Erratum to: A systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in Africa
|
|
- Gilbert Maxwell
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Kim et al. BMC Infectious Diseases (2017) 17:187 DOI /s ERRATUM Erratum to: A systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in Africa Open Access Jong-Hoon Kim 1*, Kenrad E. Nelson 2, Ursula Panzner 1, Yogita Kasture 1, Alain B. Labrique 2 and Thomas F. Wierzba 3 Erratum In this letter, we wish to correct errors in the previously published article [1]. Although the errors do not change the main results and conclusions described in the abstract of the original article, we believe providing the correct information is important. The major correction is about the genotype distribution of HEV in Africa. In the original article, we indicated that genotype 3 is rare and less commonly found than genotype 2 while genotype 1 is the most prevalent. The correct information is, however, that genotypes 2 and 3 were identified at a similar frequency while genotype 1 was the most prevalent. This error arose because the genotypes of HEV identified in seven Nigerian adults [89] were mistaken to be 2, when their actual genotype was 3. In what follows, we revised the relevant section named Genotype prevalence on page 5 of the original article and the relevant table and figure (i.e., Table 5 and Fig. 2). Genotype prevalence Data on the genotypes of circulating HEV s are available for 9 countries (16 studies). Table 5 presents a summary sorted by genotype and also provides characteristics of the sample, genomic regions tested. Genotype 1 seems to be most prevalent as it was found in Central African Republic [34], Sudan [35], Chad [28, 35], Egypt [46, 62, 124], and Namibia [88] followed by genotype 2 and 3, of which both were observed at a similar frequency. Genotype 2 was found in Central African Republic [34], Chad [35], and Namibia [87]. Genotype 3 was observed in one Egyptian child [48], one acute hepatitis patient in Mayotte (originally from France) [82], seven Nigerian adults with acute hepatitis E [89], and slaughter house workers in Madagascar [81]. Genotype prevalence can differ in neighboring countries as was demonstrated by one study in Sudan and Chad where genotype 1 was more common in Sudan and genotype 2 was more common * Correspondence: kimfinale@gmail.com 1 International Vaccine Institute, SNU Research Park, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea in Chad [35]. Figure 2 shows a map of Africa where countries in which HEV infections were observed are differently colored according to HEV genotype. We corrected additional minor errors in Tables 1 and 2 although these corrections do not cause any changes in the main text. We have made three revisions to Table 1 of the original article: (a) The seroprevalence of a Zambian population were 42% and 16%, which should be 40.6% and 16.0%, respectively [115] (b)the sample size, (n = 402), in the description of the study conducted in Ghana (the first row of Ghana) was removed to avoid duplication (c)the study of HEV in Sierra Leone was mistaken to be omitted in the original article with no reference included. It is now included in the revised Table 1 with the full reference [139] The order of table cells was rearranged for Egyptian data by descending seroprevalence to make it consistent across countries. For Table 2, some of decimal points appear as middle dots in the original article, which were revised to be the same as other decimal points (i.e., periods) in the revised Table Hodges M, Sanders E, Aitken C. Seroprevalence of hepatitis markers; HAV, HBV, HCV and HEV amongst primary school children in Freetown, Sierra Leone. West Afr J Med. 1998; 17(1): Author details 1 International Vaccine Institute, SNU Research Park, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea. 2 Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. 3 PATH, 2201 Westlake Avenue, Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98121, USA. Received: 21 February 2017 Accepted: 21 February 2017 Reference 1. Kim J-H, Nelson KE, Panzner U, Kasture Y, Labrique AB, Wierzba TF. A systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in Africa. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2014;14:308. The Author(s) Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
2 Kim et al. BMC Infectious Diseases (2017) 17:187 Page 2 of 6 Fig. 2 Map of Africa. Colored areas represent countries where HEV is endemic at least for some subpopulations or sporadic HEV cases or outbreaks have been detected. Circles indicate HEV outbreaks with centers and areas indicating the location and outbreak size, respectively. Different colors represent different genotypes. White areas indicate countries where no data is available
