Prevalence and incidence of rare diseases: Bibilographic data Diseases listed by decreasing prevalence, incidence or number of published cases

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1 2 January 2018 Prevalence and incidence of rare diseases: Bibilographic data s listed by decreasing prevalence, incidence or number of published

2 Methodology Orphanet carries out a systematic survey of literature in order to estimate the prevalence and incidence of rare diseases. This study aims to collect new data regarding point prevalence, birth prevalence and incidence, and to update already published data according to new scientific studies or other available data. This data is presented in the following reports published biannually: Prevalence, incidence or number of published listed by diseases (in alphabetical order) ; s listed by decreasing prevalence, incidence or number of published ; Data collection A number of different sources are used : Registries (RARECARE, EUROCAT, etc) ; National/international health institutes and agencies (Institut National de Veille Sanitaire (French Institute of Health Surveillance); American Center of Control and Prevention, American National Cancer Institute, European Medicines Agency, World Health Organization etc) ; Medline is consulted using the following search algorithm : «names» AND Epidemiology[MeSH:NoExp] OR Incidence[Title/abstract] OR Prevalence[Title/ abstract] OR Epidemiology[Title/abstract]; Medical texts, grey literature and reports from experts ; Orphanet collaborating experts Data characteristics The data published in this document are worldwide estimations, or European estimations if a worldwide estimation is not available. The published data is raw collected data or extrapolations of raw data at worldwide or European level when no genetic founder effect is suspected as a cause of a disease. If a range of national data is available, the average is calculated to estimate the worldwide or European prevalence or incidence. When a range of data sources is available, the most recent data source that meets a certain number of quality criteria is favoured (registries, meta-analyses, population-based studies, large cohorts studies). For congenital diseases, the prevalence is estimated, so that: Prevalence = birth prevalence x (patient life expectancy/general population life expectancy). When only incidence data is documented, the prevalence is estimated when possible, so that : Prevalence = incidence x disease mean duration. When neither prevalence nor incidence data is available, which is the case for very rare diseases, the number of or families documented in the medical literature is provided. Limitations of the study The prevalence and incidence data presented in this report are only estimations and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct. The average values presented in this report do not take into account the heterogeneous nature of the methodologies employed by the studies considered in the literature survey. The validity and exactitude of raw data sources is taken for granted and have not been verified. Thus, confusion between terms such as incidence and prevalence and/or birth prevalence is possible due to the interchangeable use of these terms in certain sources. It is possible that prevalence is overestimated in some as epidemiological studies are generally based on hospital data in regions with higher prevalence. Data presentation Without specification, published figures are worldwide. An asterisk * indicates European data. Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

3 Please note that this is just a selection of Orphanet's rare disease epidemiological data. Currently 5835 rare diseases are annotated with prevalence or incidence information in the Orphanet database. To access the complete data sets visit Orphadata ( List of diseases or groups of diseases by decreasing prevalence Estimated prevalence (/100,000) 870 Down 95.0 BP 3388 Neural tube defect BP* Cleft lip/palate 80.0 BP Tumor of endocrine glands 64.0 * 2014 Cleft palate 53.6 BP* 535 Rare cutaneous lupus erythematosus 50.0 * 8 47,XYY 50.0 BP* 48 Congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens 50.0 * Iniencephaly 50.0 * Pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection 50.0 * Renal agenesis, unilateral 50.0 BP Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck 49.0 * B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia 48.0 * 2185 Congenital hydrocephalus 46.5 BP* Necrotizing enterocolitis Preeclampsia 45.0 * Asherman 44.0 * Renal dysplasia 43.5 BP* 3375 Trisomy X 42.5 * 801 Scleroderma Renal cell carcinoma 42.0 * Non-immune hydrops fetalis 42.0 BP Eosinophilic esophagitis Familial long QT 40.0 BP* 294 Fetal cytomegalovirus 40.0 * Genetic peripheral neuropathy Cardiogenic shock 40.0 * Romano-Ward 40.0 * Hepatitis delta 40.0 * 3189 Congenital pulmonary valve stenosis 39.3 BP* 442 Congenital hypothyroidism 38.0 BP* Uveitis 38.0 * Estimated prevalence (/100,000) Moderate and severe traumatic brain injury 37.8 * q11.2 deletion 37.5 BP Primary congenital hypothyroidism 37.5 * Acute sensorineural hearing loss by acute acoustic trauma or sudden * deafness or surgery induced acoustic trauma Non-papillary transitional cell carcinoma 37.0 * of the bladder 340 Hemorrhagic fever-renal 37.0 * Solar urticaria 36.0 * 1457 Aorta coarctation 35.6 BP* 2764 Osteochondritis dissecans 35.0 * 1048 Isolated anencephaly/exencephaly 35.0 BP* Radiation proctitis 35.0 * Uremic pruritus 35.0 * 3303 Tetralogy of Fallot 34.0 BP 636 Neurofibromatosis BP Permanent congenital hypothyroidism 33.3 BP* 858 Congenital toxoplasmosis 33.0 BP* Placental insufficiency Fragile X Vernal keratoconjunctivitis 32.0 * Sepsis in premature infants 32.0 * Spinal cord injury 32.0 * Transposition of the great arteries 31.7 BP* 2140 Congenital diaphragmatic hernia 30.0 BP 3394 Soft tissue sarcoma 30.0 * 563 Peripartum cardiomyopathy 30.0 BP 1330 Partial atrioventricular canal 30.0 * 729 Polycythemia vera 30.0 * Ovarian cancer 30.0 * Wild ATTR amyloidosis 30.0 * Idiopathic hypersomnia 30.0 * Primary systemic amyloidosis 30.0 * 467 Non-acquired combined pituitary hormone 29.0 BP* 545 Follicular lymphoma 28.0 * Central retinal vein occlusion 28.0 * 1656 Dermatitis herpetiformis 27.0 * 791 Retinitis pigmentosa Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease 26.2 * 703 Bullous pemphigoid 26.0 * Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 25.5 * Cytomegalovirus disease in patients with impaired cell mediated immunity 25.5 * deemed at risk 166 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 25.0 * Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

