AgNotes Fetrilon -Combi 2

Transcription

1 AgNotes the cost effective foliar safeguard against micronutrient deficiency in ALL crops

2 Fetrilon -Combi micronutrient fertiliser is highly effective in both the prevention and cure of micronutrient deficiencies to ensure optimum crop yield and quality. Micronutrient Fertilisers Insufficient micronutrient supply limits crop yield in exactly the same way as a deficiency of the macronutrients nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulphur. The six micronutrients iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), boron (B), and molybdenum (Mo) are essential for plant nutrition, although they are required in only small amounts by the crop. Micronutrient deficiencies in intensively managed crops can be difficult to identify, and symptoms may not be visible (latent deficiency). It may also be the case that symptoms of one deficiency will cover a multitude of micronutrient problems. Crops with special susceptibility for deficiency Cu Fe Mn Zn B Mo Cereals ++ ++(+) Maize ++ Cotton Sunflower +++ Rice Tobacco Tea Citrus Apple/Pear Apricot Peach Strawberry Melon Vine Tomato Olive Red/Green Peppers Potato Lentil Chick pea = susceptability Factors influencing availability of Micronutrients in soils Cu Fe Mn Zn B Mo ph > ph < Water-logged soil Drought High humus content High P-content Sand Compaction According to Liebig s law of the minimum Any essential plant nutrient which is not in sufficient supply may limit the crop yield. In this case the element in shortest supply is Cu. J.v.Liebig = availability - = deficiency -2-

3 Fetrilon-Combi... Fast and Effective Fetrilon-Combi is considered to be the leader amongst chelated trace element foliar fertilisers because of its high nutrient concentration, excellent solubility and proven efficacy in a wide range of applications. The formulation is a free-flowing, dust-free microgranule that has been developed to be user-friendly and accurately measured with little or no waste. Fetrilon-Combi is the ideal product to eliminate micronutrient deficiencies. Complete chelation with EDTA ensures that metallic micronutrients are protected against premature fixation and can be rapidly absorbed and easily translocated within the growing plant. This ensures that Fetrilon-Combi is more effective than products based on mineral salts and other less stable chelates. Fetrilon-Combi is a cost effective treatment to safeguard and optimise crop yield. Mineral nutrition with Micronutrients; Comparison of salts and chelates Criteria Chelates Salts Uptake by foliage Availability in soil Change of conductivity in soil Chlorosis on leafs (osmotic effect) Miscibility with plant protection products Solubility in water Residues Wettability on leafs Stability of solution Compatibility Why Use Fetrilon-Combi?... because the leaves are the factory of the plant! + = positive benefit - = negative benefit Principle and Effect of Chelatisation UNCHELATED = poor uptake CHELATED = rapid uptake ++ UNCHELATED Ions of metallic micronutrients carry positive charge Mn++, Fe++/+++, Cu++, Zn++ (Sulfates, Oxides and others) CHELATED Metallic ion with positive charge is wrapped by a chemical substance which is negatively charged. This means the originally positively charged metallic ion is now neutral. -3-

