Optical Illusions and Human Visual System: Can we reveal more? CIS Micro-Grant Executive Report and Summary of Results
|
|
- Conrad Eaton
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Optical Illusions and Human Visual System: Can we reveal more? CIS Micro-Grant 2011 Executive Report and Summary of Results Prepared By: Principal Investigator: Siddharth Khullar 1, Ph.D. Candidate 1. Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science Submitted to: Prof. John Schott, Director, CIS, RIT. 1
2 1. Abstract Illusions may be described as the stimuli that exist at the extremes of our visual system s evolution profile, making them difficult to handle. There is no unique cause for optical illusions in the visual system; they may be a result of assumptions made by the visual system or interestingly, represent an active recalibration. We examined the low-level and behavioral response of the visual system to perceiving a particular type of optical illusion known as the motion after effect (MAE). Preliminary data was collected from a group of 15 healthy subjects with normal (or corrected vision) using a SMI eye-tracker setup. Each subject was presented with the illusory stimuli on a computer screen and was asked to compare the perceived effect to a group of control stimuli. The subjects were presented the illusion as multiple trials of unguided and guided eye movements. Each subject s response was recorded as behavioral and eye-tracking data. We analyzed the behavioral data for particular patterns based on the unguided and variants of guided eye movements. The eye-tracking data was used to create the stimulus for the guided trials. Various hypothesis and the results of our experiment are presented in this executive report in addition to the limitations associated with experiment design and future work for improvement. 1. Background The Waterfall illusion can be explained by this theory where objects seem to move upward in an illusory sense, after the observer has looked at a waterfall for considerable amount of time. This illusion is a consequent result of increased firing rate of competing neurons, which produces the illusion of stationary things to crawl upwards. First findings of this fatigue explanation were reported in [1] in 1963 and later confirmed by PET and fmri studies by [2], [3] respectively. Although this explanation plausible, but not necessarily the only reason for aftereffect illusion. Wohlgemuth [4] showed that even if the eyes are closed after viewing the waterfall [1], and then opened after a while, the effect can be still be well observed. In 1965, McCollough discovered how viewing colored stripes at specific orientations can result in aftereffect illusions that last for days, which further raised questions about the fatigue theory. Conclusively, it can be said that the motion aftereffect is still not properly understood and its proper reasoning is yet to be established. A comprehensive history and studies related to this particular illusion can be found in [5] 2. Hypothesis In this study, we initially proposed to investigate the underlying phenomenology that causes the MAE illusion using a multi-modal setup comprised of a 64-channel EEG machine and an eye-tracker. However, in the best interest of this project, we first validated our initial experiment design by conducting a pilot-study. This study was run using the eye-tracker only in order to avoid complexity by using two modalities together. Furthermore, our perceived goal through this study was revised in order to exploit the illusion itself. In order to identify if there occurs a lapse in severity of its effect when 2
3 viewed simultaneously with another real moving stimulus, subjects were presented with another moving stimulus at the instant they experienced the static illusion. We hypothesize that there may exist a rivalry between the attention and visual networks of the brain if an illusory and a real moving stimulus are presented simultaneously. The ultimate goal of our experiment was to investigate if by adding a real moving stimulus, the perceived effect of the illusory stimulus gets alleviated. Using the eye-tracker, we were able to record each subject s eye-movements in response to viewing the MAE illusion. The co-ordinates of these gaze patterns were then used to present a moving circular stimulus. We recorded behavioral results where each subject compared their personal experience of illusion s severity to ten different control stimuli created to depict the static illusion s motion patterns. 3. Experiment Design The experiment comprised five different paradigms for each subject. There were 4 trials for every paradigm where a trial comprised calibration, stimulus presentation, and lastly behavioral response. In our experiment, a trial further is defined as a combination of the following three events (1) Rotating trizonal plates presented for T s secs, (2) Static image presented for T im seconds, and (3) Neutral grey screen (rest period) presented for T r seconds. Figure 1: Experiment Design. The visual stimuli were presented in a block sequence as shown in Fig. 1. Each paradigm consisted of 4 trials with T s є (15s, 30s, 45s, 60s), T im є (6s, 8s, 10s, 12s), and T r є (6s, 8s, 10s, 12s) as presented in Fig. 1(a). The lengths for T s were picked arbitrarily whereas the other two were estimated through a calibration experiment on 10 separate subjects. We estimated that on average, the period that the MAE illusion lasted for varies linearly with length of the trizonal plate presentation time (T s ) by a factor of 2. We took advantage of this fact, and presented two static images- one of a rock and another of grey screen over this period. This was done in order to record the eye-tracking patterns 3
