Broviac catheter, 233 Brucellosis,

Transcription

1 Index Abscess, 225 retropharyngeal, 76 Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, 35, 49, 134 antibiotics, home intravenous, 235 diarrhea, 57 antibiotics, 59 ciprofloxacin, 59 etiologies, 58 diffuse lymphadenopathy, 44 esophagitis, 61 fever, gastrointestinal infections, generalized lymphadenopathy, 45 oral thrush, 61 patient evaluation, 53 physical examination, 36 symptoms, 36 test, 50 Acquired immune deficiency syndrome enteropathy, 58 Acquired immune deficiency syndrome test, 50 AIDS: see Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS-related complex, 49; see also Acquired immune deficiency syndrome azidothymidine, 56 diarrhea, 57 patient evaluation, 53 Amantadine influenza-a-related bronchitis, 80 in viral influenza, 13 Amebiasis, 42 Aminoglycosides, 220 administration, 221 Amoxicillin cystitis, 120 Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 68 human bite wound, 189 Amphotericin B, 61 home intravenous, 235 sinusitis, fungal, 69 Ampicillin, 59, 68 Animal bites risk of rabies, 185 wound management, Antibiotics aminoglycoside, 220 animal bites, 186 assays, 221 diarrhea and, dog bites, 191 home intravenous, Broviac catheter, 233 case reports, choice of agent, 235 cost savings, 231 Hickman catheter, 233 initial administration, 234 major indications, 230 rationale,

2 242 Antibiotics (cont.) human bite wounds, 189 intravenous, 229 serum levels, monitoring, 220 in vaccines, 2 see also specific agents Antirabies serum, 10 Arthritis, septic, 230, 236 Augmentin: see Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid Azidothymidine, AIDS-related complex, 56 availability, 54 cost, 55 Pneumocystitis carinii pneumonia, 55 recommended dosage, 55 side effects, 55 Stevens-Johnson syndrome, 55 Bacteremia ceftriaxone, 235 gram-negative, 219 Salmonella, 142 transient, , 219 cardiac catheterization, 200 childbirth, 200 dental procedures, 199 diagnostic procedures, 199 urethral catheterization, 200 Beh'<et' s disease, 180 Bicuspid aortic valve, 200 Bites: see Animal bites; Cat bites; Dog bites; Human bites Bone infection, 225 ceftriaxone, 235 Bronchitis acute, antibiotics and, 80 causative agents, 79 chest x ray, 80 chronic, airflow obstruction, 81 antibiotic therapies, causes, 81 differential diagnosis, 81 exacerbation, influenza immunization, 85 pathogenic organisms contributing to exacerbation of, 82 prevalence, 81 prophylactic antibiotic, 85 smoking and, 81 Broviac catheter, 233 Brucellosis, Candida albicans gastrointestinal infections, 60 vaginitis, 110 Candidiasis, vaginal, Carbuncles, 225 Cardiac catheterization, 200 Cat bites, 192 Cat scratch disease, Cefaclor, 68 Cefadroxil, 189 Cefazolin, 236 cellulitis, 175 home intravenous, 236 Cefoperazone, 236 Cefoxitin, 236 Ceftriaxone antibacterial activity, 236 bacteremia, 235 bone infections, 235 epiglottitis, 75 gonococcal pharyngitis, 73 gonococcal urethritis, 118 home intravenous, 235 rectal gonococcal infection, 41 serum half-life, 235 Cefuroxime, 236 Cellulitis antibiotic therapy, 175 causative agents, diagnosis, 175 erythema nodosum, 179 microbiological evaluation, 226 streptococcal, 175 tinea pedis infection, 175 Centers for Disease Control, 11 Cephalosporin( s) extended-spectrum, 236 human bite wound, 189 see also specific agents Cephalexin cystitis, 120 pneumonia, 95 Childbirth, 200 Chlamydia, urethritis, 106 Chlamydia trachomatis, 39-40, 102, detection,