3 Kim et al. BMC Infectious Diseases (2017) 17:187 Page 3 of 6 Table 1 Seroprevalence of anti-hev antibodies in Africa. Seroprevalence varies by country and by subpopulation and studies were done under different conditions (e.g., sample size, demographics, and different diagnostic methods). Age of the sample is provided as mean (range or ± standard deviation, if available) Country % seroprevalence Sample demographics Sample size Year of sampling Diagnostic methods Burkina 19.1 Blood donors IgG [29] Faso 11.6 Pregnant women IgG [29] Burundi 14.0 Adults without chronic liver disease, 44.7 yrs old (±13.5) Total Ig [30] Cameroon 14.2 HIV-infected adults, 38.1 yrs old (±11.3)and IgG [32] 2.0 HIV-infected children, 8.3 yrs old (±7.5) IgG [32] CAR a 24.2 Patients attending the center for sexually transmitted b Total Ig [33] diseases Djibouti 13.0 Male peacekeepers in Haiti, 31.2 yrs old b Total Ig [42] Egypt 84.3 Pregnant women, 24 yrs old (16-48) 2, Total Ig [55] 80.1 Patients with chronic liver disease, 48 yrs old (23-62) IgG [57] 67.6 Residents of two rural villages, 24.5 and 26.5 yrs, 10, Total Ig [54] respectively 58.6 Asymptomatic pregnant women, ~33 yrs old IgG [58] 56.4 Residents of a semi-urban village, 1-67 yrs old Total Ig [51] 54.1 Four waste water treatment plant male workers, IgG [116] yrs old 51.2 Waste water treatment plant workers, 47.1 yrs old b Total Ig [60] 50.6 Waste water treatment plant workers, yrs old b Total Ig [61] 45.3 Blood donors, yrs old b IgG [52] 39.6 Haemodialysis patients, 8-20 yrs old b IgG [52] 38.9 Healthy females, 21.8 yrs old (16-25) IgG [50] 17.2 Residents of a hamlet, 20.9 yrs old (<1-95) IgG [49] 0.0 Healthy controls, yrs old IgG [116] Gabon 14.2 Pregnant women, 24.6 yrs old (14-44) , 2007 IgG [73] 0.0 Villagers, 29 yrs old (2-80) Total Ig [72] Ghana 45.3 Adult HIV patients, 40 yrs old (±9.6) IgG [32] 38.1 Pig handlers, 36.5 yrs old (12-65) b Total Ig [77] 34.8 Pig handlers, 32.9 yrs old (15-70) Total Ig [75] 28.7 Pregnant women, 28.9 yrs old (13-42) Total Ig [78] 4.6 Blood donors b IgG [76] yr olds Total Ig [74] Madagascar 14.1 Slaughterhouse workers Total Ig [81] Morocco 8.5 Blood donors IgG [85] 2.2 men (n = 232) and women (n = 259), b IgG [84] 27.7 yrs old (±5.9) Nigeria 94.0 Control healthy adults (n = 44) Total Ig [90] 43.0 Health care workers Total Ig [90] 13.4 Healthy and sick people, 29.8 yrs old (3-72) Total Ig [91] Sierra Leone 7.6 Primary school children, 6-12 yrs old b IgG [139] South Africa 10.7 Urban (n = 407) and rural (n = 360) blacks, b Total Ig [98,117] 42 yrs old (18-85) 2.6 Medical students Total Ig [97] Source
4 Kim et al. BMC Infectious Diseases (2017) 17:187 Page 4 of 6 Table 1 Seroprevalence of anti-hev antibodies in Africa. Seroprevalence varies by country and by subpopulation and studies were done under different conditions (e.g., sample size, demographics, and different diagnostic methods). Age of the sample is provided as mean (range or ± standard deviation, if available) (Continued) 1.8 Canoeists who have been regularly exposed to waste Total Ig [97] water Tanzania 6.6 Women, 32.1 yrs old (15-45) Total Ig [114] 0.2 Healthy adults, 30.3 yrs old Total Ig [112] 0.0 Women Total Ig [113] Tunisia 46.0 Healthy persons, > 60 yrs old IgG [106] 29.5 Children with chronic haematological diseases IgG [106] 28.9 Polytransfused patients; adults (n = 59, 34.8 yrs old [20-61]) and children (n = 48, 7.3 yrs old [1-15]) IgG [107] 22.0 Healthy blood donors, < 40 yrs old IgG [106] 12.1 Pregnant women, 30.1 yrs old (17-52) IgG [108] 10.0 Healthy controls; blood donors (n = 100, 31.3 yrs old [20 58]) and children, (n = 60, 7.9 yrs old [1 15]) IgG [107] 5.4 Blood donors, 32.6 yrs old (± 8.6) Total Ig [109] 4.3 Healthy persons, 20.7 yrs old (16-25) 1, b IgG [110] Zambia 40.6 c Urban adults, yrs old IgG [115] 16.0 Urban children, 1 15 yrs old IgG [115] a CAR; Central African Republic b The year of the publication c The original study reports 42%, but the actual figures indicate that 43 out of 106 specimens are positive; 43/106 =
5 Kim et al. BMC Infectious Diseases (2017) 17:187 Page 5 of 6 Table 2 Sporadic cases caused by hepatitis E virus in Africa. Proportion of sporadic hepatitis cases attributable to HEV varies by country and by subpopulation and studies were done under different conditions (e.g., sample size, demographics, and different diagnostic methods). Age of the sample is provided as mean (range or ± standard deviation, if available) Country % seropositivity Case demographics No. of cases Year of sampling Diagnostic methods Chad 48.8 Acute or fulminant hepatitis patients, 4-64 yrs old IgM [36] 20.0 a Sporadic cases RT-PCR b [27] Djibouti 58.5 Acute hepatitis patients, 21.8 yrs old (2-65) IgM [41] Egypt 24.2 Jaundiced patients, 1-73 yrs old IgM [46] 22.2 Jaundiced children, 5 yrs old (1-11) IgM [70] 21.7 Acute hepatitis patients, 26.6 yrs old (18-60) IgM [71] 20.2 Acute viral hepatitis patients, 8 yrs old IgM [62] 17.9 Acute hepatitis patients, 15.7 (± 14.9) yrs old IgM or > = 3-fold rise [69] in IgG 17.2 Children with elevated level (two-fold or more) of AST and ALT d IgM [47] 15.7 Acute hepatitis patients, 15.9 yrs old (1-65) IgM [63] 15.1 Children with acute jaundice, 6.4 yrs old (1-13) IgM [45] 12.5 Patients with acute hepatitis, 20.2 yrs old (4-65) IgM [64] 6.0 Children with minor hepatic ailments, 6 mo-10 yrs IgM [65] 5.0 Patients with acute on chronic liver failure, 46.4 yrs old IgM [66] 2.1 Acute viral hepatitis patients, 25 yrs old (2-77) IgM [76] 2.0 Hepatitis patients, 5.4 yrs old (1.5-15) RT-PCR [48] Ethiopia 45.6 Acute viral hepatitis patients with NANB FABA d [43] 31.8 Non-pregnant women with acute viral hepatitis, 30 yrs old FABA [6] 67.9 Pregnant women with acute viral hepatitis, 26 yrs old FABA [6] Mayotte Patients with acute jaundice, 46 yrs old IgM [82] Nigeria 70.0 Male patients with acute hepatitis, yrs old RT-PCR [89] Senegal 20.0 Patients with jaundice c IgM [93] 10.2 Patients with viral hepatitis c IgM [92] Somalia 61.1 Native Somalis and displaced Ethiopian patients with acute IgM [96] hepatitis, 7-90 yrs old Sudan 5.4 Patients with fulminant hepatic failure, 38 yrs old (19-75) IgM [103] 59.0 Children with acute clinical jaundice, 14 yrs old IgM [118] a 20% was extrapolated from the results of RT-PCR of 5 samples out of total 17 cases b Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction c The year of the publication d FABA; fluorescent antibody blocking assay, which is claimed to detect acute infection, not but past infection Source
6 Kim et al. BMC Infectious Diseases (2017) 17:187 Page 6 of 6 Table 5 Genotype distribution from African HEVs Genotype Country Year of sampling Sample RNA region tested Source 1 CAR a 2002 One fecal sample from an outbreak NA b [34] Chad 1984 A patient with hepatitis E Complete genome [28] 2004 Five isolates from an outbreak ORF c 2 (363 nt d ) [35] Egypt 1993 Acute hepatitis patients ORF1 (location: ) [46] Acute hepatitis patients ORF1 [62] 2012 e Sixteen isolates from acute hepatitis patients ORF2 (189 nt) [124] Namibia 1983 Nine isolates from an outbreak in Kavango ORF2 (296 nt), 3 (188 nt) [88] Sudan 2004 Twenty three isolates from an outbreak ORF2 (363 nt) [35] Uganda 2007 Internally displaced persons camp NA [123] 2008 Twenty four isolates from an outbreak NA [119] 2 CAR 2002 Three fecal samples from an outbreak NA [34] Chad 2004 Four isolates from an outbreak ORF2 (363 nt) [35] Namibia 1995 Four isolates from NANB outbreak in Rundu ORF2 (451 nt near 3'-end) [87] 3 Nigeria 2000 e Ten adult acute hepatitis patients ORF1, 2 (3'-end) [89] Egypt 2007 One 9 year-old acute hepatitis patient ORF1, 2, 2/3 [48] Mayotte 2009 One French acute hepatitis patient (46 yr old) ORF2 (288 nt) [82] Madagascar 2009 Slaughter house workers ORF2,3 (1000 nt) [81] a CAR; Central African Republic b NA; not available c ORF; open reading frame d nt; nucleotides e Publication year
AIDS in Africa. An Update. Basil Reekie
AIDS in Africa An Update Basil Reekie Contents General Statistics The trend of HIV in Africa Ugandan experience UNAIDS 2006 Latest African Statistics by Country HIV Intervention Light at the end of the
More informationMalaria Funding. Richard W. Steketee MACEPA, PATH. April World Malaria Day 2010, Seattle WA
Malaria Funding Richard W. Steketee MACEPA, PATH April World Malaria Day 2010, Seattle WA Malaria Funding Is there a plan? Is there money? Where does the money come from? Is the money moving efficiently?
More informationScaling Up Nutrition Action for Africa
Scaling Up Nutrition Action for Africa Where are we and what challenges are need to be addressed to accelerate malnutrition? Lawrence Haddad Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition Why should African political
More informationHepatitis E in South Africa. Tongai Maponga
Hepatitis E in South Africa Tongai Maponga 7th FIDSSA CONGRESS 2017 This is what usually comes to mind History of hepatitis E virus An ET-NANB hepatitis virus later named HEV was first suspected in 1980.