4 when the subjects view a real-world image as well as when they are just observing a grey screen. We were interested in investigating the eye-movements during the neutral grey screen viewing while the illusion was still under play. This process is illustrated in Fig. 1 (b). As mentioned before, we utilized 5 different paradigms to investigate our hypothesis that are briefly explained here and illustrated in Fig. 2. (A) Unguided: subject was asked to view and experience the MAE illusion naturally without looking away from the screen. (B) Fixated: subject fixated at a static red dot placed in the center of the static rock image. (C) Guided Rock: The saccade and gaze patterns were extracted from the T im time-frame (while they viewed the rock image) from (a) and utilized as motion vectors for a circular black dot. The moving black dot was then overlaid the static rock image and presented during the new T im. (D) Guided Rest: Same as (c) except the motion vectors used here were extracted from saccade/gaze patterns from the T r time frame. (E) Guided Random: Same as (c) except the motion vectors used here were extracted from participants other than the subject population. 4. Results Figure 2: Paradigm Design. This study was conducted with a few clearly defined goals and few future directions under consideration. As mentioned before, one of the primary goals we attempted to address in this study was to validate and optimize an experiment design that may be suitable for the future directions of this work. We analyzed the behavioral responses of 14 subjects and did not find any specific patterns that were statistically significant (p < 0.05). We expected to see reduced effect of the illusion for paradigms (C), (D) and (E) in no specific order as presented in Fig. 3. However, the actual measurements were extremely noisy and the behavioral results varied from person-to-person. In some cases, they were completely counter-intuitive. These observations provided us with constructive ideas about the design of various control stimuli and possibly signaling towards a need for a control experiment in order to 4
5 rank the control stimuli prior to using them in an actual experiment setting. This will be done for the future work. Figure 3: Expected results Overall, we were able to achieve the following milestones through this research study: 1. A strong understanding of the MAE illusion in conjunction to eye-movement patterns for a group of 15 subjects. 2. Identify loop-holes in our experiment design and other aspects of designing a subject-based study. 3. For the PI, valuable leadership skills through mentoring two undergraduate students by stimulating interest in functional brain imaging that is a new area for research at CIS. 5. Future Directions For the next experiment, we are interested in utilizing multiple modalities such as eyetracking, EEG, and fmri in order to acquire data with high temporal and spatial resolution as well as eye-movement patterns in response to the new experiment design. Unfortunately, we were unable to acquire an EEG machine for the purpose of this pilot study after repeated attempts. The work done in the course of the project will be made available to RIT and CIS students in form of a technical report or a white paper. This research will be presented at various group meetings such as the CIS weekly seminar and the weekly IS&T meetings. This will help gain interest and support for writing grants to external funding agencies such as NSF and NIH for further extension of research. If feasible, this research will be presented at the prestigious Imagine RIT innovation festival. We plan to achieve the following milestones in the future: 5
6 4. Identifying unique patterns that may be strongly associated with perceiving illusory motion across a range of subjects and patterns that are unique to the whole group. 5. Submit a full-scale conference paper highlighting the findings of this pilot study in addition to our multi-modal experiment to a prestigious neuroscience conference such as Annual meeting Society for Neuroscience (SfN) or Organization for the Human brain Mapping 6. Make the recorded EEG, eye-tracking and fmri data available openly for free use by researchers in the field of imaging and signal processing. The long term goal, as mentioned before, is being able to develop a model that is representative of the reverse process involved in perceiving illusions. Such a visual stimulus/process could be finally used to alleviate the whirling or spinning sensations experienced by a vertigo patient. Such a stimulus could be packaged in form of a mobile phone application and distributed easily as an open source product. We truly believe that there is a possible connection between how such illusions are perceived and some of the visual processing conditions such as motion sickness and vertigo. Note that, we are not interested in handling conditions that are caused due to vestibular fluid s displacement and deviations. 4. Summary of Funds $300 used for paying subjects. 6 weeks of stipend for two undergraduate students ($3500). 5. References 1. Barlow, H.B. and Hill, R.M. (1963) Evidence for a physiological explanation for the waterfall phenomenon and figural aftereffects. Nature 200, Hautzel H, The motion after effect: more than area V5/MT? J. Brain Research, 892, pp ,( 2001). 3. Tootell, R.B.H. et al. (1995) Visual motion aftereffect in human cortical area MT revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging Nature 375, Wohlgemuth, A. (1911) On the aftereffect of seen movement. Br. J.Psychol. Monogr. (Suppl.) 1, Antis, A. (1998) The motion aftereffect. Trends in Cog. Sci,2(3),
A THEORY OF MCCOLLOUGH EFFECT AND. CHUN CHIANG Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica
A THEORY OF MCCOLLOUGH EFFECT AND CONTINGENT AFTER-EFFECT CHUN CHIANG Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica A model is advanced to explain the McCollough effect and the contingent motion after-effect.
