Overview of Completed DDGS Swine Research

Transcription

1 University of Minnesota Research Update Land O Lakes Fall Regional Swine Training Albert Lea, MN October 2, 23 Overview of Completed Swine Research Nutritional value for swine Nutrient content and variability DE and ME estimates for swine Apparent ileal amino acid digestibilities Relative phosphorus availability Comparison of Proximate Analysis of New Generation vs. NRC (1998) (1% Dry Matter Basis) Comparison of Energy Values of for Swine (88% DM Basis) Nutrient Dry matter, % Crude protein, % Fat, % Crude fiber, % Ash, % NFE, % New Generation 88.9 (1.7) 3.2 (6.4) 1.9 (7.8) 8.8 (8.7) 5.8 (14.7) 44.5 (6.1) NRC (1998) No data No data DE, kcal/kg ME, kcal/kg New Calculated New Trial avg Old Calculated NRC (1998) ADF, % NDF, % 16.2 (28.4) 42.1 (14.3) Values in ( ) are CV s among plants Corn (NRC, 1998): DE (kcal/lb) = 3484 ME (kcal/lb) = 3382 Comparison of Amino Acid Composition of (88% dry matter basis) Comparison of Apparent Ileal Digestible Amino Acid Composition of for Swine (88% dry matter basis) New Old (NRC, 1998) New Old (NRC, 1998) Lysine, %.75 (17.3).47 (26.5).59 Lysine, % Methionine, %.63 (13.6).44 (4.5).48 Methionine, % Threonine, %.99 (6.4).86 (7.3).89 Threonine, % Tryptophan, %.22 (6.7).17 (19.8).24 Tryptophan, % Valine, % 1.32 (7.2) 1.22 (2.3) 1.23 Valine, % Arginine, % Histidine, % Leucine, % Isoleucine, % Phenylalanine, % 1.6 (9.1).67 (7.8) 3.12 (6.4).99 (8.7) 1.29 (6.6).81 (18.7).54 (15.2) 2.61 (12.4).88 (9.1) 1.12 (8.1) Arginine, % Histidine, % Leucine, % Isoleucine, % Phenylalanine, % Values in ( ) are CV s among plants

2 Comparison of Phosphorus Level and Relative Availability of for Swine (88% dry matter basis) Comparison of Mineral Analysis of New Generation, Old Generation, and NRC (1998) (1% Dry Matter Basis) New Old NRC (1998) Corn NRC (1998) Mineral Ca, % New Generation.6 (57.2) Old Generation.44 NRC (1998).22 Total P, % P, % K, % Mg, %.89 (11.7).94 (14.).33 (12.1) P Availability, % Available P, % No data No data S, % Na, % Zn, ppm Mn, ppm Cu, ppm.47 (37.1).24 (7.5) 98 (8) 16 (33) 6 (2) Fe, ppm 12 (41) Values in ( ) are CV s among plants Overview of Completed Swine Research Feeding trials to evaluate maximum inclusion rates Nursery Grow-finish Gestation/lactation Maximum Inclusion Rates of New Generation in Swine Diets (Based Upon University of Minnesota Performance Trials) Nursery pigs (> 7 kg) Up to 25 % Grow-finish pigs Up to 2% (higher levels may reduce pork fat quality) Gestating sows Up to 5% Lactating sows Up to 2% Assumptions: no mycotoxins formulate on a digestible amino acid and available phosphorus basis Feeding New Generation to Sows Effect of Feeding a 5% Diet on Sow Weight Gain During Gestation (Reproductive Cycle 1) Weight gain (kg) (P >.22) MSE Dietary treatment

3 Effect of Feeding or 5% Gestation Diets and or 2% Lactation Diets on Pigs Weaned/Litter Effect of Dietary Treatment Combination on Sow Lactation ADFI Number of Pigs / a x a y a y a y / / Dietary treatment / a,b,x,y Different superscripts indicate significant difference (P <.1). Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Feed Intake, kg/day / a xy b x a y a xy / / Dietary Treatment / a,b,x,y Different superscripts indicate significant difference (P <.1). Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Feeding New Generation to Weaned Pigs Materials and Methods Nursery Experiments Experiment 1 Pigs weaned at 19. ±.3 d of age Weighed 7.1 ±.7 kg Experiment 2 Pigs weaned at 16.9 ±.4 d of age Weighed 5.26 ±.7 kg Pigs were fed a commercial pelleted diet (d to 3 postweaning) Phase II (d 4-17) and Phase III (d 18 35) diets were formulated on a digestible amino acid basis. Diets contained, 5, 1, 15, 2, or 25% Effect of Level on Growth Rate (Experiment 1) Effect of Level on ADFI (Experiment 1) ADG (g/d) SE = 33.8 SE = 42.1 a,b a,b a,b a b a,b Means not sharing a common superscript letter are significantly different (P <.5) % 5% 1% 15% 2% 25% Phase (P <.1) ADFI (g/d) SE = 46.9 SE = 82.6 % 5% 1% 15% 2% 25% Phase (P <.1)

