Risk manage for fatigue - not rosters. Naomi L. Rogers, PhD Greg Dalliston, Stephen Wood, Jason Hill

Transcription

1 Risk manage for fatigue - not rosters Naomi L. Rogers, PhD Greg Dalliston, Stephen Wood, Jason Hill

2 Fatigue in the mining industry Fatigue is a particularly vexed subject. Fatigue is difficult to easily assess and not well understood. It is becoming a major hazard within the mining industry and is being exacerbated by the increased hours and roster cycles being worked. Commissioner for Mine Safety & Health Annual Report

3 Fatigue Physiological and/or psychological state characterised by diminished capacity to perform not motivational - cannot be overcome by pushing to do better threatening punishment for reporting fatigue is not fatigue management experienced by everyone at some point shiftwork produces it multiple contributing factors

4 sleepwake behaviour sleep onset FATIGUE

5 lifestyle sleepwake behaviour circadian rhythms FATIGUE health other environment activity

6 memory concentration sleep onset incidents/ injuries FATIGUE decision making errors reaction/ response time attention

7 Fatigue & HPIs XXXXXX water truck driver went to sleep. Employee had micro-sleep just before intersection onto load out road and failed to take the turn, running off the road At approximately 05:30am at XXXXXXX an operator fell asleep while driving a CAT 785 (fully loaded) up Ramp 4 to the dump. The operator drove out of the pit with a loaded truck from the pre-strip; it appears that he fell asleep and went off the road he woke up as he hit the safety berm with the truck on top it At approx. 5:25am a XXXX truck driver was hauling coal from 25 to Dump Station 4 when he fell asleep at the wheel of a C-triple road train. Operator admitted that he fell asleep and that he didn't get sleep the night before. A truck driver operating a 789 C rear dump was driving from the digger to the dump and had a microsleep and ran off the road into the safety berm RD36 was loaded by Shovel and proceeded towards dump, travelled approx 500mtrs up haul road and suffered and microsleep The operator was returning to the dig face from the dump as the operator turned left from he experienced a microsleep and had came into contact with a bund When travelling empty from the dump back to the loading face the operator had a lapse in concentration when the truck contacted the bund on the pit edge side of the road The truck operator has turned at the entrance to dump 6 and at this point suffered a microsleep

8 Fatigue & HPIs Approx 50m up the ramp, the operator has come into contact with the left bund and has woken up. The operator called their superintendent and reported they had no memory of leaving the excavator floor. The operator of the rear dump truck has reported having a microsleep and was awoken when the truck ran into a table drain and bogged on the opposite side of the road to the direction of travel. Light vehicle travelling west along haul road when the driver fell asleep veering across haul road and hitting the rill on the northern side of the haul road. An operator fell asleep while driving a loaded rear dump truck and ran into the safety rill on the side of the haul road. An operator was returning back from the ROM empty after dumping a load of coal at 5.30am when he had a lapse in concentration which resulted in Pos 1 tyre impacting the berm on the drivers side for an estimated 10m It was at this time while turning to the right that the operator believes he had a microsleep resulting in the truck coming to rest with the Pos 2 tyre into the bund. While travelling loaded up the ramp the operator of RD16 experienced a microsleep. At approximately whilst travelling loaded the operator of RD22 experienced a microsleep, resulting in RD22 Crossing the haul circuit and making contact with a bund wall Operator was driving a rear dump 1762 on ramp 24 when the operator had a microsleep veering off the haul road and hitting the window

9 Managing fatigue? What are the contributors to fatigue? What are the targets for fatigue management? appropriately? When answering these questions need to be evidence based What do we use to identify, assess and manage fatigue Naomi L. Rogers, PhD

10 Coal Mining Safety and Health Regulation Safety and health management system for personal fatigue and other physical and psychological impairment, and drugs (1) A coal mine s safety and health management system must provide for controlling risks at the mine associated with the following - (a) personal fatigue;

11 Coal Mining Safety and Health Regulation 2001 (2) The system must provide for the following about personal fatigue for persons at the mine - (a) an education program; (b) an employee assistance program; (c) the maximum number of hours for a working shift; (d) the number and length of rest breaks in a shift; (e) the maximum number of hours to be worked in a week or roster cycle.

12 Coal Mining Safety and Health Regulation Developing standard operating procedures (1) (a) the site senior executive must consult with a crosssection of the mine s coal mine workers involved in carrying out a task under the proposed standard operating procedure to identify the hazards associated with the task and ways of controlling the hazards; (3) In developing the standard operating procedure, the site senior executive must (a) use a risk assessment process recognised by the mining industry as an acceptable process for identifying and controlling hazards; and (b) have regard to the methods of controlling the hazard stated in the database kept by the chief executive under section 280(1)(a)(i) of the Act.