More informationAttention Response Functions: Characterizing Brain Areas Using fmri Activation during Parametric Variations of Attentional Load
Attention Response Functions: Characterizing Brain Areas Using fmri Activation during Parametric Variations of Attentional Load Intro Examine attention response functions Compare an attention-demanding
More informationNeuroimaging. BIE601 Advanced Biological Engineering Dr. Boonserm Kaewkamnerdpong Biological Engineering Program, KMUTT. Human Brain Mapping
11/8/2013 Neuroimaging N i i BIE601 Advanced Biological Engineering Dr. Boonserm Kaewkamnerdpong Biological Engineering Program, KMUTT 2 Human Brain Mapping H Human m n brain br in m mapping ppin can nb
More informationAn fmri Phantom Based on Electric Field Alignment of Molecular Dipoles
An fmri Phantom Based on Electric Field Alignment of Molecular Dipoles Innovative Graduate Student Proposal Yujie Qiu, Principal Investigator, Graduate Student Joseph Hornak, Faculty Sponsor, Thesis Advisor
More informationThe Central Nervous System
The Central Nervous System Cellular Basis. Neural Communication. Major Structures. Principles & Methods. Principles of Neural Organization Big Question #1: Representation. How is the external world coded
More informationFrank Tong. Department of Psychology Green Hall Princeton University Princeton, NJ 08544
Frank Tong Department of Psychology Green Hall Princeton University Princeton, NJ 08544 Office: Room 3-N-2B Telephone: 609-258-2652 Fax: 609-258-1113 Email: ftong@princeton.edu Graduate School Applicants
More informationRules of apparent motion: The shortest-path constraint: objects will take the shortest path between flashed positions.
Rules of apparent motion: The shortest-path constraint: objects will take the shortest path between flashed positions. The box interrupts the apparent motion. The box interrupts the apparent motion.
More informationPHYSICS OF MRI ACQUISITION. Alternatives to BOLD for fmri
PHYSICS OF MRI ACQUISITION Quick Review for fmri HST-583, Fall 2002 HST.583: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Data Acquisition and Analysis Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology
More informationVisual Selection and Attention
Visual Selection and Attention Retrieve Information Select what to observe No time to focus on every object Overt Selections Performed by eye movements Covert Selections Performed by visual attention 2
More informationCarnegie Mellon University Annual Progress Report: 2011 Formula Grant
Carnegie Mellon University Annual Progress Report: 2011 Formula Grant Reporting Period January 1, 2012 June 30, 2012 Formula Grant Overview The Carnegie Mellon University received $943,032 in formula funds
More informationCOGS 101A: Sensation and Perception
COGS 101A: Sensation and Perception 1 Virginia R. de Sa Department of Cognitive Science UCSD Lecture 6: Beyond V1 - Extrastriate cortex Chapter 4 Course Information 2 Class web page: http://cogsci.ucsd.edu/
More information(Visual) Attention. October 3, PSY Visual Attention 1
(Visual) Attention Perception and awareness of a visual object seems to involve attending to the object. Do we have to attend to an object to perceive it? Some tasks seem to proceed with little or no attention
More informationKey questions about attention
Key questions about attention How does attention affect behavioral performance? Can attention affect the appearance of things? How does spatial and feature-based attention affect neuronal responses in
More informationHST 583 fmri DATA ANALYSIS AND ACQUISITION
HST 583 fmri DATA ANALYSIS AND ACQUISITION Neural Signal Processing for Functional Neuroimaging Neuroscience Statistics Research Laboratory Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School/MIT Division
More informationA Multimodal Paradigm for Investigating the Perisaccadic Temporal Inversion Effect in Vision
A Multimodal Paradigm for Investigating the Perisaccadic Temporal Inversion Effect in Vision Leo G. Trottier (leo@cogsci.ucsd.edu) Virginia R. de Sa (desa@cogsci.ucsd.edu) Department of Cognitive Science,