More informationEpidemiological profiles of viral hepatitis in Italy Effects of migration
Epidemiological profiles of viral hepatitis in Italy Effects of migration Hepatitis A and E T. Santantonio UOC di Malattie Infettive Università degli Studi di Foggia Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali
More informationUNAIDS 2013 AIDS by the numbers
UNAIDS 2013 AIDS by the numbers 33 % decrease in new HIV infections since 2001 29 % decrease in AIDS-related deaths (adults and children) since 2005 52 % decrease in new HIV infections in children since
More informationHepatitis Case Investigation
* indicates required fields Does patient also have: Hepatitis Case Investigation West Virginia Electronic Disease Surveillance System Division of Surveillance and Disease Control Infectious Disease Epidemiology
More informationUses and Misuses of Viral Hepatitis Testing. Origins of Liver Science
Uses and Misuses of Viral Hepatitis Testing Richard S Lang, MD, MPH, FACP Chairman, Preventive Medicine Vice-Chair, Wellness Institute Raul J Seballos, MD, FACP Vice-Chair, Preventive Medicine Wellness
More informationHIBA ABDALRAHIM Capsca Focal Point Public Health Authority
HIBA ABDALRAHIM Capsca Focal Point Public Health Authority Introduction Definition Symptom Transmission Global situation Local situation Control Content Introduction Yellow fever (YF) is a mosquito-borne
More informationComparative Analyses of Adolescent Nutrition Indicators
Comparative Analyses of Adolescent Nutrition Indicators Rukundo K. Benedict, PhD The DHS Program Stakeholders Consultation on Adolescent Girls Nutrition: Evidence, Guidance, and Gaps October 30 31, 2017
More informationAnnex 2 A. Regional profile: West Africa
Annex 2 A. Regional profile: West Africa 355 million people at risk for malaria in 215 297 million at high risk A. Parasite prevalence, 215 Funding for malaria increased from US$ 233 million to US$ 262
More informationCurrent State of Global HIV Care Continua. Reuben Granich 1, Somya Gupta 1, Irene Hall 2, John Aberle-Grasse 2, Shannon Hader 2, Jonathan Mermin 2
Current State of Global HIV Care Continua Reuben Granich 1, Somya Gupta 1, Irene Hall 2, John Aberle-Grasse 2, Shannon Hader 2, Jonathan Mermin 2 1) International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
More informationGABON. Neglected tropical disease treatment report profile for mass treatment of NTDs
GABON Neglected tropical disease treatment report 2017 1 2017 profile for mass treatment of NTDs NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a group of preventable and treatable
More informationRama Nada. - Malik
- 2 - Rama Nada - - Malik 1 P a g e We talked about HAV in the previous lecture, now we ll continue the remaining types.. Hepatitis E It s similar to virus that infect swine, so its most likely infect
More informationEXPLANATION OF INDICATORS CHOSEN FOR THE 2017 ANNUAL SUN MOVEMENT PROGRESS REPORT
UNICEF / Zar Mon Annexes EXPLANATION OF INDICATORS CHOSEN FOR THE 2017 ANNUAL SUN MOVEMENT PROGRESS REPORT This report includes nine nutrition statistics, as per the 2017 Global Nutrition Report. These
More informationSpecific issues related to FMD surveillance in the eastern Africa sub-region. Gideon Brückner
Specific issues related to FMD surveillance in the eastern Africa sub-region Gideon Brückner 1 Why do we do surveillance for FMD? Demonstrating freedom from FMD, FMDV infection and/or FMDV transmission
More informationA systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in Africa
Kim et al. BMC Infectious Diseases 2014, 14:308 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access A systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in Africa Jong-Hoon Kim 1, Kenrad E Nelson 2, Ursula Panzner 1,
More informationRift Valley Fever. What is Rift Valley Fever?
Rift Valley Fever What is Rift Valley Fever? Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a peracute or acute insect-borne disease of man and animals, historically restricted to Africa. An outbreak of RVF in animals frequently
More informationWhat is this document and who is it for?
Measles and Rubella Initiative s Standard Operating Procedures for Accessing Support for Measles and Rubella Supplementary Immunization Activities During 2016 In the context of measles and rubella elimination
More informationIMMUNIZATION VACCINES & EMERGENCIES
No report No data No data IMMUNIZATION VACCINES & EMERGENCIES ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION PERFORMANCE IN THE AFRICAN REGION October 2013 issue Number of children vaccinated with the 3 rd dose of DTPcontaining
More informationViral Hepatitis in Reproductive Health
Viral Hepatitis in Reproductive Health Training Course in Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Geneva 2010 Dr José M Bengoa Dr Pierre Jean Malè Consultants Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
More informationSpectrum. Quick Start Tutorial
Spectrum Quick Start Tutorial March 2005 Table of Contents Introduction... 2 What you will learn... 4 Basic Steps in Using Spectrum... 4 Step 1. Installing Spectrum... 4 Step 2. Changing the language in
More informationSGCEP SCIE 1121 Environmental Science Spring 2012 Section Steve Thompson:
SGCEP SCIE 1121 Environmental Science Spring 2012 Section 20531 Steve Thompson: steventhompson@sgc.edu http://www.bioinfo4u.net/ 1 First, a brief diversion... Into... how to do better on the next exam,
More informationTHE CARE WE PROMISE FACTS AND FIGURES 2017
THE CARE WE PROMISE FACTS AND FIGURES 2017 2 SOS CHILDREN S VILLAGES INTERNATIONAL WHERE WE WORK Facts and Figures 2017 205 58 79 families and transit 31 Foster homes 162 8 3 173 214 2 115 159 136 148
More information! Multisectoral Information, Data, Research & Evidence - for Health, Population, Human & Social Development!