4 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) 3002 Immune thrombocytopenic purpura 25.0 * 701 Alopecia universalis 25.0 * 145 Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer 25.0 * 2073 Narcolepsy-cataplexy 25.0 * Thyroid hemiagenesis Syndactyly BP* Neovascular glaucoma 24.4 * 1199 Esophageal atresia 24.3 BP* 1531 Craniosynostosis 24.3 BP* 860 Congenitally uncorrected transposition of the great arteries BP* 2248 Hypoplastic left heart 24.0 BP Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma 24.0 * 2368 Gastroschisis 23.7 BP* 2137 Autoimmune hepatitis Multicystic dysplastic kidney BP Unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney 23.2 BP Anal fistula 23.0 * 232 Sickle cell anemia 22.0 * Scarring in glaucoma filtration surgical procedures 22.0 * Pouchitis 22.0 * Pulmonary fungal infections in patients deemed at risk 22.0 * 636 Neurofibromatosis * Congenital hypothyroidism due to developmental anomaly 21.3 * 186 Primary biliary cholangitis Partial chromosome Y deletion Oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis 20.5 * 60 Alpha-1-antitrypsin 20.0 * 70 Proximal spinal muscular atrophy 20.0 BP* 1329 Complete atrioventricular canal 20.0 BP* 557 Isolated anorectal malformation 20.0 BP 130 Brugada 20.0 * Congenital sucrase-isomaltase 20.0 * 1330 Partial atrioventricular canal 20.0 BP* 247 Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy Infant acute respiratory distress 20.0 * Acute liver failure 20.0 * AIDS wasting 20.0 * Proximal 16p11.2 microdeletion 20.0 * Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 20.0 * Pigmented villonodular synovitis 20.0 * 3389 Tuberculosis 20.0 * 823 Isolated spina bifida 18.6 BP* Estimated prevalence (/100,000) Isolated Biliary atresia 18.5 BP 704 Pemphigus vulgaris 18.0 * Non-infectious posterior uveitis 18.0 * Adenovirus infection in immunocompromised patients 18.0 * 154 Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy 17.5 * Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Trisomy BP Primary lymphedema 16.7 * 461 Recessive X-linked ichthyosis 16.6 * 1201 Atresia of small intestine 16.0 BP* Buerger disease Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 16.0 * Primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 16.0 * Acute peripheral arterial occlusion 16.0 * Stromal keratitis 16.0 * Microtia 15.5 BP Systemic sclerosis 15.4 * Duchenne muscular dystrophy 15.1 BP* 558 Marfan Lennox-Gastaut 15.0 * 2828 Young-onset Parkinson disease 15.0 * Familial cerebral cavernous malformation Atopic keratoconjunctivitis 15.0 * Mucopolysaccharidosis 4A 15.0 * Dentinogenesis imperfecta * Dentinogenesis imperfecta 14.5 * Thyroid ectopia 14.3 * 214 Cystinuria Chronic primary adrenal insufficiency 14.0 * Idiopathic intracranial hypertension 14.0 * Non-immunoglobulin-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 14.0 * 2162 Holoprosencephaly 13.4 BP* 3193 Supravalvular aortic stenosis 13.3 * Gastrointestinal stromal tumor 13.0 * Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 13.0 * Pleural empyema 13.0 * Mucolipidosis III alpha/beta Thyroid carcinoma Triploidy 12.6 BP* 273 Steinert myotonic dystrophy Sarcoidosis Ehlers-Danlos, hypermobility 12.5 * 903 Von Willebrand disease 12.5 Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

5 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) 2415 Rare lymphatic malformation 12.5 * Addison disease 12.5 * 828 Stickler 12.2 BP 42 Medium chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase 12.0 BP* Chronic pain requiring intraspinal analgesia 12.0 * 415 Hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemiahomocitrullinuria 12.0 * 805 Tuberous sclerosis complex 12.0 * CD4+/CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm 12.0 * Multiple myeloma 11.9 * 660 Omphalocele 11.7 BP* 1866 Focal, segmental or multifocal dystonia 11.7 * 2032 Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 11.5 * Hemophilia A BP Small cell lung cancer 11.2 * 635 Neuroblastoma 11.0 * 3109 Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser 11.0 BP 513 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia 11.0 * 890 Hepatic veno-occlusive disease 11.0 * AL amyloidosis 11.0 * 388 Hirschsprung disease 10.9 BP* 904 Williams 10.8 BP 700 Alopecia totalis 10.5 * 778 Rett 10.0 * 580 Mucopolysaccharidosis * 827 Stargardt disease 10.0 * 1146 Digitotalar dysmorphism Linear nevus sebaceus 10.0 BP* 716 Phenylketonuria 10.0 BP* 805 Tuberous sclerosis complex 10.0 BP* 666 Osteogenesis imperfecta 10.0 * 654 Nephroblastoma 10.0 BP* 569 Familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine 10.0 * 233 Duane retraction 10.0 * 3157 Septo-optic dysplasia spectrum 10.0 BP* 412 Hyperlipoproteinemia Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia 10.0 * Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans 10.0 * Recurrent acute pancreatitis 10.0 * Hepatocellular carcinoma 10.0 * Acquired aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage 10.0 * Partial deep dermal and full thickness burns 10.0 * Polymalformative genetic with increased risk of developing cancer 10.0 * Estimated prevalence (/100,000) Glial tumor 10.0 * 1114 Aplasia cutis congenita 10.0 BP 2177 Hydranencephaly 10.0 BP Carcinoma of esophagus Bone sarcoma 9.29 * Gardner 9.1 BP 2443 Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation 9.0 * disorder due to nuclear DNA anomalies 900 Granulomatosis with polyangiitis 9.0 * 1203 Duodenal atresia 9.0 * 1203 Duodenal atresia 9.0 BP* Mastocytosis 9.0 * Congenital total pulmonary venous return anomaly 9.0 BP Complication after organ transplantation 9.0 * Choanal atresia 8.6 BP* Apnea of prematurity 8.5 * 3280 Syringomyelia 8.4 * Anophthalmia-microphthalmia 8.3 BP* 2444 Congenital pulmonary airway malformation 8.2 BP* 171 Primary sclerosing cholangitis Idiopathic achalasia West 8.0 * 194 Ocular coloboma 8.0 BP* CREST 8.0 * Rheumatoid factor-negative juvenile idiopathic arthritis 8.0 * 5 Long chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase 8.0 * Cytomegalic congenital adrenal hypoplasia 8.0 BP Congenital non-syndromic heart malformation 7.8 BP* 589 Myasthenia gravis Hemophilia 7.7 * Sporadic adult-onset ataxia of unknown 7.6 * etiology 72 Angelman Laryngotracheoesophageal cleft 7.5 BP* 1464 Univentricular heart 7.5 BP Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase, salt wasting form 7.5 * Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase, salt wasting form 7.5 BP* 586 Cystic fibrosis 7.4 * 821 Sotos 7.1 BP 732 Polymyositis 7.1 * Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