4 Foliar Application Rapid uptake of nutrients applied to crop foliage ensures a faster response within the plant as micronutrients directly enter the metabolic processes. Micronutrients are completely available to the plant and thus particularly effective because they are not fixed or diluted in large volumes of soil. However, overdosing or application at incorrect times can lead to crop damage, hence label recommendations should be adhered to. Application Rates The recommended rates of Fetrilon-Combi have been calculated to cover a considerable proportion (approximately 10%-20%) of the total micronutrient requirement of the crop. For prophylactic treatment, therefore, the lesser number of treatments - quoted first in column 2**- with the lower rate-given in column 3 are sufficient. For intensive cropping with continuously high yield levels more micronutrients are required, and hence it is best to use more frequent applications at the lower rate. The larger number of treatments given in the second place in column 2 refers to these crops. If less plant protection sprays are to be made, then the number of Fetrilon-Combi sprays recommended in column 2, or if one or more sprays can be omitted due to a low disease level, then the higher rates given in column 3 should be applied on the remaining necessary spray dates. If slight deficiency symptoms are already visible on the plants then larger quantities of micronutrients are necessary to achieve a curative effect. For this the higher rate given in column 3 should be applied at three to four week intervals until the plants are completely healthy again. In cases of severe deficiency, when the plant parts are obviously discoloured or distorted and partially dying-off, the plants are so weakened that they react very sensitively to any type of treatment. For this reason the lower rate should be applied repeatedly at 2-week intervals. In permanent or plantation crops soil treatment may be advisable. The rates quoted per hectare are those for a closed crop canopy. If there is an open stand, as for example in plantation crops, or if there is a considerable distance between rows to allow for the use of special spraying or harvesting equipment, then lower rates per unit area may be used as long as the spray is directed, ie; in the case of row spraying or the treatment of individual trees with a spray lance. Whenever a total area (blanket) treatment is carried out the full rate must be used, since the nutrients which fall on the ground in the gaps are virtually unavailable to the crop. This also applies when young crops, for example tomatoes, cucurbits or vegetables, do not completely cover the soil, but when a blanket spray is applied. In the case of directed treatment of young trees the amount of spray solution applied per unit area is automatically reduced. If the recommended concentration (column 4) is maintained the rate per unit area is likewise reduced (column 5). Fetrilon-Combi possesses the highest nutrient content of all fully-chelated micronutrient fertilisers. The rates given here have been corroborated both by theoretical calculations of the crop requirements and by practical experience. It often happens that considerably lower rates are recommended for products with a lower nutrient content, in order to keep down the cost per hectare. We consider this a false policy because the amount of nutrients supplied must be judged according to the requirement. Concentration The rate per hectare shown in column 3 should not be exceeded to avoid an overdose. If Fetrilon-Combi is applied with the normal plant protection sprays then the highest quantity per 100 l water given in the second position in column 4 should not be exceeded. Excessive concentration can result in damage to the crop by normal spraying methods. The amount of water may exceed that given in column 5. When sprays are applied by air or ULV methods an even fine dispersion of the spray liquid over the plant surface is achieved. The recommended rates given in column 3 can therefore be retained in spite of the increased concentration. When a spray solution is being prepared for ULV application 0.2kg Fetrilon- Combi can be dissolved in 1.0 l water. Preparation of the Spray Solution The tank is filled to approximately 2/3 of its capacity, Fetrilon- Combi is then allowed to run in slowly and evenly while stirring continuously. Continue to stir or agitate until the Fetrilon-Combi has completely dissolved, after which the required amount of plant protection product can be added in the same manner and the tank filled up with water. The spray solution should be used up immediately and should not be stored. -4-

5 Miscibility Fetrilon-Combi is miscible with most plant protection products. It should not be mixed with highly alkaline spray solutions (Bordeaux mixture, calcium nitrate) or any non-chelated trace elements. Fungicides containing metals bound in stable organic complexes may be applied together with Fetrilon-Combi. Before combining Fetrilon-Combi with one or more plant protection products for the first time a miscibility test should be carried out. To do this, mix all the products to be applied in a screw-top bottle or glass. The sequence in which the products are added, and the proportions, should be the same as in the field. After mixing and filling up the water to give the correct concentration, close the container and shake well. The state of the solution should be judged immediately and after leaving to stand for 2 hours, according to the following: State of Solution Immediately After Mixing 2 Hours Later Sprayability Well dispersed, No precipitation or Good for spraying no precipitation separating out Slight fine flocculation Slight precipitate, Sprayable even after inverting 3 times Medium flocculation Slight precipitate, Still sprayable even after inverting 4 times Large flakes Slight precipitate, May be sprayed separating out even after inverting with agitator running 5 times Cheesy or lumpy Heavy precipitate or Incompatible. mixture formation of lumps, Do not spray even after inverting 10 times Fetrilon-Combi is regarded as the leader amongst chelated trace element foliar fertilisers Application Time In general, multiple applications at lower rates are more effective than few applications at higher rates, given that certain micronutrients do not translocate into new growth. Fetrilon-Combi should therefore be applied shortly before or during the main growth phase, or at the time of yield development. Since Fetrilon- Combi is seldom applied on its own, but to save application costs is usually applied together with plant protection sprays, any recommendations as to number of sprays and spray dates can only serve as a guide to be used under ideal circumstances. Slight deviations are necessary in commercial practice and do not have any negative effect. It is more important to keep to the correct spray date when applying pesticides than treating with micronutrients. Crops yielding fruits should not be treated with Fetrilon-Combi when the majority of the flowers are open. This is particularly important in stone and pome fruits, as well as in some types of citrus. In which all flowers are opened within a few days. If the period is longer, then the normal treatment can be made during. Drench Treatment Micronutrient deficiency in potted or container plants, in cut flowers and vegetables can be rectified by drenching with Fetrilon-Combi. The rates and timings are given on the last page of this brochure. If leaves, flowers or young shoots of susceptible crops are wetted during the treatment, they should be rinsed afterwards with clean water. A proven method of application under arid climatic conditions is fertilisation via irrigation water in drip or overhead irrigation systems. The micronutrient requirement can be completely satisfied by Fetrilon-Combi also in this case. The proven rate is 10g Fetrilon-Combi per 100 l water, with a maximum concentration of 0.02%. The treatment should be repeated after one week. Incorporation in Soil and Horticultural Substrates Fetrilon-Combi can also be incorporated into the soil or substrate to prevent micronutrient deficiency in seed beds and potted or container plants. 30g Fetrilon-Combi per cubic metre of soil or substrate is recommended for seed beds. For potted or container plants the substrate should be enriched with 50-60g Fetrilon- Combi per cubic metre. Fetrilon-Combi should be carefully mixed with the substrate or soil while it is still dry. Incorporation can be facilitated by dissolving the correct rate of Fetrilon-Combi in 10 l water and moistening the soil/substrate with this. **FOOTNOTE Given column numbers relate to tables on the following pages Column 1 = crop Column 2 = No. of applications per growing period Column 3 = Fetrilon-Combi 2, kg/ha Column 4 = Fetrilon-Combi 2 in g per 100 l spray solution Column 5 = spray solution, l/ha -5-

6 Foliar Application Recommended Rates Rates and timings for foliar application of Fetrilon-Combi in citrus, tropical fruits and various fruits Rates of application Time of application Crop No. of applications Fetrilon-Combi 2 Fetrilon-Combi 2 in Spray 1. Appl 2. Appl. 3. Appl. 4. Appl. 5. Appl. 6. Appl. per growing period kg/ha g per 100 l spray solution solution* l/ha CITRUS Orange at bud days beginning of formation after main 2nd leaf flush (not during / ) beginning of fruit set Grapefruit, at bud 15 days 45 days after beginning of Pomelo formation after main main 2nd leaf flush Mandarine at bud 15 days 45 days after beginning of formation after main main 2nd leaf flush Lemon at bud 15 days 45 days after beginning of formation after main main 2nd leaf flush TROPICAL FRUITS Pineapple days after at intervals of days before flower planting induction Avocado after at 30 day intervals Banana monthly only aerial appl Durian, jackfruit at leaf flush beginning of at 15 day intervals Litchi, longan at leaf flush beginning of at 15 day intervals rambutan Mango after at 30 day intervals Mangosteen at leaf flush beginning of at 15 day intervals Papaya at approx.. 30 day intervals Passion fruit before at intervals of days Starfruit before at fruit set at approx.. 15 day intervals Water Apple before at fruit set at approx.. 15 day intervals POME FRUIT Apple - 3 sprays pre-blossom post-blossom beginning of 2nd leaf flush - 4 sprays pre-blossom post-blossom beginning of post-harvest 2nd leaf flush -6-

7 *) The larger amount is the maximum concentration which should not be exceeded if damage to the plant is to be avoided Rates and timings for foliar application of Fetrilon-Combi in various fruits, nuts and vegetables Rates of application Time of application Crop No. of applications Fetrilon-Combi 2 Fetrilon-Combi 2 in Spray 1. Appl 2. Appl. 3. Appl. 4. Appl. 5. Appl. 6. Appl. per growing period kg/ha g per 100 l spray solution solution* l/ha Pear, quince post-blossom fruits walnut beginning of size 2nd leaf flush STONE FRUIT Cherry, plum, post-blossom fruit set apricot Peach, nectarine post-blossom fruit set GRAPE VINE Wine grape days after beginning of after leaf (not during) fruit set emergence Table grape days before after 30 days after leaf after end of emergence OTHER FRUITS Date at intervals of approx. 30 days Strawberry days 90 days pre- after planting after planting Kiwi days before beginning of 30 days post-harvest after leaf fruit set after beginning emergence of fruit set NUTS Walnut after at intervals of days Hazelnut after leaf 30 days later emergence Macadamia before fruit set at intervals of 30 days Almond after 30 days later Pecan after at intervals of days FRUIT VEGETABLES Tomato beginning of at intervals of 10 days 10 days before harvest begins Paprika, chilli beginning of at intervals of 10 days 10 days before flower initation harvest begins Eggplant beginning of at intervals of 10 days 10 days before (Aubergine) flower initation harvest begins Cucumber days at intervals of 10 days after germination Melon, marrow, days at intervals of 10 days squash after germination -7-

8 Foliar Application Recommended Rates Rates and timings for foliar application of Fetrilon-Combi in leaf, root and tuber vegetables Rates of application Time of application Crop No. of applications Fetrilon-Combi 2 Fetrilon-Combi 2 in Spray 1. Appl 2. Appl. 3. Appl. 4. Appl. 5. Appl. 6. Appl. per growing period kg/ha g per 100 l spray solution solution* l/ha LEAF VEGETABLES Cabbage days at day intervals after transplanting Cauliflower, days at day intervals broccoli after transplanting Celery approx. 40 at 10 day intervals days after transplanting Lettuce days at 10 day intervals after transplanting Chinese cabbage days at 10 day intervals after transplanting Spinach days at day intervals after sowing ROOT AND VEGETABLES Onion days at day intervals after planting or 60 days after sowing Garlic days at day intervals after planting or 60 days after sowing Leek days at day intervals after planting Celeriac days at 15 day intervals after planting Asparagus days at 15 day intervals after leaf emergence Radish, from 6-leaf at 7-10 day intervals little raddish stage Carrot approx. 50 at day intervals days after sowing Beetroot days after at day intervals sowing Fennel days at 15 day intervals after planting -8-

9 *) The larger amount is the maximum concentration which should not be exceeded if damage to the plant is to be avoided Rates and timings for foliar application of Fetrilon-Combi in other vegetables and field crops Rates of application Time of application Crop No. of applications Fetrilon-Combi 2 Fetrilon-Combi 2 in Spray 1. Appl 2. Appl. 3. Appl. 4. Appl. 5. Appl. 6. Appl. per growing period kg/ha g per 100 l spray solution solution* l/ha OTHER VEGETABLES Pea beginning of at 10 day intervals bud formation Bean, French bean beginning of at 10 day intervals (Phaseolus vulgaris) bud formation Broad bean approx. 30 days at 15 day intervals (Vicia faba) after sowing Lentil, chick pea, beginning of at 10 day intervals dry pea bud formation Winged bean beginning of at 10 day intervals bud formation Artichoke days after at 15 day intervals beginning of planting or shooting recommencement of growth CEREALS Wheat, barley, tillering shooting ear emergence after oats, rye max. 0.5kg/ha max. 0.5 kg/ha Rice seed bed tillering shooting/ appearing of the panicles Sorghum crop height crop height 30-40cm approx. 100cm Corn (maize) leaf stage beginning of tasseling SUGAR CROPS Sugar cane weeks 8-10 weeks 3-4 months after planting after planting after planting ROOT AND TUBER CROPS Potato crop height at 15 day intervals end of approx. 15cm Sweet Potato approx. 30 at 30 day intervals days after emergence Yam approx. 50 at 30 day intervals days after emergence Cassava approx. 60 at 30 day intervals days after planting -9-

