Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species K.P.C.O.F.G.S. acronyms. Taxonomy
|
|
- Todd Morris
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Taxonomy
2 Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species K.P.C.O.F.G.S. acronyms Taxonomy
3 Taxonomy: Kingdoms Animals (us) Plants Fungi Protists Bacteria
4 Kingdom Animalia Ingestive heterotrophs Lack cell wall Motile at at least some part of their lives Embryos have a blastula stage (a hollow ball of cells) Usually an internal digestive chamber
5 Phyla in Kingdom Animalia Phylum Meaning Group Acanthocephala Thorny head Thorny-headed worms Acoelomorpha Without gut Acoels Annelida Little ring Segmented worms Arthropoda Jointed foot Arthropods Brachiopoda Arm foot Lamp shells Bryozoa Moss animals Moss animals, sea mats Chaetognatha Longhair jaw Arrow worms Chordata Cord Chordates Cnidaria Stinging nettle Coelenterates Ctenophora Comb bearer Comb jellies Cycliophora Wheel carrying Symbion Echinodermata Spiny skin Sea Urchins Echiura Spine tail Spoon worms Entoprocta Inside anus Goblet worm Gastrotricha Hair stomach Meiofauna Gnathostomulida Jaw orifice Jaw worms Hemichordata Half cord Acorn worms Kinorhyncha Motion snout Mud dragons Loricifera Corset bearer Brush heads Phylum Meaning Group Mesozoa Middle animals Mesozoans Micrognathozoa Tiny jaw animals Mollusca Thin shell Mollusks / molluscs Myxozoa Slime animals Nematoda Thread like Round worms Nematomorpha Thread form Horsehair worms Nemertea A sea nymph Ribbon worms Onychophora Claw bearer Velvet worms Orthonectida Straight swim Phoronida Zeus' mistress Horseshoe worms Placozoa Tubular animals Platyhelminthes Flat worms Flat worms Porifera Pore bearer Sponges Priapulida Penis Priapulid worms Rhombozoa Lozenge animal Rotifera Wheel bearer Rotifers Sipuncula Small tube Peanut worms Tardigrada Slow step Water bears Xenoturbellida Strange flatworm
6 Phylum Chordata Hollow dorsal nerve cord Trends Increasing cephalization Increased activity levels Increased predatory lifestyle
7 Phylum Chordata Subphylum Urochordata (Tunicates: filter-feeding sea squirts) Subphylum Cephalochordata (Lancelets) Subphylum Vertebrata (animals with backbones) Infraphylum Agnatha (jawless vertebrates) Infraphylum Gnathosomata (jawed vertebrates) Superclass Osteichthytes (bony fishes) Superclass Tetraposa (four-legged vertebrates)
8 Subphylum Vertebrata Dorsal hollow nerve, brain, eyes Paired kidneys Heart, aorta Transitions Superclass: Tetrapoda (4 limbs to locomote on land) Amniotes: tetrapod vertebrates where embryos, whether laid as eggs or carried by the female, are protected and aided by several extensive membranes; in humans, these membranes include the amniotic sac that surrounds the fetus; these embryonic membranes, and the lack of a larval stage, distinguish amniotes from tetrapod amphibians Shell, yolk, amnion, internal fertilization Synapsids (pre-mammals) Nocturnal niche that dinosaurs didn t dominate Increased metabolism to keep warm (bugs) Chewing (mastication); specialized teeth Legs under body to turn more easily (c.f., lizards)
9 Class mammalia Mammals Survived age of dinosaurs First were tiny, nocturnal insectivores Escaped predation Survived global cooling Adaptive Radiation(~ 0-65 mya) Three groups: Monotremes Marsupials Placental Eutherians
10 Mammals Milk/mammary glands: LACTATION (all mammals lactate) Hair (protein: keratin) Fur Specialized teeth Cephalization (large brains key in human evolution) Warm-blooded; heart; circulation (respiratory system connected to circulatory system); diaphragm = powerful muscle to enhance respiration About 5400 species around today Particular jaw feature defines mammals to paleontologists Vivipary (but not limited to mammals) Most are placental (egg without shell retained in uterus) Most are terrestrial Many with complex social behaviors including parental care
11 Mammals Monotremes Platypuses and Spiny Anteaters Lay reptilian, shelled, yolked eggs! (not viviparous) But have hair and produce milk to nourish their young Marsupials Viviparous (no shell, birth to embryo that needs to acquire food outside the mother s body via lactation) Opossums, kangaroos, koalas, sugar gliders Born early Complete embryonic development in pouch Nourished by milk (mammary glands) in the pouch Diversified in Australia Convergent Evolution with Placental (Eutherian) Mammals Eutherians (Placentals) Long pregnancy Viviparous (birth to infant that needs to acquire food outside the mothers body via lactation) All embryonic development in utero Nourished by a placenta fetal membranes (chorion) and maternal tissues intimately associated for gas exchange, nutrient supply, and waste removal! *viviparity not restricted to mammals: some sharks, reptiles, worms
