PSYB10: Social Psychology Prof. Elizabeth Page-Gould September 11th, 2009: Lecture 1

Transcription

1 PSYB10: Social Psychology Prof. Elizabeth Page-Gould September 11th, 2009: Lecture 1 Lecture 1 Social Psychology: Overview Course Logistics History of Social Psychology Research Methods Lecture 1 Social Psychology Social Psychology: Overview Course Logistics History of Social Psychology Research Methods Uses scientific methods to understand and explain how the thought, feeling and behaviour of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of other human beings. Gordon Allport, 1985

2 Social Psychology Social Psychology Uses scientific methods to understand and explain how the thought, feeling and behaviour of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of [others]. Gordon Allport, 1985 Uses scientific methods to understand and explain how the thought, feeling and behaviour of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of [others]. Gordon Allport, 1985 Affect ABCs of Social Psychology Emotions, feelings, and mood Behaviour Verbal and nonverbal action Cognition Thought, sensation, perception, processing, and memory Social Psychology Uses scientific methods to understand and explain how the thought, feeling and behaviour of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of [others]. Gordon Allport, 1985

3 Social Psychology Uses scientific methods to understand and explain how the thought, feeling and behaviour of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of other human beings. Gordon Allport, 1985

4 Lecture 1 Course Logistics Social Psychology: Overview Course Logistics History of Social Psychology Research Methods Who We Are Topics We Will Cover Textbook Exams and Extra Credit Course Resources & How to Get Help How to Do Well Who We Are Who We Are Professor Elizabeth Page-Gould elizabeth.page-gould@utsc.utoronto.ca Office Hours: Wed :30 Office: SY 169 More: Michelle Hilscher hilscher@utsc.utoronto.ca Alexa Tullett alexa.tullett@utoronto.ca

5 Topics We Will Cover Topics We Will Cover Social Cognition Social Cognition The Self Perceiving, understanding, and predicting others Topics We Will Cover Topics We Will Cover Social Cognition Interacting with others Social Cognition Attitudes and Persuasion

6 Topics We Will Cover Topics We Will Cover Group Processes Conformity & Dissent Group Processes Social Roles and Norms Topics We Will Cover Topics We Will Cover Interpersonal Processes Emotions Interpersonal Processes Attraction and Close Relationships

7 Topics We Will Cover Topics We Will Cover Culture & Identity Social Power and Hierarchy Topics We Will Cover Topics We Will Cover Intergroup Relations Aggression

8 Topics We Will Cover Topics We Will Cover Prosocial Behaviour Helping Stress and Health Altruism Textbook Textbook Aronson, E., Wilson, T. D., Akert, R. M., & Fehr, B. (2007). Social Psychology, 4th Canadian Edition. Toronto, ON: Pearson Canada. YOU MAY NOT USE ANY OTHER EDITION OF THE TEXTBOOK Economical Alternatives: Purchase an electronic version for 35% of the sale price (see syllabus) 8 copies are on course reserves at UTSC Library

9 iclicker Exams and Marking iclicker is made for Social Psych Large lecture class: iclicker allows for participation Class size allows for generalization 3 Exams: 2 Midterms and Final All are non-cumulative Midterms (30% each): Midterm 1: Lec. 1-7 Midterm 2: Lec Final (40%): Lec Exams and Marking Exams and Marking Study resources posted! 1 week prior: Topic-based review sheet Practise questions Final Marks.3 * (Midterm 1 Mark).3 * (Midterm 2 Mark) + (.4 * (Final Exam Mark)) Final Course Mark

10 Exams and Marking Extra Credit Final Marks.3 * (Midterm 1 Mark).3 * (Midterm 2 Mark) + (.4 * (Final Exam Mark)) Final Course Mark + [0-2] EC Optional Extra Credit worth 0-2% Assignment: Analyse Battle of the Blades weekly October 4th - November 16th Extra Credit Extra Credit Watch premiere on 10/4 Submit Elimination Slate through blackboard by October 10th Each week for next 7 weeks: Submit 1-2! analysis through gmail with your Student ID as the subject: psyb10extracredit@gmail.com Analysis worth credit: I was surprised that Anderson pulled it off. I had slated his pair to lose this round. However, he got the most camera time, so the viewers saw him more than anyone else. From the mere exposure effect, we know that face time alone increases liking

11 Extra Credit Course Resources Analysis not worth credit: OMG! I don t know what Marie- France was thinking with that costume! Big Bird, anyone? LOL! Course Website Optional Weekly Q&A Reviews Us! How to get help How to do well Course Website Content: Announcements Syllabus & Exam Info WebOption Lectures Frequently Asked Questions ( FAQ )

