Warm-Up. Read the story of Kody on pages in your textbook. 1. What makes someone join a group such as a gang or peer group?

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1 Warm-Up Read the story of Kody on pages in your textbook. 1. What makes someone join a group such as a gang or peer group? 2. Why do people feel the need to join groups within society?

2 Objectives Describe the essential features of a group. Identify the five types of societies that have developed in the course of human history. Identify the four technological innovations responsible for the social transformation of society. Agenda 1. Warm-Up 2. Chapter 6 Notes (pgs ) 3. Societies Group Work 4. What Type of Society Worksheet 5. Closing Questions

3 This chapter studies the social groups of society and the transformation of those social groups within society. Group dynamics are studied.

4 SOCIETIES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION Groups = People who interact with one another Society People who share a culture and a territory. Sets stage for our life experiences Lays basic framework for our behavior Influences the way we think and feel

5 SOCIEITES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION Hunting and Gathering Societies A human group that depends on hunting and gathering for its survival Egalitarian society

6 SOCIEITES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION Pastoral and Horticultural Societies (8000 bc) Pastoral Pasturing of animals Horticultural - Gardening society Led to division of labor Led to social inequality

SOCIEITES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION Agricultural Societies (4000 3000 bc) Based on large

7 SOCIEITES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION Agricultural Societies ( bc) Based on large scale agriculture Led to rise of developed cities Period referred to as the dawn of civilization

SOCIEITES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION Industrialized Societies (1765 1990) Based on

8 SOCIEITES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION Industrialized Societies ( ) Based on harnessing machines powered by fuel Led to greater equality Led to rise of the middle class

9 SOCIEITES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION Post - Industrialized Societies (1990- current) Based on information, services and high technology. Led to rise in service industries Led to rise in globalization

10 SOCIEITES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION Biotech Societies (Emerging) Centers around the application of genetics. Recent developments in biotech societies will profoundly affect people s thinking and behavior.

11 SOCIEITES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION Sociological Impacts Our society sets boundary around our lives The type of society we live in is the fundamental reason of who we become, who we are, how we feel and the way we think our thoughts. All of the world s societies have gone through and are continuing to go through transformations which continually affects our behavior.

12 Closing Questions 1. Which type of society would you be most happy living in? Explain. 2. Do you think all societies had to start as hunting and gathering and then evolve into industrialized societies? Why or why not?

13 Warm-Up 1. Make a list of all the groups you belong to. 2. Rank your list from the most emotionally satisfying to the least emotionally satisfying. 3. Why do you feel most emotionally attached to your top ranked group?

14 Objectives Distinguish between aggregate, category, and groups. Describe the social characteristics, relationships and function that are associated with the various types of groups. Agenda 1. Warm-Up 2. Chapter 6 Notes (pgs ) 3. Networks Activity 4. Reading: Page 159 Facebooking 5. Create a Facebook Profile 6. Closing Questions

15 GROUPS WITHIN SOCIETY Emile Durkheim wanted to prevent anomie sense of not fitting in. Durkheim s answer small groups Found that small groups give us a sense of meaning andpurpose

16 GROUPS WITHIN SOCIETY Confusing Terms. Aggregate- consists of individuals who currently share a the same physical space. Category people who have the same characteristics Groups - People who interact with one another and think of themselves as belonging together.

17 GROUPS WITHIN SOCIETY PRIMARY GROUPS Primary Group -Intimate, long term face to face association and cooperation Developed by Charles Cooley Primary groups give us an identity, feelingof who we are Primary Groups are springs of life Essential to our emotional well being Values and attitudes are fused into our life It is impossible for us to be separated from our primary groups, for the self and our groups merge into a we

18 GROUPS WITHIN SOCIETY SECONDARY GROUPS Secondary Group Compared with a primary group, a target, relatively temporary group, more anonymous, formal, and impersonal group based on some interest or activity. Secondary group members are less likely to act on the basis of specific statuses Secondary groups often fail to satisfy our need for intimate association Secondary groups tend to break down into primary groups We form cliques to help us deal with our secondary groups These cliques form as a buffer between us and the demands of the secondary group

19 GROUPS WITHIN SOCIETY IN GROUPS AND OUT GROUPS In Groups Groups we fell loyalty towards We view traits of our I groups as virtues Out Groups Groups we feel antagonism towards We view traits of our out groups as vices

20 GROUPS WITHIN SOCIETY REFERENCE GROUPS Reference Groups Groups we use to evaluate ourselves We view traits of our I groups as virtues Out Groups Groups we feel antagonism towards We view traits of our out groups as vices

21 GROUPS WITHIN SOCIETY SOCIAL NETWORKS Social Networks The social ties radiating outward from the self that link people together. (Read Down To Earth Sociology- Henslin pg. 159) Stanley Milgram Performed 1967 studied that asked the question How many people would it take to link two individuals between strangers. Conclusion On average, it takes six jumps to link the average personin the Untied States with someone else, (Six degrees of separation) Judith Kleinfield replicated Milgram s study two times and disproved his theory Read Studies (Henslin )