12 Class Mammalia Subclass Prototheria (monotremes: platypuses and echidnas: lay eggs but have hair and produce milk) Subclass Theria - live-bearing mammals Infraclass Metatheria - marsupials Infraclass Eutheria - placentals Order Macroscelidea: elephant shrews (Africa) Order Afrosoricida: tenrecs and golden moles (Africa) Order Tubulidentata: aardvark (Africa south of the Sahara) Order Hyracoidea: hyraxes or dassies (Africa, Arabia) Order Proboscidea: elephants (Africa, Southeast Asia) Order Sirenia: dugong and manatees (ctropical) Order Pilosa: sloths and anteaters (Neotropical) Order Cingulata: armadillos (Americas) Order Scandentia: treeshrews (Southeast Asia) Order Dermoptera: flying lemurs or colugos (Southeast Asia) Order Primates: prosimians, monkeys, apes Order Lagomorpha: pikas, rabbits, hares (Eurasia, Africa, Americas) Order Rodentia: rodents Order Erinaceomorpha: hedgehogs Order Soricomorpha: moles, shrews, solenodons Order Chiroptera: bats Order Cetartiodactyla: whales, dolphins and porpoises, even-toed ungulates, including pigs, hippopotamus, camels, giraffe, deer, antelope, cattle, sheep, goats Order Perissodactyla: odd-toed ungulates, including horses, donkeys, zebras, tapirs, and rhinoceroses Order Pholidota: pangolins or scaly anteaters (Africa, South Asia) Order Carnivora: carnivores
13 Primate Trends Separating them from the Other Mammals Delayed maturation Increased infant dependency Long gestation Long lifespan Low reproductive rate Large, complex brain Gregarious (many permanently live in groups) Male-female social associations Singleton births Arboreal Diurnal Grooming (practical and social functions)
14 Primates The order Primates consists of two major suborders: the Prosimians and the Anthropoidea. The prosimians were the first of the suborders to evolve; they are often called the "lower primates" The word prosimian literally means "pre-monkey." Strepsirhines = prosimians Haplorhines = anthropoids (monkeys and apes)
15 Rhinarium = nose wet, connected to upper lip strepsirhine Dry, not connected to lip haplorhine
16 Primates Prosimians Dental comb Smaller brain Grooming claw Many nocturnal species More seasonal breeding Baby parking in many species Anthropoids Dental comb absent Larger brain Nails on all digits Few nocturnal species Less seasonal breeding Heavy baby carrying by mothers (and, rarely, by dads)
17 Aye Aye (lemur group) Body size Activity Period General Social Pattern "Special" Features Medium Nocturnal Solitary - continuously growing incisors (rodent-like) - thin spindly middle finger - largest nocturnal primate
18 The earliest primates were probably specialized for hunting bugs. Loris
19 Anthropoids Haplorhines Dry, unconnected noses Africa, Asia, South America Monkeys, apes, and humans ***prosimians are NOT monkeys Two groups Catarhines (apes and Old World monkeys) Platyrhines (New World Monkeys)
20 Rhine = nose Catarrhine: human Platyrrhine: red-faced uakari
21 Example of New World Monkeys: Cebids
22 Example of New World Monkeys:Callitrichids juvenile golden lion tamarin *very high paternal investment! Dads carry twins all of the time except when they are nursing; dads do NOT feed infants, however. Pygmy marmoset (smallest primate)
23 Old World Monkeys (orange = New World Monkeys)
24 Old World Monkeys: Cercopithecines (baboons and macaques) Japanese macaque Gelada baboon
25 OWM: Cercopithecines most are female-bonded Celebes macaque
26 Transfer and Dispersal In most animals, both sexes leave their parents at sexual maturity But primates are social In order to avoid inbreeding depression, all members of at least on sex must transfer to a new social groups at sexual maturity natal groups = the group you were born into The sex that leaves its natal group is the dispersing or transferring sex The sex that stays in its natal group is the philopatric or bonded sex Most primates, especially the baboons and macaques, are female-bonded Different consequences for social life trajectories of the sexes Humans?
27 Colobines Proboscis monkey: sexual selection!
28 Colobines eat a lot of leaves Specialized gut adaptations for digesting cellulose and neutralizing toxins (humans? )
29 Autotrophs (make own food) Roots Anchors water-getters Storage devices: Tubers Rhizomes Trunks/stems Structure Support Leaves Seeds Gum Fruits: eat me! Plants have adaptations that facilitate their OWN reproduction--they do not want to die to help out their predators nutrition, survival, or reproduction Plant predators vs. plants: Eat fruits: mutualism Eat rest of plant: selfishness by predator Plant toxins: selfishness by plant ( eat me and get sick or die! ) arms race: livers Parts of a Plant
30 Hominoidea: the Apes Hylobatidae Hominidae Category The lesser apes The great apes The human apes Common names Gibbons and siamangs Orangutans Gorillas Chimpanzees Bonobos humans Distribution Southeast Asia Borneo, Sumatra -Lowland gorilla in West Central Africa -Mountain gorilla in volcanic mountains bordering Rwanda, Uganda, and Congo Tropical rainforests and tropical forests of West, East, and North-central Africa Central African Rainforests South of the big bend of the Congo River Global (plus?) Size Large (5-11 kg) Huge (35-70 kg) Huge ( kg) Huge (30-45 kg) Huge (30-45 kg) Huge Grouping Pattern Socially monogamous Solitary Group (1 alpha male, his harem, and their kids) Large fissionfusion communities Large fissionfusion communities Large multimal/ multifemae community
31 Ape Distribution
32 Apes: High-quality diets
33 Lesser apes gibbon siamang
34 Monogamy Monogamous and low sexual dimorphism (humans? )
35 Orangutan Solitary: the only group is mom and dependent offspring
36 Gorilla Polygyny, male-male competition, and infanticide (humans? )
37 Male-bonded, femaletransfer; raids in males; babies REALLY reliant on mother (Flo and Flint); LEARNING; cooperative hunting; promiscuous mating but dominant males mate more; Culture; Tools; Humans? Chimpanzee
38 Bonobo Mothers help adult sons achieve dominance; Non-reproductive sex; Humans?
39 Humans Between monogamy and polygyny Some sexual dimorphism Mode: male-bonded, female transfer Mothers (and fathers) invest in adult kids Male raids and warfare Infanticide Delayed maturation Increased infant dependency Long gestation Long lifespan Low reproductive rate (singleton births) Large, complex brain Gregarious (permanently live in groups) Male-female social associations Terrestrial Diurnal Grooming (practical and social functions) Nails on all digits No seasonal breeding Bipedalism Heavy baby carrying by mothers (and, less-frequently, by dads); use of slings Babies REALLY reliant on mother (but adoption) LEARNING cooperative hunting dominant males mate more Culture Tools Non-reproductive sex High quality diets Menopause Allomothering Male provisioning of mothers and offspring: a big deal! Marriage = a contract for biparental care
Specifically the EXTANT primates, i.e., the species that are still alive today: these include some prosimians, some monkeys, & some apes (-next:
Primates! Specifically the EXTANT primates, i.e., the species that are still alive today: these include some prosimians, some monkeys, & some apes (-next: fossil hominins, who are extinct) Taxonomy What
More informationClass Mammalia. Biology ~ Advanced Studies
Class Mammalia Biology ~ Advanced Studies DOL 60-64 VI. Class Mammalia A. General characteristics 1. Hair on bodies 2. Females have mammary glands a. nourish young with milk 3. Breathe air with lungs 4.
More informationA n t h r o p o l o g y
A n t h r o p o l o g y Appreciating Human Diversity Fifteenth Edition Conrad Phillip Kottak University of Michigan McGraw-Hill 2013 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. C H A P T E R THE PRIMATES
More informationThe World of Primates
The World of Primates From mouse lemurs to gorillas, the Primates are an extremely diverse and successful Order of mammals. There is no single feature that makes an animal a primate, but rather a suite
More informationUnit 4 continued Primates and primate behavior
Unit 4 continued Primates and primate behavior 1 Primates Traits found across the primate order *Tendency towards erect posture *Highly prehensile hands and feet *Generalized dentition *Reliance on complex
More informationMammalogy Prelim 2 11/20/2008 Name: Page 1 of 6
Mammalogy Prelim 2 11/20/2008 Name: Page 1 of 6 This is a closed book test you may not use notes, textbook, other people, or references to answer these questions. You must turn in the exam at the end of
More informationUsing a Dichotomous Key to Identify Mammal Skulls
Objectives Using a Dichotomous Key to Identify Mammal Skulls 1. To learn how a dichotomous key works, and to appreciate its utility and necessity. 2. To learn how to use skull and dentition characteristics
More informationIntroduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 15 Primate sociality: Predators and living in groups Copyright Bruce Owen 2010 Most haplorrine, and
Introduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 15 Primate sociality: Predators and living in groups Copyright Bruce Owen 2010 Most haplorrine, and many strepsirrhine, primates are social: they live in
More informationTWO MAJOR GROUPS: PROSIMIANS NOT MANY SPECIES, LESS ADVANCED ANTHROPOIDS A TON OF SPECIES, MORE ADVANCED
PRIMATES TWO MAJOR GROUPS: PROSIMIANS NOT MANY SPECIES, LESS ADVANCED ANTHROPOIDS A TON OF SPECIES, MORE ADVANCED PROSIMIANS: RESEMBLE OTHER MAMMALS MORE THAN ANTHROPOID PRIMATES MORE SMELL DEPENDENT FOR
More informationLecture 9: Primate Behavior - Ecology
Anthro 101: Human Biological Evolution Lecture 9: Primate Behavior - Ecology Prof. Kenneth Feldmeier feldmekj@lavc.edu Homework 2 Why do primates live in groups? Benefits of group life Costs of group life
More informationPrimate Studies. (Asst )Prof. Soumi Dey Dept. of Anthropology Haldia Govt. College
Primate Studies (Asst )Prof. Soumi Dey Dept. of Anthropology Haldia Govt. College Common Mammal Traits Fur (or body hair in Humans) Long gestation & live birth (relative to other types of organisms) Heterodontism
More informationCh. 5 - Primate Behavioral Ecology
Physical Anthropology Summer 2014 Dr. Leanna Wolfe Quiz #5 Ch. 5 - Primate Behavioral Ecology Matching the Mammalian Groups: 1. Eutheria a. Marsupials 2. Prototheria b. Placental Mammals 3. Metatheria
More informationSuborder Haplorrhini
Suborder Haplorrhini Suborders split ~63 MYA Differences: Strepsirrhini Name means curved nose Retain enzyme that manufacture vitamin C Don t have a post-orbital plate Have a rhinarium, the wet & naked
More informationChapter 09 Marine Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals
Chapter 09 Marine Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals Multiple Choice Questions 1. Marine amphibians: A. Do not exist at all B. Are gill-breathers C. Are fish-like D. Include only tropical species E. Are oviparous
More informationPrimates share several behavioral and biological characteristics, which indicates that they evolved from a common ancestor.
