Thyroid Thyroid Hormones Calcitonin. Thymus Thymosins. Liver IGF-1 Pancreas Insulin Glucagon. Males: 2 Testicles. 2. Estradiol

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1 Hormones Calcitonin Liver IGF-1 Pancreas Glucagon Hypothalamus Vasopressin Oxytocin TRH Thymus Thymosins Males: 2 Testicles Testosterone Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) Estrogens Progesterone Pineal Gland Melatonin Epithalon Anterior Pituitary GH MSH ACTH LH, FSH TSH 4 Parathyroid Glands Parathormone 2 Adrenal Glands (Cortex) DHEA Cortisol Aldosterone MED-MEDRF Medica IRF com 2 Kidneys Erythropoietin Females: 2 Ovaries Estrogens Progesterone Top Hormones helpful To Reverse aging 4. hormones Lean face, lean body 5. Vasopressin/ 6. Aldosterone 1. IGF-1-Growth hormone Thick hair, skin, muscles; 2. Testosterone Leanness Muscled body 2. Estradiol masculine body Normal (undeep) eyes, Smooth skin 7. Cortisol No age spots 8. Melanotan II Dark skin Firm thighs Feminine body Beautiful breasts Progesterone No excess breasts 3. (longacting) Firm arms, skin Firm buttocks Hypothalamus Vasopressin Oxytocin Secreted into the bloodstream at the level of the pituitary gland Vasopressin-poor Tiny skin folds Vasopressin-rich Oxytocin-poor Oxytocin-rich Dehydrated skin Skin folds more visible when pulling on the skin Sunken eyes Tiny skin folds Smooth skin Sharp forehead wrinkles Sharp nasolabial fold 1

2 GH treatment: The change! BEFORE AFTER 2 months GH & 4 months TESTO Anterior Pituitary Growth Hormone MSH ACTH LH, FSH TSH GH treatment: The change! GH treatment: The change! Obesity Typical changes of body composition is shown with DXA during GH replacement therapy in a patient of 42 years with 18 years untreated GH deficiency initial condition 10 GH replacement since 2 years MSH (Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone) Anterior Pituitary 2

3 Melatonin deficiency Pineal Gland Melatonin Epithalon During the day Tired sleepy tensed Premature aging Melatonin sufficient Hormone Calcitonin therrapy deficiency Physical signs are more important in the morning sufficient Puffy face, swollen lower eyelids Swollen hands and feet Morning or at rest (longtime sitting In the evening: looks best, much deflated Kara Goucher, middle distance and long distance runner 3

4 Accumulation of organo-chlorines => thyroid function (may be set free by low calorie diet) SUBJECTS: morbidly obese patients => "zero calorie" diets often weeks => release of organochlorines, accumulated in the fat tissue of the dieters over years & are now liberated within months => Self-intoxication! => sudden thyroid fn (Pelletier. 2002; Tremblay. 2004; Hue. 2006). HCB & PCB=> thyroid function (may be set free by low calorie diet) SUBJECTS: Morbidly obese patients RESULTS Pelletier et al found stat. sign. negative assoc. between serum active thyroid hormone T3 & the amount of... hexachlorobenzene (HCB), which was used as a pesticide until 1965 in the production of rubber, aluminum, & dyes in wood preservation currently formed as a byproduct during the manufacture of other chemicals, mainly solvents and pesticides *PCB 156, one of the members of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals that has now been banned from industrial insulators and lubricants, because of substantial evidence of its carcinogenic & neurotoxic effects Thymosin-alpha-1 deficient Infected, inflammed Thymus Thymosin-alpha-1 sufficient Thymosins Adrenal cortex 2 Adrenal Glands (Cortex) DHEA Cortisol Aldosterone Adrenal cortex *Cortisol => provides energy, takes inflammation away Adrenal medulla.. Adrenal medulla *DHEA => builds up, protects against cortisol catabolism *Aldosterone => keeps blood pressure up /water in the body 4

5 Cortisol Deficiency Adequate Cortisol Cortisol & DHEA Deficiency Adequate Cortisol & DHEA DHEA => visceral & subcutaneous fat in elderly persons Aldosterone deficiency In a 6-month study of elderly people, researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis found that the hormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) significantly reduced abdominal fat and improved insulin action. Desire to lay down Before and after MRI images of a crosssection of a patient s abdomen in the clinical trial of DHEA show the reduction in visceral and subcutaneous fat. Low aldosterone => low blood pressure 2 Kidneys 2 Kidneys: Erythropoietin 5

6 EPO supplemented athlete? Runner of ultramarathons EPO is ideal for endurance efforts IGF-1 Deficiency IGF-1 Excess Liver IGF-1 Pancreas Glucagon excess => <= deficit 6

7 Deficient Excess Estrogens Progesterone Testosterone Females: 2 Ovaries Sufficient After pregnancy Slight estrogen & progesterone deficiency Women with Prior pregnancy => lower serum E2 metabolites SUBJECTS: healthy, premenop. women, 411 women age yrs => biomarkers of ovarian fn (daily urinary metabolites of estrogen & progesterone) => about 1,500 cycles RESULTS: Estrogen metabolite levels Research at the University of St. Andrews Hair volume elevations of 10-13% in both baseline (days 1-5) & average follicular-phase estrogen metabolite levels in cycles + short follicular phase 7-13% higher in the follicular & luteal phases in Hispanics > whites, slightly higher > nonwhite, non-hispanic women (primarily Asians). lower in women + prior pregnancy lower in women + later age at menarche *Epidemiology Nov;13(6): Ovarian hormones in premenopausal women: variation by demographic, reproductive and menstrual cycle characteristics. 41 Windham GC, Elkin E, Fenster L, Waller K, Anderson M, Mitchell PR, Lasley B, Swan SH. Department of Health Services, Division of Environmental and Occupational Disease Control, Oakland, CA 94612, USA. gwindham@dhs.ca.gov low estrogen levels women + high levels of estrogen Men tended to rate women with higher levels of estrogen as more attractive, healthier & more feminine-looking Rose cheeks Volume of face 7

8 Estrogen Deficiency Estrogen Excess Testosterone-poor Testosterone -sufficient rich Oral contraceptives -> saliva testosterone but do not affect the testosterone associated with athletic competition Abstract Women athletes from intercollegiate socce Non Serum volleyball, and softball teams, and women users testosterone amateur roller derby league => saliva skaters from a team competing in an (pg/ml) samples before warm-up and immediately Oral after the completion of one or more Contraceptives sanctioned competitions. users RESULTS: Women using oral contraceptives (OCs, = 29) had a significantly lower mean lev of saliva testosterone (T) than non-users (n = 51). =>OC use is likely to contribute to individual differences in measures of psychological processes and/or behavior which are causally related to individual differences in circulating testosterone. Whether for soccer, volleyball, softball, *Oral contraceptives decrease saliva testosterone or roller derby, but do competition not affect was the rise in testosterone associated with athletic associated competition with a robust increase in *David A. Edwards,, J. Laurel O'Neal Department saliva T. of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA Although OC users had significantly lowe l l l h b f d Testosterone deficiency after ovarierrectomy in women Test 2 Testicles Testosterone Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) Estrogens Progesterone 8

9 Testosterone deficient Testosterone improved Testosterone provides a masculine body 9