22 Create a Facebook Profile In pairs, you will create an authentic Facebook profile for a made-up person. The profile should include: 1. Name & Photo 2. Biography Information 3. Group Memberships Label in groups, out groups, reference groups, etc 4. Description of their social status/role in society 5. Any other pertinent information you would like to add Be colorful and use the entire 8 ½ x 11 piece of paper. You will present these to the class. **All information must be school appropriate**

23 Closing Questions 1. Share Facebook Profiles

24 Warm-Up 1. What is the difference between a primary group and a secondary group? 2. What is the purpose of reference groups? 3. What is the small-world phenomenon?

25 Objectives Investigate and explain how people behave in groups. Describe characteristics of groups and how survival plays a key role in group dynamics. Agenda 1. Warm-Up 2. Chapter 6 Vocab Quiz 3. Chapter 6 Notes (pgs ) 4. Group Activity- Lost on the Moon 5. Survival Activity Nuclear War 6. Closing Questions

26 GROUP DYNAMICS Group Dynamics Refers to how groups influence us and how we affect groups. Small Groups A group small enough for everyone to interact directly with all other members.

27 GROUP DYNAMICS EFFECTS OF GROUP SIZE - GEORGE SIMMEL Dyad Smallest possible group, consisting of two people. (marriages, love affairs, close friendships etc.) Most intimate of all groups Most unstable from of groups

28 GROUP DYNAMICS EFFECTS OF GROUP SIZE - GEORGE SIMMEL Triad Group of three people Addition of third person changes the group Interaction between two decreases can create strain Triads are inherently stronger and greater stability than dyads Can form into coalitions Often produces an arbitrator or mediator

29 GROUP DYNAMICS EFFECTS OF GROUP SIZE - GEORGE SIMMEL General Principle of groups As small groups grow larger, it becomes more stable, but its intimacy and intensity decreases. As small groups grow larger, they develop a more formal structure to accomplish their goals. Structure provides framework which allows the group to survive over time. Group size affects our influence and behavior, the larger the group.

30 Closing Questions 1. What was the most difficult part about working in your groups today? 2. Which task was most difficult to accomplish as a group? Why?

31 Warm-Up 1. What characteristics make a good leader? 2. What characteristics make a bad leader? 3. Brainstorm a list of three great leaders in history. Why are they considered great?

32 Objectives Identify the term group dynamics and describe how groups are affected by leadership. Identify and compare various types of leadership. Agenda 1. Warm-Up 2. Chapter 6 Notes (pgs ) 3. Group Dynamics Worksheet 4. Famous Leaders in History 5. Simpson Clip & Questions 6. Closing Questions

33 LEADERSHIP - People who influence the behaviors, opinions or attitudes of others. Who Becomes a Leader? Characteristics of a Good Leader Represent a strong value or conviction for a group Able to lead, especially out of a crisis Express self determination and confidence Tend to be more talkative Tend to be taller and attractive

34 LEADERSHIP - Types of Leaders Instrumental Keeps the group moving towards its goals Expressive Leadership Individual who increases harmony and minimizes conflict in a group

35 LEADERSHIP - Leadership Styles Ways of expressing yourself Authoritarian Leaders One who gives orders Democratic Leaders Tries to gain a consensus Laissez Faire Leaders One who is highly permissive A good leader needs to incorporate all three styles of leadership, dependent on the situation at hand

36 Closing Questions 1. Do you consider yourself a leader or follower? Explain your choice. 2. Do you think society could function without leadership? Why or why not? 3. Do you think groups of people can provide effective leadership or should leadership rest in the hands of one person? Explain.

37 Warm-Up 1. What do you think are the biggest problems that face a decision-making group? 2. What are some possible solutions to helping the decision-making group be more successful?

38 Objectives Discuss the methodology and findings of the Asch and Milgram experiments as they relate to peer pressure, authority, and obedience. Define the term groupthink and assess its impact on group dynamics. Agenda 1. Warm-Up 2. Chapter 6 Notes (pgs ) 3. Connect the Dots/How Many Squares 4. Asch & Milgram Experiments 5. Groupthink Activity 6. Chapter 6 Review Worksheet 7. Closing Questions

39 Groupthink Groupthink A narrowing of thought by a group of people leading to the perception that there is only one correct answer, in which to even suggest alternatives becomes a sign of disloyalty Examples: p. 169 Columbia Space Shuttle FDR Bay of Pigs Invasion

40 Closing Questions 1. What is groupthink? 2. What are some ways that groups can overcome groupthink? 3. Can a group make effective decisions if groupthink is present? Why or why not?

Life Groups Research

Life Groups Research Group: People who have something in common and who believe that what they have in common is significant; also called a social group Group Dynamics: The ways in which individuals affect