cde Exp 4, 025% (v/v) + Flint, 1 oz, d 576 def 6880 bcd Eco 4000, 005% (v/v) until June then 0075% (v/v), d 706 def 6400 bcd Quintec, 66 fl oz alt Flint, 2 oz, -21d (RI) then Leaf Removal alone 837 def 8320 ab CX % SC, 65 fl oz 7- (RI) 1248 cde 6400 bcd Flint, 2 oz, d 1369 cd 8160 abc Exp 1, 10d 2093 c 9440 a Exp 2, 10d 4001 b 9840 a Untreated Control 9596 a a Table 3 Disease severity in trial 3 treatments Product names are followed by rate (per acre) and the frequency of application Treatment means followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher s LSD at α=005; alt =alternated with Disease Severity % Disease Incidence % Treatment Stylet Oil, 05% (v/v) + Luna Exp, 6 fl oz, 21d then Stylet Oil, 05% (v/v) + Flint, 2oz, d then Luna Exp, 6 fl oz, 21 d then Flint, 2 oz, d then Regalia, 2 qt, 7d 004 d 240 e Stylet Oil 05% (v/v) Luna Exp, 6 fl oz, 21 d then Stylet Oil 05% (v/v) + Flint, 2 oz, d then Regalia, 005 d 400 de Stylet Oil, 05% (v/v) + Luna Exp, 6 fl oz, 21d then Viticure, 8 oz, -21d (RI) alt umulus, 5 lb, 10- d (RI)alt Quadris Top, oz, -21d (RI) 040 d 1600 cde Phyton 27 AG, 40 fl oz + Hiett, 01% (v/v), 10-d (v/v) 054 d 1680 cde Stylet Oil, 05% (v/v) + Luna Exp 6 fl oz, 21d then Viticure, 8 fl oz alt Pristine, 85 oz, -21d (RI) 063 d 1520 cde Stylet Oil, 05% (v/v) + Luna Exp, 6 fl oz, 21d then MARXP-2, 04% (v/v) + NulFilm P, 6 fl oz, 7d 130 cd 2880 cd Sonata, 1 gal alt Quintec, 4 fl oz alt Sonata, 1 gal alt Flint, 15 oz alt Sonata, 1 gal, d 147 cd 3680 c Stylet Oil, 05% (v/v) + Luna Exp, 6 fl oz, 21d then MARXP-1, 04% (v/v) + NulFilm P, 6 fl oz, 7d 394 bc 7360 b Pristine, 8 oz alt Rally, 4 oz alt Quintec, 4 fl oz alt Rally, 4 oz alt Flint, 15 oz alt Rally, 4 oz, d 452 b 7040 b Stylet Oil, 05% (v/v) + Luna Exp, 6 fl oz, 21d then Quintec, 66 fl oz alt Flint, 2 oz, -21d (RI) 566 b 7360 b Untreated Control 9730 a a

18 Acknowledgements e thank Herzog Ranch for permission to conduct research at their site Thanks to the various industry donors for providing of testing materials e thank R Choudhury, F Peduto, S Haack, Janet Hanstad, M Hearn, T Nguyen, Anna Erickson, and H Yokahama-Hatch for assisting with disease evaluation in the field Appendix: Materials Product Active ingredient(s) and concentration Manufacturer or distributor Chemical class (after Adaskaveg et al 2008) Acadian soluble potash (5%) Acadian Agritech N/A Abound azoxystrobin (229%) Syngenta QoI CX % SC proprietary Certis N/A Dyneamic polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane, nonionic emulsifiers, methyl ester of C16-C18 fatty acids (99%) Helena Chemical Co adjuvant Eco 4000 Proprietary Nature Chem oil Elite 45 P tebuconazole (45%) ayer DMI-triazole Exp A N/A proprietary N/A Exp 1 N/A proprietary N/A Exp 2 N/A proprietary N/A Exp 3 N/A proprietary N/A Exp 4 proprietary proprietary N/A Flint 50G trifloxystrobin (50%) ayer QoI Hi ett polysiloxane polyether copolymer, polyoxyethylenepolyoxypropylene copolymer & alcohol ethoxylate (100%) First Choice adjuvant IF-309 proprietary IS iosciences N/A Inspire Super 282 difenoconazole (84%), Syngenta Crop DMI + cyprodinil (24%) Protection, Inc anilinopyrimidine JMS Stylet-Oil paraffinic oil (971%) JMS Flower Farms, Inc oil ocide 3000 copper hydroxide (461%) DuPont copper umulus DF sulfur (80%) ASF sulfur Luna Experience fluopyram (1754%), tebuconazole (1754%) ayer DMI-triazole/ N/A Luna Tranquility fluopyram (113%) pyrimethanil (338%) ayer SDHI/AP MARXP-1 MARXP-2 potassium hypochlorite peroxyacetic Acid (-17%) hydrogen Peroxide (21-23%) acetic Acid (-20%) Enviro Tech Chemical Services Inc Enviro Tech Chemical Services Inc leach N/A

19 Merivon fluxabyroxad (2126%) pyraclostrobin (2126%) NUP copper hydroxide (461%) Phyton-27 AG Pristine Problad Plus copper sulfate pentahydrate (2127%) pyraclostrobin (128%) boscalid (252%) protein extracted from the plant of the genus Lupinus, 20% Procure 480SC triflumizole (42%) Quadris Top 271 azoxystrobin (182%), difenoconazole (119%) Quintec quinoxyfen (226%) Rally 40 SP myclobutanil (40%) ASF Nufarm Americas Inc Phyton Corporation ASF FMC Corporation Crompton Manufacturing Company (Chemtura Corp) Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc Dow AgroSciences LLP Dow AgroSciences LLP Marrone ioinnovations N/A + QoI N/A other QoI + carboxamide N/A DMI DMI-triazole/QoI quinoline DMI-triazole Regalia Reynoutria sachilinensis extract biological allyloxypolyethyleneglycol Silwet L-77 methyl ether Helena Chemical heptamethyltrisiloxane Co unknown polyalkyleneoxide Sonata acillus pumilus QST 2808 (138%) Agraquest biological Sovran kresoxim-methyl (50%) Chaminova, Inc QoI Sylgard 309 polysiloxane (80%) Dow Corning Corp adjuvant Topguard flutriafol (12%) Cheminova DMI Torino N/A Gowan Co N/A Tranquility fluopyram (113%) pyrimethanil (338%) ayer N/A Tri-Tek petroleum oil (80%) randt, Inc oil Viticure 4 SC triflumizole (42%) Crompton Manufacturing Company (Chemtura Corp) DMI Vivando metrafenone (300g/L) ASF N/A Appendix sources: (1) Adaskaveg, et al 2012 Efficacy and timing of fungicides, bactericides and biologicals for deciduous tree fruit, nut, strawberry, and vine crops 2012, available at (2) Janousek et al 2008 Grape powdery mildew trials, available at (3) ay, et al, 2011, Grape powdery mildew Trials available at: (4) product-specific MSDS and/or labels