Brian McDonald, Oregon State University, October 7 th, 2014 MICRODOCHIUM PATCH DISEASE MANAGEMENT IN PNW 10 YEARS OF RESEARCH

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1 Brian McDonald, Oregon State University, October 7 th, 2014 MICRODOCHIUM PATCH DISEASE MANAGEMENT IN PNW 10 YEARS OF RESEARCH

2 Factors Affecting Development Microdochium Patch Mid September through mid May Can occur year around in foggy coastal areas. Ideal temperatures 35 to 60 degrees Disease is worse when temperatures vary from cold to cool to cold than when they stay cold. Shaded turf is extremely prone to disease. Symptoms can be variable from patches to spots and sometimes occur with other cold weather diseases (e.g. Yellow Patch) which changes the look of the symptoms.

3 Classic Symptoms

4 Microdochium Patch in Late Winter/Early Spring

5 Microdochium Patch Mower Tracking

6 Cultural Considerations on Poa Limit high soluble nitrogen applications in fall Apply N-P-K in ratio (avoid N only) Apply sulfur monthly (0.25 lbs/month from October through March for Poa greens. Apply sulfur monthly at 0.50 lbs/month on bentgrass greens (6 lbs/yr total). Lime applications can stimulate disease Reduce shade, if possible Core in early September to allow greens enough time to heal without having to raise the nitrogen rates.

7 Control Strategies Begin scouting greens in September once rains begin to fall. Use an indicator green (i.e. a green that gets infected first as your signal to begin spraying) Once symptoms are detected begin fungicide sprays. Remember, there can be a lag time before a systemic fungicide gets taken up and acts on the fungus. If weather is conducive, mix a contact with a systemic on the first application.

8 Control Strategies Cont. Avoid damage in fall or early winter as the turf will not grow out of it until spring. Mix and/or Alternate contacts with systemic fungicides and you may get by with as few as 4 or 5 sprays from fall through spring. If perfect greens are required, you may have to treat preventatively and will likely make 8 or more applications.

9 Contact Fungicides for Microdochium Patch My Ratings Fungicide Rating Notes PCNB Strong Preventative application Secure Strong Contact 2 week residual Fore Medium Contact 2 week residual Daconil Weak to medium Contact 2 week residual Medallion Weak May add something to Instrata

10 Systemic Fungicides for Microdochium Patch My Ratings Fungicide Rating Notes Banner Maxx Strong Can be slow if curative application Endorse/Affirm Strong Quicker to cure but shorter residual 26GT Medium to Strong Lasts 3 weeks 6 oz. better than Weak in our trials May have resistance issues Strobilurin class Generally weak by themselves Strong in Headway, Heritage TL Medium at 2.0 oz./1,000 sq. ft. Phosphites Medium to weak By themselves - Still testing

11 Systemic Fungicides for Microdochium Patch My Ratings (Cont.) Fungicide Rating Notes Bayleton Weak Trinity/Triton Weak Torque Weak Tourney Weak Can injure Poa annua Eagle? Untested Heritage Weak to Medium Strong in Headway Insignia Weak Weak in Honor Compass Weak Strong in Interface for 3 weeks

12 Combination Fungicides for Microdochium Patch My Ratings Fungicide Rating Notes Instrata Strong Can be slow if curative application Concert Same Control as Banner Maxx At 8.5 oz. (Equivalent rate of 2 oz. of Banner) Interface Strong Lasts 3 5 oz. Headway Strong At 3.0 oz. Reserve Weak Triton FLO + Chlorothalanil Mirage Weak New Tebuconazole from Bayer

13 Comparing DMI Fungicides Banner Maxx (propiconazole) Trinity/Triton/Triton FLO (triticonazole) Mirage/Torque (Tebuconazole) Bayleton (Triadimefon) Tourney (Metaconazole Eagle (not included in trial) Rubigan (Not Included - used for Poa control)

14 Banner Maxx 2.0 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (1 st app) 1.0 oz/1,000, thereafter. (Propiconazole)