6 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) 705 Pendred 7.0 * 1332 Medullary thyroid carcinoma 7.0 * Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase 7.0 BP Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase 7.0 * Recurrent hepatitis C virus induced liver disease in liver transplant recipients 7.0 * Primary progressive aphasia p13.11 microdeletion 7.0 BP 2059 Fryns 7.0 BP* Marginal zone lymphoma 7.0 * 42 Medium chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase Congenital adrenal hyperplasia 6.7 BP* 3366 Isolated trigonocephaly 6.7 BP* SUNCT 6.7 * Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia 6.7 * Myotonic dystrophy Iminoglycinuria 6.68 * Iminoglycinuria 6.67 BP* Cat-scratch disease 6.6 * 138 CHARGE 6.5 BP Vasculitis 6.3 * 887 VACTERL/VATER association 6.25 BP* q21.31 microdeletion 6.25 * 733 Familial adenomatous polyposis 6.0 * 790 Retinoblastoma 6.0 BP 418 Congenital adrenal hyperplasia 6.0 * 221 Dermatomyositis 6.0 * 683 Progressive supranuclear palsy Chronic myeloid leukemia 6.0 * 609 Tibial muscular dystrophy 6.0 * Cerebral arteriovenous malformation 6.0 * Benign schwannoma 6.0 * 524 Li-Fraumeni Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection 6.0 * 55 Oculocutaneous albinism Cushing Neuroblastoma 5.8 BP* 1037 Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 5.7 BP* Enthesitis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis 5.7 * 881 Turner 5.5 BP* 963 Acromegaly Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia Split hand-split foot malformation 5.4 BP* Estimated prevalence (/100,000) 2542 Isolated anophthalmia-microphthalmia 5.3 BP* 738 Porphyria Hereditary spastic paraplegia Rett 5.0 BP* 792 X-linked retinoschisis Hereditary fructose intolerance 5.0 * 718 Isolated Pierre Robin 5.0 BP* 287 Ehlers-Danlos, classic Primary ciliary dyskinesia 5.0 BP* 43 X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy 5.0 BP 251 Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia 5.0 * 766 Hemolytic anemia due to red cell pyruvate kinase 5.0 * Ehlers-Danlos * Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis 5.0 * Calciphylaxis 5.0 * Sanfilippo C 5.0 * Hemophilia A Tritanopia 4.8 * Duchenne muscular dystrophy Congenital heart block 4.54 BP 269 Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy 4.5 * Wild ABeta2M amyloidosis 4.5 * X-linked hypophosphatemia 4.45 BP 104 Leber hereditary optic neuropathy Neurogenic arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 4.3 BP* 3384 Truncus arteriosus 4.3 BP 2116 Hartnup disease Tricuspid atresia 4.2 BP* Rheumatoid factor-positive polyarticular 4.2 * juvenile idiopathic arthritis Psoriasis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis 4.2 * Neurotrophic keratopathy 4.2 * 2130 Hemimelia 4.15 * Off-periods in Parkinson disease not responding to oral treatment 4.15 * Posterior urethral valve BP* 15 Achondroplasia 4.0 BP 564 Meckel 4.0 BP 819 Smith-Magenis Tetrasomy 12p 4.0 BP* 1928 Congenital lobar emphysema 4.0 BP 3193 Supravalvular aortic stenosis 4.0 BP* MALT lymphoma 4.0 * Cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma 4.0 * Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

7 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) Koolen-De Vries 4.0 * Cushing disease 4.0 * Familial thyroid dyshormonogenesis 4.0 * Porphyria cutanea tarda 4.0 * Spastic paraplegia * Central diabetes insipidus 4.0 * 730 Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease 3.96 * p inverted duplication/deletion 3.9 BP* 803 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Acute interstitial pneumonia 3.8 * Indolent systemic mastocytosis 3.8 * 2467 Systemic mastocytosis Kallmann 3.75 * 3378 Trisomy BP* 3451 West 3.7 BP 2932 Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy 3.7 * 3465 Worster-Drought 3.7 * 818 Smith-Lemli-Opitz 3.7 BP* Enlarged parietal foramina Congenital glaucoma 3.6 BP* 640 Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies 3.5 * 116 Beckwith-Wiedemann 3.5 BP* 1880 Ebstein malformation 3.5 BP* 2655 Thanatophoric dysplasia 3.5 BP* 3205 Sturge-Weber 3.5 BP* 2103 Guillain-Barré 3.5 * 81 Antisynthetase Multiple system atrophy Mantle cell lymphoma 3.5 * Athyreosis 3.5 * Thyroid hypoplasia Rare carcinoma of pancreas Short bowel 3.4 * 218 Darier disease 3.4 * Muenke 3.33 BP 652 Multiple endocrine neoplasia * 905 Wilson disease Hypochondroplasia 3.3 * 1172 Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia Autosomal dominant optic atrophy Hypoplastic right heart 3.3 BP* Pulmonary arterial hypertension 3.3 * 750 Pseudoachondroplasia Acatalasemia 3.2 * 158 Systemic primary carnitine 3.2 BP* Estimated prevalence (/100,000) Gastric neuroendocrine tumor 3.2 * 739 Prader-Willi 3.1 BP* 2322 Kabuki 3.1 * Pleural mesothelioma 3.1 * Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy 3.1 * Bladder exstrophy 3.05 BP 673 Malaria 3.0 * 794 Saethre-Chotzen 3.0 BP* 136 CADASIL 3.0 * 282 Frontotemporal dementia 3.0 * 767 Polyarteritis nodosa 3.0 * 2745 Opitz G/BBB 3.0 * Graft versus host disease 3.0 * Bacterial toxic-shock Primary myelofibrosis 3.0 * Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension 3.0 * Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries 3.0 BP Ileal pouch anal anastomosis related faecal incontinence 3.0 * Limbal stem cell 3.0 * Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma 3.0 * Isolated plagiocephaly 3.0 BP Methotrexate toxicity or dose selection 3.0 * Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 3.0 * 374 Goldenhar 2.9 BP* 653 Multiple endocrine neoplasia * 506 Leigh 2.8 BP* Severe hemophilia A 2.8 * 626 Large congenital melanocytic nevus 2.75 * 399 Huntington disease Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia Achromatopsia methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase 2.65 BP* Oculocutaneous albinism Gitelman 2.5 * 1034 Amniotic bands 2.5 BP* 1872 Cone rod dystrophy 2.5 * ,XX ovotesticular disorder of sex development 2.5 BP 2337 Non-epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma 2.5 * 65 Leber congenital amaurosis 2.5 BP 758 Pseudoxanthoma elasticum 2.5 * 94 Astrocytoma 2.5 * Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