More informationShining in the Center: Central Gaze Cascade Effect on Product Choice
Shining in the Center: Central Gaze Cascade Effect on Product Choice Selin Atalay H. Onur Bodur Dina Rasolofoarison Danny Purpose: How can eye-tracking be used to explain the process underlying consumers
More informationAFOSR PI Meeting Dec 1-3, 2014 Program Director: Dr. Darema Dynamic Integration of Motion and Neural Data to Capture Human Behavior
AFOSR PI Meeting Dec 1-3, 2014 Program Director: Dr. Darema Dynamic Integration of Motion and Neural Data to Capture Human Behavior Dimitris Metaxas(PI, Rutgers) D. Pantazis (co-pi, Head MEG Lab, MIT)
More information5th Mini-Symposium on Cognition, Decision-making and Social Function: In Memory of Kang Cheng
5th Mini-Symposium on Cognition, Decision-making and Social Function: In Memory of Kang Cheng 13:30-13:35 Opening 13:30 17:30 13:35-14:00 Metacognition in Value-based Decision-making Dr. Xiaohong Wan (Beijing
More informationAC : USABILITY EVALUATION OF A PROBLEM SOLVING ENVIRONMENT FOR AUTOMATED SYSTEM INTEGRATION EDUCA- TION USING EYE-TRACKING
AC 2012-4422: USABILITY EVALUATION OF A PROBLEM SOLVING ENVIRONMENT FOR AUTOMATED SYSTEM INTEGRATION EDUCA- TION USING EYE-TRACKING Punit Deotale, Texas A&M University Dr. Sheng-Jen Tony Hsieh, Texas A&M
More informationPsych 333, Winter 2008, Instructor Boynton, Exam 2
Name: ID # ID: A Psych 333, Winter 2008, Instructor Boynton, Exam 2 Multiple Choice (38 questions, 1 point each) Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
More informationMethods to examine brain activity associated with emotional states and traits
Methods to examine brain activity associated with emotional states and traits Brain electrical activity methods description and explanation of method state effects trait effects Positron emission tomography
More informationProf. Greg Francis 7/31/15
s PSY 200 Greg Francis Lecture 06 How do you recognize your grandmother? Action potential With enough excitatory input, a cell produces an action potential that sends a signal down its axon to other cells
More informationCOGS 101A: Sensation and Perception
COGS 101A: Sensation and Perception 1 Virginia R. de Sa Department of Cognitive Science UCSD Lecture 5: LGN and V1: Magno and Parvo streams Chapter 3 Course Information 2 Class web page: http://cogsci.ucsd.edu/
More informationCoordination in Sensory Integration
15 Coordination in Sensory Integration Jochen Triesch, Constantin Rothkopf, and Thomas Weisswange Abstract Effective perception requires the integration of many noisy and ambiguous sensory signals across
More informationEEG Wave of the Future: The Video-EEG and fmri Suite?
Current Literature In Clinical Science EEG Wave of the Future: The Video-EEG and fmri Suite? Mapping Preictal and Ictal Haemodynamic Networks Using Video-Electroencephalography and Functional Imaging.
More informationThe influence of visual motion on fast reaching movements to a stationary object
Supplemental materials for: The influence of visual motion on fast reaching movements to a stationary object David Whitney*, David A. Westwood, & Melvyn A. Goodale* *Group on Action and Perception, The
More informationPHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS
DEPARTMENT OF VISION SCIENCES SESSION: 2004/2005 DIET: 2ND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS VISP325 LEVEL: 3: MODULE LEADER: PROF G HERON B.Sc./B.Sc. (HONS) OPTOMETRY AUGUST 2005 DURATION: 3 HOURS CANDIDATES SHOULD
More informationMSc Neuroimaging for Clinical & Cognitive Neuroscience
MSc Neuroimaging for Clinical & Cognitive Neuroscience School of Psychological Sciences Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences Module Information *Please note that this is a sample guide to modules. The exact
More informationLISC-322 Neuroscience Cortical Organization
LISC-322 Neuroscience Cortical Organization THE VISUAL SYSTEM Higher Visual Processing Martin Paré Assistant Professor Physiology & Psychology Most of the cortex that covers the cerebral hemispheres is
More informationfmri: What Does It Measure?
