Year(Semester) At a Glance HST II Clinical Laboratory Science Semester Course

Transcription

1 Year(Semester) At a Glance HST II Clinical Science Semester Course Three Weeks 1 st 3 weeks 2 nd 3 weeks 3 rd 3 weeks 4 th 3 weeks 5 th 3 weeks 6 th 3 weeks Topics/ Concepts Resource: Our Book Safety OSHA Hazards in the Lab Physical Chemical Biological General Lab Rules Exposure Control Plan Lesson 1-5 and 1-6 Blood Collection Venipuncture *Materials and equipment needed *Preparing and Selecting the Site *Performing the venipuncture *Vacuum Tubes and Anticoagulants *Physical disposition *Complications and Special considerations Lesson 2-3 Phlebotomy Handbook Basic Hematology *Composition of Blood *Microhematocrit *Hemoglobin Determination *RBC and WBC Counts Lessons 2-1;2-2;2-4; 2-5;2-7 *Preparing and Staining a Blood Smear *Blood Cell Morphology and Differential Count *Performing the differential count *Erythrocyte morphology Observations *Thrombocyte morphology and estimated count *Erythrocyte Indices Lessons 2-8;2-9; 2-10 Basic Clinical Microbiology *Fields of study *Culture Techniques for Bacteria *Preparing a Bacteriological smear and staining *Throat Culture *Urine Culture *Lab detection of STDs Lessons 7-1 thru 7-7 Forensic Science *Discover the field of forensic science *Physical Evidence *Trace and Transfer Evidence *Hairs and Fibers *Fingerprints *Blood *Bloodstain Pattern Analysis *DNA Fingerprinting *Forensic Toxicology *Forensic Medicine Applied Technologies Forensic Science Module Text: Forensic Science 2 nd Ed. Pages 53-61; Chapter 4; Pages

2 HST II Clinical Science Semester Course 1 st 3 Wks *State meaning and purpose of OSHA *Identify three classifications of laboratory hazards, cite an example of each and ways to prevent or correct each one. *Communicate the meaning of the acronym RACE and when it is utilized *Elaborate on the function of the labs safety equipment *List the four strategies utilized in an infection control plan and describe an example of each C 9(a) 10(a)(b)(c)(d)(e) 15(a)(b)(d)(e) Safety: *The Occupational Safety and Health Administration *Hazards Communication Rule *Hazards in the Clinical Physical Hazards: Equipment, Electricity, Fire, Glassware Chemical Hazards: Caustic Chemicals, Flammables, Toxic, Corrosive, Carcinogenic, Mutagenic Biological Hazards: Bloodborne Pathogens and other potentially infectious materials (opim) *General Rules: Apparel, MSDS, Fire Safety, Lab Safety equipment, Incident Report, Microbiology hazards and extra equipment *Exposure Control Plan: Identifying Employees at Risk, Universal Precautions, Engineering Controls, Work Practice Controls, Personal Protective Equipment Power Point Lessons 1-5 and 1-6 Bloodborne Pathogens Video Lab Diagram of Safety Equipment Fire Escape Routes Check out safety equipment and storage units Identify Team Members Class Discussions Answer review questions of lessons and the bloodborne pathogen video Class work Folder Exams on Safety Information and Lab Safety Equipment

3 HST II Clinical Science 2 nd 3 Wks Justify the steps utilized for both venipuncture methods *Match the assay, anticoagulant, and the order of draw to the seven colored stoppers we discussed. *Explain five complications or special considerations when performing a venipuncture TEKS: C 1 (c)(f)(i) 2 (a)(b)(d) 6 (c)(d 9 (a) 13 (a)(b) Blood Collection: Venipuncture *Materials and equipment for venipuncture Needles, Syringes, Vaccutainer Tubes, Vaccutainer Holders, Tourniquet *Preparing and Selecting the Venipuncture Site: Location of most frequently used veins, Application of tourniquet, Palpation of vein, 70% Isopropyl alcohol *Performing the Venipuncture: Angle of needle insertion, anchoring vein, proper method of holding syringe or vaccutainer holder, collection of blood, caring for the venipuncture site *Vacuum Tubes and Anticoagulants: Vaccutainers: variety of types and sizes, sterile or non-sterile, glass or plastic Anticoagulants: Types and specific tests *Physical disposition: Basal state, Diet, Exercise, Stress, Diurnal rhythm and posture *Complications and Special consideration in blood collection: Fainting, Failure to Draw, Hematomas, Petechiae, Edema, Obesity, IV Therapy, Damaged Sclerosed, or Occluded Veins, Hemoconcentration, Hemolysis, Collapsed Veins, Allerlgies, Thrombosis, Burned or Scarred Areas, Infections Lesson 2-3 Phlebotomy Handbook Pages 53-61, Chapter 4, and Pages The Routine Venipuncture Video Demonstration of equipment and venipuncture procedure Lab Skill: Evacuated and Syringe method on simulated arm Class Discussions Answer review questions for lessons and venipuncture video Preform Skill for evaluation: Syringe and/or Evacuated Method Class Work Folder Written Exam