12 Course Website Weekly Q&A Reviews RSS Feeds for: *Announcements *Frequently Asked Questions Social Psych-related videos and articles * Highly recommended Concept: Your TAs are Social Psych Experts They can help if you are struggling Format: Question & Answer ONLY Material from previous two lectures Weekly Q&A Reviews How To Get Help Location: AC 332 Time: Wednesdays, 1-2 pm COMPLETELY OPTIONAL

13 How To Do Well How To Do Well Before lecture: Print out lecture slides Complete reading During lecture: Take notes on slide printouts Be engaged and ask questions! After Class: Review notes each week If a question comes up, follow the How To Get Help Decision Chart How To Do Well How To Do Well Before Exam: (Re)view all lectures Download review sheet Write a paragraph on each topic Generate an example of each topic Try the practise questions Monitor your progress after each midterm: Are you doing as well as you would like? = Yes: Yay! = No: Ask one of us for help

14 Accessibility Everyone is welcome in this class AccessAbility Office SW302 If you are willing to be a notetaker, please me! H1N1 If you feel flu-like symptoms DON T COME TO CLASS There is no real need to do so If I feel flu-like symptoms I may have to cancel class Please check your or course website after 8 am on day of lecture Lecture 1 History of Social Psych Social Psychology: Overview Course Logistics History of Social Psychology Research Methods Aristotle, Machiavelli, Darwin Theory: Wundt & James Triplett (1898): Social Facilitation Kurt Lewin World War II Cultural Events

15 History of Social Psych Theoretical History Aristotle, Machiavelli, Darwin Theory: Wundt & James Triplett (1898): Social Facilitation Kurt Lewin World War II Cultural Events Late 1800s: Subfield of Philosophy William James Wundt: Experimental Psychology William James Quote Triplett (1898) The community stagnates without the impulse of the individual. The impulse dies away without the sympathy of the community." Social Facilitation Performance affected by presence of others

16 Kurt Lewin World War II Father of Social Psychology Research interests Perception and cognition Dyadic Interactionism Government interest in Social Psychology Persuasion and Propaganda Key Social Psychologists funded to study effective War Bond Ads

17 World War II Post-war: How did Nazi Germany happen? Milgram s Obedience to Authority Cultural Events Cultural Events Murder of Kitty Genovese March 13th, 1964 At least 39 witnesses No one intervened or even called the police Darley s & Latané s Bystander Apathy research Jonestown Mass Suicide November 18th, people poisoned themselves (or were poisoned by their parents)

18 Lecture 1 Methods in Social Psych Social Psychology: Overview Course Logistics History of Social Psychology Research Methods Social Psychological Toolkit Research and Statistical Methods Social Psychological Toolkit Self-Report/Surveys Self-report/surveys Reaction time tasks Priming Nonverbal/verbal behaviour Neuroscience and Psychophysiology Obtained by: Pencil-and-paper Computer survey Interview

19 Reaction Time Tasks Priming Obtained by: Computers Stop watches Video/Audio Presented: Subliminally Explicit Priming Nonverbal/Verbal Behaviour Neuroscience Obtained by: Obtained by: Video cameras Audio recording Close observation Functional MRI (fmri) Brain-damaged patients Electroencephalogram (EEG)

20 Psychophysiology Research and Statistical Methods Obtained by: Spot & band electrodes Temperature sensors Plethysmographs Saliva Scientific Method Variable types Empirical Design: Correlational Quasi-experimental Experimental Scientific Method Variable Types Hypothetico-deductive Method 1. Examine past knowledge/research 2. Form a theory 3. Form an operationalised hypothesis 4. Test hypothesis 5. Revise theory Dependent Variable = DV Outcome Independent Variable = IV Predictor Only implies causation when it is manipulated

21 Correlational Designs Correlational Designs Key Features: 2 DVs No experimental manipulation Random sampling Correlational Designs Quasi-Experimental Designs Statistical Analysis: Correlation, regression, or Bayesian Proper Interpretation: Covariance and prediction No causality Key Features: A defined predictor and outcome IV is not manipulated Known groups IV Stratified random sampling Comparison/Control Group

22 Quasi-Experimental Designs Theory of Mind: 2 Age Groups (3 & 5) Quasi-Experimental Designs Statistical Analysis Correlation, regression, ANOVA, or Bayesian Proper Interpretation Covariance and Prediction Discuss differences, but no causality Experimental Designs Experimental Designs Key Features: Manipulated IV(s) Random assignment to condition Comparison/Control group MDMA

23 Experimental Designs Lecture 1 Statistical Analysis: Regression, ANOVA, and Bayesian Proper Interpretation: IV causes DV Social Psychology: Overview Course Logistics History of Social Psychology Research Methods Yay for Social Psychology! Next Lecture (9/16): Social Cognition Relevant Websites: