Intercellular indirect communication
|
|
|
- Barry Bryant
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Intercellular indirect communication transmission of chemical signals: sending cell signal transmitting tissue hormone medium receiving cell hormone intercellular fluid blood neurocrine neurotransmitter synaptic cleft
2 Intercellular indirect communication signal: also membrane-bound, not only secreted (juxtacrine action) adhesion receptors
3 Intercellular indirect connections signal: can be membrane-bound, not only secreted (juxtacrine action) adhesion receptors
4 Integrins a, b heterodimers 18 a, 8 b subunits, but only" in ~24 combinations Ca 2+ is needed for the stabilisation of the domain structure RGD: Arg-Gly-Asp
5 Integrins
6 Integrins
7 Integrins
8 Integrins C-term.: anchored to the cytoskeleton (actin, IF [a 6 b 4 ] ) initiate diverse signal transduction pathways extracellular conformational change: ON / OFF state (see later...)
9 Immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF [CAMs]) aa Ig domains, Ca-independent adhesion heterophilic connections to other adhesion receptors homophilic binding is also possible
![[CAMs]) cis andtrans](/docs-images/85/92231492/images/10-1.jpg "zippers strong adhesive")
10 Immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF [CAMs]) cis andtrans zippers strong adhesive force between cells
11 Selectins 1960 s : limfocyte homing transmembrane glycoproteins, spec. oligosaccharide binding sites (lectins) (CD26L, LECAM-1, LAM-1) E: endothelial cell P: platelet and endothelial cell L: leukocyte (CD26E, LECAM-2, ELAM-1) (CD26P, LECAM-3 Ca-dependent binding malfunctioning: allergy, psoriasis, MS, rheumathoid arthritis, graft vs host disease + malignacy
12 Cadherins Ca-dependent adhesion, homophilic connections: sorting out different cellular clusters; ~ 130 KDa classical, desmosomal and protocadherin subgroups (>350 types!)
13 Cadherins homophilic connections (desmosomal cadherins can form heterophilic connections, as well) classical: actin cytoskeleton; desmosomal: IF (Keratin) protocadherins (PCDHs): nonclustered / clustered / lipid or 7TM mainly within the CNS
14 Cadherins classical signaling: Wnt/b-catenin or small GTPases
15 Cadherins
16 special adhesion receptors: Notch / Delta lateral inhibition: selection of differentiating cells from a uniform layer of non-committed cells differentiating cell non-committed cell
17 special adhesion receptors: Notch / Delta
18 special adhesion receptors: Notch / Delta
19 special adhesion receptors: Notch / Delta multiple proteolysis: 4 cleavage sites Notch intracellular fragment (Nicd): transcription factor -> regulation of gene expression upon cellto-cell interactions ligand interaction cleavage
20 special adhesion receptors: Notch / Delta
21 special adhesion receptors: Notch / Delta
22 Importance of adhesion molecules in health and disease
23 Hemostasis "inside-out" signaling: changes in integrin affinity due to a confomational change (a 2 b 3 integrin) - damage -> a 2 b 1 collagen receptor binding -> ADP release, thrombin -> a 2 b 3 activation -> fibrinogen binding -> fibrin formation, coagulation
24 Hemostasis initiation extension - stabilisation - initiation by collagen platelet interactions (outside-in integrin signaling) - platelet activation by G protein coupled receptors (inside-out integrin signaling)
25 Hemostasis
26 NCAM / L1 and axonal elongation / pathfinding NCAM, L1: neuron-specific IgSF members frequent coreceptors: integrins, growth factors L1: semaphorin3a coreceptor; growth cone collapse, repellent signal PSA-NCAM: embryonic form (polisyalic acid) faster neurite extension NCAM: adult form; stabilisation of axons
27 NCAM / L1 and axonal elongation / pathfinding
28 Endothelial intercellular conncetions adhesion complexes: - tight junction - adherens junction - gap junctions - dezmosomes / hemidesmosomes
29 Focal adhesion (integrins) cell/ecm connection: "outside-in" signaling adhesion-dependent proliferation, migration or diapedesis (leukocyte infiltration) abnormal signaling: malignant transformation RGD motif: ECM components (proteoglycan, fibronectin, laminin, etc)
30 Hemidesmosomes epithelium / MB ECM connections: "outside-in" integrin signaling connections to the basal lamina (laminin): keratin filaments epidermolysis bullosa: abnormal hemidesmosome structure (a 6 / b 4 integrin, collagenvii, laminin-5 aberrant or loss-of-function variants)
31 Hemidesmosomes bullous pemphigoid (desmoglein auto-antobodies / mutations/ ectoproteases / aberrant endocytosis) : problems with desmosomal cadherin functions
32 Endothelium and leukocyte infiltration recording by Csépányi-Kömi Roland Semmelweis Medical University, Inst. Physiology, Budapest; Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, München
33 Endothelium and leukocyte infiltration recording by Csépányi-Kömi Roland Semmelweis Medical University, Inst. Physiology, Budapest; Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, München
34 Endothelium and leukocyte infiltration
35 Endothelium and leukocyte infiltration
36 Endothelium and leukocyte infiltration LAD (leukocyte adhesion deficiency): lack of b 2 integrin -> no leukocyte adhesion and lack of infiltration -> sever bacterial infections
37 Leukocyte adhesion / homing over-activation: inflammation, auto-immune diseases therapy? - anti-selectin antibody - blocking of selectins: excess ligand - selectin antagonists
38 Leukocyte adhesion / homing
39 Endothelium and leukocyte infiltration VE-cadherin: hexamer, strong adhesive force binds to vimentin and actin 1st step: endothelial adhesion connections weaken VE-cadherin endocytosis disconnection from the cytoskeleton
40 Endothelium and leukocyte infiltration 2nd step: diapedesis (infiltration) paracellular / junctional transmigration transcellular transmigration
41 premigratory stage Endothelium and leukocyte infiltration beginning of transmigration during transmigration
42 Endothelium and leukocyte infiltration end of transmigration
43 Endothelium and leukocyte infiltration
44 Epithelial-mezenchimal transition (EMT) changes in adhesive properties -> differentiation, sorting of different cell types, developmental cell migration neural crest: 1. induction 2. delamination 3. migration 4. differentiation E and N-cadherin, NCAM decrease, cadherin 7 and 11 expr. increase
45 Epithelial-mezenchimal transition (EMT) and metastasis normal, polarized epithelial cells
46 Epithelial-mezenchimal transition (EMT) and metastasis initial steps of intravasation E-cadherin, MMP E-cadherin functions collagen, integrin signaling, N-cadherin membrane ruffling
47 Epithelial-mezenchimal transition (EMT) and metastasis initial steps of intravasation
48 Epithelial-mezenchimal transition (EMT) and metastasis final steps of intravasation - lamellopodium/filopodium: horizontal migration over the MB - invadopodia: ventral migration across the MB adhesive ring + enhanced ECM degradation
49 Epithelial-mezenchimal transition (EMT) and metastasis final steps of intravasation
Dr Mahmood S Choudhery, PhD, Postdoc (USA) Assistant Professor Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine King Edward Medical University/Mayo
Integration of Cells into Tissues Dr Mahmood S Choudhery, PhD, Postdoc (USA) Assistant Professor Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital Lahore 1. How
CELL BIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH CELL JUNCTIONS AND TISSUES.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: CELL-CELL ADHESION Cells must be able to bind and interact with nearby cells in order to have functional and strong tissues Cells can in two main ways - Homophilic interactions
Cell Biology (BIOL 4374 and BCHS 4313) Third Exam 4/24/01
Cell Biology (BIOL 4374 and BCHS 4313) Third Exam 4/24/01 Name SS# This exam is worth a total of 100 points. The number of points each question is worth is shown in parentheses. For multiple choice questions,
Chapter 11 Intercellular Communication and Tissue Architecture
Part III Organization of Cell Populations Chapter 11 Multicellular organisms such as the human body consist of various tissues such as epithelial tissues, bones and nerves, and organs such as heart and
Cell Cell Communication
IBS 8102 Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology Cell Cell Communication January 29, 2008 Communicate What? Why do cells communicate? To govern or modify each other for the benefit of the organism differentiate
Cell Cell Communication
IBS 8102 Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology Cell Cell Communication January 29, 2008 Communicate What? Why do cells communicate? To govern or modify each other for the benefit of the organism differentiate
Histology = the study of tissues. Tissue = a complex of cells that have a common function
{ EPITHELIAL TISSUE Histology = the study of tissues Tissue = a complex of cells that have a common function The Four Primary Tissue Types: Epithelium (epithelial tissue) covers body surfaces, lines body
Lecture 13 - Intermediate filaments
02.12.10 Lecture 13 - Intermediate filaments Intermediate filaments Present in nearly all animals, but absent from plants and fungi Rope-like network of filaments in the cell Principle function is maintenance
In vitro scratch assay: method for analysis of cell migration in vitro labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)
In vitro scratch assay: method for analysis of cell migration in vitro labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) 1 Dr Saeb Aliwaini 13/11/2015 Migration in vivo Primary tumors are responsible for only about 10%
Synapse Formation. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Synapse Formation Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Course News Midterm Exam Monday, Nov 13 9:30-11:30am Bring a #2 pencil!! 2 Course News Lecture schedule: Mon (Oct 31)
The recruitment of leukocytes and plasma proteins from the blood to sites of infection and tissue injury is called inflammation
The migration of a particular type of leukocyte into a restricted type of tissue, or a tissue with an ongoing infection or injury, is often called leukocyte homing, and the general process of leukocyte
Characterization of Epithelial Cells
EPITHELIAL BIOLOGY Characterization of Epithelial Cells Gabriela Rodrigues Dept. Animal Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Lisboa Centre for Environmental Biology 2-6 July 2007 Gulbenkian Institute
Animal Tissue Culture SQG 3242 Biology of Cultured Cells. Dr. Siti Pauliena Mohd Bohari
Animal Tissue Culture SQG 3242 Biology of Cultured Cells Dr. Siti Pauliena Mohd Bohari The Culture Environment Changes of Cell s microenvironment needed that favor the spreading, migration, and proliferation
Plasma (cell) membrane
Plasma Membrane 1. Chemical composition of the plasmalemma 2. Models of cell membrane structure 3. Structure and functions of membrane proteins carriers (transporters) channels receptors 4. Cell coat (glycocalyx)
2013 W. H. Freeman and Company. 12 Signal Transduction
2013 W. H. Freeman and Company 12 Signal Transduction CHAPTER 12 Signal Transduction Key topics: General features of signal transduction Structure and function of G protein coupled receptors Structure
Inner ear development Nervous system development
Upcoming Sessions April 22: Nervous System Development Lecture April 24: Reviews of Axonal Pathfinding in Sensory Systems April 29: Inner Ear Development Lecture May 1: May 6: May 8: Auditory System Pathfinding
CMB621: Cytoskeleton. Also known as How the cell plays with LEGOs to ensure order, not chaos, is temporally and spatially achieved
CMB621: Cytoskeleton Also known as How the cell plays with LEGOs to ensure order, not chaos, is temporally and spatially achieved Lecture(s) Overview Lecture 1: What is the cytoskeleton? Membrane interaction
BIPN140 Lecture 13: Synapse Formation (Synaptogenesis)
BIPN140 Lecture 13: Synapse Formation (Synaptogenesis) 1. Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ) Development 2. Synaptogenesis at Central Synapses Su (FA16) Ultrastructural Image of an NMJ Active Zone Basal Lamina
The basic mechanism of increased microvascular permeability
Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology 2003,19 (4) : 549-553 549 [ ] 1000-4718 (2003) 04-0549 - 05 3, (, 510515) The basic mechanism of increased microvascular permeability ZHAO Ke - sen, HUANG Qiao - bing
Cell Membranes Valencia college
6 Cell Membranes Valencia college 6 Cell Membranes Chapter objectives: The Structure of a Biological Membrane The Plasma Membrane Involved in Cell Adhesion and Recognition Passive Processes of Membrane
Supplementary Figure 1.
Supplementary Figure 1. Increased expression of cell cycle pathway genes in insulin + Glut2 low cells of STZ-induced diabetic islets. A) random blood glucose measuers of STZ and vehicle treated MIP-GFP
Principles of Genetics and Molecular Biology
Cell signaling Dr. Diala Abu-Hassan, DDS, PhD School of Medicine Dr.abuhassand@gmail.com Principles of Genetics and Molecular Biology www.cs.montana.edu Modes of cell signaling Direct interaction of a
Neuronal guidance protein semaphorin 7A influences neutrophil arrest and aggravates inflammatory lung injury. Dr. Tiago Granja
Neuronal guidance protein semaphorin 7A influences neutrophil arrest and aggravates inflammatory lung injury Dr. Tiago Granja Neuronal guidance proteins (NGPs) force cells to move NPGs give axons and dendrites
Advanced Cell Biology. Lecture 36
Advanced Cell Biology. Lecture 36 Alexey Shipunov Minot State University May 3, 2013 Shipunov (MSU) Advanced Cell Biology. Lecture 36 May 3, 2013 1 / 43 Outline Questions and answers Cellular communities
VIII Curso Internacional del PIRRECV. Some molecular mechanisms of cancer
VIII Curso Internacional del PIRRECV Some molecular mechanisms of cancer Laboratorio de Comunicaciones Celulares, Centro FONDAP Estudios Moleculares de la Celula (CEMC), ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad
Tissues. Definition. A group of similar cells and their intercellular substances specialized to perform a specific function.
Chapter 4 - Tissues Tissues Definition A group of similar cells and their intercellular substances specialized to perform a specific function. Tissues Epithelial covers exposed surfaces, lines internal
Chapter 2 (pages 22 33): Cells and Tissues of the Immune System. Prepared by Kristen Dazy, MD, Scripps Clinic Medical Group
Allergy and Immunology Review Corner: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 8th Edition By Abul K. Abbas, MBBS; Andrew H. H. Lichtman, MD, PhD; and Shiv Pillai, MBBS, PhD. Chapter 2 (pages 22 33): Cells and
ground and enzymatically digested or mechanically homogenized. The EVs or total vesicles were
Supplementary Figure 1. Characterization of EVs from intestine. (a, b) Intestinal tissues were ground and enzymatically digested or mechanically homogenized. The EVs or total vesicles were isolated by
1.The metastatic cascade. 2.Pathologic features of metastasis. 3.Therapeutic ramifications
Metastasis 1.The metastatic cascade 2.Pathologic features of metastasis 3.Therapeutic ramifications Sir James Paget (1814-1899) British Surgeon/ Pathologist Paget s disease of bone Paget s disease of the
Test Bank for Basic Immunology Functions and Disorders of the Immune System 4th Edition by Abbas
Test Bank for Basic Immunology Functions and Disorders of the Immune System 4th Edition by Abbas Chapter 04: Antigen Recognition in the Adaptive Immune System Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Most T lymphocytes
Thanks to: Signal Transduction. BCB 570 "Signal Transduction" 4/8/08. Drena Dobbs, ISU 1. An Aging Biologist s. One Biologist s Perspective
BCB 570 "" Thanks to: One Biologist s Perspective Drena Dobbs BCB & GDCB Iowa State University Howard Booth Biology Eastern Michigan University for Slides modified from his lecture Cell-Cell Communication
I. Fluid Mosaic Model A. Biological membranes are lipid bilayers with associated proteins
Lecture 6: Membranes and Cell Transport Biological Membranes I. Fluid Mosaic Model A. Biological membranes are lipid bilayers with associated proteins 1. Characteristics a. Phospholipids form bilayers
The T cell receptor for MHC-associated peptide antigens
1 The T cell receptor for MHC-associated peptide antigens T lymphocytes have a dual specificity: they recognize polymporphic residues of self MHC molecules, and they also recognize residues of peptide
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) All of the following are synthesized along various sites of the endoplasmic reticulum
10/28/2013. Double bilayer of lipids with imbedded, dispersed proteins Bilayer consists of phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids
Structure of a Generalized Cell MEMBRANES Figure 3.1 Plasma Membrane Fluid Mosaic Model Separates intracellular fluids from extracellular fluids Plays a dynamic role in cellular activity Glycocalyx is
The Golgi Apparatus: Shipping and Receiving Center. The Golgi apparatus. Functions of the Golgi apparatus. Lysosomes: Digestive Compartments
The Golgi Apparatus: Shipping and Receiving Center The Golgi apparatus Receives (on the cis-side) many of the transport vesicles produced in the rough ER Consists of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae
BIOH111. o Cell Biology Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system
BIOH111 o Cell Biology Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1 Textbook
Cell Signaling (part 1)
15 Cell Signaling (part 1) Introduction Bacteria and unicellular eukaryotes respond to environmental signals and to signaling molecules secreted by other cells for mating and other communication. In multicellular
Enzyme-coupled Receptors. Cell-surface receptors 1. Ion-channel-coupled receptors 2. G-protein-coupled receptors 3. Enzyme-coupled receptors
Enzyme-coupled Receptors Cell-surface receptors 1. Ion-channel-coupled receptors 2. G-protein-coupled receptors 3. Enzyme-coupled receptors Cell-surface receptors allow a flow of ions across the plasma
A. Major parts 1. Nucleus 2. Cytoplasm a. Contain organelles (see below) 3. Plasma membrane (To be discussed in Cellular Transport Lecture)
Lecture 5: Cellular Biology I. Cell Theory Concepts: 1. Cells are the functional and structural units of living organisms 2. The activity of an organism is dependent on both the individual and collective
MBios 401/501: Lecture 12.1 Signaling IV. Slide 1
MBios 401/501: Lecture 12.1 Signaling IV Slide 1 Pathways that require regulated proteolysis 1. Notch and Delta 2. Wnt/ b-catenin 3. Hedgehog 4. NFk-B Our last topic on cell signaling are pathways that
Ch 2: The Cell. Goals: Anatomy of a typical cell Cell Membrane Discussion of internal structure of a cell with emphasis on the various organelles
Ch 2: The Cell Goals: Anatomy of a typical cell Cell Membrane Discussion of internal structure of a cell with emphasis on the various organelles Developed by John Gallagher, MS, DVM Some Terminology: 1.
Lecture Outline. Hormones & Chemical Signaling. Communication Basics: Overview. Communication Basics: Methods. Four methods of cell communication
Lecture Outline Hormones & Chemical Signaling Communication Basics Communication Overview Communication Methods Signal pathways Regulation (modulation) of signal pathways Homeostasis... again Endocrine
1. The metastatic cascade. 3. Pathologic features of metastasis. 4. Therapeutic ramifications. Which malignant cells will metastasize?
1. The metastatic cascade 3. Pathologic features of metastasis 4. Therapeutic ramifications Sir James Paget (1814-1899) British Surgeon/ Pathologist Paget s disease of Paget s disease of the nipple (intraductal
B-cells cell cycle phase of excitation 165 cell-cell interactions contacts regulating proliferation and differentiation
.... Subject Index Acidic fibroblast growth factor, role in invasive cell phenotype 147 Amphiregulin epidermal growth factor prototype 123 high affinity for epidermal growth factor receptor 124 Antigen,
(a) TEM of a plasma. Fimbriae. Nucleoid. Ribosomes. Plasma membrane. Cell wall Capsule. Bacterial chromosome
0 m m 0. m cm mm 00 µm 0 µm 00 nm 0 nm Human height Length of some nerve and muscle cells Chicken egg Frog egg Most plant and animal cells Most bacteria Smallest bacteria Viruses Proteins Unaided eye Light
Chapter 3, Part A (Pages 37-45): Leukocyte Migration into Tissues
Allergy and Immunology Review Corner: Chapter 3, Part A (pages 37-45) of Cellular and Molecular Immunology (Seventh Edition), by Abul K. Abbas, Andrew H. Lichtman and Shiv Pillai. Chapter 3, Part A (Pages
Cell Communication. Cell Communication. Cell Communication. Cell Communication. Cell Communication. Chapter 9. Communication between cells requires:
Chapter 9 Communication between cells requires: ligand: the signaling molecule receptor protein: the molecule to which the receptor binds -may be on the plasma membrane or within the cell 2 There are four
Plasma(cell)membrane. Plasma membrane, synonym: plasmalemma (Gr. lemma = 'husk') thickness 8-10 nm (EM) asymmetrical
Plasma Membrane 1. Chemical composition of the plasmalemma 2. Models of cell membrane structure 3. Structure and functions of membrane proteins carriers (transporters) channels receptors 4. Cell coat(glycocalyx)
Index. derm.theclinics.com. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.
Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Adhesion and migration, the diverse functions of the laminin a3 subunit, 79 87 Alopecia in epidermolysis bullosa, 165 169 Amblyopia and inherited
Human height. Length of some nerve and muscle cells. Chicken egg. Frog egg. Most plant and animal cells Nucleus Most bacteria Mitochondrion
10 m 1 m 0.1 m 1 cm Human height Length of some nerve and muscle cells Chicken egg Unaided eye 1 mm Frog egg 100 µm 10 µm 1 µm 100 nm 10 nm Most plant and animal cells Nucleus Most bacteria Mitochondrion
Cytokines, adhesion molecules and apoptosis markers. A comprehensive product line for human and veterinary ELISAs
Cytokines, adhesion molecules and apoptosis markers A comprehensive product line for human and veterinary ELISAs IBL International s cytokine product line... is extremely comprehensive. The assays are
BCM 226 LECTURE SALEMCITY, A.J
BCM 226 LECTURE SALEMCITY, A.J BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE Biological membranes are composed of proteins associated with a lipid bilayer matrix. They are the molecular gateway to the cell. Viewed under electron
Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue: Part C
PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal College C H A P T E R 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue: Part C Warm Up What is a neurotransmitter? What is the
Tumor microenvironment Interactions and Lung Cancer Invasiveness. Pulmonary Grand Rounds Philippe Montgrain, M.D.
Tumor microenvironment Interactions and Lung Cancer Invasiveness Pulmonary Grand Rounds Philippe Montgrain, M.D. February 26, 2009 Objectives Review epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), and its implications
Cellular Physiology (PHSI3009) Contents:
Cellular Physiology (PHSI3009) Contents: Cell membranes and communication 2 nd messenger systems G-coupled protein signalling Calcium signalling Small G-protein signalling o RAS o MAPK o PI3K RHO GTPases
CHAPTER 7: CELL CELL INTERACTIONS
CHAPTER 7: CELL CELL INTERACTIONS CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Cells of multicellular organisms must communicate with one another so that they behave as a coordinated group of cells rather than just a bunch of independent
Microfilaments. myosin. In muscle cells. Microfilaments. Microfilaments. Video: Cytoplasmic Streaming. amoeboid movement. Pseudopodia.
Microfilaments Fig, 6-27a myosin Microfilaments protein func3ons in cellular mo3lity in addi3on to ac3n In muscle cells Thousands of ac3n filaments are arranged parallel to one another Thicker myosin filaments
Tissue renewal and Repair. Nisamanee Charoenchon, PhD Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science
Tissue renewal and Repair Nisamanee Charoenchon, PhD Email: nisamanee.cha@mahidol.ac.th Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science Topic Objectives 1. Describe processes of tissue repair, regeneration
What are the 6 types of neuroglia and their functions?!
Warm Up! Take out your 11C Notes What are the 6 types of neuroglia and their functions?! Astrocytes Microglia Ependymal Cells Satellite Cells Schwann Cells Oligodendrocytes Support, brace, & nutrient transfer
CYTOKINE RECEPTORS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION
CYTOKINE RECEPTORS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION What is Cytokine? Secreted popypeptide (protein) involved in cell-to-cell signaling. Acts in paracrine or autocrine fashion through specific cellular receptors.
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH. 6 - CELL COMMUNICATION.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: CELL-TO-CELL CONNECTIONS AND SIGNALING Gap and Tight Junctions: Adjacent cells communicate and hold on to each other via junctions. Two important kinds: Gap Junctions are
Cell Polarity and Cancer
Cell Polarity and Cancer Pr Jean-Paul Borg Email: jean-paul.borg@inserm.fr Features of malignant cells Steps in Malignant Progression Cell polarity, cell adhesion, morphogenesis and tumorigenesis pathways
ACTIVATION OF T LYMPHOCYTES AND CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY
ACTIVATION OF T LYMPHOCYTES AND CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY The recognition of specific antigen by naïve T cell induces its own activation and effector phases. T helper cells recognize peptide antigens through
Cells & Tissues. Chapter 3
Cells & Tissues Chapter 3 Cell Theory Cell is structural and functional unit of life Activity of an organism is dependent upon its cells Principle of Complementarity functions of cells are dependent upon
(d) are made mainly of lipids and of proteins that lie like thin sheets on the membrane surface
Which of the following statements is no true? Biological membranes (a) are composed partly of amphipathic lipids (b) have hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions (c) are typically in a fluid state (d) are
2. Epithelial Tissues Dr. Manal Othman
Biology-232 GENERAL HISTOLOGY 2. Epithelial Tissues Dr. Manal Othman Anatomy Department CMMS, AGU HISTOLOGY: w Study of the structure and function of tissues and organs at the microscopic levels. w Tissues
1. Which of the following functions or capabilities must be performed by a transmembranal/intrinsic protein in the plasma membrane?
(3.45 points each) Multiple Choice. Read each question thoroughly before answering. From the choices available, choose the answer that is the most correct. Place all answers on the accompanying answer
Four Types of Vertebrate Tissue
BIO 121 Molecular Cell Biology Lecture Section IV A. Cells in the Context of Tissue, Organ and Organismal Architecture B. Wound Healing Four Types of Vertebrate Tissue 1.Epithelium 2.Connective Tissue
Cell Migration II: CNS Cell Migration. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Cell Migration II: CNS Cell Migration Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Hey! The major concepts discussed relative to neural crest cell migration apply to cell migration
Diffusion across cell membrane
The Cell Membrane and Cellular Transport Diffusion across cell membrane Cell membrane is the boundary between inside & outside separates cell from its environment Can it be an impenetrable boundary? NO!
Recent Advances in the Molecular Pathology of Bullous Skin Disorders
1 Bahrain Medical Bulletin, Vol. 27, No. 2, June 2005 Recent Advances in the Molecular Pathology of Bullous Skin Disorders John A McGrath* Maintenance of an intact epidermis depends on secure adhesion
4 A Tour of the Cell CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS. Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Reece
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Reece 4 A Tour of the Cell Lecture Presentations by Kathleen Fitzpatrick and Nicole Tunbridge Overview: The Fundamental Units of Life All
PHYSIOLOGY 2017: OPTO 5344 Lecture 1. Transport across the cell membrane Constanzo 1. I. Introduction
PHYSIOLOGY 2017: OPTO 5344 Lecture 1. Transport across the cell membrane Constanzo 1 I. Introduction Fig. 1 Composition and size of cells and organelles (Ganong, 21 st edition) Water - 70-85% of cell mass
Cells communicate with each other via signaling ligands which interact with receptors located on the surface or inside the target cell.
BENG 100 Frontiers of Biomedical Engineering Professor Mark Saltzman Chapter 6 SUMMARY In this chapter, cell signaling was presented within the context of three physiological systems that utilize communication
The functional role of integrins during intra- and extravasation within the metastatic cascade
Sökeland and Schumacher Molecular Cancer (2019) 18:12 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-018-0937-3 REVIEW The functional role of integrins during intra- and extravasation within the metastatic cascade Greta
Signal Transduction Cascades
Signal Transduction Cascades Contents of this page: Kinases & phosphatases Protein Kinase A (camp-dependent protein kinase) G-protein signal cascade Structure of G-proteins Small GTP-binding proteins,
Tissues Review 4 type
Tissues Review 4 type Tissues Definition: a group of closely associated cells that perform related functions and are similar in structure Between cells: nonliving extracellular material Four basic types
Lecture 36: Review of membrane function
Chem*3560 Lecture 36: Review of membrane function Membrane: Lipid bilayer with embedded or associated proteins. Bilayers: 40-70% neutral phospholipid 10-20% negative phospholipid 10-30% cholesterol 10-30%
Psych 181: Dr. Anagnostaras
Psych 181: Dr. Anagnostaras Lecture 5 Synaptic Transmission Introduction to synaptic transmission Synapses (Gk., to clasp or join) Site of action of most psychoactive drugs 6.5 1 Synapses Know basic terminology:
Unit I Problem 9 Histology: Basic Tissues of The Body
Unit I Problem 9 Histology: Basic Tissues of The Body - What is the difference between cytology and histology? Cytology: it is the study of the structure and functions of cells and their contents. Histology:
Cell Biology Lecture 9 Notes Basic Principles of cell signaling and GPCR system
Cell Biology Lecture 9 Notes Basic Principles of cell signaling and GPCR system Basic Elements of cell signaling: Signal or signaling molecule (ligand, first messenger) o Small molecules (epinephrine,
Biology. Dr. Khalida Ibrahim
Dr. Khalida Ibrahim Biology Histology: Histology: is the study of the tissues of the body. Tissue: group of similar cells combined to perform a common function. The human body is composed of only 4 basic
Molecular and Cellular Basis of Immune Protection of Mucosal Surfaces
