PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE ON RISK ANALYSIS IN FOOD SAFETY EMERGENCY IN INDONESIA

Transcription

1 PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE ON RISK ANALYSIS IN FOOD SAFETY EMERGENCY IN INDONESIA Roy Sparringa National Agency for Drug and Food Control Republic of Indonesia Training Workshop on Food recall and traceability -Application in National food safety control Chiang Mai-Thailand, 15 February 2013

2 AGENDA 1. Introduction 2. Emergency Response System in Indonesia 3. Practical experience in food safety emergency response 4. Conclusion 2

3 AGENDA 1. Introduction 2. Emergency Response System in Indonesia 3. Practical experience in food safety emergency response 4. Conclusion 3

4 Republic of Indonesia Area: 1,904,569 km 2 (> islands, 33 provinces, 530 municipalities/ regencies) The world s 4 th most populous country (238 M in 2010 census) Top production [world rank, FAOstat]: rice, paddy [3 rd ], palm oil [1 st ], cassava [2 nd ], coconuts [1 st ], maize [6 th ], cocoa beans [2 nd ]; also 1 st rank for cloves, vanilla, cinnamon; 2 nd rank for pepper; 3 rd rank for nutmeg, coffee; and many more

5 Great challenge to control food safety in Indonesia Wide coverage area of control Large diversity of foods: products of SMEs, imported foods Most food business operators are SMEs: often lack of food safety knowledge and practices Varying level of consumer awareness in food safety Limited number of competent food inspectors

6 AGENDA 1. Introduction 2.Emergency Response System in Indonesia 3. Practical experience in food safety emergency response 4. Conclusion 6

7 Food Safety Emergency? A situation, whether accidental or intentional, that is identified by competent authority as constituting a serious and as yet uncontrolled foodborne risk to public health that requires urgent action Codex Alimentarius in FAO/WHO (2010) 7

8 FAO/ WHO framework for developing national food safety emergency response plans (FAO/WHO, 2010) 1. Obtain high level support 2. Identify key partners 3. Establish a planning group Integrated Food Safety System in Indonesia Ministries/Agencies from Farm to Table INRASFF

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10 Food Safety Alert and Response System in Indonesia Rapid response, particularly in emergency situation National Food Safety Committee Indonesia Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (INRASFF) Integrated Food Safety System

11 EMERGENCY RESPONSE IN INDONESIA ARASFF EURASFF INFOSAN IHR GOARN Other International Contact Points International Level National Level LCCP CCP NADFC NCP INDONESIA CCP Ministry of Agriculture LCCP LCCP CCP Ministry of Industry CCP Ministry of Health LCCP CCP Ministry of Fisheries& Marine Affairs CCP Ministry of Trade LCCP NCP: National Contact Point CCP: Competent Contact Point LCCP: Local Competent Contact Point LCCP

12 NCP INRASFF: Directorate of Food Safety Surveillance and Extension, NADFC ISO 9001: 2008 SOP for Food Safety Alert and Response INRASFF secretariat received and followed up 51 notifications in 2012 from EU-RASFF, INFOSAN and other countries (e.g. South Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, US)

13 INRASFF = Synergistic Food Safety Alert and Response System in Indonesia Emergency Alert FSER Crisis Incident Business as usual Food Safety Emergency Response (FAO/WHO, 2010) Alert Alert, border rejection News, information Food Safety Alert & Response System in Indonesia INRASFF

14 AGENDA 1. Introduction 2. Emergency Response System in Indonesia 3. Practical experience in food safety emergency response 4. Conclusion 14

15 FOOD POISONING OUTBREAKS AT SCHOOL Food poisoning outbreak at school is dominated by elementary schools (70-79%)

16 Prevention strategy School is a place for food safety (WHO, 10 facts in food safety) Targeted food safety for school-based programs shall be emphasized in public health initiatives (American Academy of Food Microbiology, 2010) The National Movement of Food Sold and Consumed by School Children(FCSC): initiative of food safety for school children in Indonesia Food safety program in schools is a strategy to prevent problem which may lead to emergency situation (e.g. foodborne disease outbreak)

17 PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE ON RISK ANALYSIS IN FOOD SAFETY EMERGENCY IN INDONESIA Melamine contaminated milk powder (2008) Cronobacter (Enterobacter) sakazakii in milk powder (2008) Methylparaben (Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate) in instant noodle (2010) Handling notification Fukushima Event Nuclear Power Station Crisis (2011) 17

18 Melamine Contaminated milk powder (2008) 16 Sept 08 : First alert was received from secure website of INFOSAN in a form of INFOSAN Emergency Note Sept Oct 08: continuously received Emergency notes. Every note received was reviewed and forwarded to key stakeholders Public Concern Sept 2008 : sampling food products imported from China, found several products contained melamine 27 September 08 : Head of NADFC issued press release to public to inform food brands contaminated with melamine as Public Warning and risk communication Set up National standard based on Risk Assessment Nov 2008 now Monitoring melamine in food product 16 July 2012 : Ministry of Health issued maximum level of melamine in food 18

19 MELAMINE Maximum level of Melamine in Foods Food Maximum level (ppm) Powdered Infant Formula 1 Ready-to-eat Infant Formula 0,15 Other foods 2,5 19