Pan African Campaign To End Forced Marriage of Under Age Children Advancing Multi-sectoral Policy & Investment for Girls, Women, & Children s Health 2015 Africa Scorecard On Maternal Health & Maternal
More informationChildren in Africa. Key statistics on child survival, protection and development
Children in Key statistics on child survival, protection and development Key Statistics In, mortality rates among children under five decreased by 48 per cent between 199 and 13, but still half of the
More informationProcedure for Expedited Review of imported pre-qualified vaccines for use in national immunization programmes
Procedure for Expedited Review of imported pre-qualified vaccines for use in national immunization programmes Dr Nora Dellepiane/Dr Anil Kumar Chawla WHO/HQ-Geneva, Switzerland 1 Expedited review procedure
More informationAge-Sex Structure for Selected African countries in the early 2000s
Age-Sex Structure for Selected African countries in the early 2000s Abstract This paper uses data from the recent United Nations population projections to examine the changing age-sex structure in selected
More informationAmerican Osteopathic College of Occupational and Preventive Medicine 2012 Mid-Year Educational Conference St. Petersburg, Florida
Vaccine policy in the US Disease Prevention and Control: Vaccination Recommendations and Travel Medicine Update Lisa A. Klatka, DO, MS Medina County Health Department Medina, OH Manufacturers publish product
More informationSummary of Key Points WHO Position Paper on Vaccines against Hepatitis E Virus(HEV) May 2015
Summary of Key Points WHO Position Paper on Vaccines against Hepatitis E Virus(HEV) May 2015 1 Background l Hepatitis E Virus (HEV): leading cause of acute viral hepatitis in developing countries. l Genotypes
More informationVPD in Mediterranean Basin and Black Sea: the Polio case
Screening practices for infectious diseases among newly arrived migrants and Vaccine Preventable Disease (VPD): strategies and coverage ISS 29 MAY 2015 VPD in Mediterranean Basin and Black Sea: the Polio
More information( A JICA-IRRI-PhilRice Initiative) Presented by Noel Magor, Head Unit Impact Acceleration and Training Center, IRRI
( A JICA-IRRI-PhilRice Initiative) Presented by Noel Magor, Head Unit Impact Acceleration and Training Center, IRRI Long partnership between; IRRI & PhilRice IRRI & JICA PhilRice & JICA The Season Long
More informationHealth systems and HIV: advocacy. Interagency Coalition on AIDS and Development
Health systems and HIV: Priorities for civil society advocacy Michelle Munro Interagency Coalition on AIDS and Development 1 Overview GTAG, civil society and health systems advocacy Health systems and
More informationEpidemiology of hepatitis E infection in Hong Kong
RESEARCH FUND FOR THE CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES Epidemiology of hepatitis E infection in Hong Kong DPC Chan *, KCK Lee, SS Lee K e y M e s s a g e s 1. The overall anti hepatitis E virus (HEV) seropositivity
More informationMain global and regional trends
I N T R O D U C T I O N Main global and regional trends Promising developments have been seen in recent years in global efforts to address the AS epidemic, including increased access to effective treatment
More informationCREOLE Study: Comparison of Three Combination Therapies in Lowering Blood Pressure in Black Africans. CREOLE Study
CREOLE Study: Comparison of Three Combination Therapies in Lowering Blood Pressure in Black Africans CREOLE Study BARASA FA. MMED, FIC Cardiologist, MTRH Eldoret Disclosures CREOLE protocol is being funded
More informationEligibility List 2018
The Global Fund s 2017-2022 strategy and allocation-based approach enables strategic investment to accelerate the end of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria and build resilient and sustainable systems for
More informationGlobal summary of the AIDS epidemic, December 2007
Global summary of the AIDS epidemic, December 27 Number of people living with HIV in 27 Total Adults Women Children under 15 years 33.2 million [3.6 36.1 million] 3.8 million [28.2 33.6 million] 15.4 million
More informationUpdate on PMTCT. African Health Profession Regulatory Collaborative for Nurses and Midwives. Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa, June 18-22, 2012
PMTCT Update Update on PMTCT Margarett Davis, MD, MPH Chief, Maternal and Child Health Branch Division of Global HIV/AIDS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) African Health Profession Regulatory
More informationIs it the time to start blood screening for Hepatitis-E?
Is it the time to start blood screening for Hepatitis-E? Dr. Somnath Mukherjee MD, MAMS Assistant Professor All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar During last 25 years the safety of blood
More informationASLM Anti-microbial Resistance in Africa and Global Health Security. 9TH INTEREST WORKSHOP May 2015 Harare
ASLM Anti-microbial Resistance in Africa and Global Health Security 9TH INTEREST WORKSHOP 2015 8 May 2015 Harare Recent Jim O Neil Report commissioned by the UK government predicts dire consequences of
More informationE E Hepatitis E SARS 29, Lancet. E A B Enterically-Transmitted Non-A, Hepatitis E. Virus HEV nm. 1.35g/cm s ALT AST HEV HEV
7850 2004 Hepatitis E Tian-Cheng LI Naokazu TAKEDA Tatsuo MIYAMURA SARS 8 Lancet E E E Hepatitis E VirusHEV E E HEV HEV E 1955 29,000 E E A A B Enterically-Transmitted Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis 1983 Balayan
More informationThis also applies to all travellers transiting through countries with risk of transmission of yellow fever.