8 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) ,XX testicular disorder of sex development Dravet 2.5 BP Familial isolated restrictive cardiomyopathy 2.5 * Peripheral resistance to thyroid hormones 2.5 * Progressive non-fluent aphasia 2.5 * Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase, simple 2.5 * virilizing form 65 Leber congenital amaurosis Oculocutaneous albinism Monosomy 18q 2.5 BP Meconium aspiration 2.44 * Epispadias 2.4 BP* Multiple system atrophy, parkinsonian 2.4 * Citrullinemia I 2.4 * 908 Fragile X 2.4 BP* 263 Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy Lead poisoning 2.3 * 905 Wilson disease 2.2 BP 2869 Peutz-Jeghers 2.2 BP 304 Epidermolysis bullosa simplex 2.2 BP* Legius 2.2 BP Becker muscular dystrophy 2.2 BP* Isolated tracheo-esophageal fistula 2.2 BP 217 Isolated Dandy-Walker malformation 2.1 * Cholangiocarcinoma Friedreich ataxia 2.0 * 480 Kearns-Sayre 2.0 * 607 Nemaline myopathy 2.0 BP* 280 Wolf-Hirschhorn 2.0 BP* 126 Blepharophimosis-epicanthus inversusptosis Treacher-Collins 2.0 BP* 352 Galactosemia 2.0 BP* 3346 Tracheal agenesis 2.0 BP* 63 Alport 2.0 * 3129 Sarcosinemia 2.0 BP 180 Choroideremia 2.0 * 1699 Trisomy 12p 2.0 BP 2017 Sternal cleft 2.0 BP* 185 Scimitar 2.0 BP* 2345 Isolated Klippel-Feil 2.0 * Craniopharyngioma 2.0 * Fibular hemimelia 2.0 * Anaplastic large cell lymphoma 2.0 * Estimated prevalence (/100,000) fluorouracil poisoning 2.0 * Paroxysmal hemicrania 2.0 * Childhood disintegrative disorder 2.0 * 657 Congenital isolated hyperinsulinism 2.0 BP Posterior urethral valve 2.0 * Lysosomal acid lipase 2.0 * 150 Nasopharyngeal carcinoma 2.0 * 506 Leigh 2.0 * Ring chromosome 2.0 BP Hepatitis B reinfection following liver transplantation 2.0 * 3392 Tularemia 2.0 * 1598 Monosomy 18p 2.0 BP* 447 Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria 2.0 * 199 Cornelia de Lange 1.9 * 10 48,XXYY 1.9 BP* Inherited epidermolysis bullosa 1.9 BP* Malignant sex cord stromal tumor of ovary 1.85 * 304 Epidermolysis bullosa simplex Annular pancreas 1.8 BP* 664 Ornithine transcarbamylase 1.77 BP 77 Aniridia Glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase, late-onset 1.75 BP p23.1 duplication Hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius 1.7 BP 2182 Hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius Neurofibromatosis * 2152 Mowat-Wilson 1.7 BP* 1848 Renal agenesis, bilateral 1.7 BP* Hemophilia B 1.7 * Epignathus 1.68 BP 394 Classic homocystinuria 1.65 * 899 Walker-Warburg 1.65 BP* Severe combined immuno 1.65 BP* 1915 Fetal alcohol 1.6 BP* X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 1.6 * Biotinidase 1.6 * Biotinidase 1.6 BP Becker muscular dystrophy Coffin-Lowry Budd-Chiari 1.5 * 2019 Femur-fibula-ulna complex 1.5 BP* 2911 Poland 1.5 BP* 389 Langerhans cell histiocytosis 1.5 * 137 Congenital disorder of glycosylation 1.5 BP* Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

