Index. Clin Perinatol 33 (2006) Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

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1 Clin Perinatol 33 (2006) Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isozazole (AMPA) receptors, in brain function and injury, 918, Acute life-threatening events, , Acyclovir, for viral infections, 877 Airway control, Alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate, for preterm delivery prevention, 785, 796 American Academy of Pediatrics, kernicterus guidelines of, 956 AMPA (a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4- isozazole) receptors, in brain function and injury, 918, Amphotericin B, for fungal infections, 877 Ampicillin, for infections, Antenatal Steroids for Term Cesarean Section study, 797 Antioxidant deficiencies, in gray matter injury, 927 Apnea, 899, Apoptosis, neuronal, in gray matter injury, 918, AREC (assistance respiratoire extracorporelle), 821 Arthritis, septic, 873 Asphyxia, hypoglycemia with, Assisted reproduction technology, 758 B Bacteremia, 875, 877 Bed rest, for preterm delivery prevention, 768, Beta adrenergic agents, for preterm delivery prevention, 785 Bilirubin, elevated. See Hyperbilirubinemia. BiliTool, 846 Birth, of late preterm infants assisted reproductive technology and, 758 causes of, , delayed childbearing and, 758 delivery in, causes of, cesarean. See Cesarean delivery. emergency department visits related to, 940 labor induction for, , methods for, elective, epidemiology of, , 765, iatrogenic, maternal obesity and, multiple. See Multiple gestations. practice guidelines for, 757 prevention of, stillbirths and, , 771 trends in, ethnic, 755 international, racial, 755 Blood culture, in infections, 875 Brain. See also Neurologic and neurodevelopmental outcome. development of, gray matter injury in, hypoglycemic damage in, Brainstem development and function, airway control, 893 apnea, 899, breathing regulation, circadian rhythms, /06/$ - see front matter Ó 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. doi: /s (06) perinatology.theclinics.com

2 966 INDEX Brainstem (continued) coordination of sucking, swallowing, and breathing, 898 laryngeal reflexes, lung volume control, mechanoreflexes, neurophysiology of, periodic breathing, sleep maturation, thermoregulation, Breast-feeding hyperbilirubinemia and, in hypoglycemia, 858, 866 problems with, Breathing control of airway maintenance in, 893 apnea and, 899, brainstem development and, chemical, during sucking and swallowing, 898 home monitoring study of, in hypercapnia, in hypoxia, laryngeal reflexes in, lung volume, maturation of, 904 mechanoreflexes, neurophysiology of, sleep interaction with, thermoregulation and, periodic, problems with. See also Respiratory disorders. emergency department visits in, 938, , 943 C Candida infections diagnosis of, 875 epidemiology of, treatment of, 877 Carbon dioxide, in breathing control, Cardiorespiratory control. See Breathing, control of. Catalase deficiency, gray matter injury in, 927 Cefotaxime, for infections, 877 Cephalosporins, for infections, 877 Cerebellar cortex development of, gray matter injury in, Cerebellum, development of, Cerebral cortex development of, , 925 injury of, Cerebral palsy, in multiple gestations, 780 Cervical cerclage, for preterm delivery prevention, 768, 784 Cervical shortening monitoring, for preterm delivery prevention, 786 Cesarean delivery epidemiology of, 756 for convenience, 798 for small infants, 772 iatrogenic prematurity in, indications for, repeat, 798 respiratory morbidity after, statistics on, , 805 Chemoreceptors, in breathing control, Chest radiography, in hypoxic respiratory failure, 811 CHIME (Collaborative Home Infant Monitoring Evaluation) study, Circadian rhythms, Collaborative Home Infant Monitoring Evaluation study, Congenital heart disease, hypoxic respiratory failure in, 811 Corticosteroids, antenatal, 797 Crying, emergency department visits with, 938, , 943 Cytomegalovirus infections clinical presentation of, 873 D Delivery. See Birth. Developmental delay, in kernicterus, 961 Diabetes mellitus, maternal, neonatal hypoglycemia in, 858, 861 Diaphragm, function of, Diazoxide, for hypoglycemia, 866 Discordant growth, ,