20 Cronobacter (Enterobacter) sakazakii in milk powder (2008) 16 Feb 08 : Publication on a survey of infant formula contained E. sakazakii by university in Indonesia raised public concerns 23 June 08 : Seminar and round table discussion held to discuss E.sakazakii prevention Feb - Mar 08 : sampling of infant food products, showed negative result 26 Feb 08 : NADFC expressed that government focused on possibility of microbial contamination of E. sakazakii to infant formula Risk communication July : Indonesia Supreme Court Prosecution to MoH, NADFC and Manufacture responsible as reported in University s Research 28 Oct 09: Head of NADFC issued a decree No. HK on maximum limit of contaminants in foods 2009 now : Monitoring about E. sakazakii has continued Pre-market evaluation Post-market evaluation (food sampling, production premises inspection) Integrated survey : NADFC, MoH, Universities: no result of E. sakazakii in infant foods ( ) 20

21 E. sakazakii Maximum level of Cronobacter / Enterobacter sakazakii in infant formula Food Microbial hazards Maximum level Infant formula and infant medical formula Enterobacteriaceae negatif/10 g Enterobacter sakazakii negatif/10 g Note: n: 10 sampels; c: 2 sampels n: 30 sampels 21

22 Methylparaben in instant noodle (2010) 9 and 10 Oct 2010: reports and mass media publication on the issue raised public concern due to food recall in other country recognized that the instant noodle containing paraben as cosmetic preservative Oct 2010: pre-market evaluation documents, sampling and monitoring result were assessed Black Campaign 11 Oct 2010 (3 months): Risk communication performed to community and stakeholders 11 Oct 2010: Press Release : inform that instant noodle in Indonesia were safe to be consumed (case of different standard applied in imported country) 18 Oct 2010 : Sampling of ketchup and instant noodles of methyl paraben in Indonesia and found no sample exceeding the maximum limit 22

23 Handling Notification Fukushima Event Nuclear Power Station Crisis (2011) Mar Sep 11 : INFOSAN INFORMATION NOTE was accepted by NCP INRASFF, analyzed and forwarded to related contact points within 1 x 24 hours 11 Mar 11: Import certificates were issued for imported products from Japan Mar-May 11: Intensive communication was performed to related stakeholder 27 May 11: Minister of Health issued Max Level of Radiation Contaminant in Foods Food Maximum level I-131 Cs-137 Baby food Milk and processed milk Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Fish and other sea foods Food Maximum level I-131 Cs-137 Meat 500 Packaged water 150 Cereals, including corn wheat and barley 500 Other foods 500

24 Remember Risk Analysis Risk Assessment Science based Risk Management Policy based Risk communication Interactive and ongoing exchange of information and opinions RAS 24

25 Hazard characterization Hazard identification Exposure assessment RISK MANAGEMENT Risk management with identified issue Risk profile Risk characterization Decision on how to proceed RISK ASSESSMENT Perform risk assessment Consider results No risk assessment Intervention including risk communication Select management options Final management decision Success of risk analysis during food safety emergencies depending on strong risk management role with risk assessment supports 25

26 RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS MONITORING AND REVIEW Assess the outcome Review the outcome PRELIMINARY RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT DECISION Implement the best intervention as decided (government, industry, consumer) Identify & describe food safety issue Develop a risk profile Establish broad risk management goal Decide whether a risk assessment is necessary Establish a risk assessment policy Commision the risk assessment Consider the result of the risk assessment Rank food safety issues and set priorities SELECTION OF RISK MANAGEMENT OPTIONS Identify available management options Evaluate the identified management options Select a risk management option(s) RAS 26

27 RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS Risk management process during food safety emergency in principle is the same, BUT: Need to be quick action, more coordination centrally, usually data / knowledge lacking

28 AGENDA 1. Introduction 2. Emergency Response System in Indonesia 3. Practical experience in food safety emergency response 4. Conclusion 28

29 CONCLUSION LESSON LEARNED food safety emergency event requires: timely rapid response, preparedness, strong and independent scientific expertise, transparency during the process, strong network, legal aspect, good and clear risk communication trigger to stronger food control FOLLOW UP Establishment of National Center for Food Safety Alert and Response (NCFSAR) Establishing an independent scientific expert group that provides scientific evaluation (risk profile, empiric scientific evaluation, safety evaluation / chemical hazard, risk assessment, food source atribution, ranking tools) Revision of Government Regulation for legal aspect to strengthen national emergency response system Improvement of risk based food inspection

30 RISK BASED FOOD INSPECTION Theophratus von Hohenheim (Paracelcus) Alle Dinge sind Gift und nichts ohne Gift. Allein die Dosis macht, dass ein Ding kein Gift ist (All things are poisons, nothing is without poison; the dose causes a thing not to be poison) RISK = HAZARD X EXPOSURE = DOSE OF POISON/HAZARD How much, how often, how big the portion, concentration / prevalence?

31 TAKE HOME MESSAGES Preparedness is very critical for the implementation of risk analysis during food safety emergency The core of food safety control should focus from reaction and response to prevention. It makes risk analysis during food safety emergencies much easier 31

32 Terima Kasih Thank you For further Information, please contact: INFOSAN EMERGENCY CP/ INRASFF NCP: Directorate of Food Safety Surveillance and Extension Jalan Percetakan Negara No. 23 Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia Phone /Facsimile: inrasff@pom.go.id, sekretariat_jkpn@yahoo.co.id