Section 1: share several behavioral and biological characteristics, which indicates that they evolved from a common ancestor. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions
More informationAdaptation of Gestation or Egg- laying in Species Depends on the Amount of Internal Heat Generated in Digesting the Food
Adaptation of Gestation or Egg- laying in Species Depends on the Amount of Internal Heat Generated in Digesting the Food Karunakar Marasakatla *Correspondence to: kmarasakatla@gmail.com Abstract: Anatomically
More informationPhylogenetics, systematics and conservation. Darwin s revolution
Phylogenetics, systematics and conservation Matthew D. Herron Darwin s revolution probably all the organic beings which have ever lived on this earth have descended from some one primordial form, into
More informationSIO 133 Marine Mammal Biology
SIO 133 Marine Mammal Biology Instructors: John Hildebrand (SIO) and Lisa Balance (SWFSC) Office Hours: Friday 10:30-11:30 Ritter Hall 200E Guest Lecturers: Simone Baumann-Pickering and Bob Pitman Teaching
More informationEUTHERIAN MAMMALS. Eutherian Mammals are classified into orders on the basis of dentition. It does not involve phylogeny.
EUTHERIAN MAMMALS Eutherian Mammals are classified into orders on the basis of dentition. It does not involve phylogeny. Dinosaurs..? TROPHIC TYPES FOUND AMONG EUTHERIAN MAMMALS Predators Flesh eaters
More informationMain Points. 3) What constitutes scientific evidence? -- example: cryptozoology and DNA sequencing of yeti hair
Main Points 1) Diversity, Phylogeny, and Systematics: -- Infraclass Eutheria -- Orders Chiroptera through Primates -- Superorder Afrotheria, Suborders Megachiroptera, Microchiroptera 2) The evolution of
More informationSocial Behaviour in Mammals
TERTIARY LEVEL BIOLOGY Social Behaviour in Mammals Trevor B. Poole, B.Sc., Ph.D. Blackie Glasgow and London Distributed in the USA by Chapman and Hall New York Blackie & Son Limited Bishopbriggs Glasgow
More informationReview sheet for taxonomy through biological molecules
Review sheet for taxonomy through biological molecules WARNING: I have tried to be complete, but I may have missed something. You are responsible for all the material discussed in class. This is only a
More informationMammalogy 4764 Final Fall 2008 Name: Page 1 of 6
Mammalogy 4764 Final Fall 2008 Name: Page 1 of 6 This is a closed book test you may not use notes, books, other people, or references to answer these questions. You must turn in the exam at the end of
More informationIntroductory Biology I, Exam I Spring, 2014
Introductory Biology I, Exam I Spring, 2014 Name: Instructions: There are 65 questions; each is worth 2 pts. Write down the best answer for each one. Please make sure that you fill out your scantron correctly.
More informationWe are an example of a biological species that has evolved
Bio 1M: Primate evolution (complete) 1 Patterns of evolution Humans as an example We are an example of a biological species that has evolved Many of your friends are probably humans Humans seem unique:
More information3.1 Meiosis
3.1 Meiosis Chromosome Number Individuals of the same species have the same number of chromosomes. Meiosis is used to half the number of chromosomes passed to the offspring. What is meiosis Meiosis happens
More informationPrimate Behavioral Ecology Anthro 381. Nicole Hess, PhD
Primate Behavioral Ecology Anthro 381 Nicole Hess, PhD Day 1! Syllabus! Perry short film on Abby s group:!http://www.prehensileproductions.com/! Start next series of intro slides ( Why study? ) Why study
More informationFertilization. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege
Fertilization Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Sexual reproduction starts with the combination of a sperm and an egg in a process called fertilization. This can occur either inside (internal fertilization) or outside
More informationAmong all organisms, humans are : Archaea... Bacteria... Eukaryotes... Viruses... Among eukaryotes, humans are : Protists... Plants... Animals...
