Piel Often Refers to Causing a State

Transcription

1 27-1 Piel Often Refers to Causing a State Simple Cause a state Cause an action Active Passive Reflexive Qal He heard Piel He made him angry Hiphil He lifted up Niphal He was heard Pual He was angered Hophal It was lifted Niphal He heard himself Hithpael He made himself angry 27-2 Piel Has Multiple Meanings 27-3 What to Memorize for the Piel 27-4 Cause a state ( factitive ) Do something repeatedly ( iterative ) Verbs made from nouns ( denominative ) Verbs for speech acts ( delocutive ) To remove something ( privative ) Intensive?? Parsing code D How Piel verbs begin: Dagesh Forte in R 2 piēl - paēl Participle preformative מ except Qal and Niphal Piel preformative vowel Shewa ( טּ ל ק י י טּ ל, ק טּ ל, תּ תּ תּ תּ ק ) מ מ מ מ V S pattern Ē(A) ~ Ē Tsere everywhere Except Pathach in the Perfect 1 st and 2 nd person Beware when R 2 is SQiN em LeVY

2 Guttural in the Piel Stem Guttural changes Stem Vowel Strong Ē(A) ~ Ē A ~ A ח /עעעע- 3 Ē(A) Ē ~ א- 3 in other stems ה- 3 The same as ה- 3 Remember what ה- 3 verbs do. No need to memorize the rest. 2-Guttural/Resh in the Piel 2-G means 2-Guttural 2-G take Hateph vowel instead of Vocal Shewa נ נ ח ח ח ח לוּוּוּוּ but ק ק ק ק טּ טּ טּ טּ לוּוּוּוּ E.g., is for 2-G 2-G and 2-Resh reject the Dagesh almost always compensatory lengthening ר/א- 2 תּ so DP2ms ˠכ בּ תּ כ ר בּ ח מוּוּוּוּ so DM2mp נ נ ה /חחחח /עעעע- 2 מוּוּוּוּ נ ח ח QP3cp usually no compensatory lengthening in Piel מוּוּוּוּ נ ח ח חמוּוּוּוּ נ מוּוּוּוּ DM2mp נ ח מוּוּוּוּ נ ח ח QM2mp 27-7 For 1-Nun, Piel Perfect Niphal Perfect They are strong verbs in the Piel They are identical to Niphal in the Perfect תּ תּ שׁ נ גּ is נגשׁ (D/N)P2ms is Nun of Niphal and 1-Nun of root in the Piel נ נ נ נ is Assimilated 1-Nun in Niphal and Doubling of Piel גּ Same V S in the perfect 1 st and 2 nd person: A vs. Ē-a Same reduced V S in the P3fs and P3cp Different in the 3ms Because Piel V S is Ē(A)~, whereas Niphal V S is A~ נ נ צּלללל צּ צּ צּ NP3ms נ נ צּלללל צּ צּ צּ DP3ms vs. 27-8

3 Biconsonantal Piel is Spelled pôlēl 27-9 Geminate is Strong or pôlēl Piel wants to double R 2 with a Dagesh Geminate verbs are sometimes strong Biconsonantal verbs lack a R 2 so they reduplicate R 3 לּ ל E.g.,,ה לּ ל תּ תּ,ה לּ ל י ה V 1 always Ô ( ) Can be written defectively as Ō ( ) Geminate verbs are sometimes pôlēl Ē(A) ~ Ē Bicons lack V 1 for piēl paēl, so perfect imperative V S same as strong verb Ē(A) ~ Ē ר E.g.,,פּ ר ר תּ תּ,פּ ר י פ ל ל Some books call this the pôēl Example: רוּם ם ר מ DP3ms DM2ms D (DA never occurs) מ תּ תּ DP2ms ר מ ם י ר מ What to Memorize for Piel Weak Verbs Remember what always happens to ה- 3 verbs 2-G/Resh verbs lack the Dagesh in R 2 May have compensatory lengthening (V 1 or ) 1-Nun verbs DP NP (except 3ms) pôlēl could be Piel of Biconsonantal or Geminate (Or Qal Participle)

