Lap 4 Essential Question:

Transcription

1 Psychology Mr. Huber Lap 4: Personality Theories Lap 4 Essential Question: Can you accurately characterize your personality? How will your personality impact your future? Late Assignments from Lap 3 Are all due by. Failure to turn in late or missing work by the appropriate day will result in a zero for that particular assignment no exceptions. Overview: Personality researchers have proposed that there are five basic dimensions of personality. Today, many contemporary personality psychologists believe that there are five basic dimensions of personality, often referred to as the "Big 5" personality traits. Previous trait theorist had suggested a various number of possible traits, including Gordon Allport's list of 4,000 personality traits, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors and Hans Eysenck's three-factor theory. However, many researchers felt that Cattell's theory was too complex and Eysenck's was too limited in scope. As a result, the five-factor theory emerged to describe the basic traits that serve as the building blocks of personality. Today, many researchers believe that they are five core personality traits. Evidence of this theory has been growing over the past 50 years, beginning with the research of D. W. Fiske (1949) and later expanded upon by other researchers including Norman (1967), Smith (1967), Goldberg (1981), and McCrae & Costa (1987). The "big five" are broad categories of personality traits. While there is a significant body of literature supporting this five-factor model of personality, researchers don't always agree on the exact labels for each dimension. However, these five categories are usually described as follows: 1. Extraversion: This trait includes characteristics such as excitability, sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness and high amounts of emotional expressiveness. 2. Agreeableness: This personality dimension includes attributes such as trust, altruism, kindness, affection, and other pro-social behaviors. 3. Conscientiousness: Common features of this dimension include high levels of thoughtfulness, with good impulse control and goal-directed behaviors. Those high in conscientiousness tend to be organized and mindful of details. 4. Neuroticism: Individuals high in this trait tend to experience emotional instability, anxiety, moodiness, irritability, and sadness.

2 5. Openness: This trait features characteristics such as imagination and insight, and those high in this trait also tend to have a broad range of interests. It is important to note that each of the five personality factors represents a range between two extremes. For example, extraversion represents a continuum between extreme extraversion and extreme introversion. In the real world, most people lie somewhere in between the two polar ends of each dimension. Rationale: Always remember that behavior involves an interaction between a person's underlying personality and situational variables. The situation that a person finds himself or herself in plays a major role in how the person reacts. However, in most cases, people offer responses that are consistent with their underlying personality traits. These dimensions represent broad areas of personality. Research has demonstrated that these groupings of characteristics tend to occur together in many people. For example, individuals who are sociable tend to be talkative. However, these traits do not always occur together. Personality is a complex and varied and each person may display behaviors across several of these dimensions. Through the study of personality theories, you will become acquainted with groups of ideas which challenge each other and which emphasize different aspects of the human personality. Each theory provides a building block for the foundation of increased self-awareness. The ideas of Freud, Jung, Skinner, Rogers, and others will challenge to think about you- why do you behave the way you behave; how will you behave in the future; do you have control over your life? Learning Goals: 1. Review different personality measurement tools and decide if they match who you are 2. Discuss the Freudian Id, Ego, and Superego 3. Examine the psychoanalytic theories of Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, and Karen Horney 4. Examine the humanistic theories of Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow Enrichment: Tough Love? Is it real? We have all heard the expression, tough love before but have you ever really thought about it? In a two page paper discuss the following questions: What is your definition of tough love? Do you believe in this approach? How do you think Maslow and other humanists might view tough love? What, if any, alternatives might they suggest? Which approach do you think works best in curbing potentially destructive behavior? There is no need to print out a copy of your analysis. Please share the presentation with me via Google.

3 Summative Assessment Lap 4 Essential Question: Can you accurately characterize your personality? How will your personality impact your future? Lap 4 s summative assessment will follow similar assessments we have had in the past. You will be asked to specifically answer certain questions, give your view on a topic with supported evidence, and thoroughly explain terms and how they relate to the overall learning goals of the specific Lap. Will be tied directly into your final exam. We will take a practice test on Day 9 () Alternative Summative Assessment Lap 4 Essential Question: Can you accurately characterize your personality? How will your personality impact your future? Presentation on Theorists (100 points) in Open Lab Students will be in groups of two (or one), not a group of three so don t ask. Each group will choose a theorist/theory to research. The group will present the individual theory in an open lab. The presentation must include o Major points of the theory and how it influences personality o Minimum of 5 minutes in length Presentation Format: Slide 1 Title Introduction Your name; Theory or theorist chosen Slide 2 Title Why? Explain why you chose the theory or theorist you did Slide 3 Title Background Explain the background information of the theory or theorist Slide 4 Title Explanation On this slide you will discuss what your theory or theorist did for the study of personality and/or psychology Slide 5 Title Explanation Continue discussion of slide 4 information Slide 6 Title Agree/Disagree Here is where you decide if you agree or disagree with the theory or theorist. Explain why you do agree or do not agree as well. Slide 7 Title I learned Tell me something specifically that you learned by researching this theory or theorist Slide 8 Title Personality Tell me about your personality in relation to this theory, so use what you have learned about your theory or theorist and apply it yourself Slide 9 Title Conclusion Tie everything together on this slide This alternative summative assessment will take the place of your lowest test grades throughout the semester. You do not have to do this if you are comfortable with your test scores. Due on: B Day