fmri: What Does It Measure? Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/02/2018: Lecture 02-1 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create
More informationChanging expectations about speed alters perceived motion direction
Current Biology, in press Supplemental Information: Changing expectations about speed alters perceived motion direction Grigorios Sotiropoulos, Aaron R. Seitz, and Peggy Seriès Supplemental Data Detailed
More informationCognitive Science (COG SCI)
University of California, Berkeley 1 Cognitive Science (COG SCI) Courses Expand all course descriptions [+]Collapse all course descriptions [-] COG SCI 1 Introduction to Cognitive Science 4 Terms offered:
More information25/09/2012. Capgras Syndrome. Chapter 2. Capgras Syndrome - 2. The Neural Basis of Cognition
Chapter 2 The Neural Basis of Cognition Capgras Syndrome Alzheimer s patients & others delusion that significant others are robots or impersonators - paranoia Two brain systems for facial recognition -
More informationlateral organization: maps
lateral organization Lateral organization & computation cont d Why the organization? The level of abstraction? Keep similar features together for feedforward integration. Lateral computations to group
More informationSupplementary Note Psychophysics:
Supplementary Note More detailed description of MM s subjective experiences can be found on Mike May s Perceptions Home Page, http://www.senderogroup.com/perception.htm Psychophysics: The spatial CSF was
More informationSensory Adaptation within a Bayesian Framework for Perception
presented at: NIPS-05, Vancouver BC Canada, Dec 2005. published in: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems eds. Y. Weiss, B. Schölkopf, and J. Platt volume 18, pages 1291-1298, May 2006 MIT
More informationCompeting Streams at the Cocktail Party
Competing Streams at the Cocktail Party A Neural and Behavioral Study of Auditory Attention Jonathan Z. Simon Neuroscience and Cognitive Sciences / Biology / Electrical & Computer Engineering University
More informationID# Exam 1 PS 325, Fall 2003
ID# Exam 1 PS 325, Fall 2003 Read each question carefully and answer it completely. Pay careful attention to the point value of questions so that you allocate your time appropriately (1 point = 1 minute).
More informationHebbian Plasticity for Improving Perceptual Decisions
Hebbian Plasticity for Improving Perceptual Decisions Tsung-Ren Huang Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University trhuang@ntu.edu.tw Abstract Shibata et al. reported that humans could learn to
More informationConsciousness The final frontier!
Consciousness The final frontier! How to Define it??? awareness perception - automatic and controlled memory - implicit and explicit ability to tell us about experiencing it attention. And the bottleneck
More informationLatency differences and the flash-lag effect
Vision Research 43 (2003) 1829 1835 www.elsevier.com/locate/visres Latency differences and the flash-lag effect Derek H. Arnold a,b, *, Szonya Durant a,c, Alan Johnston a,b,c a Department of Psychology,
More informationThe perception of motion transparency: A signal-to-noise limit
Vision Research 45 (2005) 1877 1884 www.elsevier.com/locate/visres The perception of motion transparency: A signal-to-noise limit Mark Edwards *, John A. Greenwood School of Psychology, Australian National
More informationPostural Sway with Illusory Motion Induced by Static Visual Stimuli in Migraineurs and Normal Controls
KEER2014, LINKÖPING JUNE 11-13 2014 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON KANSEI ENGINEERING AND EMOTION RESEARCH Postural Sway with Illusory Motion Induced by Static Visual Stimuli in Migraineurs and Normal Controls
More informationCh 5. Perception and Encoding
Ch 5. Perception and Encoding Cognitive Neuroscience: The Biology of the Mind, 2 nd Ed., M. S. Gazzaniga, R. B. Ivry, and G. R. Mangun, Norton, 2002. Summarized by Y.-J. Park, M.-H. Kim, and B.-T. Zhang
More informationCOLOR DISTANCE ON MAPS
Supporting the creation of a national network of new generation of Cartography. COLOR DISTANCE ON MAPS Alzbeta Brychtova *, Arzu Coltekin **, Stanislav Popelka * * Palacký University in Olomouc Czech Republic
More informationThe role of perceived speed in vection: Does perceived speed modulate the jitter and oscillation advantages?
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers Faculty of Social Sciences 2014 The role of perceived speed in vection: Does perceived speed modulate the jitter and oscillation
More informationFlexible Retinotopy: Motion-Dependent Position Coding in the Visual Cortex
Flexible Retinotopy: Motion-Dependent Position Coding in the Visual Cortex David Whitney,* 1 Herbert C. Goltz, 2 Christopher G. Thomas, 1 Joseph S. Gati, 2 Ravi S. Menon, 2 Melvyn A. Goodale 1 1 The Department
More informationSelective Attention. Inattentional blindness [demo] Cocktail party phenomenon William James definition
Selective Attention Inattentional blindness [demo] Cocktail party phenomenon William James definition Everyone knows what attention is. It is the taking possession of the mind, in clear and vivid form,
More informationFunctional Elements and Networks in fmri
Functional Elements and Networks in fmri Jarkko Ylipaavalniemi 1, Eerika Savia 1,2, Ricardo Vigário 1 and Samuel Kaski 1,2 1- Helsinki University of Technology - Adaptive Informatics Research Centre 2-
More informationEye-tracking technology in low vision: implications for functional diagnosis and rehabilitation
Eye-tracking technology in low vision: implications for functional diagnosis and rehabilitation Chairs: Johan Pel Bård Dalhoi Dr.ir. Johan Pel is assistant professor at the department of Neuroscience,
More informationNeuroTracker Published Studies & Research
NeuroTracker Published Studies & Research Evidence of Relevance in Measurement, Learning and Transfer for Learning and Learning Related Conditions NeuroTracker evolved out of a pure science approach through
More informationIntroduction to Computational Neuroscience
Introduction to Computational Neuroscience Lecture 11: Attention & Decision making Lesson Title 1 Introduction 2 Structure and Function of the NS 3 Windows to the Brain 4 Data analysis 5 Data analysis
More informationChange Blindness. The greater the lie, the greater the chance that it will be believed.
