Biochem. q1) the amount of cholesterol lost per day is: +a.1g/day b.10g/week c.15g/day d.5g/day

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Biochem. q1) the amount of cholesterol lost per day is: +a.1g/day b.10g/week c.15g/day d.5g/day"

Transcription

1 Biochem q1) the amount of cholesterol lost per day is: +a.1g/day b.10g/week c.15g/day d.5g/day q2) which of the following carry cholestrol to peripheral tissue : a.hdl b.ldl c.vldl d.chylomicrons q3) esterification of cholesterol is done by : +++a.fatty acid q4) which of the following is true about glycerin dinitrate! a.tolerance is common adr b.severe headache in women +++c.can be given transdermally d.it is given orally and has high bioavailability q5) the enzyme that is responsible for preventing glucose from leaving the cell is? <c+> hexokinase q6) the major fuel of cardiac muscle at rest between meals is : fatty acid q7) hmg-coa reductase: is the rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol

2 has a sterol sensing domain is embedded in the er membrane all of the listed q8) all of the following are natural products of cholesterol except: cholestyramine q9) all of the following lower serum cholesterol, except: answer :simple carbohydrate. q10) cholesterol is precursor for : answer : vitamin d q11) inherited ldl receptor abnormalities result in : a: primary hypercholesterolemia q12) all of the following are true regarding cardiac markers except: a: ck-mb is a useful cardiac marker in a late presenting chronic renal failure patient with chest pain q13) in hypertensive heart disease, all are true except: a: history of hyperlipidemia is mandatory q14)which of the following statements concerning troponins is false? <c+>troponin i subunit attached to tropomyosin. q15)which of the following reactions will produce more energy in the heart muscle? <c+>glyceraldehydes 3 phosphate to 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate. 1.which of the following has b48 e and c markers

3 answer: chylomicron remnant 2.which of the following has a low triglyceride content but a reasonably high cholesterol content (i) chylomicrons (ii) chylomicron remnants (iii)hdl (iv) (i)+(ii) answer: (ii)chylomicron remnants 3. in cardiac muscle, which of the following is not a major substrate? (i)vldls (ii)lactate (iii)aminoacids (iv)chylomicrons answer: (iii)amino acids 4.which of the following is produced as a result of the reaction of hmg-coa lyase (i)acetone (ii)acetoacetate (iii)acetyl coa (iv) (i) + (ii) (v) (ii) + (iii) answer: (v) (ii)+(iii) 5.which of the following determines that the liver is a ketone body net producer answer: 3-ketoacyl-coa transferase involved in disturbed arterial constriction and hypertension 6-which of the following cardiac markers has the longest duration in plasma after the onset of mi? myoglobin cpk-mb troponin i & t ldh1/ldh2 isoenzymes aspartate amino transferase 7-which of the following cardiac markes is used for detecting mi? myoglobin cpk-mb troponin i troponin t ldh1 isoenzymes 8-cholesterol ester of hdl can be transferred to vldl and ldl throught the action of?

4 lechitin. cholesterol acyl transferase cholesterol ester transfer protein acyl-coa-cholesterol acyltransferase vldl receptor ldl receptor 9-which of the following is not a lipoprotein? albumin chylomicron ldl hdl lipoprotein (a) 10-what will be the effect of cholesterol induced suppression of ldl receptor synthesis? decreased removal of ldl from the serum excess circulating cholesterol & cholesterol ester when the dietary intake exceeds body need. excess circulatory cholesterol deposition atherosclerosis all of the above. 11-how many acetyl-coa molecules will be produced when palmitate is b-oxidized? what is the metabolic pathway that is not involved in cardiac muscle metabolism? gluconeogenesis glycolysis tca cycle b-oxidation of fatty acid etc and oxidative phosphorylation 16-which of the following is a major metabolic pathway in the heart muscle? beta oxidation of fatty acid fatty acid synthesis anaerobic glycolysis 17-during prolonged starvation, which of the following becomes the major source for energy in heart muscle?

5 glucose lactate amino acid ketone bodies. 18-how acetoacetate is activated in the heart muscle before it can be utilized for energy? by transfer of phosphate from glucose-6-phosphate by transfer of phosphate from fructose-6-phosphate by transfer of co-a from acetyl-coa by transfer of co-a from syccinyl co-a by transfer of co-a from hmg-coa 19-which of the following heart marker is considered most significant medical practice for management of mi? lactate dehydrogenase creatine kinase aspartate aminotransferase troponins alalnine aminotransferase 20-which of the following is rich in triacylglycerol? vldl ldl hdl sex hormone binding globulins chylomicron remnants. 21-in patients with hyperlipidemias, complex carbohydrate and fibers are recommended in their diet. what do we meant by complex carbohydrate? glucose fructose sucrose lactose Amylopectins 22-which of the following called scavenger? ldl hdl vldl chylomicrons

