INTER-AMERICAN DRUG ABUSE CONTROL COMMISSION C I C A D
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1 INTER-AMERICAN DRUG ABUSE CONTROL COMMISSION C I C A D Secretariat for Multidimensional Security FIFTY-SECOND REGULAR SESSION November 28-30, 2012 San José, Costa Rica OEA/Ser.L/XIV.2.52 CICAD/doc.1979/12 28 November 2012 Original: English AMPHETAMINE-TYPE STIMULANTS (ATS) AND OTHER SYNTHETIC DRUGS GLOBAL AND HEMISPHERIC TRENDS MR. JUAN CARLOS ARANEDA PROJECT COORDINATOR GLOBAL SMART PROGRAMME LATIN AMERICA-UNODC ASSOCIATE STAFF MEMBER WITH OAS/SMS/CICAD
2 Amphetamine-Type Stimulants (ATS) and other synthetic drugs Global and Hemispheric Trends Fifty-Second Regular Session OAS/SMS/CICAD November 28-30, San José, Costa Rica Juan Carlos Araneda, Project Coordinator Global SMART Programme Latin America - UNODC Associate Staff Member with OAS/SMS/CICAD
3 Outline 1. The problem of the ATS and NPS 2. Seizures of ATS and Ecstasy 3. The response to the problem of the ATS and other synthetic drugs The Global SMART Programme 4. Main conclusions 5. Considerations for response and future challenges
4 1. The problem of the ATS and NPS
5 Weight (kilogram equivalents) Amphetamine-type stimulants seized worldwide, ,000 70,000 60,000 51,339 54,493 59,078 62,269 65,543 58,590 70,406 68,200 50,000 46,421 40,000 30,000 20,000 10, Totalª Amphetamine Methamphetamine "Ecstasy"-type substances Source: UNODC Database for Estimates and Long-term Trend Analysis (DELTA). a/ Including seized amphetamine, ecstasy -type substances, methamphetamine, non-specified amphetamine-type stimulants, other stimulants and prescription stimulants.
6 Annual prevalence (percentage) Annual prevalence of illicit drug use among the population aged 15-64, % Cannabis A TS (excluding "ecstasy") Ecstasy-gro up Co caine Opio ids Opiates Source: UNODC, 2012 World Drug Report, June 2012.
7 Regional overview North America: ATS laboratories, seizures and annual prevalence rates, * From 2007 onwards, reported prevalence percentage is based on midpoint of range. ** Cuarto Informe de Ejecución, 2011; NDIC, 2010b. - Not reported. Source: UNODC ARQ/DELTA
8 Regional overview South America, Central America and Caribbean: ATS laboratories, seizures and annual prevalence rates, * From 2007 onwards, reported prevalence percentage is based on midpoint of range.. - Not reported. Source: UNODC ARQ/DELTA
9 New psychoactive substances (NPS) New psychoactive substances ('bath salts, spice ) Pharmacological properties and effects similar to known illicit substances. Not controlled by the United Nations drug control treaties. Misleading labelling ( incense, plant food, bath salt, scented sachet ).
10 New psychoactive substances- an overview Ketamine Piperazines: BZP, mcpp, TFMPP Synthetic cathinones: Mephedrone, MDPV, flephedrone, naphyrone
11 New psychoactive substances- an overview Synthetic cannabinoids: JWH-122, spice, yucatan fire Plant-based substances: Kratom (mitragyna speciosa), Salvia divinorum
12 Emerging challenges New psychoactive substances Emerging precursors (e.g. PAA, esters of PAA) Information gaps: unknown origin (Asia? Packaging in Europe?), unknown chemical composition, variety of different physical forms (powder, pills), misleading labelling ( spice - synthetic cannabinoids?) Lack of systematic monitoring Results in low awareness and low identification of substances
13 2. Seizures of ATS and Ecstasy
14 ATS seizures on the rise, 2010 countries and territories reporting seizures* of more than 10 kg) Source: UNODC, World Drug Report, 2012.
15 Mixed trends for ecstasy seizures, 2010 (countries and territories reporting seizures* of more than 1 kg) Source: UNODC, World Drug Report, 2012.
16 3. The response to the problem of the ATS and other Synthetic Drugs
17 UNODC The Global S.M.A.R.T. Programme Synthetics Monitoring: Analyses, Reporting and Trends Objective: Member States are able to make effective evidence-based decisions to counter the problem of synthetic drugs Outcome 1: Generate and manage information on synthetic and other drugs. Outcome 2: Drug information analysed and reported on at national, regional and global level. Outcome 3: Drug information is used by countries for evidence-based policy and strategic/ tactical interventions. Features of UNODC Global SMART: Online data collection Situation reports Regional assessments
18 Latin America is a priority region for the SMART project MoU UNODC and CICAD, January 2011 Countries who are participating in the SMART programme from September 2011 Argentina Chile Colombia Costa Rica Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Mexico Panama Paraguay Peru Uruguay Venezuela SMART in Latin America West Africa: ATS situation report Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam SMART Scoping study, Pacific region The actions of this project in Latin America are possible through the support of Canada and the U.S.
19 Global SMART- a source of global and regional reports on synthetic drugs
20 The Global SMART Update- Global synthetic drugs monitoring, 2x per year, available in English and Spanish
21 Global SMART Update, Volume 7 Special segment of SMART Update highlights topical issue, Volume 7 changing approach of illicit ATS manufacture- highly relevant for Latin America and methamphetamine manufacture Available at:
22 Global SMART Programme Latin America: Activities conducted Informationgeneration 2. Reporting 3. Regional Meetings
23 4. Main Conclusions The production, trafficking, and consumption of ATS, particularly methamphetamine, is a serious global problem, but also a major problem in many countries of the Americas.
24 Special attention should be paid to chemical precursors - the raw material for the manufacture of synthetic drugs In Latin America: less knowledge by authorities and general public about their chemical composition and the harmful effects on consumers Increasing traffic, production, and consumption of synthetics affects all countries of the Americas Main Conclusions SEDRONAR, Argentina Brazilian Federal Police
25 5. Considerations for response and future challenges The constitution of a group of experts in the field of synthetic drugs and new drugs would allow a detailed assessment of the problem in the region and would set the necessary recommendations for a comprehensive approach. The incorporation of new countries, collecting updated information on synthetic drugs, and disseminating this information are the main future challenges of the SMART Programme in Latin America. SEDRONAR, Argentina
26 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION UNODC Global SMART Programme More sources for ATS information
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