9 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) Primary lateral sclerosis 1.5 * 641 Multifocal motor neuropathy Neuromyelitis optica 1.5 * Incessant infant ventricular tachycardia 1.5 BP* Idiopathic neonatal atrial flutter 1.5 BP* Hereditary angioedema 1.5 * Spinocerebellar ataxia Spinocerebellar ataxia Spinocerebellar ataxia Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma 1.5 * Hypereosinophilic 1.5 * 183 Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis Cystinosis 1.5 * 512 Metachromatic leukodystrophy 1.47 BP* 664 Ornithine transcarbamylase 1.4 * 474 Jeune 1.4 BP* Sanfilippo A 1.4 BP 195 Cat-eye 1.35 BP* 3287 Takayasu arteritis 1.34 * 72 Angelman 1.3 BP* 199 Cornelia de Lange 1.3 BP* 355 Gaucher disease 1.3 BP Oculocutaneous albinism 1B Oculocutaneous albinism 1A Syndromic X-linked ichthyosis 1.3 * 1880 Ebstein malformation 1.25 * 2481 Neurocutaneous melanocytosis 1.25 * 628 Diastrophic dwarfism 1.2 * 464 Incontinentia pigmenti 1.2 BP* 2750 Orofaciodigital BP* Superficial pemphigus 1.2 * 731 Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease 1.17 * Nevus of Ito 1.17 * 475 Joubert BP 1896 EEC 1.11 BP* 289 Ellis Van Creveld 1.1 BP 224 Neonatal diabetes mellitus 1.1 BP* Joubert and related disorders 1.1 BP Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension 1.1 * 377 Gorlin Krabbe disease 1.0 * 614 Thomsen and Becker disease Blue cone monochromatism Blue cone monochromatism 1.0 BP 681 Hypokalemic periodic paralysis 1.0 * 53 Albers-Schönberg osteopetrosis 1.0 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) 205 Crigler-Najjar 1.0 * 370 Glycogen storage disease due to phosphorylase kinase 1.0 BP* 217 Isolated Dandy-Walker malformation 1.0 BP* 23 Argininosuccinic aciduria 1.0 * 33 Isovaleric acidemia 1.0 * 2308 Jacobsen 1.0 BP* 606 Proximal myotonic myopathy 1.0 * 355 Gaucher disease 1.0 * 364 Glycogen storage disease due to glucose- 1.0 BP 6-phosphatase 646 Niemann-Pick disease C 1.0 * 2134 Atypical hemolytic-uremic 1.0 * 267 Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2A 1.0 * 1552 Currarino triad 1.0 * 189 Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia 1.0 * 254 Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia 1.0 BP* 2578 Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser BP* 296 Enchondromatosis 1.0 * 647 Nijmegen breakage 1.0 BP 2924 Isolated polycystic liver disease 1.0 * 422 Idiopathic and/or familial pulmonary arterial hypertension 1.0 * 3403 Uhl anomaly 1.0 BP 3449 Weill-Marchesani Medulloblastoma 1.0 * 360 Glioblastoma Ehlers-Danlos, kyphoscoliotic 1.0 BP 286 Ehlers-Danlos, vascular 1.0 * 531 Miller-Dieker 1.0 BP* 396 Chronic hiccup 1.0 * 5 Long chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase 1.0 BP* 25 Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase 1.0 BP 177 Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata 1.0 * Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2I 1.0 * Acanthamoeba keratitis 1.0 * Cobblestone lissencephaly 1.0 BP* Oculocutaneous albinism Glycogen storage disease due to glucose- 1.0 BP* 6-phosphatase Ia Gaucher disease * Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage 1.0 * X-linked Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 1.0 Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

10 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) X-linked Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 1.0 BP ,XXXY 1.0 BP* Congenital hypothyroidism due to transplacental passage of maternal TSHbinding inhibitory antibodies 1.0 * Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita 1.0 BP* Localized Castleman disease Dentin dysplasia I 1.0 * Febrile infection-related epilepsy 1.0 * Malignant tumor of fallopian tubes 1.0 * Glycogen storage disease due to liver phosphorylase kinase 1.0 BP* 141 Canavan disease 1.0 BP 577 Mucolipidosis III 1.0 BP* 157 Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II 1.0 * Partial acquired lipodystrophy 1.0 * 746 Mitochondrial trifunctional protein 1.0 * Familial partial lipodystrophy 1.0 * Acquired generalized lipodystrophy 1.0 * 321 Multiple osteochondromas 1.0 * Familial chylomicronemia 1.0 * Waldenström macroglobulinemia 1.0 * Mal de Meleda Cocaine intoxication 1.0 * Severe combined immuno due 1.0 * to complete RAG1/ Sirenomelia 0.98 BP Autosomal erythropoietic protoporphyria 0.92 * 207 Crouzon disease 0.9 BP* 882 Tyrosinemia BP Lewis-Sumner 0.9 * Ehlers-Danlos 0.9 BP* 581 Mucopolysaccharidosis BP* 576 Mucolipidosis II 0.84 BP* Complete androgen insensitivity Mucopolysaccharidosis BP 365 Glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase 0.8 BP* 52 Alagille 0.8 BP* 2346 Angioosteohypertrophic 0.8 BP* 1461 Criss-cross heart 0.8 BP* Inherited epidermolysis bullosa 0.8 * Severe hemophilia B 0.8 * 3312 Thalidomide embryopathy 0.77 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) 213 Cystinosis 0.75 BP 181 X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia 0.75 BP* 354 GM1 gangliosidosis 0.75 BP* 667 Autosomal recessive malignant osteopetrosis 0.75 BP* 1501 Adrenocortical carcinoma 0.75 * Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11-beta-hydroxylase 0.75 BP* Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase 0.75 BP* 487 Krabbe disease 0.7 BP 783 Rubinstein-Taybi 0.7 BP* 813 Silver-Russell 0.7 BP* 392 Holt-Oram 0.7 BP* 726 Alpers-Huttenlocher 0.7 BP* 110 Bardet-Biedl 0.7 * 303 Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa Hurler 0.7 BP* 250 Frontonasal dysplasia 0.7 BP* 580 Mucopolysaccharidosis BP 796 Sandhoff disease 0.67 BP* 124 Blackfan-Diamond anemia 0.67 BP* 511 Maple syrup urine disease 0.67 BP 2591 Infantile myofibromatosis 0.67 BP* 3282 Multifocal atrial tachycardia 0.67 BP 1335 Pentalogy of Cantrell 0.67 BP Ectopia cordis 0.67 BP Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 0.65 * 84 Fanconi anemia 0.62 BP* Congenital absence of upper arm and forearm with hand present 0.62 BP 994 Fetal akinesia deformation sequence 0.6 BP* 2345 Isolated Klippel-Feil 0.6 BP* Disorder of bile acid synthesis 0.6 * Sympathetic ophthalmia 0.6 * Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia Progressive supranuclear palsycorticobasal 0.6 * Juvenile Huntington disease 0.6 * Moderately severe hemophilia B 0.6 * Mild hemophilia B 0.6 * 550 MELAS 0.6 * 54 X-linked recessive ocular albinism 0.58 BP* Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease 0.57 * 562 McCune-Albright 0.55 * 313 Lamellar ichthyosis 0.55 * ,XXXXY 0.55 BP* Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