3 INDEX 967 E Echocardiography, in hypoxic respiratory failure, 811 Eclampsia, in multiple gestations, 781 Economic costs, of late preterm births, Emergency department visits, acuity of presentation in, diagnoses in, gestational age and, mode of delivery and, 940 outcomes of, persistent problems after, presenting complaints in, readmissions after, term infants versus late preterm infants, Encephalomalacia, in multiple gestations, 780 Encephalopathy bilirubin. See Kernicterus. of prematurity, 923 Enteral feeding, 833 Enterobacter infections, 873 Enterococcus faecalis infections, 873 Enterococcus faecium infections, 873 Enterococcus infections, treatment of, 878 Epinephrine, for hypoglycemia, 866 Escherichia coli infections epidemiology of, treatment of, 877 Ethnic factors, in late preterm births, 755 Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Neonatal Registry, 804, 807, 822 Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, for hypoxic respiratory failure, 808, F Fatty liver, in multiple gestations, 781 Feeding problems, after discharge, in breast-feeding, in respiratory disease, Fentanyl, for hypoxic respiratory failure, Fern test, Fever, emergency department visits with, 938, , 943 Fluid therapy, for hypoxic respiratory failure, 810 Forceps delivery, 772 Forebrain, development of, Free radicals, in gray matter injury, 927 G GABAergic system, in breathing control, Gentamicin, for infections, 876 Gestational age emergency department visits and, measurement of, , 799 Gilbert s syndrome, 844 Glucagon, for hypoglycemia, 866 Gluconeogenesis, Glucose disturbances in, during transition at birth, for hypoglycemia, 866 low concentrations of. See Hypoglycemia. transport of, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, hyperbilirubinemia and, 845 Glutamate and glutamate receptors, in brain function and injury, , Glycogenolysis, Gray matter development of, injury of, pathophysiology of, , vulnerability to, Growth discordance, in multiple gestations, , Growth retardation, intrauterine, , H Hearing impairment, in kernicterus,

4 968 INDEX HELLP syndrome, in multiple gestations, 781 Hemorrhage, intraventricular, 952 Hering-Breuer inflation inhibition reflex, Herpes virus infections treatment of, Hippocampus, gray matter injury in, Human immunodeficiency virus infection treatment of, Hydrocortisone, for hypoglycemia, 866 Hyperbilirubinemia, 794, breast-feeding and, clinical features of, 839 emergency department visits with, 938, , 943 gender differences in, in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, 845 in large for gestational age, 844 kernicterus in. See Kernicterus. pathobiology of, prevention of, production-conjugation index in, 841 screening for, treatment of, Hypercapnia, breathing control in, Hyperinsulinism, 858 Hyperpnea, apnea alternating with, Hypertension pulmonary, 803, systemic, elective delivery in, in multiple gestations, 781 Hypoglycemia, 794, 833, asymptomatic, brain protection against, 858, 860 causes of, 859 cut-off value for intervention, definition of, in hyperinsulinism, 858 incidence of, 854 interventions for, neurologic injury in, pathophysiology of, severe, 854 signs and symptoms of, 857, transient, 859 unrecognized, Hypothermia, 794 Hypoxia breathing control in, gray matter injury in. See Gray matter, injury of. Hypoxic respiratory failure, delayed respiratory transition in, in cesarean section, severe, treatment of, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in, 808, mechanical ventilation in, supportive, surfactant replacement in, with pulmonary hypertension, I Immune globulin, intravenous, for hyperbilirubinemia, Inborn errors of metabolism, hypoglycemia in, 859 Infections, clinical presentation of, congenital, 871 early onset, 871 epidemiology of, laboratory evaluation of, late onset, 871 preterm premature rupture of membranes in, 767 prevention of, timing of, 871 treatment of, Influenza, 873 Insulin elevated, 858 secretion of, during transition at birth, Intrauterine growth retardation, , Intravenous lipids, Intraventricular hemorrhage, 952 Ischemia, gray matter injury in. See Gray matter, injury of.

5 INDEX 969 J Jaundice. See Hyperbilirubinemia. K Kainate receptors, in brain function and injury, 918 Kernicterus, , clinical sequelae of, hearing impairment in, incidence of, neurodevelopmental outcome of, neuropathology of, L Labor. See also Birth. induction of, , spontaneous preterm, Lactobacillus infections, 872 Large for gestational age infants, hyperbilirubinemia in, 844 Laryngeal reflexes, Late preterm infants breathing control in, cesarean delivery of. See Cesarean delivery. definitions of, 752, , economic costs of, , emergency department visits of, epidemiology of, , 765, , feeding problems in, gestational age of, , 799, gray matter injury in, hyperbilirubinemia in. See Hyperbilirubinemia. hypoglycemia in, 794, 833, hypoxic respiratory failure in, infections in, macrosomia in, morbidity in, 759, 769, , , 797 mortality in, 759, 769, , multiple, 758, , neurodevelopmental outcome of. See Neurologic and neurodevelopmental outcome. societal costs of, Learning disability, in kernicterus, 961 Leukomalacia, periventricular, Lipids, intravenous, Liver, fatty, in multiple gestations, 781 Low birth weight, in multiple gestations, 779 Lumbar puncture, in infections, Lung fluid clearance from, during birth, volume of, control of, M Macrosomia, Magnesium sulfate, for preterm delivery prevention, 785 Mechanical ventilation, for hypoxic respiratory failure, Mechanoreceptors, in breathing control, Mechanoreflexes, in breathing control, Meningitis, 873, Metabolism, breathing control and, N N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors, in brain function and injury, 918 Moderately Premature Infant Project, 831 Monoamniotic twins, 768 morbidity and mortality in, uncomplicated, optimal delivery time for, Monochorionic twins growth retardation and discordance in, 782 management of, 769 morbidity and mortality in, 779 neurologic disorders in, 780 Multiple gestations, 758, late preterm births in, elective, epidemiology of, iatrogenic, in fetal complications, in maternal complications, 781 low birth weight in, 779 morbidity and mortality in,