JAMAICA YELLOW FEVER ENTRY REQUIREMENTS 29 MAY 2016 Vaccination against yellow fever is required to prevent the importation of yellow fever virus into Jamaica where the disease does not occur but where
More informationFood Production and Violent Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa. - Supplementary Information -
Food Production and Violent Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa - Supplementary Information - Halvard Buhaug a,b,1, Tor A. Benaminsen c,a, Espen Sjaastad c & Ole Magnus Theisen b,a a Peace Research Institute
More informationGlobal reductions in measles mortality and the risk of measles resurgence
Global reductions in measles mortality 2000 2008 and the risk of measles resurgence Measles is one of the most contagious human diseases. In 1980 before the use of measles vaccine was widespread, there
More informationPrioritizing Emergency Polio Eradication Activities
Prioritizing Emergency Polio Eradication Activities Managing the Financing Gap the other half of the Emergency Hamid Jafari GPEI Financing 2012-13: Budget = $2.23 b - Confirmed contributions = $1.14 b
More informationViral Hepatitis. Viral Hepatitis. Infectious Disease Epidemiology BMTRY 713 Viral Hepatitis. March 23, Selassie AW (DPHS, MUSC) 1
Infectious Disease Epidemiology BMTRY 713 (A. Selassie, DrPH) Lecture 19 Learning Objectives 1. Describe the epidemiology of viral hepatitis 2. Identify the biologic characteristics of the various viruses
More informationYellow fever laboratory capacity on-site assessments in Africa: preliminary findings
Yellow fever laboratory capacity on-site assessments in Africa: preliminary findings Maurice Demanou*, Barbara W. Johnson, Gamou Fall, Jean-Luc Betoulle, Chantal Reusken, Marion Koopmans, Lee Hampton,
More informationCONGO (DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC) WCPT COUNTRY PROFILE December 2018
CONGO (DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC) WCPT COUNTRY PROFILE December 2018 180 800 7,740 19,680 1,583,361 420,254 CONGO (DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC) NUMBERS 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Physical therapists in the
More informationWild Poliovirus Weekly Update
1 of 5 12/07/2010 12:09 PM Google search this site contact links donate Home > Global Situation Wild Poliovirus Weekly Update 7 July 2010 Data as at 6 July 2010 Map of polio cases worldwide Wild poliovirus
More informationESCMID Online Lecture Library. by author
Challenges and Controversies in Vaccination TRAVEL VACCINES Resat Ozaras, MD, Professor, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School Infectious Dis. Dept. Risk of exposure The severity of the disease
More informationImpact of Pathology Implementation Strategies in Sub Saharan Africa
Impact of Pathology Implementation Strategies in Sub Saharan Africa June 2015 ascp.org PATHOLOGY IN AFRICA Large abdominal wall mass What do you do?? Large lesion non-diagnostic? Have to do additional
More informationThe Promise of Introducing Rubella Containing Vaccines on the Impact of Rubella and Measles Control
The Promise of Introducing Rubella Containing Vaccines on the Impact of Rubella and Measles Control GAVI Partners Forum 4 6 December 2012, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Maya van den Ent, MPH, UNICEF Peter Strebel,
More informationPROGRESS REPORT ON THE ROAD MAP FOR ACCELERATING THE ATTAINMENT OF THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS RELATED TO MATERNAL AND NEWBORN HEALTH IN AFRICA
5 July 2011 REGIONAL COMMITTEE FOR AFRICA ORIGINAL: ENGLISH Sixty-first session Yamoussoukro, Côte d Ivoire, 29 August 2 September 2011 Provisional agenda item 17.1 PROGRESS REPORT ON THE ROAD MAP FOR
More informationAfrican Gender and Development Index
African Gender and Development Index EXPERTS MEETING ON METHODOLOGIES FOR REGIONAL INTEGRATION INDEX 26 SEPTEMBER 2018 ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA Outline 1. The African Gender and Development Index 2. Gender
More informationPOLIOMYELITIS ERADICATION: PROGRESS REPORT. Information Document CONTENTS BACKGROUND PROGRESS MADE NEXT STEPS... 12
5 August 9 REGIONAL COMMITTEE FOR AFRICA ORIGINAL: ENGLISH Fifty-ninth session Kigali, Republic of Rwanda, August 4 September 9 POLIOMYELITIS ERADICATION: PROGRESS REPORT Information Document CONTENTS
More informationTHE FUTURE OF ADULT MORTALITY UNDER THE AIDS THREAT: ESTIMATING AND PROJECTING INCIDENCE; PROJECTING MORTALITY WITH HIV/AIDS *
UN/POP/MORT/2003/11 2 September 2003 ENGLISH ONLY WORKSHOP ON HIV/AIDS AND ADULT MORTALITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Population Division Department of Economic and Social Affairs United Nations Secretariat
More informationHepatitis A-E Viruses. Dr Nemes Zsuzsanna
Hepatitis A-E Viruses Dr Nemes Zsuzsanna Viral Hepatitis - Historical Perspectives Infectious A E Enterically transmitted Viral hepatitis NANB Serum B D C Parenterally transmitted HGV, TTV, SEN, other
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY APPENDICES FOR ONLINE PUBLICATION. Supplement to: All-Cause Mortality Reductions from. Measles Catch-Up Campaigns in Africa
SUPPLEMENTARY APPENDICES FOR ONLINE PUBLICATION Supplement to: All-Cause Mortality Reductions from Measles Catch-Up Campaigns in Africa (by Ariel BenYishay and Keith Kranker) 1 APPENDIX A: DATA DHS survey
More informationUpdate from GAVI Aurelia Nguyen
Update from GAVI Aurelia Nguyen (Copenhagen, Denmark, 27 June 2012) GAVI vaccine support Currently supported vaccines: pentavalent, pneumococcal, rotavirus, meningitis A, human papillomavirus (HPV), rubella,