6 23-which of the following is inhibited by high level of pyruvate? ldh 1 (m4) in muscle ldh 5 (h4) in heart ldh 2 (m3h1) in reticulocyte ldh 3 (m2h2) in lung ldh 4 (m1h3) in kidney 24-the strong association of the mediterranean diets and low incidence of chd is currently an undisputable issue. in the first place, such as association is justified by the diet being primarily characterized by.? low in saturated fat very high concertration of pufa exceptionally high p:s ratio low protein content low in cholesterol 25-which of the following ststements do/does not apply to magnesium deficiency? associate with ihd and its complications. predisposes to hypercholesterolemia probably responsible for increased plasma homocystein. it is a causative factor for obesity 26-which of the following statements is true? a. pufa are labeled as non-essential fats b. cholesterol is an essential nutrient c. cholesterol is a non-essential nutrient d. cholesterol is not nutrient e. pufa helps body tissue overcome oxidation by free radicals

LIPID METABOLISM. Sri Widia A Jusman Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology FMUI

LIPID METABOLISM. Sri Widia A Jusman Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology FMUI LIPID METABOLISM Sri Widia A Jusman Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology FMUI Lipid metabolism is concerned mainly with fatty acids cholesterol Source of fatty acids from dietary fat de novo

More information

Oxidation of Long Chain Fatty Acids

Oxidation of Long Chain Fatty Acids Oxidation of Long Chain Fatty Acids Dr NC Bird Oxidation of long chain fatty acids is the primary source of energy supply in man and animals. Hibernating animals utilise fat stores to maintain body heat,

More information

Lipid Metabolism. Remember fats?? Triacylglycerols - major form of energy storage in animals

Lipid Metabolism. Remember fats?? Triacylglycerols - major form of energy storage in animals Remember fats?? Triacylglycerols - major form of energy storage in animals Your energy reserves: ~0.5% carbs (glycogen + glucose) ~15% protein (muscle, last resort) ~85% fat Why use fat for energy? 1 gram

More information

Acetyl CoA HMG CoA Mevalonate (C6) Dimethylallyl Pyrophosphate isopentenyl Pyrophosphate (C5) Geranyl Pyrophosphate (C10) FarnesylPyrophosphate (C15) Squalene (C30) Lanosterol (C30) 7 Dehydrocholesterol

More information

Roles of Lipids. principal form of stored energy major constituents of cell membranes vitamins messengers intra and extracellular

Roles of Lipids. principal form of stored energy major constituents of cell membranes vitamins messengers intra and extracellular Roles of Lipids principal form of stored energy major constituents of cell membranes vitamins messengers intra and extracellular = Oxidation of fatty acids Central energy-yielding pathway in animals. O

More information

Companion to Biosynthesis of Ketones & Cholesterols, Regulation of Lipid Metabolism Lecture Notes

Companion to Biosynthesis of Ketones & Cholesterols, Regulation of Lipid Metabolism Lecture Notes Companion to Biosynthesis of Ketones & Cholesterols, Regulation of Lipid Metabolism Lecture Notes The major site of acetoacetate and 3-hydorxybutyrate production is in the liver. 3-hydorxybutyrate is the

More information

Plasma lipoproteins & atherosclerosis by. Prof.Dr. Maha M. Sallam

Plasma lipoproteins & atherosclerosis by. Prof.Dr. Maha M. Sallam Biochemistry Department Plasma lipoproteins & atherosclerosis by Prof.Dr. Maha M. Sallam 1 1. Recognize structures,types and role of lipoproteins in blood (Chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL and HDL). 2. Explain

More information

Points 1. Following is the overall reaction catalyzed by the Calvin-Benson cycle:

Points 1. Following is the overall reaction catalyzed by the Calvin-Benson cycle: BCH 4054 February 22, 2002 HOUR TEST 2 NAME_ Points 1. Following is the overall reaction catalyzed by the Calvin-Benson cycle: CO 2 + 3ATP + 2NADPH 1/3 glyceraldehyde-3-p + 3ADP + 2NADP + Give the structures

More information

1Why lipids cannot be transported in blood alone? 2How we transport Fatty acids and steroid hormones?

1Why lipids cannot be transported in blood alone? 2How we transport Fatty acids and steroid hormones? 1Why lipids cannot be transported in blood alone? 2How we transport Fatty acids and steroid hormones? 3How are dietary lipids transported? 4How lipids synthesized in the liver are transported? 5 Lipoprotien

More information

Integrative Metabolism: Significance

Integrative Metabolism: Significance Integrative Metabolism: Significance Energy Containing Nutrients Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Catabolism Energy Depleted End Products H 2 O NH 3 ADP + Pi NAD + NADP + FAD + Pi NADH+H + NADPH+H + FADH2 Cell

More information

Bio 366: Biological Chemistry II Test #1, 100 points (7 pages)

Bio 366: Biological Chemistry II Test #1, 100 points (7 pages) Bio 366: Biological Chemistry II Test #1, 100 points (7 pages) READ THIS: Take a numbered test and sit in the seat with that number on it. Remove the numbered sticker from the desk, and stick it on the

More information

Biochemistry: A Short Course

Biochemistry: A Short Course Tymoczko Berg Stryer Biochemistry: A Short Course Second Edition CHAPTER 27 Fatty Acid Degradation Dietary Lipid (Triacylglycerol) Metabolism - In the small intestine, fat particles are coated with bile

More information

In glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate. If the pyruvate is reduced to lactate, the pathway does not require O 2 and is called anaerobic

In glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate. If the pyruvate is reduced to lactate, the pathway does not require O 2 and is called anaerobic Glycolysis 1 In glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate. If the pyruvate is reduced to lactate, the pathway does not require O 2 and is called anaerobic glycolysis. If this pyruvate is converted instead

More information

Fatty Acid Degradation. Catabolism Overview. TAG and FA 11/11/2015. Chapter 27, Stryer Short Course. Lipids as a fuel source diet Beta oxidation

Fatty Acid Degradation. Catabolism Overview. TAG and FA 11/11/2015. Chapter 27, Stryer Short Course. Lipids as a fuel source diet Beta oxidation Fatty Acid Degradation Chapter 27, Stryer Short Course Catabolism verview Lipids as a fuel source diet Beta oxidation saturated Unsaturated dd chain Ketone bodies as fuel Physiology High energy More reduced

More information

Metabolism of cardiac muscle. Dr. Mamoun Ahram Cardiovascular system, 2013

Metabolism of cardiac muscle. Dr. Mamoun Ahram Cardiovascular system, 2013 Metabolism of cardiac muscle Dr. Mamoun Ahram Cardiovascular system, 2013 References This lecture Mark s Basic Medical Biochemistry, 4 th ed., p. 890-891 Hand-out Why is this topic important? Heart failure

More information

BCM 221 LECTURES OJEMEKELE O.

BCM 221 LECTURES OJEMEKELE O. BCM 221 LECTURES BY OJEMEKELE O. OUTLINE INTRODUCTION TO LIPID CHEMISTRY STORAGE OF ENERGY IN ADIPOCYTES MOBILIZATION OF ENERGY STORES IN ADIPOCYTES KETONE BODIES AND KETOSIS PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX

More information

CHAPTER 24: Carbohydrate, Lipid, & Protein Metabolism. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith

CHAPTER 24: Carbohydrate, Lipid, & Protein Metabolism. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith CHAPTER 24: Carbohydrate, Lipid, & Protein Metabolism General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith CHAPTER 24: Carbohydrate, Lipid, & Protein Metabolism Learning Objectives: q Role in

More information

Chemistry Reference Ranges and Critical Values

Chemistry Reference Ranges and Critical Values Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT, SGPT) 3-9 years 9-18 years 1-9 years 9-18 years 10-25 U/L 10-35 U/L 10-30 U/L 10-25 U/L 10-30 U/L 10-35 U/L 10-25 U/L 10-35 U/L 10-25 U/L 10-20 U/L 10-35 U/L Albumin 0-6

More information

Chemistry Reference Ranges and Critical Values

Chemistry Reference Ranges and Critical Values Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT, SGPT) 3-9 years 9-18 years 1-9 years 9-18 years 10-30 U/L 10-30 U/L 10-20 U/L Albumin 0-6 days 6 days - 37 months 37 months - 7 years 7-20 years 2.6-3.6 g/dl 3.4-4.2 g/dl

More information

Integration & Hormone Regulation

Integration & Hormone Regulation Integration Branchpoints in metabolism where metabolites can go several directions 1. Glucose 6-phosphate Energy needed (low energy charge): glycolysis Low blood sugar: high [glucagon], low [insulin] glycogen

More information

Chapter 24 Lecture Outline

Chapter 24 Lecture Outline Chapter 24 Lecture Outline Carbohydrate Lipid and Protein! Metabolism! In the catabolism of carbohydrates, glycolysis converts glucose into pyruvate, which is then metabolized into acetyl CoA. Prepared

More information

ANSC/NUTR 618 LIPIDS & LIPID METABOLISM. Triacylglycerol and Fatty Acid Metabolism

ANSC/NUTR 618 LIPIDS & LIPID METABOLISM. Triacylglycerol and Fatty Acid Metabolism ANSC/NUTR 618 LIPIDS & LIPID METABOLISM II. Triacylglycerol synthesis A. Overall pathway Glycerol-3-phosphate + 3 Fatty acyl-coa à Triacylglycerol + 3 CoASH B. Enzymes 1. Acyl-CoA synthase 2. Glycerol-phosphate

More information

Lipids, lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease

Lipids, lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease Lipids, lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease Presented by Dr. Mohammad Saadeh The requirements for the Clinical Chemistry Philadelphia University Faculty of pharmacy Cardiovascular disease Plasma enzymes

More information

The molecule that serves as the major source of readily available body fuel is: a. fat. b. glucose. c. acetyl CoA. d. cellulose.

The molecule that serves as the major source of readily available body fuel is: a. fat. b. glucose. c. acetyl CoA. d. cellulose. The molecule that serves as the major source of readily available body fuel is: a. fat. b. glucose. c. acetyl CoA. d. cellulose. Dietary fats are important because: a. they keep blood pressure normal.

More information

Multiple choice: Circle the best answer on this exam. There are 12 multiple choice questions, each question is worth 3 points.

Multiple choice: Circle the best answer on this exam. There are 12 multiple choice questions, each question is worth 3 points. CHEM 4420 Exam 4 Spring 2015 Dr. Stone Page 1 of 6 Name Use complete sentences when requested. There are 120 possible points on this exam. Therefore there are 20 bonus points. Multiple choice: Circle the

More information

CHY2026: General Biochemistry. Lipid Metabolism

CHY2026: General Biochemistry. Lipid Metabolism CHY2026: General Biochemistry Lipid Metabolism Lipid Digestion Lipid Metabolism Fats (triglycerides) are high metabolic energy molecules Fats yield 9.3 kcal of energy (carbohydrates and proteins 4.1 kcal)

More information

INTEGRATION OF METABOLISM

INTEGRATION OF METABOLISM SIBC511- INTEGRATION OF METABOLISM Assistant Professor Dr. Chatchawan Srisawat INTEGRATION OF METABOLISM INTEGRATION OF METABOLISM Dietary intake Fed state Fasting state The metabolism of carbohydrate,

More information

Cholesterol Metabolism

Cholesterol Metabolism Cholesterol Metabolism Lippincott s Illustrated Review Chapter 18 Steroid Nucleus 1 2 Cholesterol was isolated from gall bladder stones in 1774 3 Sources and Elimination of Cholesterol Synthesis: 1000

More information

Cholesterol metabolism. Function Biosynthesis Transport in the organism Hypercholesterolemia

Cholesterol metabolism. Function Biosynthesis Transport in the organism Hypercholesterolemia Cholesterol metabolism Function Biosynthesis Transport in the organism Hypercholesterolemia - component of all cell membranes - precursor of bile acids steroid hormones vitamin D Cholesterol Sources: dietary

More information

Cholesterol and its transport. Alice Skoumalová

Cholesterol and its transport. Alice Skoumalová Cholesterol and its transport Alice Skoumalová 27 carbons Cholesterol - structure Cholesterol importance A stabilizing component of cell membranes A precursor of bile salts A precursor of steroid hormones

More information

Lipid Metabolism. Catabolism Overview

Lipid Metabolism. Catabolism Overview Lipid Metabolism Pratt & Cornely, Chapter 17 Catabolism Overview Lipids as a fuel source from diet Beta oxidation Mechanism ATP production Ketone bodies as fuel 1 High energy More reduced Little water

More information

Unit IV Problem 3 Biochemistry: Cholesterol Metabolism and Lipoproteins

Unit IV Problem 3 Biochemistry: Cholesterol Metabolism and Lipoproteins Unit IV Problem 3 Biochemistry: Cholesterol Metabolism and Lipoproteins - Cholesterol: It is a sterol which is found in all eukaryotic cells and contains an oxygen (as a hydroxyl group OH) on Carbon number

More information

13/09/2012. Dietary fatty acids. Triglyceride. Phospholipids:

13/09/2012. Dietary fatty acids. Triglyceride. Phospholipids: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (CVD) and NUTRITION Major cause of morbidity & mortality in Canada & other developed countries e.g., majority of approved health claims on food labels relate to lowering CVD Relation

More information

Principles of Anatomy and Physiology

Principles of Anatomy and Physiology Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14 th Edition CHAPTER 25 Metabolism and Nutrition Metabolic Reactions Metabolism refers to all of the chemical reactions taking place in the body. Reactions that break

More information

Chemistry 1120 Exam 4 Study Guide

Chemistry 1120 Exam 4 Study Guide Chemistry 1120 Exam 4 Study Guide Chapter 12 12.1 Identify and differentiate between macronutrients (lipids, amino acids and saccharides) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). Master Tutor Section

More information

GLYCOLYSIS Generation of ATP from Metabolic Fuels

GLYCOLYSIS Generation of ATP from Metabolic Fuels GLYCOLYSIS Generation of ATP from Metabolic Fuels - Catabolic process degradative pathway - Energy stored in sugars (carbohydrates) released to perform biological work - Transforms GLUCOSE to PYRUVATE

More information

Intermediary metabolism. Eva Samcová

Intermediary metabolism. Eva Samcová Intermediary metabolism Eva Samcová Metabolic roles of tissues Four major tissues play a dominant role in fuel metabolism : liver, adipose, muscle, and brain. These tissues do not function in isolation.

More information

Nutrition & Wellness for Life 2012 Chapter 6: Fats: A Concentrated Energy Source

Nutrition & Wellness for Life 2012 Chapter 6: Fats: A Concentrated Energy Source Tools: Printer 8.5 x 11 paper Scissors Directions: 1. Print 2. Fold paper in half vertically 3. Cut along dashed lines Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. All rights reserved. Tissue in which the body

More information

LIPID METABOLISM

LIPID METABOLISM LIPID METABOLISM LIPOGENESIS LIPOGENESIS LIPOGENESIS FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS DE NOVO FFA in the blood come from :- (a) Dietary fat (b) Dietary carbohydrate/protein in excess of need FA TAG Site of synthesis:-

More information

THE GLUCOSE-FATTY ACID-KETONE BODY CYCLE Role of ketone bodies as respiratory substrates and metabolic signals

THE GLUCOSE-FATTY ACID-KETONE BODY CYCLE Role of ketone bodies as respiratory substrates and metabolic signals Br. J. Anaesth. (1981), 53, 131 THE GLUCOSE-FATTY ACID-KETONE BODY CYCLE Role of ketone bodies as respiratory substrates and metabolic signals J. C. STANLEY In this paper, the glucose-fatty acid cycle

More information

Maintain Cholesterol

Maintain Cholesterol Maintain Cholesterol What is Cholesterol? Cholesterol is a Lipid Molecule that has a waxy appearance and is found in every cell of the body and has some important natural functions. It is manufactured

More information

Energy metabolism - the overview

Energy metabolism - the overview Energy metabolism - the overview Josef Fontana EC - 40 Overview of the lecture Important terms of the energy metabolism The overview of the energy metabolism The main pathways of the energy metabolism

More information

NBCE Mock Board Questions Biochemistry

NBCE Mock Board Questions Biochemistry 1. Fluid mosaic describes. A. Tertiary structure of proteins B. Ribosomal subunits C. DNA structure D. Plasma membrane structure NBCE Mock Board Questions Biochemistry 2. Where in the cell does beta oxidation

More information

23.1 Lipid Metabolism in Animals. Chapter 23. Micelles Lipid Metabolism in. Animals. Overview of Digestion Lipid Metabolism in

23.1 Lipid Metabolism in Animals. Chapter 23. Micelles Lipid Metabolism in. Animals. Overview of Digestion Lipid Metabolism in Denniston Topping Caret Copyright! The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 23 Fatty Acid Metabolism Triglycerides (Tgl) are emulsified into fat droplets

More information

number Done by Corrected by Doctor Nayef Karadsheh

number Done by Corrected by Doctor Nayef Karadsheh number 13 Done by Asma Karameh Corrected by Saad hayek Doctor Nayef Karadsheh Gluconeogenesis This lecture covers gluconeogenesis with aspects of: 1) Introduction to glucose distribution through tissues.

More information

Reg. No. : Question Paper Code : B.E./B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER Second Semester BT 6201 BIOCHEMISTRY

Reg. No. : Question Paper Code : B.E./B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER Second Semester BT 6201 BIOCHEMISTRY Ws 5 Reg. No. : Question Paper Code : 27075 B.E./B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2015. Time : Three hours Second Semester Biotechnology BT 6201 BIOCHEMISTRY (Common to Pharmaceutical Technology)

More information

UNIVERSITY OF BOLTON SPORT AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SPORT AND EXERCISE SCIENCE PATHWAY SEMESTER TWO EXAMINATIONS 2016/2017

UNIVERSITY OF BOLTON SPORT AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SPORT AND EXERCISE SCIENCE PATHWAY SEMESTER TWO EXAMINATIONS 2016/2017 LH14 UNIVERSITY OF BOLTON SPORT AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SPORT AND EXERCISE SCIENCE PATHWAY SEMESTER TWO EXAMINATIONS 2016/2017 INTRODUCTION TO SPORT AND EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY MODULE NO: SPS4002 Date: Thursday

More information

Nutrition, Food, and Fitness. Chapter 6 Fats: A Concentrated Energy Source

Nutrition, Food, and Fitness. Chapter 6 Fats: A Concentrated Energy Source Nutrition, Food, and Fitness Chapter 6 Fats: A Concentrated Energy Source Tools: Printer (color optional) 4 sheets of 8.5 x 11 paper Scissors Directions: 1. Print 2. Fold paper in half vertically 3. Cut

More information

Introduction to Carbohydrate metabolism

Introduction to Carbohydrate metabolism Introduction to Carbohydrate metabolism Some metabolic pathways of carbohydrates 1- Glycolysis 2- Krebs cycle 3- Glycogenesis 4- Glycogenolysis 5- Glyconeogenesis - Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP) - Curi

More information

BIOCHEMISTRY. Glycolysis. by Dr Jaya Vejayan Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology

BIOCHEMISTRY. Glycolysis. by Dr Jaya Vejayan Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology BIOCHEMISTRY Glycolysis by Dr Jaya Vejayan Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology email: jayavejayan@ump.edu.my Chapter Description Overview This chapter is related to carbohydrate catabolism. It

More information

Integration of Metabolism 1. made by: Noor M. ALnairat. Sheet No. 18

Integration of Metabolism 1. made by: Noor M. ALnairat. Sheet No. 18 Integration of Metabolism 1 made by: Noor M. ALnairat Sheet No. 18 Data :24/11/2016 SLIDE 2: Metabolism Consist of Highly Interconnected Pathways The basic strategy of catabolic metabolism is to form ATP,

More information

Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology department

Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology department Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology department Cardiac Fuels [Sources of energy for the Cardiac muscle] Intended learning outcomes of the lecture: By the end of this lecture you would be able to:-

More information

Integration of Metabolism

Integration of Metabolism Integration of Metabolism Metabolism is a continuous process. Thousands of reactions occur simultaneously in order to maintain homeostasis. It ensures a supply of fuel, to tissues at all times, in fed

More information

Energy stores in different organs for a 155 lb male, in Calories

Energy stores in different organs for a 155 lb male, in Calories Energy stores in different organs for a 155 lb male, in Calories Organ Glucose/ Glycogen Triacyl Glycerols* Liver 400 450 400 Brain 8 0 0 Mobile Proteins Muscle 1,200 450 24,000 Adipose Tissue 80 135,000

More information

Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolism

Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolism CHEM 3331 Fundamentals of Biochemistry Chapter 14 Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolism Organic and Biochemistry for Today Spencer L. Seager / Michael R. Slabaugh Mr. Kevin A. Boudreaux Angelo State University

More information

Major Pathways in Carbohydrate Metabolism

Major Pathways in Carbohydrate Metabolism Major Pathways in Carbohydrate Metabolism 70 Stage 1: Digestion of Carbohydrates In Stage 1, the digestion of carbohydrates Begins in the mouth where salivary amylase breaks down polysaccharides to smaller

More information

the fates of acetyl coa which produced by B oixidation :

the fates of acetyl coa which produced by B oixidation : Ketone bodies the fates of acetyl coa which produced by B oixidation : 1) oxidized at the TCA cycle 2)synthesis of ketone bodies Ketone bodies : 1)acetoacetate 2) acetone 3) 3_hydroxybutyrate Naming acetonacetone:

More information

How Did Energy-Releasing Pathways Evolve? (cont d.)

How Did Energy-Releasing Pathways Evolve? (cont d.) How Did Energy-Releasing Pathways Evolve? (cont d.) 7.1 How Do Cells Access the Chemical Energy in Sugars? In order to use the energy stored in sugars, cells must first transfer it to ATP The energy transfer

More information

Biochemistry - Problem Drill 16: Carbohydrate Metabolism

Biochemistry - Problem Drill 16: Carbohydrate Metabolism Biochemistry - Problem Drill 16: Carbohydrate Metabolism No. 1 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully (2) Work the problems on paper as 1. Fill in the diagram below

More information

Biochemistry: A Short Course

Biochemistry: A Short Course Tymoczko Berg Stryer Biochemistry: A Short Course Second Edition CHAPTER 28 Fatty Acid Synthesis 2013 W. H. Freeman and Company Chapter 28 Outline 1. The first stage of fatty acid synthesis is transfer

More information

Metabolism. Chapter 5. Catabolism Drives Anabolism 8/29/11. Complete Catabolism of Glucose

Metabolism. Chapter 5. Catabolism Drives Anabolism 8/29/11. Complete Catabolism of Glucose 8/29/11 Metabolism Chapter 5 All of the reactions in the body that require energy transfer. Can be divided into: Cell Respiration and Metabolism Anabolism: requires the input of energy to synthesize large

More information

Lecture 36. Key Concepts. Overview of lipid metabolism. Reactions of fatty acid oxidation. Energy yield from fatty acid oxidation

Lecture 36. Key Concepts. Overview of lipid metabolism. Reactions of fatty acid oxidation. Energy yield from fatty acid oxidation Lecture 36 Lipid Metabolism 1 Fatty Acid Oxidation Ketone Bodies Key Concepts Overview of lipid metabolism Reactions of fatty acid oxidation Energy yield from fatty acid oxidation Formation of ketone bodies

More information

CHY2026: General Biochemistry UNIT 7& 8: CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM

CHY2026: General Biochemistry UNIT 7& 8: CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM CHY2026: General Biochemistry UNIT 7& 8: CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM Metabolism Bioenergetics is the transfer and utilization of energy in biological systems The direction and extent to which a chemical reaction

More information

Fatty Acid and Triacylglycerol Metabolism 1

Fatty Acid and Triacylglycerol Metabolism 1 Fatty Acid and Triacylglycerol Metabolism 1 Mobilization of stored fats and oxidation of fatty acids Lippincott s Chapter 16 What is the first lecture about What is triacylglycerol Fatty acids structure

More information

Topic 11. Coronary Artery Disease

Topic 11. Coronary Artery Disease Topic 11 Coronary Artery Disease Lipid metabolism http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7372495.stm Sterol Metabolism and Coronary Artery Disease Big Picture: Exogenous Cholesterol and Fat Metabolism Fats-Triglycerides

More information

Integration Of Metabolism

Integration Of Metabolism Integration Of Metabolism Metabolism Consist of Highly Interconnected Pathways The basic strategy of catabolic metabolism is to form ATP, NADPH, and building blocks for biosyntheses. 1. ATP is the universal

More information

Lipoproteins Metabolism Reference: Campbell Biochemistry and Lippincott s Biochemistry

Lipoproteins Metabolism Reference: Campbell Biochemistry and Lippincott s Biochemistry Lipoproteins Metabolism Reference: Campbell Biochemistry and Lippincott s Biochemistry Learning Objectives 1. Define lipoproteins and explain the rationale of their formation in blood. 2. List different

More information

Glucose is the only source of energy in red blood cells. Under starvation conditions ketone bodies become a source of energy for the brain

Glucose is the only source of energy in red blood cells. Under starvation conditions ketone bodies become a source of energy for the brain Glycolysis 4 / The Text :- Some Points About Glucose Glucose is very soluble source of quick and ready energy. It is a relatively stable and easily transported. In mammals, the brain uses only glucose

More information

number Done by Corrected by Doctor Nayef Karadsheh

number Done by Corrected by Doctor Nayef Karadsheh number 11 Done by حسام أبو عوض Corrected by Moayyad Al-Shafei Doctor Nayef Karadsheh 1 P a g e General Regulatory Aspects in Metabolism: We can divide all pathways in metabolism to catabolicand anabolic.

More information

February 2009 [KU 504] Sub. Code : 4055 FIRST M.B.B.S. DEGREE EXAMINATION. Revised (Non-Semester) Regulations Paper V BIOCHEMISTRY I Q. P. Code : 5240

February 2009 [KU 504] Sub. Code : 4055 FIRST M.B.B.S. DEGREE EXAMINATION. Revised (Non-Semester) Regulations Paper V BIOCHEMISTRY I Q. P. Code : 5240 February 2009 [KU 504] Sub. Code : 4055 FIRST M.B.B.S. DEGREE EXAMINATION. Revised (Non-Semester) Regulations Paper V BIOCHEMISTRY I Q. P. Code : 524055 Time : Three hours Maximum: 100 Marks Answer ALL

More information

anabolic pathways- Catabolic Amphibolic

anabolic pathways- Catabolic Amphibolic METABOLISM Introduction The fate of dietary components after digestion and absorption constitute metabolism regulated by metabolic pathway 3 types: anabolic pathways- Synthesis of compound e.g. synthesis

More information

Summary of fatty acid synthesis

Summary of fatty acid synthesis Lipid Metabolism, part 2 1 Summary of fatty acid synthesis 8 acetyl CoA + 14 NADPH + 14 H+ + 7 ATP palmitic acid (16:0) + 8 CoA + 14 NADP + + 7 ADP + 7 Pi + 7 H20 1. The major suppliers of NADPH for fatty

More information

Glycolysis Introduction to Metabolism Regulation of Metabolism Overview of Glycolysis Reactions of Glycolysis

Glycolysis Introduction to Metabolism Regulation of Metabolism Overview of Glycolysis Reactions of Glycolysis Glycolysis Introduction to Metabolism Regulation of Metabolism Overview of Glycolysis Reactions of Glycolysis Suggested Reading: Lippincot s Ilustrated reviews: Biochemistry Glycolysis, an example of metabolic

More information

University of Palestine. Final Exam 2016/2017 Total Grade:

University of Palestine. Final Exam 2016/2017 Total Grade: Part 1 : Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 1)Which of the following statements about Michaelis-Menten kinetics is correct? a)k m, the Michaelis constant, is defined as the concentration of substrate required

More information

Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids. By Dr.QUTAIBA A. QASIM

Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids. By Dr.QUTAIBA A. QASIM Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids By Dr.QUTAIBA A. QASIM Fatty Acids Definition Fatty acids are comprised of hydrocarbon chains terminating with carboxylic acid groups. Fatty acids and their associated derivatives

More information

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation Outline PART 1: NUTRIENTS (pp ; Figs ; Table 24.1) 24.

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation Outline PART 1: NUTRIENTS (pp ; Figs ; Table 24.1) 24. Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation Outline PART 1: NUTRIENTS (pp. 915 922; Figs. 24.1 24.3; Table 24.1) 24.1 Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins supply energy and are used as building

More information

CHE 242 Exam 3 Practice Questions

CHE 242 Exam 3 Practice Questions CHE 242 Exam 3 Practice Questions Glucose metabolism 1. Below is depicted glucose catabolism. Indicate on the pathways the following: A) which reaction(s) of glycolysis are irreversible B) where energy

More information

ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIA. Darmawan,dr.,M.Kes,Sp.PD

ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIA. Darmawan,dr.,M.Kes,Sp.PD ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIA Darmawan,dr.,M.Kes,Sp.PD Plasma lipids consist mostly of lipoproteins Spherical complexes of lipids and specific proteins (apolipoproteins). The clinically important lipoproteins, listed

More information

Transfer of food energy to chemical energy. Includes anabolic and catabolic reactions. The cell is the metabolic processing center

Transfer of food energy to chemical energy. Includes anabolic and catabolic reactions. The cell is the metabolic processing center Metabolism There are a lot of diagrams here. DO NOT, I repeat, DO NOT get overly anxious or excited about them. We will go through them again slowly!! Read the slides, read the book, DO NOT TAKE NOTES.

More information

PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER

PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY

More information

Lecture 5: Cell Metabolism. Biology 219 Dr. Adam Ross

Lecture 5: Cell Metabolism. Biology 219 Dr. Adam Ross Lecture 5: Cell Metabolism Biology 219 Dr. Adam Ross Cellular Respiration Set of reactions that take place during the conversion of nutrients into ATP Intricate regulatory relationship between several

More information

CELLULAR METABOLISM. Metabolic pathways can be linear, branched, cyclic or spiral

CELLULAR METABOLISM. Metabolic pathways can be linear, branched, cyclic or spiral CHM333 LECTURE 24 & 25: 3/27 29/13 SPRING 2013 Professor Christine Hrycyna CELLULAR METABOLISM What is metabolism? - How cells acquire, transform, store and use energy - Study reactions in a cell and how

More information

Lipid Metabolism * OpenStax

Lipid Metabolism * OpenStax OpenStax-CNX module: m46462 1 Lipid Metabolism * OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 By the end of this section, you will be able

More information

UNIVERSITY OF PNG SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES DIVISION OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES DISCIPLINE OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

UNIVERSITY OF PNG SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES DIVISION OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES DISCIPLINE OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1 UNIVERSITY OF PNG SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES DIVISION OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES DISCIPLINE OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS An Overview WHAT IS HOMEOSTASIS? Homeostasis

More information

Carbohydrate Metabolism I

Carbohydrate Metabolism I Carbohydrate Metabolism I Outline Glycolysis Stages of glycolysis Regulation of Glycolysis Carbohydrate Metabolism Overview Enzyme Classification Dehydrogenase - oxidizes substrate using cofactors as