3 243 Chlamydia trachomatis (cont.) pharyngitis, 75 proctitis, treatment, Chloramphenicol, 59 epiglottitis, 75 postanginal sepsis, 76 retropharyngeal abscess, 76 Cholera, vaccination, 8 Cholera vaccine, 20 travelers and, 24 Chronic fatigue syndrome: see Mononucleosis, chronic infectious Ciprofloxacin, 59 Clindamycin, 60 cellulitis, 175 human bite wound, 189 postanginal sepsis, 76 retropharyngeal abscess, 76 Clotrimazole, 61 Coccidioidomycosis, 180 Colitis, Entamoeba histolytica, 40 Corticosteroids, erythema nodosum, 181 Corynebacterium hemolyticum, pharyngitis, 74 Cystic fibrosis, 67 bacterial, bacterial causative pathogens, 119 bacterial therapy, 119 recurrent, Cystoscopy, 123 Cytomegalovirus infection, 43, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, 60 gancyclovir in, 60 gastrointestinal infections, 60 Dapsone, Pneumocystitis carinii pneumonia, 57 Delhi belly, 29 Dental extraction, 197 Diabetes mellitus, sinusitis, fungal, 69 Diagnostic procedures, bacteremia and, 199 Diarrhea antibiotic-associated, bacterial agents, 29 clinical presentation, 30 etiologies, 58 infectious, Aeromonas, 167 Campylobacter, 164 cryptosporidiosis, Escherichia coli, 167 Diarrhea (cont.) infectious (cont.) frequency, 226 gastric acidity, 156 intestinal motility, 156 management, pathogens, 158, Salmonella, Shigella, stool cultures, Yersinia enterocolitica, 168 management, travelers and, Diffuse lymphadenopathy, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, 44 cytomegalovirus infection, 43 hepatitis B and, 43 Hodgkin's disease and, 43 infectious mononucleosis and, 43 Kaposi's sarcoma and, 43 syphilis and, 43 toxoplasmosis and, 43 tuberculosis and, 43 Diphtheria immunization, updating, 21 immunity, 4 Dog bites, 183, antibiotics, 191 crush wounds, 190 osteomyelitis, 192 wound management, Doxycycline urethral syndrome, 118 Endocarditis bicuspid aortic valve, 200 dental procedure, 198 enterococcal, 198 genitourinary tract procedure, 198 infective mortality, 197 treatment, 236 mitral valve prolapse, 200 rheumatic heart disease, 202 staphylococcal, 236 streptococcal, 198 subacute bacterial, 139 Endocarditis prophylaxis antibiotic regimen, 204

4 244 Endocarditis prophylaxis (cont.) antibiotics, 197 cardiac lesions, 202 dental extraction, 197 rheumatic valvular heart disease, 203 Entamoeba histolytica colitis, 40 liver abscess, 40 Enterocolitis, 37 Enterocolitis syndrome, 40 Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests, 227 Epiglottitis, 75 Epstein-Barr virus, 126; see also Mononucleosis chronic, 147 chronic infectious mononucleosis, 149 Erysipelas, 175 Erythema nodosum, disease, 180 cellulitis, 179 coccidioidomycosis, 180 diagnosis, gastroenteritis, 180 hepatitis B, 180 histoplasmosis, 180 leptospirosis, 180 Reiter's syndrome, 180 sarcoidosis, 180 streptococcal infections, 170 syphilis, 180 treatment, Erythromycin cellulitis, 175 chlamydia! urethritis, 106 chronic bronchitis, 83 gonorrhea, 115 pneumonia, 95 streptococcal pharyngitis, 72 Esophagitis, 61 B e h ~ e t ' s Fansidar, 29 Fever acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Folliculitis, 176 Francisella tularensis, 74-75, 141 Frei test, 40 Furunculosis, 176 Gancyclovir, 60 Gardner ella vaginosis, Gastroenteritis, 180 Gastrointestinal infections acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Candida albicans, 60 herpes simplex, 60 Gay bowel syndrome, 35 Geriatrics, diphtheria-tetanus vaccine, 5 Giardia Iamblia, 40 Giardiasis, 42 Gonorrhea, erythromycin, 115 test, Gui!lain-Barre syndrome, 128 Health Information for International Travel, 7 Hepatitis non-a, non-b, 27 serological tests, 133 Hepatitis A immune globulins, 27 travelers and, Hepatitis B, 2, 13-15, 180 diffuse lymphadenopathy and, 43 mortality, 13 prevalence, 13 prophylaxis, 14 travelers and, 27 Hepatitis B immune globulin, 15, 27 Hepatitis B vaccine, 14 personnel at risk, 6 pregnancy, 6 recombinant, 14 travelers, 20 Herpes simplex gastrointestinal infections, 60 proctitis, 39 Hickman catheter, 233 Histoplasmosis, 180 Hodgkin's disease, 43 Homosexuality, 35; see also Male homosexual Human bites, antibiotics, 189 clenched-fist injuries, 188 infection, 187 Immune serum globulin, 2, 9, 20 Immunization adults, 3 cholera, 8 defined, I