Among all organisms, Archaea..... Bacteria....... Eukaryotes... Viruses... Campbell & Reece, page 679 Among eukaryotes, Protists..... Plants........ Animals..... Fungi. Campbell & Reece, page 4 Among animals,
More informationMain Points. Terms: patagium, sexual selection, secondary sex characteristic, father-at-home hypothesis, exaptation
Main Points 1) Diversity, Phylogeny, and Systematics: -- Infraclass Eutheria -- Orders Perissodactyla through Soricomorpha 2) Evolutionary relatedness within the Homonidae -- convergence and sexual selection
More informationSponges, Cnidarians, and Worms
Sponges, Cnidarians, and Worms Section 1: What is an animal? Multicellular that feed on other organisms STRUCTURE- levels of organization of cells 1. Cells- basic unit of animal structure 2. Tissues- many
More informationMain Points. Terms: patagium, sexual selection, secondary sex characteristic, father-at-home hypothesis, exaptation
Main Points 1) Diversity, Phylogeny, and Systematics: -- Infraclass Eutheria -- Orders Perissodactyla through Eulipotyphla 2) Evolutionary relatedness within the Homonidae -- convergence and sexual selection
More informationBio 1M: The evolution of apes (complete) 1 Example. 2 Patterns of evolution. Similarities and differences. History
Bio 1M: The evolution of apes (complete) 1 Example Humans are an example of a biological species that has evolved Possibly of interest, since many of your friends are probably humans Humans seem unique:
More informationEutherian Mammals Hamadryas Baboon
ANIMAL 1 REPRODUCTION Eutherian Mammals Hamadryas Baboon Hamadryas Baboons form social hierarchies that involve the formation of troops, bands, clans and harems. A harem is the smallest unit and usually
More informationThe basic structures (if there) are frequently modified. Frequently the penis is retracted into a sheath.
Reproduction: Combining anatomy with material from chapter 20. Unlike some of the other systems we've looked at, there is considerable variation here (and humans aren't the best model). Table 20-1, p.
More informationBIOPSYCHOLOGY 8e John P.J. Pinel
BIOPSYCHOLOGY 8e John P.J. Pinel Thinking about the Biology of Behaviour: From Dichotomies to Relations and Interactions There is a tendency to think in simple dichotomies when explaining behaviour: Is
More informationNote: Exercise 1 should be completed before your assigned lab time.
Keying and Animal Taxonomy Lab Learning Objectives: 1 - Become familiar with the construction of an identification key 2 - Accurately use a key to identify unknowns 3 - Accurately apply common name, phylum
More informationSexual size dimorphism in mammals
CHAPTER 2 Sexual size dimorphism in mammals Patrik Lindenfors, John L. Gittleman, and Kate E. Jones 2.1 Introduction In this chapter we review the extent and direction of sexual size dimorphism in mammals
More informationAll about Marine Mammals
All about Marine Mammals Read the passage below. As we already know, mammals are animals that have lungs and breathe air. They also are warm-blooded which means that they can keep warm even when it is
More informationAngel International School - Manipay 2 nd Term Examination March, 2018 Biology
Grade 07 Angel International School - Manipay 2 nd Term Examination March, 2018 Duration: 2.00 Hours 1) Underline the correct answer: Part 1 1) Given below are some adapative features of plants: (i) It
More informationSponges, Cnidarians, and Worms
Sponges, Cnidarians, and Worms Section 1: What is an animal? that feed on other organisms STRUCTURE- levels of organization of cells 1. Cells- basic unit of animal structure 2. Tissues- many cells make
More informationTopic 10: Origin of Cetaceans: A Macroevolutionary Case Study
Topic 10: Origin of Cetaceans: A Macroevolutionary Case Study All content and conclusions, except for photos, CR Hardy 1. Fully aquatic, mostly marine mammals Colloquially called dolphins, porpoises, &
More informationKey underlined answers are the correct answers
Key underlined answers are the correct answers 1) In the diagram above: a) fetal hemoglobin has a higher oxygen affinity than adult hemoglobin b) oxygen saturation is 0% when oxygen levels are high (above
More informationChapter 12: Marine Mammals. By: Da Lynne Cousar, Megan Dudenbostel, Kyle Nemeth, Matt Boyle, and Steven Miller
Chapter 12: Marine Mammals By: Da Lynne Cousar, Megan Dudenbostel, Kyle Nemeth, Matt Boyle, and Steven Miller Four different kinds of Marine Mammals Cetaceans- includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises
More informationWorksheet for Morgan/Carter Laboratory #19 Animals II Nematoda, Arthropoda, Echinodermata and Chordata
Worksheet for Morgan/Carter Laboratory #19 Animals II Nematoda, Arthropoda, Echinodermata and Chordata BE SURE TO CAREFULLY READ THE INTRODUCTION PRIOR TO ANSWERING THE QUESTIONS!!! You will need to refer
More informationOrganism Project. Asian Elephant. Abby-Rose Mannes
Organism Project Asian Elephant Abby-Rose Mannes Asian Elephant Introduction I will be doing my Organism research project on the Asian Elephant, the Asian Elephants scientific name is Elephas Maximus.