4 HST II Clinical Science 3 rd and 4 th 3 Wks *Differentiate blood cellular components according to their morphology and explain their role in maintaining homeostasis *Discuss which assays make up a complete blood count and what conditions or disease states may be diagnosed by interpreted results. *Perform capillary puncture to observe, measure, and calculate the following assays; blood smear, red blood count, white blood cell count, differential count, and red blood cell indices. TEKS: C 1 (a)(c)(d)(e)(g)(h)(i) 2 (a)(f) 3 (b)(c) 5 (a)(b) 6 (a)(d) 9 (a) 12 (b) 13 (a)(b)(c)(d) 14 (a) 15 (b)(d) 16 (b) 17 (a)(b)(c) Science TEKS: Biology 2 ABCD Chemistry: 2 BDE Science : Biology 1A 2 ABCD Chemistry 1 Basic Hematology: *Composition of Blood: Plasma and Cellular Elements (Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, Thrombocytes) *Complete Bood count (CBC) *Microhematocrit: Principle of the manual hematocrit test Materials and equipment for procedure Reference Values Factors that influence values (increase or decrease) Obtaining and Preparing the specimen Determining the microhematocrit Value Microhematocrit Lab Report *Hemoglobin Determination: Characteristics of hemoglobin Hemoglobin reference values Principles of Hemoglobin determination (1) Specific Gravity Technique (2) Cyanmethemoglobin Method *RBC and WBC Counts The hemacytometer: features, counting areas, filling the hemacytometer, viewing the ruled areas, counting pattern, and care Unopette Systems: components, diluting fluids Performing RBC Count and WBC Count using the unopette system: Collection of blood, diluting the blood sample, loading the hemacytometer, counting the cells, and calculating the counts and checking references Conditions associated with changes in RBC and WBC counts *Preparing and Staining a Blood Smear Collecting the blood specimen Making the smear Two-Slide Method Staining the smear: Wrights Stain Features of a good blood smear Factors affecting blood smear quality *Blood Cell Morphology and Differential Count: Lesson 2-1 thru Lesson 2-5 Lesson 2-7 thru Lesson 2-10 Demo: Micohematocrit procedure Skill: Perform capillary puncture to measure Hct Demo: Preparation of RBC and WBC dilutions, loading a hema-cytometer, counting and calculating RBC and WBC counts Skill: RBC/WBC counts Demo: Preparation of smears, staining, completing a differential count, RBC morphology and platelet estimation Skill: Perform blood smear, stain, differential count, Complete review questions Lab reports: Microhematocrit Lab Report RBC/WBC count with calculated Indices Lab Report Blood Smear

5 HST II Clinical Science Examining the stained blood smear Cellular features evaluated in identification of erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes Reference values for the differential count Factors affecting the leukocyte percentages, erythrocyte, and thrombocytes Performing the differential count: Counting 100 leukocytes and determining the percentage of the five types Erythrocyte morphology observations which include size, shape, hemoglobin content Thrombocytes morphology and estimated count Blood Smear Lab Report *Erythrocyte Indices: Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) RBC morphology, platelet estimation Class Work folders for each lesson and lab procedure Formative Assessment Witten Exams

6 HST II Clinical Science 5 th 3 Wks Summarize the knowledge and skills necessary for performing the following techniques in microbiology; Basic isolation techniques Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing Media; primary, selection, Indicator Morphology of a colony Gram stain Throat and urine culturing techniques STDs C 1 (c)(h) 3(b)(c) 6(d) 9(a) 13(a) 15(b)(d) 16(b) 17(b) Basic Clinical Microbiology: *List the fields of study included in microbiology Bacteriology: Characteristics of Bacteria: Morphology and staining reactions Identification of bacterial pathogens, opportunistic pathogens, normal flora Specimen collection, isolation, and identification, and antibiotic susceptibility testing of bacteria Parasitology: Detection of common intestinal Preserving and transporting specimens Stool examination for parasites Detecting blood and tissue parasites Virology: Common viruses Diagnostic testing Mycology: Characteristics of Molds and Yeast Common fungi and the diseases they cause *Culture Techniques for Bacteria Aseptic Technique: physical and chemical means of preventing contamination, microbiological safety cabinets Growth media for clinical bacteria: Primary, Selective, Indicator Performing culture techniques Collecting and transporting specimens, media inoculation, observing the culture after twenty-four hours *Preparing a bacteriological smear and performing a gram stain Preparing a smear from a culture and swab Heat-fixing the smear Performing the gram stain *Throat Culture and rapid tests for Group A Streptococcus Collection, inoculation, and interpretation of the throat culture Techniques 4 Ed. Lecture, power points and discussion Lessons 7-1 thru Lesson 7-7 Completion of review questions of each lesson Lab Skills: *Preparation of media *Streaking Technique *Inoculation of primary, selective, indicator media, and antibiotic susceptibility plate *Interpretation of media plates *Preparing a bacterial smear and performing a gram stain interpreting the color reaction *Transmission Lab Class work folders Written exams Formatives Quizzes

7 HST II Clinical Science 6 th 3 Wks Immunoassays *Urine Culture Collection of specimen, streaking pattern, colony count * detection of STDs Extrapolate data using forensic techniques including autopsy (external/internal), blood typing, blood spatter, DNA, toxicology, and fingerprinting to solve a crime. TEKS: C 1 (c)(e)(g)(h)(i) 2 (a) 3 (b)(c) 4 (a) 5 (a) 6 (a)(d) 8 (c)(f) 9 (a) 13 (a) 15 (a)(b)(d) 16 (a)(b) Physic TEK: (c) 4 (b) TAKs: Obj 1 1(a) 2(b) 3(b) Obj 5 4(a) Forensic Science: *Discover the field of forensic science Careers within the forensic field Timeline of forensics: developments in the 1800s and 1900s *Physical Evidence *Trace and Transfer Evidence *Hairs and Fibers *Fingerprints *Blood *Bloodstain Pattern Analysis *DNA *Forensic Toxicology *Forensic Medicine and Pathology Applied Technologies Forensic Science Module Text: Forensic Science 2 Ed. By James and Nordby Labs: *Observe prepared slides of human and animal hairs and fibers *Blood typing/who Dunit Lab *Blood spatter lab *DNA Fingerprinting *Analysis of Powders lab *Fingerprinting lab *Autopsy Lab: Rat dissection observe, draw, and dissection recording findings both external and internal Class work folder Lab assessment forms Quizzes Exam