11 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) Acute intermittent porphyria 0.54 * Cloacal exstrophy 0.54 BP 682 Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis 0.5 * 915 Aarskog-Scott 0.5 BP* 255 Dopa-responsive dystonia Thrombocytopenia-absent radius 0.5 BP* 611 Inclusion body myositis 0.5 * 634 Netherton 0.5 BP* 634 Netherton 0.5 * 902 Werner 0.5 * 528 Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy 0.5 * 110 Bardet-Biedl 0.5 BP* 3427 Double outlet left ventricle 0.5 BP 811 Shwachman-Diamond 0.5 BP 747 Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis Axenfeld-Rieger 0.5 * Combined of factor V and factor VIII 0.5 * 122 Birt-Hogg-Dubé 0.5 * Pleuropulmonary blastoma 0.5 BP* Holocarboxylase synthetase 0.5 BP* Congenital tufting enteropathy 0.5 BP* Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 0.5 * Hurler 0.5 * 201 Cowden 0.5 * 100 Ataxia-telangiectasia 0.49 * Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11-beta-hydroxylase 0.47 * 379 Chronic granulomatous disease 0.46 BP 23 Argininosuccinic aciduria 0.46 BP 676 Hereditary chronic pancreatitis 0.43 * 2869 Peutz-Jeghers 0.4 * 1452 Cleidocranial dysplasia 0.4 BP* 1215 Autosomal dominant optic atrophy plus 0.4 * 2315 Johanson-Blizzard 0.4 BP* 3008 Pyruvate carboxylase 0.4 BP* 256 Early-onset generalized limb-onset dystonia 0.4 * 503 Autosomal dominant Larsen 0.4 BP* Severe congenital neutropenia 0.4 BP* 88 Idiopathic aplastic anemia 0.4 * Niemann-Pick disease B 0.4 * Mucopolysaccharidosis 2, severe form 0.4 BP* Osteogenesis imperfecta BP* Estimated prevalence (/100,000) 631 Non-acquired isolated growth hormone Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus 0.38 BP* 3440 Waardenburg 0.37 BP* 290 Congenital rubella 0.35 BP* 179 Birdshot chorioretinopathy Lambert-Eaton myasthenic Lesch-Nyhan 0.34 BP* 96 Ataxia with vitamin E 0.33 * 565 Menkes disease 0.33 BP* 327 Congenital factor VII 0.33 * 140 Campomelic dysplasia 0.33 BP* Aggressive systemic mastocytosis 0.33 * Porphyria variegata 0.32 * Sanfilippo A 0.32 * 147 Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 0.3 * 394 Classic homocystinuria 0.3 BP 628 Diastrophic dwarfism 0.3 BP* 258 Congenital muscular dystrophy 1A 0.3 * 84 Fanconi anemia Mucopolysaccharidosis * 1300 Autosomal dominant popliteal pterygium Mirror polydactyly-vertebral segmentation-limbs defects 0.3 * 633 Laron 0.3 * 2299 Aortic arch interruption 0.3 BP* 277 Severe combined immuno due 0.3 BP* to adenosine deaminase 590 Congenital myasthenic 0.3 * 219 Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2F 0.3 * Human prion disease 0.3 * Congenital non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma 0.3 * Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Anthracycline extravasation 0.3 * Isolated agammaglobulinemia MYH9-related disease 0.3 * Popliteal pterygium 0.3 * Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus 0.3 BP* 845 Tay-Sachs disease 0.28 BP 811 Shwachman-Diamond Mucopolysaccharidosis * 702 Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease 0.25 * 678 Papillon-Lefèvre 0.25 Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

12 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata 0.25 BP* Niemann-Pick disease A 0.25 BP* Dense deposit disease Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with connective tissue disease 0.25 * 910 Xeroderma pigmentosum 0.23 BP* 324 Fabry disease 0.22 BP* 47 X-linked agammaglobulinemia Barth 0.22 * 436 Hypophosphatasia 0.21 BP* X-linked hypophosphatemia 0.21 * 534 Oculocerebrorenal of Lowe WAGR 0.2 BP 385 Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 0.2 * 235 Dubowitz 0.2 BP* 191 Cockayne 0.2 BP* 3006 Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy 0.2 BP* 2052 Fraser 0.2 BP* 277 Severe combined immuno due 0.2 * to adenosine deaminase 35 Propionic acidemia 0.2 * 722 Hypoplasminogenemia 0.2 * 353 Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2C 0.2 * Sanfilippo B 0.2 * Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immuno 0.2 BP* Letterer-Siwe disease 0.2 * Hyperphenylalaninemia Infant botulism 0.2 BP* Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma 0.2 * 596 X-linked centronuclear myopathy 0.2 * Pyridoxal phosphate-responsive seizures 0.2 * 1361 Carnosinemia 0.2 BP 2635 Metatropic dysplasia 0.2 BP* 808 Seckel 0.2 BP* 2614 Nail-patella 0.2 BP* 1456 Atypical coarctation of aorta 0.17 BP* 407 Glycine encephalopathy 0.17 * Junctional epidermolysis bullosa, Herlitz 0.17 BP Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, classic form 0.17 * 583 Mucopolysaccharidosis BP* 583 Mucopolysaccharidosis * 85 Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia 0.16 BP* 745 Severe hereditary thrombophilia due to congenital protein C 0.16 BP Estimated prevalence (/100,000) 335 Congenital fibrinogen 0.15 * 538 Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 0.15 * Hermansky-Pudlak Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration 0.15 * 118 Beta-mannosidosis 0.14 BP* 763 Pycnodysostosis Wolfram Agammaglobulinemia 0.13 * Trichothiodystrophy 0.12 BP* 1308 C 0.11 * Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease 0.11 * 61 Alpha-mannosidosis 0.1 * 367 Glycogen storage disease due to glycogen branching enzyme 0.1 BP 512 Metachromatic leukodystrophy 0.1 * 906 Wiskott-Aldrich 0.1 * 205 Crigler-Najjar 0.1 BP* 773 Refsum disease 0.1 * 1452 Cleidocranial dysplasia Dyskeratosis congenita 0.1 * 204 Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease 0.1 * 1959 Evans 0.1 * 326 Congenital factor V 0.1 * 507 Leishmaniasis 0.1 * 3329 Tibial aplasia-ectrodactyly 0.1 * 329 Congenital factor XI 0.1 * 2686 Cyclic neutropenia 0.1 * 298 Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy 0.1 * 225 Maternally-inherited diabetes and deafness 0.1 * 209 Cutis laxa 0.1 BP* Colchicine poisoning 0.1 * 119 Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2E 0.1 * 142 Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma 0.1 * Acquired hemophilia 0.1 * Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17-alpha-hydroxylase 0.1 * Crouzon -acanthosis nigricans 0.1 BP Tibial hemimelia 0.1 BP* Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia 0.1 * Paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia Leukocyte adhesion I 0.1 * Inhalational anthrax 0.1 * Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