More informationMarine Turtles, Mammals and Seabirds. Chapter 9
Marine Turtles, Mammals and Seabirds Chapter 9 Seabirds Seabirds, like mammals, are able to maintain a constant body temperature derived through metabolic means (homeotherms, endotherm) Seabirds The feathers
More informationReproductive System:
Reproductive System: Purpose: The reproductive system combines genetic information from both parents (in most animals) to produce new life forms. This system produces sex cells (gametes), delivers them,
More informationCirculation and Gas Exchange
Circulation and Gas Exchange Sponges (porifera) Flat worms (platyhelminthes) Round worms (nematoda) Segmented worms (annelida) Stinging celled (cnidaria) Squishy (mollusca) Hard shelled (arthropods) Spiny
More informationKingdom Phylum Class Genus. Annelid(s)/ annelida Vertebrate/ vertebrata/ chordate/ chordata; Insect/ insecta;
1. (a) BIOLOGY BY2 Kingdom Phylum Class Genus Planta(e)/ plant(s); 4 Annelid(s)/ annelida Vertebrate/ vertebrata/ chordate/ chordata; Insect/ insecta; (b) (i) A = Fungi; 2 B = Protoctist(a)/ protoctists/
More informationContribution of Animals. Many provide food for us and other animals. Clothing and shoes are sometimes made from animal products
1 2 Contribution of Animals Many provide food for us and other animals Clothing and shoes are sometimes made from animal products Research shows that holding or petting a cat or dog slows the heartbeat
More informationCOMMON FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT PLANNING TEMPLATE --FIRST DRAFT--
COMMON FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT PLANNING TEMPLATE --FIRST DRAFT-- Grade Level or Course: Biology Grade 10 Authors: NHS/BMHS Assessment Topic: Taxonomy & Comparative Anatomy Selected Power Standards: List standards
More informationIntroduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 13 Mating: Primate females and males Copyright Bruce Owen 2008 As we have seen before, the bottom line
Introduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 13 Mating: Primate females and males Copyright Bruce Owen 2008 As we have seen before, the bottom line in evolution is reproductive success reproductive success:
More informationALL ABOUT PRIMATES! Gorilla World and Jungle Trails
ALL ABOUT PRIMATES! Gorilla World and Jungle Trails WHAT IS A PRIMATE? Primates are a taxonomical Order of related species that fall under the Class Mammalia Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia
More informationFossil Kit Laboratory Investigation 5: Fossil Teeth. Desired Results
Fossil Kit Laboratory Investigation 5: Fossil Teeth Investigation Summary: Students examine and compare fossil and modern teeth. Students use properties of tooth shape and size to identify and interpret
More informationReproduction. Asexual vs Sexual
Reproduction Asexual vs Sexual Why is Reproduction Important? The means by which an organism produces offspring Biologically and evolutionarily speaking, reproduction is what has made the continuation
More informationFlatworms. Phylum Platyhelminthes
Flatworms Phylum Platyhelminthes Characteristics of Flatworms Flatworms are acoelomates, which means they have no coelom. A coelom is a fluid-filled body cavity The digestive cavity is the only body cavity
More informationALL ABOUT PRIMATES! Gorilla World and Jungle Trails
ALL ABOUT PRIMATES! Gorilla World and Jungle Trails PRIMATE EVOLUTION The ancestors of primates show up in the fossil record around 85 to 65 million years ago. The first true primates fossil was discovered
More informationIntroduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 13 Mating: Primate females and males Copyright Bruce Owen 2010 We want to understand the reasons
Introduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 13 Mating: Primate females and males Copyright Bruce Owen 2010 We want to understand the reasons behind the lifestyles of our non-human primate relatives
More informationIntroduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 12 Mating: Primate females and males Copyright Bruce Owen 2009 We want to understand the reasons
Introduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 12 Mating: Primate females and males Copyright Bruce Owen 2009 We want to understand the reasons behind the lifestyles of our non-human primate relatives
More informationIntroduction to Evolutionary Anthropology Shawn M. Lehman Chapter 4 Living Primates
Introduction to Evolutionary Anthropology Shawn M. Lehman Chapter 4 Living Primates Primate Taxonomy and Characteristics Primates belong to the order Mammalia Mammals are characterized by general morphology,
More informationANAT2009 Lecture Notes
Lecture 2 (25/07/16) Learning Outcomes To be able to explain the three adaptive trends which are characteristic of all primates. To be able to describe the range and major characteristics and give examples
More informationPractice Exam (3) Why would a deer mouse have a greater energy expenditure per unit mass than an adult human?