More information

Disaccharides. Compound dehydration synthesis puts sugars together Hydrolysis (hydro-water, lysisbreakdown)

Disaccharides. Compound dehydration synthesis puts sugars together Hydrolysis (hydro-water, lysisbreakdown) Carbohydrate Carbo-hydrate -carbon, water Cn(H2O) n Monosaccharides Hexose hex = 6 [carbons], "-ose" means sugar Glucose monosaccaccharide usually assume a ring structure Disaccharides Compound dehydration

More information

Pathophysiology of Lipid Disorders

Pathophysiology of Lipid Disorders Pathophysiology of Lipid Disorders Henry Ginsberg, M.D. Division of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition CHD in the United States CHD is the single largest killer of men and women 12 million have history

More information

BCH 4054 Spring 2001 Chapter 24 Lecture Notes

BCH 4054 Spring 2001 Chapter 24 Lecture Notes BCH 4054 Spring 2001 Chapter 24 Lecture Notes 1 Chapter 24 Fatty Acid Catabolism 2 Fatty Acids as Energy Source Triglycerides yield 37 kj/g dry weight Protein 17 kj/g Glycogen 16 kj/g (even less wet weight)

More information

Metabolic integration and Regulation

Metabolic integration and Regulation Metabolic integration and Regulation 109700: Graduate Biochemistry Trimester 2/2016 Assistant Prof. Dr. Panida Khunkaewla kpanida@sut.ac.th School of Chemistry Suranaree University of Technology 1 Overview

More information

Topic 3.1 Nutrients. - Lipids are an essential part of the and are a part of cell in the body.

Topic 3.1 Nutrients. - Lipids are an essential part of the and are a part of cell in the body. Name: Topic 3.1 Nutrients Date: IB SEHS 3.1.1. List the macronutrients and micronutrients Macronutrients: - lipid (fat) - carbohydrate - protein - water (says the book) Micronutrients: - vitamins - minerals

More information

The University of Jordan. Accreditation & Quality Assurance Center. COURSE Syllabus

The University of Jordan. Accreditation & Quality Assurance Center. COURSE Syllabus The University of Jordan Accreditation & Quality Assurance Center COURSE Syllabus 1 Course title Biochemistry for Medical students 2 Course number 0501213 Credit hours (theory, practical) 3 3 Contact hours

More information

Chemistry Chapter 28

Chemistry Chapter 28 hemistry 2100 hapter 28 arbohydrate atabolism glycolysis: glucose pyruvate acetyl TA ycle: acetyl 2 + NAD / FAD 2 oxidative phosphorylation: NAD / FAD 2 ATP Glycolysis ATP ADP isomerase hexokin ase Mg

More information

Glycolysis. Intracellular location Rate limiting steps

Glycolysis. Intracellular location Rate limiting steps Glycolysis Definition Fx Fate Site Intracellular location Rate limiting steps Regulation Consume ATP Subs level phosphoryla tion Key reactions control points Nb Oxidation of glucose to give pyruvate (

More information

Chapter 7- Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions Thomson - Wadsworth

Chapter 7- Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions Thomson - Wadsworth Chapter 7- Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions 2008 Thomson - Wadsworth Simple Overview of Energy Metabolism The sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells Introduction Energy Heat-

More information

BIOL2171 ANU TCA CYCLE

BIOL2171 ANU TCA CYCLE TCA CYCLE IMPORTANCE: Oxidation of 2C Acetyl Co-A 2CO 2 + 3NADH + FADH 2 (8e-s donated to O 2 in the ETC) + GTP (energy) + Heat OVERVIEW: Occurs In the mitochondrion matrix. 1. the acetyl portion of acetyl-coa

More information

Biochemistry of carbohydrates

Biochemistry of carbohydrates Biochemistry of carbohydrates الفريق الطبي األكاديمي Done By: - Hanan Jamal لكية الطب البرشي البلقاء التطبيقية / املركز 6166 6102/ In the last lecture we talked about Pyruvate, pyruvate is a central intermediate;

More information

Mohammad Alfarra. Faisal Al Nemri. Hala Al Suqi

Mohammad Alfarra. Faisal Al Nemri. Hala Al Suqi 25 Mohammad Alfarra Faisal Al Nemri Hala Al Suqi Review: - Modes of regulation:- Feed-back regulation is when an enzyme present early in a biochemical pathway is regulated by a late product of the pathway.

More information

Hyperlipidemia. Prepared by : Muhannad Mohammed Supervisor professor : Dr. Ahmed Yahya Dallalbashi

Hyperlipidemia. Prepared by : Muhannad Mohammed Supervisor professor : Dr. Ahmed Yahya Dallalbashi Hyperlipidemia Prepared by : Muhannad Mohammed Supervisor professor : Dr. Ahmed Yahya Dallalbashi Outline The story of lipids Definition of hyperlipidemia Classification of hyperlipidemia Causes of hyperlipidemia

More information

Hormones and Target Tissues

Hormones and Target Tissues Hormones and Target Tissues The hypothalamus is the coordination center of the endocrine system Hypothalamus is a small region of the forebrain in animals with skulls It receives and integrates nerve signals

More information