13 Estimated prevalence (/100,000) Autosomal dominant adult-onset proximal spinal muscular atrophy 0.1 * Mitochondrial membrane proteinassociated neurodegeneration Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 associated periodic 0.1 * 2485 Melorheostosis 0.09 * Aceruloplasminemia Cushing due to macronodular 0.08 * adrenal hyperplasia Heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension 0.08 * 726 Alpers-Huttenlocher 0.07 * Severe congenital neutropenia Neonatal acute respiratory distress due to SP-B BP 337 Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva X-linked lymphoproliferative disease 0.05 * 2788 Osteoporosis-pseudoglioma 0.05 * 325 Congenital factor II 0.05 * 331 Congenital factor XIII 0.05 * Gaucher disease * Sialidosis 0.05 BP* Leber plus disease 0.04 * Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease 0.04 * Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn * Congenital muscular dystrophy with integrin alpha * Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, connatal form 0.03 * Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, transitional form 0.03 * Anotia BP* 740 Hutchinson-Gilford progeria BP 227 Diphallia 0.02 BP 584 Mucopolysaccharidosis * 3169 Sirenomelia Gaucher disease * Klippel-Trénaunay * 740 Hutchinson-Gilford progeria Poliomyelitis in patients with immunodeficiencies deemed at risk 8.0E-4 * Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

14 List of diseases or groups of diseases by decreasing incidence Estimated incidence (/100,000) Dengue fever Tuberculosis Malaria Perineural cyst 50.0* 558 Marfan 25.0* 507 Leishmaniasis Acute lung injury 25.0* Lyme disease Rare epithelial tumor of stomach 18.6* B-cell non-hodgkin lymphoma 17.45* Uveitis 17.0* 813 Silver-Russell 15.5* 461 Recessive X-linked ichthyosis 15.0* 418 Congenital adrenal hyperplasia 13.35* Complication in hemodialysis 13.0* Carcinoma of gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 11.6* 1546 Cryptococcosis 11.0* 435 Ito hypomelanosis 10.85* Lemierre 10.0* 2209 Maternal phenylketonuria 10.0* Malignant epithelial tumor of ovary 9.39* 3467 Hereditary xanthinuria 9.05* Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck Renal cell carcinoma 8.35* 1941 Juvenile absence epilepsy 7.5* Carcinoma of esophagus Immune thrombocytopenic purpura 6.75* 448 Hemophilia 6.25* Multiple myeloma Adenocarcinoma of ovary 5.97* Interstitial lung disease 5.4* Glial tumor 5.35* 146 Differentiated thyroid carcinoma Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma 5.2* Squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus Rheumatic fever 5.0* 1306 Buschke-Ollendorff Astrocytoma 4.8* 3394 Soft tissue sarcoma 4.74* 1489 Whooping cough 4.37* Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri 4.28* Estimated incidence (/100,000) Cholangiocarcinoma Rare carcinoma of pancreas Juvenile polyposis 3.85* 2032 Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 3.81* Tumor of endocrine glands 3.75* 548 Leprosy Rare adenocarcinoma of the breast 3.55* Infant acute respiratory distress 3.5* Thyroid tumor Tumor of testis and paratestis 3.15* Thyroid carcinoma Hepatocellular carcinoma 3.09* Myeloproliferative neoplasm 3.07* 186 Primary biliary cholangitis Glioblastoma Mosaic trisomy 8 3.0* Typhoid 3.0* Complete androgen insensitivity 3.0* 154 Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy 2.91* 544 Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 2.79* 513 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia 2.75* Pleomorphic salivary gland adenoma Familial thyroid dyshormonogenesis 2.67 Adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract 2.62* 70 Proximal spinal muscular atrophy 2.6* 877 Neuroendocrine tumor 2.53* 2038 Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation Acute myeloid leukemia Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis Hodgkin lymphoma 2.4* 391 Classic Hodgkin lymphoma 2.38* 707 Plague 2.2* 545 Follicular lymphoma 2.12* 352 Galactosemia 2.1* Classic galactosemia 2.1* Autoimmune hemolytic anemia 2.02* 1866 Focal, segmental or multifocal dystonia 2.0* Clear cell renal carcinoma 1.99* 1549 Cryptosporidiosis 1.96* 729 Polycythemia vera 1.9* Pleural mesothelioma 1.9* 102 Multiple system atrophy Testicular seminomatous germ cell tumor 1.71* 355 Gaucher disease 1.7* Acute transverse myelitis Shigellosis 1.59* 92 Juvenile idiopathic arthritis 1.5* Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