1. (10) Match the statements in column B with the phyla in column A. D. Porifera A. Segmented body with a true coelom, earthworms and leeches H. Cnidaria B. Highly successful, chewing mouth parts, some
More informationNotes - Platyhelminthes and Nematodes
Notes - Platyhelminthes and Nematodes - These two phylum are composed of. However, the worms we are going to look at are not common. Both of these phyla are composed of unsegmented worms. That is, these
More informationCetacean Social & Reproductive Systems
Cetacean Social & Reproductive Systems Group Living Benefits Reduced predation risk Enhanced detection/ capture of prey Improved reproduction Reduced harassment Larger prey Costs Share food Increased competition
More informationo Production of genetically identical offspring from one parent o E.g. - Bacteria Reproduce by binary fission a cell to divide into 2
Reproduction (IGCSE Biology Syllabus 2016-2018) Asexual Reproduction o Production of genetically identical offspring from one parent o E.g. - Bacteria Reproduce by binary fission a cell to divide into
More informationEvolution of Mating Systems. Chapter 8
Evolution of Mating Systems Chapter 8 Mating Systems-Chapter 8 1 Monogamy 2 Polyandry 3 Polygyny And the many combinations within! Why should a male be monogamous? 1 extension of guarding, little chance
More informationPERISSODACTYLA, ARTIODACTYLA, AFROTHERIA
PERISSODACTYLA, ARTIODACTYLA, AFROTHERIA Know the terms in bold type. For laboratory, be able to identify the key characteristics present in the available specimens. Other characters will be useful to
More informationa) bear b) wolf c) parrot d) peacock a) panda b) giraffe c) elephant d) shark a) hippo b) rhino c) zebra d) tortoise
WILD ANIMALS MULTIPLE CHOICE TEST a) tiger b) snake c) lion d) monkey a) bear b) wolf c) parrot d) peacock a) panda b) giraffe c) elephant d) shark a) hippo b) rhino c) zebra d) tortoise a) rhino b) parrot
More informationGuide to LIVING MAMMALS J. E. WEBB. Professor of Zoology, Westfield College University of London. Reader in Zoology, Westfield College, J. H.
Guide to LIVING MAMMALS J. E. WEBB Professor of Zoology, Westfield College University of London J. A. WALLWORK Reader in Zoology, Westfield College, University of London J. H. ELGOOD Formerly Associate
More informationANIMALS AND THEIR HABITATS: KS2 STUDENT RESOURCES
ANIMALS AND THEIR HABITATS: KS2 STUDENT RESOURCES ANIMALS AND THEIR HABITATS (Lesson 1:1) Living things need Micro habitats Macro habitats Animals Difference? Plants Name: Class: Date: COMPARING ANIMALS
More informationFIFTH GRADE-SCIENCE (SCIENCE5_4)
Name: Date: FIFTH GRADE-SCIENCE (SCIENCE5_4) 1. Which system is responsible for delivering nutrients and oxygen and removing wastes and carbon dioxide? A. muscular system B. immune system C. nervous system
More informationMILK COMPOSITION AND LACTATION STRATEGIES ACROSS MAMMALIAN TAXA: IMPLICATIONS FOR HAND-REARING NEONATES
MILK COMPOSITION AND LACTATION STRATEGIES ACROSS MAMMALIAN TAXA: IMPLICATIONS FOR HAND-REARING NEONATES Sara J. Iverson, PhD* Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H4J1 Canada
More informationJurmain et al. Chapter 7. Primate Behavior
Jurmain et al. Chapter 7 Primate Behavior Primate Studies Primate studies often use an ecological approach to explain variation in primate behavior between different species and within a single species.
More informationLIFE CYCLES. The Plant Life Cycle
LIFE CYCLES A life cycle is the sequence of changes or development that an animal or plant goes through in its life. A life cycle describes the stages and processes that take place as a plant or animal
More informationAnimal Phylogeny. Phylum Arthropoda
Animal Phylogeny sponges Cnidaria Echinodermata & Chordata Platyhelminthes Molluska & Annelida Nematoda & Arthropoda tissues Deuterostomes Protostomes molting Phylum Arthropoda Insects, crustaceans, spiders,
More informationThe Search Strategy. Judith van Luijk PhD student & lecturer SYRCLE, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
The Search Strategy Judith van Luijk PhD student & lecturer SYRCLE, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation 3 rd international Symposium on
More informationGlossary. The living component or part of the biosphere. An animal's body takes on the same temperature as that of their environment.
Abiotic component Adventitious roots Amnion Angiosperms Arachnids Arthropods Atmosphere Autotrophic Biodiversity Biosphere Biotic component Coldblooded Contraceptives Crosspollination Crustacea Dicotyledons
More informationGCSE Revision Booklet Biology Unit B1 Influences of life
GCSE Revision Booklet Biology Unit B1 Influences of life Classification, Inheritance and variation Classification Each different organism (living thing) has a unique classification that gives it a binomial
More informationIDENTIFYING CHARACTERISTICS OF MAMMALS
THE STUDY OF MAMMALS The Class Mammalia, first named by Carl Linnaeus, is not the newest of the classes in which we are interested; Class Aves, the birds, is. The fossil record shows only a few scattered
More informationTypes of Mating Systems
The Human Mating System Note: this is the stereotypical EP view (e.g., Buss) Types of Mating Systems Random Monogamy Polygyny: variance in male reproductive success > variance in female reproductive success
More informationTopic 10: Nutrition & Digestion Ch. 41. Nutritional Requirements pp Essential Amino Acids p.939. Essential Fatty Acids p.