4 Effect of Level on Gain/Feed (Experiment 1) Effect of Level on Growth Rate (Experiment 2) G/F SE =.11 SE =.6 % 5% 1% 15% 2% 25% ADG (g/d) SE = 55.1 Linear effect of diet (P =.9) SE = 51.1 % 5% 1% 15% 2% 25% Phase (P <.1) Effect of Level on Feed Intake (Experiment 2) Effect of Level on Gain/Feed (Experiment 2) ADFI (g/d) Linear effect of diet (P =.5) a,b SE = 41.6 b a,b a,b a a SE = 6.9 b b a,b a b a,b % 5% 1% 15% 2% 25% Phase (P <.1) Phase x Diet (P =.2) G/F SE =.13 SE =.3 % 5% 1% 15% 2% 25% Phase (P =.6) Means not sharing a common superscript letter are significantly different (P <.5) Effect of Level on Final BW (Experiment 2) Feeding New Generation to Grow-Finish Pigs Body weight, kg SE = 1.3 Dietary treatment % 5% 1% 15% 2% 25%

5 Fat Quality Characteristics of Market Pigs Fed Corn-Soy Diets Containing to 3% Overview of Completed Swine Research Belly thickness, cm Belly firmness score, degrees % 3.15 a 27.3 a 1% 3. a,b 24.4 a,b 2% 2.84 a,b 25.1 a,b 3% 2.71 b 21.3 b Manure management N, P, K, and S excretion in manure Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and odor emissions Adjusted belly firmness score, degrees 25.9 a 23.8 a,b 25.4 a,b 22.4 b Iodine number 66.8 a 68.6 b 7.6 c 72. c Means within a row lacking common superscripts differ (P <.5). Effect of Feeding a 2% Diet on Manure Odor Detection Threshold Effect of Feeding a 2% Diet on Ammonia Emissions ODU 1 5 NH 3 (ppm) Week MSE ±.1152 P > Week MSE ±.876 P >.1 Effect of Feeding a 2% Diet on Hydrogen Sulfide Emissions Overview of Completed Swine Research Gut health Ileitis H 2 S (ppm) Week MSE ±.426 P >.1

6 Healthy Ileitis Effect of Dietary Treatment on Lesion Length (21 d Post-Challenge) Experiment 2 Effect of Dietary Treatment on Lesion Severity (21 d Post-Challenge) Experiment 2 Lesion length, cm SE = D1 (P =.2) D1 (P =.2) NC PC D1 PC+AR D1+AR Lesion score (-4) SE = D1 (P =.2) AR (P =.3) D1 (P =.1) D1 (P =.9) NC PC D1 PC+AR D1+AR. Jejunum* Ileum* Cecum Colon* Jejunum* Ileum* Cecum Colon* Section of gastro-intestinal tract Section of gastro-intestinal tract * Effect of disease challenge (P <.1). * Effect of disease challenge (P <.1). Effect of Dietary Treatment on Lesion Prevalence (21 d Post-Challenge) Experiment 2 Effect of Dietary Treatment on Fecal Shedding (PCR Analysis) Experiment 2 % of pigs SE = D1 (P =.2) AR (P =.4) D1 (P =.3) NC PC D1 PC+AR D1+AR % of pigs SE = D1xAR (P =.2) NC PC D1 PC+AR D1+AR Jejunum* Ileum* Cecum Colon* Section of gastro-intestinal tract d d 14* d 21* * Effect of disease challenge (P <.1). * Effect of disease challenge (P <.1).