Change Blindness The greater the lie, the greater the chance that it will be believed. (kurt@kloover.com) Department of Computer Science Rochester Institute of Technology 1 Definitions Seeing: the use
More informationCURRICULUM VITAE October 2016 J. Daniel McCarthy. Psychological Sciences Phone: (401) Brown University, Box 1821 Providence, RI 02912
Dan McCarthy s CV 1 CURRICULUM VITAE October 2016 J. Daniel McCarthy Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Email: dan_mccarthy@brown.edu Psychological Sciences Phone: (401) 863-3151 Brown University, Box
More informationThe Simon Effect as a Function of Temporal Overlap between Relevant and Irrelevant
University of North Florida UNF Digital Commons All Volumes (2001-2008) The Osprey Journal of Ideas and Inquiry 2008 The Simon Effect as a Function of Temporal Overlap between Relevant and Irrelevant Leslie
More informationCh 5. Perception and Encoding
Ch 5. Perception and Encoding Cognitive Neuroscience: The Biology of the Mind, 2 nd Ed., M. S. Gazzaniga,, R. B. Ivry,, and G. R. Mangun,, Norton, 2002. Summarized by Y.-J. Park, M.-H. Kim, and B.-T. Zhang
More informationOutline. Biological Psychology: Research Methods. Dr. Katherine Mickley Steinmetz
Biological Psychology: Research Methods Dr. Katherine Mickley Steinmetz Outline Neuroscience Methods Histology Electrophysiological Recordings Lesion Neuroimaging Neuroanatomy Histology: Brain structure
More informationComputational Models of Visual Attention: Bottom-Up and Top-Down. By: Soheil Borhani
Computational Models of Visual Attention: Bottom-Up and Top-Down By: Soheil Borhani Neural Mechanisms for Visual Attention 1. Visual information enter the primary visual cortex via lateral geniculate nucleus
More informationActions in the Eye: Dynamic Gaze Datasets and Learnt Saliency Models for Visual Recognition
Actions in the Eye: Dynamic Gaze Datasets and Learnt Saliency Models for Visual Recognition Stefan Mathe, Cristian Sminchisescu Presented by Mit Shah Motivation Current Computer Vision Annotations subjectively
More informationV1 (Chap 3, part II) Lecture 8. Jonathan Pillow Sensation & Perception (PSY 345 / NEU 325) Princeton University, Fall 2017
V1 (Chap 3, part II) Lecture 8 Jonathan Pillow Sensation & Perception (PSY 345 / NEU 325) Princeton University, Fall 2017 Topography: mapping of objects in space onto the visual cortex contralateral representation
More informationThe Attraction of Visual Attention to Texts in Real-World Scenes
The Attraction of Visual Attention to Texts in Real-World Scenes Hsueh-Cheng Wang (hchengwang@gmail.com) Marc Pomplun (marc@cs.umb.edu) Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts at Boston,
More informationDisruption of implicit perceptual memory by intervening neutral stimuli
Vision Research 47 (2007) 2675 2683 www.elsevier.com/locate/visres Disruption of implicit perceptual memory by intervening neutral stimuli Ryota Kanai a,b, *, Tomas H.J. Knapen c, Raymond van Ee c, Frans
More informationDisparity- and velocity- based signals for 3D motion perception in human MT+ Bas Rokers, Lawrence K. Cormack, and Alexander C. Huk
Disparity- and velocity- based signals for 3D motion perception in human MT+ Bas Rokers, Lawrence K. Cormack, and Alexander C. Huk Supplementary Materials fmri response (!% BOLD) ).5 CD versus STS 1 wedge
More informationCognitive Modelling Themes in Neural Computation. Tom Hartley
Cognitive Modelling Themes in Neural Computation Tom Hartley t.hartley@psychology.york.ac.uk Typical Model Neuron x i w ij x j =f(σw ij x j ) w jk x k McCulloch & Pitts (1943), Rosenblatt (1957) Net input:
More informationNatural Scene Statistics and Perception. W.S. Geisler
Natural Scene Statistics and Perception W.S. Geisler Some Important Visual Tasks Identification of objects and materials Navigation through the environment Estimation of motion trajectories and speeds
More informationFramework for Comparative Research on Relational Information Displays