More informationExcellence and Originality from Necessity: Palliative Care in Africa. Dr Emmanuel Luyirika Executive Director, African Palliative Care Association
Excellence and Originality from Necessity: Palliative Care in Africa Dr Emmanuel Luyirika Executive Director, African Palliative Care Association Summary of the presentation 1. Introduction 2. Background
More informationSchistosomiasis Alan Fenwick
Professor Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College, London 1 (Bilharzia) is caused by trematode worms which inhabit the blood vessels around the bladder or in
More informationAfrica s slow fertility transition
Africa s slow fertility transition John Bongaarts Population Council, New York Süssmilch Lecture Max Planck Institute, Rostock 3 Sep 215 Billions 4 3 Population projections for sub-saharan Africa 215 projection
More informationHEPATITIS VIRUSES. Other causes (not exclusively hepatitis v.)also called sporadic hepatitis: HEPATITIS A(infectious hepatitis)
Dept.of Microbiology/Virology Assist.prof. Shatha F. Abdullah HEPATITIS VIRUSES Medically important hepatitis v. (liver)are: 1.HAV 2.HBV 3.HCV 4.HDV 5.HEV 6.HGV Other causes (not exclusively hepatitis
More informationDisparities in access: renewed focus on the underserved. Rick Johnston, WHO UNC Water and Health, Chapel Hill 13 October, 2014
Disparities in access: renewed focus on the underserved Rick Johnston, WHO UNC Water and Health, Chapel Hill 13 October, 2014 Sector proposal for post-2015 targets By 2030: to eliminate open defecation;
More informationGender, Poverty, and Health in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Framework for Analysis
Gender, Poverty, and Health in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Framework for Analysis Pathways to Improved Health Outcomes Health outcomes Households/ Communities Household behaviors & risk factors Community factors
More informationSTUDENT MEDICAL FORM
STUDENT MEDICAL FORM Welcome to MARYMOUNT UNIVERSITY! All students are required to complete demographic, insurance information, and immunization history. All Marymount students born after December 31,
More informationHEPATITIS E. Enterically transmitted zoonotic RNA virus in the genus Hepevirus 7200 bases 3 ORFs
HEPATITIS E and HIV Kenneth E. Sherman, MD, PhD Gould Professor of Medicine Director, Division of Digestive Diseases University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Case Presentation A 54 yo man with HBV/HIV
More informationProgress has been made with respect to health conditions.
health Strong performers in reducing child mortality 199-2 Niger Guinea-Bissau Guinea Ethiopia Benin 2 199 Strong performers in reducing maternal mortality 199-2 Djibouti Madagascar Eritrea Comoros Somalia
More informationProposed 1 st IS for Hepatitis E Virus RNA WHO/BS/
www.pei.de Proposed 1 st IS for Hepatitis E Virus RNA WHO/BS/09.2126 S. Baylis, Division of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany SoGAT XXII 14 th -15 th April 2011, Rome, Italy Presented at:
More informationFertility and Family Planning in Africa: Call for Greater Equity Consciousness
Fertility and Family Planning in Africa: Call for Greater Equity Consciousness Eliya Msiyaphazi Zulu President, Union for African Population Studies Director of Research, African Population & Health Research
More informationWorld Organisation for Animal Health Protecting animals, Preserving our future 1
World Organisation for Animal Health Protecting animals, Preserving our future 1 World Organisation for Animal Health Protecting animals, Preserving our future 2 Samuel Wakhusama Deputy-Representative
More informationOkwen PM 1,2, Maweu IW 1,3, Ndimbum CN 1, Evina Danielle 2 Ongolo-Zogo Pierre 2, George Nel 4, Anastase Dzudzie 4, Dike Orji 4, Mayosi Bongani 4
Clinical Practice Guidelines for detection and management of Hypertension in Africa: Different Levels of Success and Diverse Needs for Adaptation and Development Authors Okwen PM 1,2, Maweu IW 1,3, Ndimbum
More informationExpert Group Meeting on the Regional Report for the African Gender and Development Index
Expert Group Meeting on the Regional Report for the African Gender and Development Index 9-10 October 2017 United Nations Conference Centre, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Aide Memoire July 2017 I. Background and
More informationViral Hepatitis Diagnosis and Management
Viral Hepatitis Diagnosis and Management CLINICAL BACKGROUND Viral hepatitis is a relatively common disease (25 per 100,000 individuals in the United States) caused by a diverse group of hepatotropic agents
More information#TEAM45. Fundraising Guide
#TEAM45 Fundraising Guide Action Against Hunger USA One Whitehall Street, 2nd Floor New York, NY 10004 212.967.7800 info@actionagainsthunger.org www.actionagainsthunger.org WELCOME TO #TEAM45! Thank you
More informationWild Poliovirus*, 03 Aug 2004 to 02 Aug 2005
Wild Poliovirus*, 03 Aug 2004 to 02 Aug 2005 Wild virus type 1 Wild virus type 3 Wild virus type 1 & 3 Endemic countries Re-established transmission countries Case or outbreak following importation *Excludes
More informationViral hepatitis. Supervised by: Dr.Gaith. presented by: Shaima a & Anas & Ala a
Viral hepatitis Supervised by: Dr.Gaith presented by: Shaima a & Anas & Ala a Etiology Common: Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Hepatitis E Less common: Cytomegalovirus EBV Rare: Herpes
More informationChallenges and Opportunities to Optimizing the HIV Care Continuum Can We Test and Treat Enough People to Make a Seismic Difference by 2030?