13 Risk assessment for fatigue

14 Risk assessment for fatigue Health & safety vs. IR A risk assessment for fatigue is not an IR issue, it is a safety & health issue

15 Risk assessment for fatigue Shared responsibility Work and non-work related factors contribute on fatigue

16 QGN16 is a guidance note Compliance with this Guidance Note may not be sufficient to ensure compliance with the requirements in the legislation. QGN16 tables summarise level of risk and types of controls suggested to reduce risk not the be all and end all

17 the risk factors listed in QGN16 are not the only risk factors that need to be considered the risk factors in QGN16 are not necessarily individual factors usual risk matrix should be used - not the table style provided in QGN16

18 Number of consecutive night shifts Number of hours in a shift Number of working hours in a work week (day shifts) Day shift start times (must be considered with commute time factors 5 & 6) Daily commute time or journey time Commute at the beginning & end of a series of shifts Individual factors influencing sleep Scheduling of work Breaks during a shift Breaks between work periods Total hours in 4 week period Mentally demanding work Physically and/or physiologically demanding work Work area conditions (health & other hazards) Split shifts or variable shifts Seasonal work arrangements - hours worked Drug & alcohol management # consecutive day shifts # working hours night shift # consecutive shifts in a changeover roster commute - more than just distance individual factors - not just sleep disorders; not always voluntary sleep environment work demands - vary across shift, across roster cycle, among tasks overtime emergencies leave

19 Risk Rank C1 Insignificant C2 Minor C3 Moderate C4 High C5 Rare L5 Almost certain L4 Likely M S S H H M M S H H L3 Possible L M S S H L2 Unlikely L L M S S L1 Rare L L M M S

20 Lower potential for fatigue does not equate to no fatigue

21 shift length shift start & finish times part of a changeover roster cycle? # of days off before/between shifts? consecutive # day shifts?

22 # consecutive shifts day shift vs night shift shift start & finish times part of a changeover roster cycle? # of days off before/between shifts?

23 # consecutive shifts night shift finish time? shift length hand over/pre start

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25 Current roster 3 days h pj 3 nights h 6 off Proposed roster 7 days h 7 off 7 nights h 7 off

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27 - are 3 consecutive 12.5h shifts equivalent to 7 consecutive 12.5h shifts - is a 7 on - 7 off roster equivalent to a 7 shift changeover roster?

28 Risk Factor Current roster (3 days on, pyjama day, 3 nights on, 6 days off) Proposed roster (7 days on, 7 days off, 7 nights on, 7 days off) Changes Risk rating Change Individual factors influencing sleep Yes Yes Some employees have risk factors that increase the potential for fatigue. This new roster design will not change this risk factor No change Individual factors are not just sleep apneasleeping during the day for more consecutive days - sleep environment - camp, different roster cycles - non voluntary factors

29 Risk Factor Current roster (3 days on, pyjama day, 3 nights on, 6 days off) Proposed roster (7 days on, 7 days off, 7 nights on, 7 days off) Changes Risk rating Change Monotony of tasks Variable dependent on role Variable dependent on role No change No change - susceptibility to fatigue - timing of tasks during roster cycle - is a 7 on - 7 off roster equivalent to a 7 shift changeover roster?

30 Risk Factor Current roster (3 days on, pyjama day, 3 nights on, 6 days off) Proposed roster (7 days on, 7 days off, 7 nights on, 7 days off) Changes Risk rating Change Commuting at the beginning & end of a series of shifts Variable dependent where employee lives Variable dependent where employee lives No change No change - is a 7 on - 7 off roster equivalent to a 7 shift changeover roster? - driving after 7 consecutive night shifts vs 3d/3n - driving to start night shift

31 Current roster 3 days h pj 3 nights h 6 off Proposed roster 7 days h 7 off 7 nights h 7 off

32 Current Proposed roster 7 days h 7 off 7 nights h 7 off Proposed Current roster 3 days h pj 3 nights h 6 off

33 Risk Factor Risk Factor Current roster Current Roster (7days on, (3 7 days days off, on, 7 nights pyjama on, 7 day, nights 3 off) nights on, 6 days off) Proposed roster (7 days on, 7 days off, 7 nights on, 7 days off) Proposed Roster (3 days on, pyjama day, 3 nights on, 6 days off) Changes Changes Risk rating Change Risk Rating Change Number of consecutive shifts 7 3 Decrease in consecutive shifts Decrease in risk from HIGH to LOW due to decrease in consecutive night shifts

34 Fatigue risk assessment There is more to fatigue than sleep-wake behaviour and sleep onset Risk assessments for fatigue need to be done without consideration of specific rosters Risk assessments for fatigue need to be detailed and cover all relevant aspects of fatigue Development of fatigue policies needs to be evidence-based

35 Naomi L. Rogers, PhD Specialist Fatigue Consultant