15 Estimated incidence (/100,000) 35 Propionic acidemia Familial melanoma 1.5* Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer 1.5* Myelodysplastic 1.5* 2103 Guillain-Barré Scleroderma Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Isolated aniridia 1.31* 77 Aniridia 1.3* Classic Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis * 635 Neuroblastoma Chronic myeloid leukemia 1.25* Proximal spinal muscular atrophy * Non-seminomatous germ cell tumor of testis 1.21* 2137 Autoimmune hepatitis 1.2 Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma Proximal spinal muscular atrophy 3 1.1* Malignant tumor of penis 1.075* Non-functioning pituitary adenoma Adenocarcinoma of the cervix uteri 1.01* 848 Beta-thalassemia Pfeiffer 1.0* 727 Microscopic polyangiitis 1.0* 3148 Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor Cystic echinococcosis 1.0* 2781 Osteopetrosis and related disorders 1.0* Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Primary myelofibrosis 1.0* Liposarcoma 1.0* Craniopharyngioma Hyperplastic polyposis Solitary rectal ulcer 1.0* T-cell non-hodgkin lymphoma 0.99* 549 Legionellosis 0.97* 2023 Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma 0.9* 2467 Systemic mastocytosis 0.9* 900 Granulomatosis with polyangiitis 0.85* Mucinous adenocarcinoma of ovary 0.85* Waldenström macroglobulinemia 0.81* Endometrioid carcinoma of ovary 0.81* Bone sarcoma 0.8* 930 Idiopathic achalasia Primary cutaneous lymphoma 0.75* Pyoderma gangrenosum Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal 0.73* Malignant epithelial tumor of the salivary glands 0.73* Estimated incidence (/100,000) Progressive non-fluent aphasia 0.7* Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus Progressive supranuclear palsy Primary sclerosing cholangitis Japanese encephalitis 0.65* 340 Hemorrhagic fever-renal 0.65* Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis 0.6* Porphyria cutanea tarda 0.6* 780 Rhabdomyosarcoma 0.59* Mycosis fungoides and variants 0.59* 732 Polymyositis 0.585* Squamous cell carcinoma of penis 0.57* Adenocarcinoma of the small instestine 0.57* 221 Dermatomyositis 0.55* ACTH-dependent Cushing Myasthenia gravis 0.53 Chronic myeloproliferative disease, unclassifiable 0.53* Well-differentiated liposarcoma 0.51* Paget disease of the nipple 0.51* 191 Cockayne 0.5* 2584 Classic mycosis fungoides 0.5* 980 Absence of the pulmonary artery 0.5* Uveal melanoma 0.5* Unclassified acute myeloid leukemia 0.49* 3318 Essential thrombocythemia 0.48* Malignant non-epithelial tumor of ovary 0.43* Classic Hodgkin lymphoma, mixed cellularity * 820 Sneddon 0.4* T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia 0.4* Chronic primary adrenal insufficiency 0.4* 399 Huntington disease St. Louis encephalitis 0.38* Stevens-Johnson 0.36* 963 Acromegaly Relapsing polychondritis Oligodendroglial tumor 0.35* IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis 0.35* Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis 0.35* Kaposi sarcoma 0.34* 533 Listeriosis Anisakiasis Proximal spinal muscular atrophy * Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary 0.32* 1930 Herpes simplex encephalitis 0.3 Hereditary pheochromocytomaparaganglioma Desmoid tumor 0.3* Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January

16 Estimated incidence (/100,000) MALT lymphoma 0.3* Infant botulism 0.3* Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis Marginal zone lymphoma 0.3* Juvenile dermatomyositis Classic hairy cell leukemia 0.29* Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease 0.29* Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia 0.29* Cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma Dedifferentiated liposarcoma 0.27* Proximal spinal muscular atrophy * Malignant melanoma of the mucosa 0.26* Adenocarcinoma of the anal canal 0.26* Insulinoma Idiopathic acute transverse myelitis 0.25* Classic neuroendocrine tumor of appendix Oligodendroglioma 0.25* Chondrosarcoma 0.24* 668 Osteosarcoma 0.23* 1332 Medullary thyroid carcinoma 0.22* Embryonal tumor of neuroepithelial tissue 0.22* Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor 0.21* Adenocarcinoma of the liver and intrahepatic * biliary tract 301 Ependymal tumor 0.2* Cushing disease 0.2* Ependymoma 0.2* Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma Toxic epidermal necrolysis Q fever 0.19* Primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell 541 lymphoproliferative disease 0.18* 183 Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis 0.18* 543 Burkitt lymphoma 0.17* 3398 Thymic epithelial neoplasm 0.17* 142 Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma 0.17* Undifferentiated carcinoma of stomach 0.17* 517 Acute myelomonocytic leukemia 0.17* 284 Alveolar echinococcosis 0.16* Low grade ependymoma 0.16* 204 Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Meningioma 0.15* 553 Cushing 0.15* Human prion disease 0.15* Pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma 0.15* Non-immunoglobulin-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 0.15* Refractory anemia with excess blasts 0.15* 654 Nephroblastoma 0.14* Estimated incidence (/100,000) Thymoma 0.14* Papillary renal cell carcinoma 0.14* 319 Ewing sarcoma 0.13* 514 Acute monoblastic leukemia 0.13* Malignant sex cord stromal tumor of ovary 0.13* Rare urogenital tumor 0.13* Squamous cell carcinoma of stomach 0.13* Extragonadal germ cell tumor 0.13* 913 Zollinger-Ellison Optic pathway glioma 0.12 Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma Tularemia 0.12* Squamous cell carcinoma of the corpus uteri 0.12* Maligant granulosa cell tumor of the ovary 0.12* Malignant mixed Müllerian tumor of the ovary 0.12* 509 Leptospirosis 0.11* 616 Medulloblastoma 0.11* 520 Acute promyelocytic leukemia 0.11* Oligoastrocytic tumor 0.11* Acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic anomaly 0.11* 112 Bartter 0.1* 2314 Autosomal dominant hyper-ige 0.1* 2382 Lennox-Gastaut 0.1* Cardiodysrhythmic potassium-sensitive periodic paralysis 0.1* Pseudomyxoma peritonei Caroli disease Myxoid/round cell liposarcoma 0.1* Miller-Fisher 0.1* Foodborne botulism 0.1* Wound botulism 0.1* Classic Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte-rich * Anaplastic oligodendroglioma 0.09* Acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia 0.09* 3287 Takayasu arteritis 0.084* 375 Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease 0.08* Malignant germ cell tumor of ovary 0.08* Acquired hemophilia Brucellosis 0.07* Squamous cell carcinoma of rectum 0.07* Undifferentiated carcinoma of esophagus 0.07* Central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor 0.07* Malignant teratoma of ovary 0.07* Congenital erythropoietic porphyria 0.065* Orphanet Report Series - Prevalence of rare diseases: Bibliographic data - January