4 27-13 Parsing Practice (1/5) לּ וּ.1 כּ they finished ת ה.2 וּ צ DP3fs she commanded D ת.3 כּ לּ to finish לּ א.4 א מ DI1cs I will fill DM2mp וּ.5 כּ לּ finish! ה י צ וּ ה.6 he will command ת וּ.7 שׁ ר they served ו י צ ו.8 DIwc3ms he commanded י נּ ח ם.9 נחם NI3ms he will regret ב ע ר ים.10 מ burning Parsing Practice (2/5).11 שׁ תּ י נ ג ר NP1cs.12 ע ר תּ ן בּ DP2fp.13 מּ צ אנ ה תּ מצא NI(2/3)fp.14 י נ ח ם נחם.15 ר כ תּ י בּ DP1cs.16 סּ וּ כּ ה צ וּ מ ה I was driven out you burned you/they wil be found he will comfort I blessed they covered commanding comforting they will burn Parsing Practice (3/5).21 שׁ גּ ר D(M2ms/ /A).22 שׁ תּ י גּ ר DP1cs.23 מּ צ אנ ה ה מצא NM2fp.24 ה י כ סּ.25 ת שׁ ר DP3ms.26 רוּכ ים בּ QPpMP DPtFP נחם NI1cs DI2mp.27 מ לּ א ת מ.28 נּ ח ם א.29 ב ר כ וּ תּ.30 ע ר וּ בּ DPtMS נחם DI3mp QP3cp OR DM2mp they burned / burn!.18 נ ח מ ים מ.19 ע ר וּ י ב.20 ע ר וּ בּ drive out! / to drive out I drove out be found! he will cover he served blessed filling I will regret you will bless they burned

5 QPtFP burning DPtFP finishing DP2mp you burned DIwc3ms he covered Parsing Practice (4/5).31 ת בּ ע ר.32 כ לּ ת מ.33 ע ר תּ ם בּ.34 ו י כ ס ה וּ צ DP3ms he commanded.36 לּ את י מ DP1cs I filled.37 מ תּ תּ נ ח נחם (N/D)P2ms you regretted / comforted.38 שׁ ר ת ים מ serving.39 ר וּ ך בּ QPpMS blessed.40 לּ א מ D(M2ms/ /A) fill! / to fill Parsing Practice (5/5).41 לּ ית ם כּ DP2mp.42 סּ ינוּ כּ DP1cp.43 כ סּ ים מ.44 מ לּ א מ DPtMS.45 כ לּ ה תּ DI(3f/2m)s.46 שׁ י ג ר QPtMS DI3mp מצא QP3cp DP3fs.47 שׁ גּ ר.48 ר ת וּ י שׁ.49 צ א וּ מ.50 לּ א ה מ you finished we covered covering filling she/you will finish he will drive out driving out they will serve they found she filled ו שׁ מ ר תּ א ת ח קּ יו ו א ת מ צ ת יו א שׁ ר א נ כ י מ צ וּ ך ה יּ ם (Deut 4:40a) שׁ מ ר תּ ו שׁמר QPwc2ms you will keep צ וּ ך מ DPtMS+2ms commanding you מ צ וּ ך You (ms) will keep his statutes and his commandments which I am commanding you today [lit. the day ]

6 ו יּ אמ ר מ שׁ ה ז ה ה דּ ב ר א שׁ ר צ וּ ה י הו ה תּ ע שׂ וּ ו י ר א א ל יכ ם כּ ב ד י הו ה (Lev 9:6) ל א ת ב ע ר וּ א שׁ בּ כ ל מ שׁ ב ת יכ ם בּ י ם ה שּׁ בּ ת פ (Exod 35:3) וּ ה צ DP3ms he commanded ע שׂ וּ תּ עשׂה QI2mp you will do י ר א ו ראה ו+ NJ3ms so that he will appear ה- 3 of ה ה Jussive because clause-initial and lost final Moses said, This the thing that YHWH has commanded you to do [lit. you will do ], so that the glory of YHWH may appear to you. ב ע ר וּ ת DI2mp you will kindle so not jussive לא א א א You shall not kindle a fire in any of your dwellings on the Sabbath day. The פ after the verse is a paragraph marker. ל א שׁ מ רוּ בּ ר ית א לה ים וּ ב ת ר ת מ א נ וּ ל ל כ ת (Psalm 78:10) מ רוּ שׁ שׁמר QP3cp they kept א נ וּ מ מאן they refused ל ל כ ת הלך ל+ Q thinks.הלללךךךךל it is 1-Yod 1-Yod drop 1-Yod and add ת in Q They did not keep God s covenant, and in his teaching they refused to walk.