Framework for Comparative Research on Relational Information Displays Sung Park and Richard Catrambone 2 School of Psychology & Graphics, Visualization, and Usability Center (GVU) Georgia Institute of
More informationM Cells. Why parallel pathways? P Cells. Where from the retina? Cortical visual processing. Announcements. Main visual pathway from retina to V1
Announcements exam 1 this Thursday! review session: Wednesday, 5:00-6:30pm, Meliora 203 Bryce s office hours: Wednesday, 3:30-5:30pm, Gleason https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zdw7pvgz0um M Cells M cells
More informationSupporting Information
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Supporting Information Variances and biases of absolute distributions were larger in the 2-line
More informationDo you have to look where you go? Gaze behaviour during spatial decision making
Do you have to look where you go? Gaze behaviour during spatial decision making Jan M. Wiener (jwiener@bournemouth.ac.uk) Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University Poole, BH12 5BB, UK Olivier De
More informationID# Exam 1 PS 325, Fall 2004
ID# Exam 1 PS 325, Fall 2004 As always, the Skidmore Honor Code is in effect. Read each question carefully and answer it completely. Multiple-choice questions are worth one point each, other questions
More informationFINAL PROGRESS REPORT
(1) Foreword (optional) (2) Table of Contents (if report is more than 10 pages) (3) List of Appendixes, Illustrations and Tables (if applicable) (4) Statement of the problem studied FINAL PROGRESS REPORT
More information35 Gedney Rd
Ryan E.B. Mruczek home address: phone, e-mail, and website: 35 Gedney Rd 401.573.3022 Lawrence, NJ 08648 rmruczek@unr.edu http://wolfweb.unr.edu/~rmruczek/ Academic Employment Research Scientist Department
More informationThe Neuroscience of Vision II
Striate Cortex (V1) is not Sufficient for Seeing The Neuroscience of Vision II Hubel and Wiesel conclude their 1968 paper by Where else is Visual Processing Performed? Beyond V1 An important step in identifying
More informationThe neurolinguistic toolbox Jonathan R. Brennan. Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 1
The neurolinguistic toolbox Jonathan R. Brennan Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 1 Psycholinguistics / Neurolinguistics Happy Hour!!! Tuesdays 7/11, 7/18, 7/25 5:30-6:30 PM @ the Boone Center
More informationIntroductory Motor Learning and Development Lab
Introductory Motor Learning and Development Lab Laboratory Equipment & Test Procedures. Motor learning and control historically has built its discipline through laboratory research. This has led to the
More informationshows syntax in his language. has a large neocortex, which explains his language abilities. shows remarkable cognitive abilities. all of the above.
Section: Chapter 14: Multiple Choice 1. Alex the parrot: pp.529-530 shows syntax in his language. has a large neocortex, which explains his language abilities. shows remarkable cognitive abilities. all
More informationIntroduction to Computational Neuroscience
Introduction to Computational Neuroscience Lecture 10: Brain-Computer Interfaces Ilya Kuzovkin So Far Stimulus So Far So Far Stimulus What are the neuroimaging techniques you know about? Stimulus So Far
More informationThe origins of localization
Association Cortex, Asymmetries, and Cortical Localization of Affective and Cognitive Functions Michael E. Goldberg, M.D. The origins of localization The concept that different parts of the brain did different
More informationProfessor Tom Troscianko
What can films teach us about vision? Professor Tom Troscianko Department of Experimental Psychology University of Bristol A general question What is a movie and why is it fun to watch? Some scientific
More informationLaurent Itti: CS564 Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence. Lecture 4: Experimental techniques in visual neuroscience. Reading Assignments: None!