7 Effect of Treatment on L. intracellularis Infection (IHC Analysis) Experiment 2 Overview of Completed Swine Research IHC Score (-4) SE =.12 IHC Score* D1 (P =.5) AR (P =.1) % of pigs positive IHC Prevalence* SE = 2.8 NC PC D1 PC+AR D1+AR Quality characteristics Bulk density variation Particle size variation Use of NIR Color.5 2. * Effect of disease challenge (P <.1). Bulk Density of New Generation samples from 16 New Generation plants Avg. bulk density = 35.7 lbs/cubic ft. Std. deviation among plants = 2.79 lbs/cubic ft. Coefficient of variation among plants = 7.8% in bulk density among plants: 3.8 to 39.3 lbs/cubic ft. Particle Size samples obtained from 16 new generation plants Average particle size = 1282 microns Standard deviation = 35 microns Coefficient of variation among plants = 24% in average particle size among plants to 2125 microns Examples of Particle Size Distribution of New Generation NIR Calibrations for % over Sieve Plant 7 Particle Size Analysis 4% 35% 3% 25% 2% 15% 1% 5% % Sieve Opening (microns) Typical % over Sieve 35% 3% 25% 2% 15% 1% 5% % Plant 6 Particle Size Analysis Sieve Opening (microns) Lowest Avg. Particle Size % over Sieve 55% 5% 45% 4% 35% 3% 25% 2% 15% 1% 5% % Plant 15 Particle Size Analysis Sieve Opening (microns) Highest Avg. Particle Size Nutrient R Rmsep,% R 2 CV,% Lysine Methionine Threonine Energy R = correlation between actual and predicted values Rmsep = prediction error R 2 = proportion of the total variation explained by calibrations CV, % = coefficient of variation among samples

8 Correlation Between Color and Amino Acid Digestibility (r 2 ) International Swine and Poultry Feeding Trials Mexico Amino acid L* a* b* Grow-finish trial Layer trial Taiwan Lys Cys NS NS Starter trial Broiler trial Dairy trial Japan Thr.51 NS.58 Ruminant digestibility trial Xanthophyll Content of and Diets During a 12-Wk Layer Trial in Jalisco Mexico Differences in Yolk Color (Roche Units) in Eggs Produced by Layers Fed and Diets Jalisco Mexico % Week 1 Week 2 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 1 Week 11 Average Percentage of Production by Week for Layers Fed and Diets Jalisco Mexico Current and Future Research Impact of feeding on pre-harvest food safety (Salmonella) Mindy Spiehs, PhD candidate Spray-dried distiller s solubles fractions in baby pig diets Jeff Knott, PhD candidate Impact of adding and phytase on manure P content and chemical forms of P Mark Whitney, PhD candidate Correlation between color, ADICP, and true amino acid digestibility in poultry Methods to improve flowability and pelleting of collaboration with AURI Stability and preservation of in various climates. Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week Week

9 Effect of on Salmonellosis Objective To determine if the addition of 5% distiller s dried grains with solubles () or a polyclonal antibody (PCA) to the diets of growing pigs reduces the incidence of Salmonella infection after challenge with S. Typhimurium. Materials and Methods 175 pigs (initial wt 14 kg) randomly allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments Corn-soybean meal control (Con) Corn-soybean meal + PCA (PCA) Corn-soybean meal + 5% () Pigs housed in wean-to-finish barn at WCROC Weighed once every two weeks to determine growth performance Materials and Methods Forty 9 kg brought to Vet Med Isolation Barn St. Paul campus Infected with 1 x 1 6 CFU of 5 different strains of multi-drug resistant S. Typhimurium Remain in isolation barn for 6 wks Blood and fecal samples collected Materials and Methods Six wk post-challenge, pigs will be euthanized and necropsied Cecal content will be collected Tissue samples Liver Spleen Tonsil Ileocecal junction Gallbladder Mesenteric lymph nodes Spray-dried distiller s solubles fractions Objectives To assess dietary SDDS, SDYC, and SDRS by feeding early-weaned pigs and evaluate the effects on: Effect on feed intake, growth rate and feed conversion Types and levels of acute phase proteins Circulating IGF-I levels Intestinal morphology, immune tissues and organ weights P, % Nutrient Content of Condensed Corn Distiller s Solubles (CDS) Nutrient Protein, % Fat, % Crude Fiber, % Metabolizable Energy, kcal/kg Lysine, % Methionine + Cystine, % Tryptophan, % Threonine, % Ca, % 1% DM Basis Adapted from Davis (1982)

10 Fractions of Corn Distiller s Solubles Centrifugation Separate the yeast cream from the residual solubles Yeast cream Oil and yeast cells Residual solubles Energy, amino acids and minerals Condensed Distiller s Solubles Yeast Cream Residual Solubles Spray Dried Distiller s Solubles (SDDS) Spray Dried Yeast Cream (SDYC) Spray Dried Residual Solubles (SDRS)