10 Foliar Application Recommended Rates Rates and timings for foliar application of Fetrilon-Combi in field, stimulant and fodder plant crops Rates of application Time of application Crop No. of applications Fetrilon-Combi 2 Fetrilon-Combi 2 in Spray 1. Appl 2. Appl. 3. Appl. 4. Appl. 5. Appl. 6. Appl. per growing period kg/ha g per 100 l spray solution solution* l/ha FIBER PLANTS Cotton bud formation at 15 day intervals 30 days after beginning of STIMULANTS Coffee**) after main recommence days ment of leaf after leaf growth emergence Tea**) beginning of immediately approx. 30 rainy season after first days after picking 1st picking Tobacco**) days at day intervals after transplanting FODDER PLANTS Berseem after closing 10 days after each cut (Alexandrian clover) of crop stand Alfalfa after closing 10 days after each cut (lucerne) of crop stand Sudan grass after closing 10 days after each cut of crop stand OTHER CROPS Pepper after harvest before fruit set 20 days later Cloves beginning of at 30 day intervals after harvest rainy season OIL PLANTS Soya bean bud formation beginning of 15 days after start of Sesame rowsprays at at closing shooting rosette stage of stand Oilseed rape rosette stage beginning of bud stage elongation Sunflower leaf stage bud formation Olive - young trees in after at 30 day intervals the nursery**) transplanting into containers Olive - yielding trees after fruit set at unfolding approx. 30 days of new leaves after new leaf development -10-

11 *) The larger amount is the maximum concentration which should not be exceeded if damage to the plant is to be avoided **) For young plants in the nursery see also recommendation for drench treatment and incorporation Rates and timings for application of Fetrilon-Combi by drench treatment in various crops Crop g Fetrilon-Combi 2 Max. conc. Application per 100m 2 % g/l Potted Plants Pot size 5-8cm l drench water per application; apply at day intervals; 9-12cm depending on micronutrient requirement of the crop 13-16cm Cut flowers Apply approx. 1 l drench per m 2 at day intervals. Do not wet flowers; rinse wetted leaves with clean water. Vegetables Apply approx l drench per m 2 at day intervals. Rinse wetted leaves with clean water. Seed bed Apply 1 l drench per m 2 at day intervals. Container plants Apply 0.2 l drench per litre container volume at day intervals. Roses Apply 3 l drench per m 2 at day intervals. Do not wet flowers; rinse wetted leaves with clean water. -11-

12 AgNotes Technical Data % Micronutrients: 1.5 % boron (B) 0.5 % copper (Cu)* 4.0 % iron (Fe)* 3.0 % manganese (Mn)* 0.05 % molybdenum (Mo) 4.0 % zinc (Zn)* Additional secondary nutrients: 1.2 % magnesium (MgO) 1.3 % sulphur (S) *All metallic micronutrients fully chelated by EDTA Notice to buyer: Careful tests have proven that the product is suitable for the recommended purposes when used in accordance with our instructions. However, since storage and use are beyond our control and we are unable to foresee all circumstances arising there from, we are only liable for a consistent quality of the product, but the risk of its storage and use is not borne by us. For more information contact your local retailer or visit AgNova Technologies Pty Ltd PO Box 590 Eltham, Victoria, Australia 3095 Disclaimer: AgNova Technologies Pty. Ltd. shall not be liable for any consequential or other loss or damage relating to the supply or subsequent handling or use of this product, unless such liability by law cannot be lawfully excluded or limited. All warranties, conditions or rights implied by statute or other law which may be lawfully excluded are so excluded. Where the liability of AgNova Technologies Pty. Ltd. for breach of any such statutory warranties and conditions cannot be lawfully excluded but may be limited to it re-supplying the product or an equivalent product or the cost of a product or an equivalent product, then the liability of AgNova Technologies Pty. Ltd. for any breach of such statutory warranty or condition is so limited. Fetrilon -Combi 2 = Registered Trademark of COMPO GmbH & Co. KG Copyright AgNova Technologies Pty Ltd All rights reserved. AGNOFET0210