Challenges and Opportunities to Optimizing the HIV Care Continuum Can We Test and Treat Enough People to Make a Seismic Difference by 2030? Reuben Granich, MD, MPH Strategic and Scientific Advisor International
More informationIMMUNIZATION VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
IMMUNIZATION VACCINE DEVELOPMENT MONTHLY IMMUNIZATION AND POLIO UPDATE IN THE AFRICAN REGION January February 2017 (Vol 5 issue N 1) District data completeness and coverage of DTP3 containing vaccine per
More informationAddressing climate change driven health challenges in Africa
Addressing climate change driven health challenges in Africa Ednah N Ototo, Parasitologist, Climate Change and Health Kenyatta University, Kenya Kenya Medical Research Institute Outline The impact of climate
More informationGlobal Measles and Rubella Update. April 2018
Global Measles and Rubella Update April 218 Measles Number of Reported Measles by WHO Regions 218 Region Member States* Suspected cases Measles cases Clin Epi Lab Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct
More informationPerformance of National Measles Case-Based Surveillance Systems in The WHO African Region
Research Article Open Access Performance of National Measles Case-Based Surveillance Systems in The WHO African Region. 2012 2016 Balcha Masresha 1 *, Reggis Katsande 1, Richard Luce 2, Amadou Fall 3,
More informationUpdate on progress of MPP sublicensees
Update on progress of MPP sublicensees Medicines Patent Pool SEPTEMBER 2018 SUMMARY This presentation showcases the progress made by MPP licensees (generic pharmaceutical companies) To date, MPP has signed
More informationViral Hepatitis - Historical Perspective
Viral Hepatitis - Historical Perspective Infectious A E Enterically transmitted Viral hepatitis NANB Serum B D F, G,? other C Parenterally transmitted Before the discovery of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and
More informationIMMUNIZATION & VACCINE PREVENTABLE DISEASES
IMMUNIZATION & VACCINE PREVENTABLE DISEASES MONTHLY IMMUNIZATION UPDATE IN THE AFRICAN REGION July-August 2015 (Vol 3, issue N 6 ) Special issue on WHO/UNICEF Estimates of National Immunization Coverage
More informationTest Name Results Units Bio. Ref. Interval
LL - LL-ROHINI (NATIONAL REFERENCE 135091650 Age 49 Years Gender Male 29/8/2017 120000AM 29/8/2017 100248AM 29/8/2017 105306AM Ref By Final HEATITIS, VIRAL, COMREHENSIVE ANEL HEATITIS A ANTIBODY (ANTI
More informationSeroprevalence and predictors of hepatitis E infection in Nigerian children
Original Article Seroprevalence and predictors of hepatitis E infection in Nigerian children Emmanuel Ekanem 1, Joanah Ikobah 1, Henry Okpara 2, Jacob Udo 1 1 Department of Paediatrics, University of Calabar
More informationAFRICAN GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN S EMPOWERMENT SCORECARD
AFRICAN GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN S EMPOWERMENT SCORECARD July 2016 African Union Commission AFRICAN GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN S EMPOWERMENT SCORECARD July 2016 African Union Commission Copyright 2016
More informationHepatitis B and C Basics
Hepatitis B and C Basics What is the liver? The liver is the largest internal organ that performs many important functions. Stores nutrients and vitamins Fights infection Stores energy Removes harmful
More informationDemographic Transitions, Solidarity Networks and Inequality Among African Children: The Case of Child Survival? Vongai Kandiwa
Demographic Transitions, Solidarity Networks and Inequality Among African Children: The Case of Child Survival? Vongai Kandiwa PhD Candidate, Development Sociology and Demography Cornell University, 435
More informationAnalysis of Immunization Financing Indicators from the WHO-UNICEF Joint Reporting Form (JRF),
Analysis of Immunization Financing Indicators from the WHO-UNICEF Joint Reporting Form (JRF), 2008-2010 Claudio Politi and Oumar Sagna Department of Immunization Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health
More informationHepa%%s E Virus Is it a Concern?
IPFA/PEI 17 th Workshop on Surveillance and Screening of Blood Borne Pathogens 26-27 May 2010, The Regent Esplanade Zagreb Hotel, Zagreb, Croa%a Hepa%%s E Virus Is it a Concern? Keiji Matsubayashi Hokkaido
More informationFEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION/CUTTING: What might the future hold?
FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION/CUTTING: What might the future hold? UNICEF/NYHQ213-42/Asselin The mutilation or cutting of female genitals, also known as FGM/C, has been practised for centuries among population
More informationHepatitis Serology and Background Notes
Hepatitis Serology and Background Notes Updated and presented by David Dickeson 2012 Collated by Evelyn Crewe 2010 Centre for Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Laboratory Services Institute of Clinical
More informationHepatitis E FAQs for Health Professionals
Hepatitis E FAQs for Health Professionals Index of Questions ± Overview and Statistics What is Hepatitis E? How common is Hepatitis E in the United States? Where is Hepatitis E most common? Are there different
More informationTHE TREATMENT GAP AND POSSIBLE THERAPIES OF EPILEPSY IN SUB- SAHARAN AFRICA
THE TREATMENT GAP AND POSSIBLE THERAPIES OF EPILEPSY IN SUB- SAHARAN AFRICA DR A.O. CHARWAY-FELLI, MD, PhD NEUROLOGIST 37 MILITARY HOSPITAL, ACCRA, GHANA SECRETARY-GENERAL AFRICAN ACADEMY OF NEUROLOGY
More informationWorld Toilet Day: Eradicating open defecation still a challenge in Ghana
Dispatch No. 60 19 November 2015 World Toilet Day: Eradicating open defecation still a challenge in Ghana Afrobarometer Dispatch No. 60 Daniel Armah-Attoh Summary Ghana has been observing Toilet Day since
More informationWhat is the recent experience of programs that distribute contraceptives free of charge versus for a price?
What is the recent experience of programs that distribute contraceptives free of charge versus for a price? A Review of the Literature Jane T. Bertrand and Rebecca Emel 8 October 2015 @rhsupplies @rh_supplies
More information