6 970 INDEX Multiple (continued) neurologic outcome of, prevention of, 768, Myelination, of gray matter, 919 Nafcillin, for infections, 877 Necrosis, neuronal, in gray matter injury, 918 Neonatal Inhaled Nitric Oxide Therapy, Neurologic and neurodevelopmental outcome, , in intraventricular hemorrhage, 952 in kernicterus. See Kernicterus. in multiple gestations, in periventricular leukomalacia, normal development and, school-age, 961 Neurotransmitters, in breathing control, Nitrazine test, for amniotic fluid, Nitric oxide in gray matter injury, 927 inhaled, for pulmonary hypertension, NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors, in brain function and injury, 918, Nosocomial infections. See Infections. Nutritional problems, after discharge, in breast-feeding, in respiratory disease, O Obesity, maternal, , 858 Octreotide, for hypoglycemia, 866 Oxygen, deficiency of. See also Gray matter, injury of; Hypoxic respiratory failure. breathing control in, Oxygen therapy, for hypoxic respiratory failure, 810 P Palivizumab, for viral infections, 880 Parainfluenza virus infections, 873 Parenteral nutrition, Parvovirus B19 infections epidemiology of, 871 Patent ductus arteriosus, hypoxic respiratory failure and, Penicillin G, prophylactic, 878 Peptostreptococcus infections, 872 Periodic breathing, Periventricular leukomalacia, Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy, Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, 803 severe, treatment of, Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, for pulmonary hypertension, 819 Phototherapy, for hyperbilirubinemia, 846 Pilot Kernicterus registry, 841, , 956 Pneumonia, 873 Polymerase chain reaction, in infections, 874 Preeclampsia, elective delivery in, in multiple gestations, 781 Premature rupture of membranes, , Preterm premature rupture of membranes, , Pseudomonas infections, 873 Pulmonary hypertension, 803, Q Quadruplets. See Multiple gestations. R Racial factors, in late preterm births, 755 Reflex(es) laryngeal, mechano-, in breathing control, suck-swallow, 794 Respiratory disorders, 794 after cesarean delivery, feeding problems in, hypoxic. See Hypoxic respiratory failure. respiratory distress syndrome as, 803,

7 INDEX 971 Respiratory function. See also Breathing. in birth transition, Respiratory syncytial virus infections epidemiology of, 873 prevention of, Rotavirus infections, 873 Rubella clinical presentation of, 873 S Saccharomyces infections, 872 Sepsis. See Infections. Septic arthritis, 873 Serotonergic receptor binding, in breathing control, Serratia infections, 873 Seventeen alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate for Twins and Triplets (STTARS), Sighs, 893 Sleep apnea in, 899, arousal from, brainstem neurophysiology and, cardiorespiratory control and, hypercapnia response in, 896 maturation of, monitoring studies of, periodic breathing in, REM, lung volume control in, thermoregulation in, Societal costs, of late preterm births, Sodium channels, in lung fluid clearance, during birth, Spontaneous preterm labor, Staphylococcus aureus infections epidemiology of, 872 treatment of, 878 Stillbirth causes of, 771 rates of, Streptococcus group B infections epidemiology of, 872 prevention of, 878 treatment of, 876 STTARS (Seventeen alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate for Twins and Triplets), Sucking, coordination of, 898 Suck-swallow reflex, impaired, 794 Sudden infant death syndrome, 794, Superoxide dismutase deficiency, gray matter injury in, 927 Surfactant replacement, for hypoxic respiratory failure, Swallowing, coordination of, 898 Synaptogenesis, in cerebral cortex, 920 Syphilis, clinical presentation of, 873 T Thermoregulation, breathing control and, Tocodynamometer, for preterm delivery prevention, 785 Tocolytic agents, for preterm delivery prevention, 785 Toxoplasmosis clinical presentation of, 873 treatment of, Transient tachypnea of the newborn, 803 after cesarean delivery, severe, Treponema pallidum infections. See Syphilis. Triplets. See Multiple gestations. Twin(s). See also Multiple gestations. Twin-twin transfusion syndrome, , U United States Pilot Kernicterus registry, 841, , 956 Urinary tract infections, 873, 876 Uteroplacental insufficiency, in multiple gestations,

8 972 INDEX V Vacuum extractors, complications of, Vancomycin, for infections, 877 Varicella epidemiology of, 873 Vomiting, emergency department visits with, 938, , 943 W White matter, development of, World Health Organization, preterm infants definition of, 752, 766