Molecular and Cellular Basis of Immune Protection of Mucosal Surfaces Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1078 1 Image quality
Dr. Heba Kalbouneh. Dr. Heba Kalbouneh. Dr. Heba Kalbouneh
Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Basement membrane: What is the basement membrane? - It is a layer of ECM separating the epithelial cells from the underlying connective tissue Basement
Cell Migration II: CNS Cell Migration. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Cell Migration II: CNS Cell Migration Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Course News Coffee Hour Wednesday (Oct 18) 9:00-10:00am Surdyk s Café in Northrop Auditorium Stop
The Hallmarks of Cancer
The Hallmarks of Cancer Theresa L. Hodin, Ph.D. Clinical Research Services Theresa.Hodin@RoswellPark.org Hippocrates Cancer surgery, circa 1689 Cancer Surgery Today 1971: Nixon declares War on Cancer
Novel roles for ICAM1 in leukocyte transendothelial migration. Michael John Allingham
Novel roles for ICAM1 in leukocyte transendothelial migration Michael John Allingham A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of
LQB383 Testbank. Week 8 Cell Communication and Signaling Mechanisms
LQB383 Testbank Week 8 Cell Communication and Signaling Mechanisms Terms to learn match the terms to the definitions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Boundary Lipid bilayer Selectively Permeable Fluid mosaic of lipids and proteins Contains embedded proteins
1 Boundary Lipid bilayer Selectively Permeable Fluid mosaic of lipids and proteins Contains embedded proteins 2 Phosphate head hydrophilic Fatty acid tails hydrophobic Amphipathic Phosphate attracted to
The Cell Membrane (Ch. 7)
The Cell Membrane (Ch. 7) Phospholipids Phosphate head hydrophilic Fatty acid tails hydrophobic Arranged as a bilayer Phosphate attracted to water Fatty acid repelled by water Aaaah, one of those structure
number Done by Corrected by Doctor Maha Shomaf
number 21 Done by Ahmad Rawajbeh Corrected by Omar Sami Doctor Maha Shomaf Ability to Invade and Metastasize The metastatic cascade can be subdivided into two phases: 1-invasion of ECM and vascular dissemination:
10. Which of the following immune cell is unable to phagocytose (a) neutrophils (b) eosinophils (c) macrophages (d) T-cells (e) monocytes
Chapter 2. Acute and chronic inflammation(6): 1. In acute inflammation, which events occur in the correct chronological order? (Remembered from 2000, 2004 exam.) p50 (a) transient vasoconstriction, stasis
Molecular Cell Biology - Problem Drill 19: Cell Signaling Pathways and Gene Expression
Molecular Cell Biology - Problem Drill 19: Cell Signaling Pathways and Gene Expression Question No. 1 of 10 1. Which statement about cell signaling is correct? Question #1 (A) Cell signaling involves receiving
Structure and Function of Antigen Recognition Molecules
MICR2209 Structure and Function of Antigen Recognition Molecules Dr Allison Imrie allison.imrie@uwa.edu.au 1 Synopsis: In this lecture we will examine the major receptors used by cells of the innate and
Healing & Repair. Tissue Regeneration
Healing & Repair Dr. Srikumar Chakravarthi Repair & Healing: Are they same? Repair :Regeneration of injured cells by cells of same type, as with regeneration of skin/oral mucosa (requires basement membrane)
Cell Membrane and Transport
Cell Membrane and Transport 29/06/2015 11:08 AM Describe the Characteristics of the phospholipid Bilayer. The Phospholipid bilayer is made up of a double layer of membrane lipids that have a hydrophobic
The cytoskeleton and cell movement. (Actin microfilaments)
The cytoskeleton and cell movement (Actin microfilaments) What is the cytoskeleton? A dynamic network of protein filaments extending throughout the cytoplasm Three types: microfilaments (actin), microtubules
Chapter 11 Development and Diseases
Chapter 11 Development and Diseases Fertilization Development of the Nervous System Cleavage (Blastula, Gastrula) Neuronal Induction- Neuroblast Formation Cell Migration Axon Growth/Target innervation
Current concepts of autoimmune bullous diseases Advances in pathogenesis. Luca Borradori
Current concepts of autoimmune bullous diseases Advances in pathogenesis Luca Borradori Dept. of Dermatology Inselspital, University Hospital of Berne Switzerland Luca.Borradori@insel.ch Autoimmune bullous