5 245 Immunization (cont.) diphtheria, 4 geriatrics, 5 Japanese B encephalitis, 8-9 mechanism, 2 mumps, 4 pertussis, 4 pregnancy, 5 routine, adult, 4 rubella, 4 tetanus, 4, 9-10 travelers, 6-9 typhoid fever, 7-8 yellow fever, 8 Indomethacin, 60 International Certificate of Vaccination, Isoniazid, 143, 213 chemoprophylaxis, 214 hepatitis, 214 Japanese B encephalitis vaccination, 8-9 contraindications, 9 Japanese encephalitis vaccine, travelers and, 26 Kaposi's sarcoma, 43 Ketoconazole, 61 vaginal candidiasis, 112 Leptospirosis, , 180 Leukemia, 144 Liver abscess, Entamoeba histolytica, 40 Lupus erythematosus, systemic, 143 Lyme disease, 138, Lymphogranuloma venereum, 136 Lymphoma, 44 Malaria, 27-29, 135 Far.sidar, 29 mortality, 27 prevalence, 27 prophylaxis, 28 Male homosexuals diffuse lymphadenopathy, enterocolitis, 37, 40 Giardia Iamblia, 40 gonococcal proctitis, 39 intestinal tract, infectious agents isolated from, 37 proctocolitis, 37 Male homosexuals (cont.) rectal gonococcal infection, ceftriaxone in, 41 rectal syphilis, 38 Mantoux test, 209, 210 Measles, morbidity, 22 Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, side effects, 22 Meningococcal infection, quadrivalent vaccine, 26 Meningococcemia, Menopause, 110 Methylprenisolone, chronic bronchitis, 85 Metronidazole amebiasis, 42 Gardnerella vaginosis, 114 giardiasis, 4 2 postanginal sepsis, 76 trichomonal vaginitis, 113 Minocycline, 68 Mitral valve prolapse, 200 Mononucleosis acute infections, age, peak incidence, 125 carrier state, 125 clinical manifestations, complications, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, 128 hepatomegaly, 128 laboratory diagnoses, 128 postanginal sepsis, 129 splenic rupture, therapy, 130 chronic infectious classification, 148 diagnosis, differential diagnosis, 152 infectious, diffuse lymphadenopathy and, 43 Mononucleosislike syndrome, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, 134 adverse drug reactions, 143 bacteremia, Salmonella, 142 brucellosis, cat scratch disease, Chlamydia infections, 136 cytomegalovirus infection, hepatitis, 133 juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, 143 leptospirosis,

6 246 Mononucleosislike syndrome (cont.) leukemia, 144 Lyme disease, 138 lymphogranuloma venereum, 136 lymphoma, 144 malaria, 135 meningococcemia, subacute bacterial endocarditis, 139 syphilis, 137 systemic lupus erythematosus, 143 toxoplasmosis, trichinosis, tuberculosis, 142 tularemia, 141 Yersinia infections, 140 Montezuma's revenge, 29 Mumps, immunity, 4 Nitrofurantoin, cystitis, 120, 122 Norfloxacin, gonococcal pharyngitis, 73 Oral thrush, 61 Osteomyelitis, 192, staphylococcal, 236 Oxymetazoline, 67 Papanicolaou smear, 113 Pelvic inflammatory disease, home intravenous antibiotic therapy, 230 Penicillin( s) erysipelas, 175 pneumonia, 95 streptococcal pharynigitis, 72 Pentamidine isethionate, 56 home intravenous, 235 Pertussis, immunity, 4 Pharyngitis, Chlamydia trachomatis, 15 Corynebacterium hemolyticum, 14 exudative, 73 Francisella tularensis, gonococcal, antibiotic therapy, mononucleosis, 127 streptococcal, antiobiotic therapy, 72 clinical manifestations, complications, 72 diagnosis, 71 erythema nodosum and, 179 Pharyngitis (cont.) viral antimicrobial therapy, 70 causative agents, 70 Yersinia enterocolitica, 14 Phenytoin, 143 Plague vaccine, travelers and, Pneumococcal vaccine, 12 Pneumocystitis carinii pneumonia, azidothymidine, 55 management, pentamidine isethionate, 56 prophylaxis, 56 Pneumonia antibiotic therapy, antipyretics, 97 causes, chest x ray, 90 children, 89 chronic, tuberculosis and, 94 cough, 90, 93 diagnosis, 89 hospitalization for, inpatients vs. outpatients, clinical characteristics, 92 pleurisy, 93 pneumococcal vs. mycoplasmal, Pneumocystitis carinii: see Pneumocystitis carinii pneumonia sputum evaluation, 90 Poliomyelitis, immunization, updating, 21 Pontiac fever, Postanginal sepsis, 76 mononucleosis, 129 Pregnancy hepatitis B vaccine, 6 tetanus-diptheria immunization, 5 Procainamide, 143 Proctitis Chlamydia trachomatis, 39 gonococcal, 39 herpes, 39 Proctocolitis, 37 Pseudoephrine, 67 Pyelonephritis, causative agents, 121 home intravenous antibiotic therapy, 230 recurrent, 121 roentographic evaluation, 121 therapy, 121