CS 564 Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence Lecture 4: Experimental techniques in visual neuroscience Reading Assignments: None! 1 Today we will briefly review - electrophysiological recording and
More informationLecture 35 Association Cortices and Hemispheric Asymmetries -- M. Goldberg
Lecture 35 Association Cortices and Hemispheric Asymmetries -- M. Goldberg The concept that different parts of the brain did different things started with Spurzheim and Gall, whose phrenology became quite
More informationBeyond fmri. Joe Kable Summer Workshop on Decision Neuroscience August 21, 2009
Beyond fmri Joe Kable Summer Workshop on Decision Neuroscience August 21, 2009 What are the strengths of fmri?! Noninvasive, safe! Can be done in humans! Verified correlate of neural activity! Great spatio-temporal
More informationPresence and Perception: theoretical links & empirical evidence. Edwin Blake
Presence and Perception: theoretical links & empirical evidence Edwin Blake edwin@cs.uct.ac.za This Talk 2 Perception Bottom-up Top-down Integration Presence Bottom-up Top-down BIPs Presence arises from
More informationINTRODUCTION PURPOSE METHOD
INTRODUCTION Several authors have reported that individuals with aphasia have greater difficulty allocating attention according to task demands than people without neurological disorders (Hula & McNeil,
More informationEDGE DETECTION. Edge Detectors. ICS 280: Visual Perception
EDGE DETECTION Edge Detectors Slide 2 Convolution & Feature Detection Slide 3 Finds the slope First derivative Direction dependent Need many edge detectors for all orientation Second order derivatives
More informationAssociation Cortex, Asymmetries, and Cortical Localization of Affective and Cognitive Functions. Michael E. Goldberg, M.D.
Association Cortex, Asymmetries, and Cortical Localization of Affective and Cognitive Functions Michael E. Goldberg, M.D. The origins of localization The concept that different parts of the brain did different
More information2012 Course : The Statistician Brain: the Bayesian Revolution in Cognitive Science
2012 Course : The Statistician Brain: the Bayesian Revolution in Cognitive Science Stanislas Dehaene Chair in Experimental Cognitive Psychology Lecture No. 4 Constraints combination and selection of a
More informationAttention and Scene Perception
Theories of attention Techniques for studying scene perception Physiological basis of attention Attention and single cells Disorders of attention Scene recognition attention any of a large set of selection
More informationA: implicit, unconscious, tacit. The name for cognitive processes of which we lack awareness
A: implicit, unconscious, tacit The name for cognitive processes of which we lack awareness A: top-down The usually conscious influence of past experience on behavior A: circular reasoning Given 2 premises,
More informationArteSImit: Artefact Structural Learning through Imitation
ArteSImit: Artefact Structural Learning through Imitation (TU München, U Parma, U Tübingen, U Minho, KU Nijmegen) Goals Methodology Intermediate goals achieved so far Motivation Living artefacts will critically
More informationFACTORS AFFECTING THE SMOOTH PURSUIT OF A MOVING TARGET
FACTORS AFFECTING THE SMOOTH PURSUIT OF A MOVING TARGET Ben Ames, Kivi Dennis, Tracey Hoang, and Paul Jobson Clemson University Abstract In the past few years there has been little study on the role of
More informationMotion-induced blindness is influenced by global properties of the moving mask
Visual Cognition, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2013.875500 Motion-induced blindness is influenced by global properties of the moving mask Erika T. Wells 1 and Andrew B. Leber 2 1 Department
More informationClassic experiments in sensation and perception
1 Classic experiments in sensation and perception PSYC420/PSYC921: Advanced Topics in Cognitive Psychology Summary We will use the course to develop and design a number of classic experiments into online
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Moriguchi and Hiraki 10.1073/pnas.0809747106 SI Text Differences in Brain Activation Between Preswitch and Postswitch Phases. The paired t test was used to compare the brain activation
More informationComputational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN)
introduction people!s background? motivation for taking this course? Computational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN) Peggy Seriès, Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, University of Edinburgh, UK
More informationToward a more accurate delimitation of the epileptic focus from a surgical perspective
Toward a more accurate delimitation of the epileptic focus from a surgical perspective Margitta Seeck Department of Clinical Neurosciences EEG & Epilepsy Unit University Hospital of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
More informationBiomedical Imaging: Course syllabus
Biomedical Imaging: Course syllabus Dr. Felipe Orihuela Espina Term: Spring 2015 Table of Contents Description... 1 Objectives... 1 Skills and Abilities... 2 Notes... 2 Prerequisites... 2 Evaluation and
More informationTMS Disruption of Time Encoding in Human Primary Visual Cortex Molly Bryan Beauchamp Lab
TMS Disruption of Time Encoding in Human Primary Visual Cortex Molly Bryan Beauchamp Lab This report details my summer research project for the REU Theoretical and Computational Neuroscience program as
More informationNeural Correlation of Global-first Topological Perception: Anterior Temporal Lobe
Brain Imaging and Behavior (28) 2:39 317 DOI 1.17/s11682-8-939-y Neural Correlation of Global-first Topological Perception: Anterior Temporal Lobe Tiangang Zhou & Jun Zhang & Lin Chen Received: 8 April
More information