Topic 10: Nutrition & Digestion Ch. 41 Nutritional Requirements pp.939-941 Diets for animals must satisfy three needs : 1. Metabolic fuel Energy needed to do cellular work. E.g. glucose 2. Materials for
More informationIntroduction to the Animal Kingdom
Warm-up Introduction to the Animal Kingdom What characteristics are common to all animals? Eukaryotic cells NO cell wall Multicellular Cell specialization Heterotrophic Reproduction/Development Categories
More informationGood resources. Why are females choosy? Good resources. Resources from males can tip the scales of relative investment
Why are females choosy? Good resources direct benefits Good genes indirect benefits Sexy son hypothesis (Fisher) Handicap hypothesis (Zahavi) Good genes for sons, daughters Good resources courtship feeding
More informationGood resources. Why are females choosy? Good resources. Good resources direct benefits Good genes indirect benefits
Why are females choosy? Good resources direct benefits Good genes indirect benefits Sexy son hypothesis (Fisher) Handicap hypothesis (Zahavi) Good genes for sons, daughters courtship feeding Good resources
More informationDuncanrig Secondary School
Duncanrig Secondary School S3 Biology Elective Animal Reproduction Pupils Activity Booklet Animal Reproduction 2 What you should know by the end of this unit: State that binary fission is a type of cell
More informationSexual Reproduction EXTERNAL INTERNAL
Sexual Reproduction EXTERNAL INTERNAL Sexual Reproduction Requires two parents (unlike asexual reproduction) Species must mate with members of their own species Sea Urchin Example Eggs and sperms are released
More informationPLATYHELMINTHES ACOELA FLATWORMS ACOELA CHAPTER 8. phylum acoelomorpha marine or brackish usually found in sediments
FLATWORMS? ACOELA phylum acoelomorpha marine or brackish usually found in sediments CHAPTER 8 ACOELOMORPHA ACOELA Digestion some with gastrovascular cavity Reproduction Radial nerve system proboscis sheath
More informationFoundation for the course:
Start thinking about term paper topics Foundation for the course: Taxonomy: who are they? Evolution: how did they get here? 1 Important Points Most important Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia
More informationBy Zara. Asian Elephant
By Zara Asian Elephant Introduction The scientific name for the Asian Elephants is Elephas Maximus. They are currently endangered, and is fastly decreasing because of deforestation and making room for
More informationSTD.6 (2015) MOVEMENT IN THE BODY. When an organism moves from one place to another, it is termed as locomotion. locomotion.
STD.6 (2015) MOVEMENT IN THE BODY Q.1 Define Locomotion. When an organism moves from one place to another, it is termed as locomotion. Ex.A jump, hop, walk and swim. Q.2 Differentiate between movement
More informationUNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education *9693642961* BIOLOGY 0610/23 Paper 2 Core October/November 2012 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates
More informationPinniped Social Systems
Pinniped Social Systems Animal Mating Systems Polygamy Polygyny (one male & many females) Polyandry (one female & many males) Monogamy One male & one female Does not rule out hanky panky Serial Monogamy
More informationChapter 3 Notes Parts th Grade Science Mrs. Tracy Tomm
Chapter 3 Notes Parts 1-2 8 th Grade Science Mrs. Tracy Tomm Section 3.1 Notes - Animal Classification 1. VERTEBRATES have a backbone made of bone or cartilage, while INVERTEBRATES have no backbone. 2.
More information6) An animal with the cross section shown above has a: a) Gastrovascular cavity b) Pseudocoelom c) Coelom
1) A 12 foot tall human: a) Would need a disproportionally larger and stronger skeleton than a 6 foot tall human b) Would need a disproportionally smaller and weaker skeleton than a 2 foot tall human c)
More informationAño Nuevo. Karen Pihl
Año Nuevo Karen Pihl What to Bring. Bring warm clothes and rain gear. No umbrellas. Shoes for mud. Bring binoculars, cameras. You will need money to park ($5.00) and to cross the San Mateo Bridge ($3.00).
More informationTayassu tajacu (Collared Peccary or Quenk)
Tayassu tajacu (Collared Peccary or Quenk) Family: Tayassuidae (Peccaries) Order: Artiodactyla (Even-toed Ungulates) Class: Mammalia (Mammals) Fig 1. Collared peccary, Tayassu tajacu. [http://a-z-animals.com/animals/collared-peccary/,
More informationCarolina Biological Supply Company. Rats! Inquiry-Based Dissection with Carolina s Perfect Solution Specimens
Carolina Biological Supply Company Rats! Inquiry-Based Dissection with Carolina s Perfect Solution Specimens Objectives Introduce basic mammalian anatomy using the rat Perform a rat dissection focusing
More informationAn Introduction to the Invertebrates, Part Two Platyhelminthes & Rotifers. Reference: Chapter 33.3, 33.4
An Introduction to the Invertebrates, Part Two Platyhelminthes & Rotifers Reference: Chapter 33.3, 33.4 Quick Protist Review v Are protists monophyletic, paraphyletic, or polyphyletic? v What are protozoa?
More information