7 Quinine, 60 Quinolone, 67 Rabies immune globulin, 10 Rabies vaccine, adverse effects, travelers and, 25 Reiter's syndrome, 74 erythema nodosum, 180 urethral discharge, 106 Respiratory syncytial virus, 92 Retropharyngeal abscess, 76 Rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile, Ribavirin, 45 influenza A and B therapy, 80 Rifampin, vancomycin and, 236 Rimantadine, in viral influenza, 13 Rubella, immunity, 4 Sarcoidosis, 180 Septic arthritis, 236 Serum bactericidal test, as predictor of drug efficacy, 225 Shigellosis, Sinusitis bacterial, antibiotic therapies, 68 causative agents, 66 complications, 69 treatment, 67 chronic maxillary, cystic fibrosis, 67 fungal, 69 ostial obstruction, 65 oxymetazoline, 67 pseudoephrine, 67 quinolone, 67 radiographic analysis, 66 symptoms, xylometazoline, 67 Soft tissue infection, Spiramycin, 59 Sporotrichosis, 225 Strep throat: see Pharyngitis, streptococcal Streptomycin, pharyngitis, 75 Stevens-Johnson syndrome, 55 Sulfisoxazole, cystitis, 120 Syphilis, 180 differential diagnosis, 137 Syphilis (cont.) diffuse lymphadenopathy and, 43 reagin tests, 39 rectal, 38 tetracycline and, Tetanus, 2 immunity, 4 immunization, updating, 21 prophylaxis for wound management, 10, 11 vaccination, 9-10 Tetanus immune globulin, 9 Tetracycline, 43 chlamydia! urethritis, 106 cystitis, 120 gonorrhea, 115 Lyme disease, 178 penumonia, 96 Yersinia enterocolitica, 74 Thrombophlebitis, septic, 219 Thrush, oral, 61 Toxic shock syndrome, 175 Toxic-shock-like syndrome, 175 Toxoplasmosis, 43, Travelers cholera, 20 cholera vaccine and, 24 diarrhea, dietary consideration, 19 drinking water, 19 hepatitis A, hepatitis B and, 27 hepatitis B vaccine, 20 Japanese encephalitis vaccine, 26 immunization, 6-9, insect repellants, 18 International certificate of vaccination, malaria and, plague vaccine and, rabies vaccine and, 25 travel packet, nonprescription medication, 18 typhoid fever and, typhoid fever vaccine, 20 yellow fever vaccine and, 23 Trichinosis, Trichomoniasis, llo Trimethoprim, cystitis, 120, 122 Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 56-57, 59, 68

8 248 Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (cont.) cystitis, 120, 122 gonococcal pharyngitis, 73 pyelonephritis, 121 Yersinia enterocolitica, 74 Tuberculin skin test, 207 anergy, false-negative, 212 false-positive, 211 interpretation, 210 preparations, reading, 209 Tuberculosis, 43, 142, 207 diagnosis, 209, 212 isoniazid, 213 treatment, Tularemia, 141 Typhoid fever, vaccination, 7-8 Typhoid fever vaccine, travelers, 20, Urethral catheterization, 200 Urethral discharge diagnosis, dysuria, 102 infectious causes, 101 Reiter's syndrome, 106 Urethritis, Chlamydia, 106 gonococcal diagnosis, 104 therapy, 105 nongonococcal, 101 diagnosis, 104 therapy, postgonococcal, 102 Vaccination, record, 3 Vaccines administration, 3 Vaccines (cont.) antibiotics in, 2 description, 2 diphtheria-tetanus, 6 influenza, 5 international travel, 7-9 live virus, 3 measles-mumps-rubella trivalent, 5 pneumococcal, 5 recommended dosage, 3 typhoid fever, 7-8 see also specific diseases (e.g., Yellow fever vaccine) Vaginal discharge etiologies, I 09-ll 0 normal vs. pathological, 109 postmenopause, 110 Vaginitis, 109 Candida albicans, 110, 112 infectious, llo trichomonal, ll2-ll3 Vancomycin antibacterial activity, 236 rifampin and, 236 Varicella-zoster, 2, 177 Viral influenza, amantadine in, 13 rimantadine in, 13 Viral influenza vaccine, 12 Voiding cystourethrography, 123 Whooping cough: see Pertussis Wound infection, 225 Yellow fever vaccine travelers and, 23 vaccination, 8 Yersinia enterocolitica, pharyngitis, 74 Yersinia infections, 140 "Yuppie flu," 147; see also Epstein-Barr virus