4 Rules for presenting DO NOT READ DIRECTLY OFF THE SLIDE OR NOTE CARD! Significant points will be deducted from your presentation. Have no more than five bullet points on each slide. Each bullet point should be about 5 10 words. Make your background and text color legible. It isn t a good idea to have a dark colored background and also dark text. I would recommend 28pt. font. Watch your time. Each presentation should be about five minutes. Everyone must speak. Maintain eye contact with the audience. Maintain an appropriate volume. Student will be assessed on: Standard presentation skills for oral presentations Accuracy of information Format of presentation Completeness of presentation Typed MLA work cited page See rubric MLA Citations You must use two additional resources besides your textbook. All citations must be done using MLA formatting. Failure to do so will be a 20% deduction on your overall presentation. You must turn in a hard copy of your citations the day you present no exceptions whatsoever. Open Lab Requirements If you chose the Alternative Summative Assessment you will need to come in at least one time between Day 1 and Day 6 of this Lap to check in with me regarding your presentation. If you do not chose this assessment option you will not have to come into an open lab. Before This will not take more than 5 10 minutes so you can go somewhere else to work on other things if needed.

5 Calendar of Events Day 1 2. What we are doing today Go over Lap. Discuss summative and alternative summative assessment. J Day 11/17 3. Assignment for next time Read chapter 14: section 1, Purposes of Personality Theories. Be prepared for a reading comprehension quiz on Day 2. Day 2 We will have a quiz today over chapter 14, section 1, Purposes of Personality Theories. 2. What we are doing today Discussion of section 1. Quiz over section 1. Today we will work in small groups and take turns recalling some early memories. We will jot these memories down, and discuss the following question: Do these early memories relate to your present personality? 3. Assignments for next time Read chapter 14: section 2, Psychoanalytic Theories. Be prepared for a reading comprehension quiz on Day 3. Day 3 We will have a quiz today over chapter 14, section 2, Psychoanalytic Theories. 2. What we are doing today Discussion of section 2. Quiz over section 2. Watch clips of the Cat and the Hat video and compare it to the Id, Ego, and Superego. Discussion over what part of a personality id, ego, or superego, do you think is the most important? A Day 11/19 B Day 11/20 3. Assignment for next time Read chapter 14, section 3, Learning Theories. Be prepared for a reading comprehension quiz on Day 4. Day 4 We will have a quiz today over Chapter 14, section 3, Learning Theories. 2. What we are doing today Discussion of section 3. Quiz over section 3. Role playing activity using B.F. Skinner s contingencies of reinforcement. Students will get into small groups and they will create a role-play situation in which one or more participants uses various methods of reinforcement to mold the behavior of another person. For example; which you cannot use, a teacher may use reinforcement to alter classroom behavior. Students will also then discuss how their play aligned with Bandura s theory of social learning. D Day 11/24 3. Assignment for next time Read chapter 14, section 4, Humanistic and Cognitive Theories. Be prepared for a reading comprehension quiz on Day 5.

6 Day 5 We will have a quiz over chapter 14, section 4, Humanistic and Cognitive Theories. 2. What we are doing today Discussion of section 4. Quiz over section 4. Discussion question: Do you think any person can develop a self-actualized personality, regardless of his or her social or economic status. Explain in groups. F Day 12/1 3. Assignment for next time Read chapter 14, section 5, Trait Theories. Be prepared for a reading comprehension quiz on Day 6. Day 6 We will have a quiz over chapter 14, section 5, Trait Theories. 2. What we are doing today Discussion of section 5. Quiz over section 5. Group quote examination. Together we will discuss the following quote and what they are saying about certain things. The face is the image of the soul (Cicero), I am not much in fear of these fat, sleek fellows, but rather those pale, thin ones. (Julius Caesar), and Cassius hath a lean and hungry look; he things too much: such men are dangerous (from Julius Caesar, by William Shakespeare. Upon what basis are each of these personality judgments based? To what extant do people still judger personality by physical types? What are the limitations of this attitude? H Day 12/3 3. Assignment for next time Chose a character in a movie or television show you have recently seen (for easiness on my part chose someone that I may have heard of, please). Describe the character in terms of personality dimensions proposed by one of the trait theorists discussed in this section. Bring your typed or handwritten paragraph to class on Day 7 and be ready to discuss. Day 7 1. Due at class time Typed or handwritten paragraph of your television or movie character. 2. What we are doing today Discussion of characters. J Day 12/4 3. Assignment for next time Nothing at this time. Day 8 2. What we are doing today Wrap up of concepts covered in chapter 14. A Day 12/8 3. Assignment for next time Prepare for your practice test on Day 9.

7 Day 9 2. What we are doing today Practice test in class. B Day 3. Assignment for next time Noting at this time. Day What we are doing today Work on your final exam review guide. D Day 12/11 3. Assignment for next time Nothing at this time. Day What we are doing today Work on your final exam review guide. F Day 12/15 3. Assignment for next time Prepare for your final exams. Performance Assessment Day 2. What we are doing today I am open all day. Come on in and we can discuss questions or just me. 3. Assignment for next time Prepare for your final exams. Make sure you know where to go for your exam. No Letter Day 12/16 Up next Exams and Spring Semester!