15 Trinity 1.0 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (Triticonazole)

16 Tartan 2.0 oz/1,000 sq. ft. [Bayleton (Triadimefon)+ Compass)

17 Torque 0.6 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (Tebuconazole)

18 Tourney 0.6 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (Metaconazole) Do not use on Poa annua!

19 Tourney 0.6 oz/1,000 sq. ft. 2 apps during summer

20 DMI Fungicides Microdochium Patch DMI Fungicides Banner Maxx (Propiconazole) Trinity/Triton/Triton FLO (Triticonazole) Torque (Tebuconazole) Bayleton (Triadimefon) Tourney (Metaconazole) Eagle (myclobutanil) Rubigan (Fenarimol) Brian s Rating on Microdochium Patch (not under snow cover) Strong Weak Weak Weak Weak/Do not use on Poa annua Untested Untested/Used to control Poa annua

21 Propiconazole Mixes Banner Maxx (Propiconazole) Concert (Propiconazole + Daconil) Headway (Propiconazole + Heritage) Instrata (Propiconazole + Daconil + Medallion) Does Instrata provide better control than Banner, Concert, or Headway?

22 Untreated 3-17

23 Banner Maxx 2.0 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (1 st app) 1.0 oz/1,000, thereafter. (Propiconazole) Some Disease -.33 /.16 oz ppz /1,000 sq. ft

24 Concert 5.0 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (Propiconazole + Chlorothalanil) Some Disease -.19 oz ppz. /1,000 sq. ft.

25 Headway 3.0 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (Propiconazole + Azoxystrobin) 100 % Control 0.33 oz ppz/1000 sq. ft.

26 Headway G 4 lbs/1,000 sq. ft. (Propiconazole + Azoxystrobin) Granular fungicides are generally weak on Microdochium Patch regardless of chemical.

27 Instrata 5.0 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (Propiconazole + Chlorothalanil + Medallion) 100 % Control -.29 ppz/1,000 sq. ft.

28 2010 Trial - Fungicides Applied on 4 week Interval Product Rate/1000 sq. ft. Propiconazole Rate Instrata 5.0 oz oz. a.i. Concert 5.0 oz oz. a.i. Headway 3.0 oz oz a.i. Banner 2.0 (1 st application only)/1.0 oz. Thereafter /0.16 oz. a.i.

29 2010 Microdochium Trial Trt # Products Rate Units Percent Disease 1 Untreated Na Na Honor (Insignia + Emerald) 1.1 WT oz Trinity 1.0 Liq oz Trinity alt with Honor 1.0 /1.1 Liq/WT oz Tartan 2.0 Liq oz Interface + Daconil Ultrex Liq oz/wt oz Interface + Daconil Ultrex Liq oz/wt oz Interface + Daconil Ultrex Liq oz/wt oz Concert (.19 oz. ppz*/1,000 sq. ft.) 5.0 Liq oz 0.8 * ppz = propiconazole 4.0

30 2010 Microdochium Trial Trt # Products Rate Units Percent Disease 10 Instrata SL (.29 oz. ppz*/1,000) 5.0 Liq oz Instrata SL (.41 oz. ppz*/1,000) 7.0 Liq oz Heritage G 4.0 WT lbs Headway G 4.0 WT lbs Headway 1.39 ME (.33 oz. ppz.) 3.0 Liq oz Renown (Heritage + Daconil) 4.5 Liq oz Torque 0.6 Liq oz Tourney 0.37 WT oz Banner Maxx 1st app 2.0, thereafter 1.0 (.33/.16 oz ppz*/1,000) 2.0/1.0 Liq oz 1.2 *ppz = propiconazole 4.0

31 2012 Winter Microdochium Patch Trt. No. Treatment Rate (oz/m) Percent Control 3/15 1 Untreated na Banner Maxx (.08 oz. ppz./1,000 sq. ft.) Banner Maxx (.16 oz. ppz./1,000 sq. ft.) Banner Maxx (.33 oz. ppz./1,000 sq. ft.) Instrata (.41 oz. ppz./1,000 sq. ft.) Concert (.19 oz. ppz./1,000 sq. ft.) Headway (.33 oz. ppz/1,000 sq. ft.) * Ppz = propiconazole Spray Interval = 4 weeks

32 Medallion 0.5 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (Fludioxonil) Medallion has provided no control of Microdochium Patch in our trials.

33 Daconil Zn 8.3/5.4 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (Chlorothalanil) Daconil has been weak in our Microdochium Patch trials.

34 Different Rates of Product to Achieve the Same Amount of Propiconazole Product Rate Propiconazole Rate Banner Maxx II 2.0 oz oz. a.i. Concert 8.7 oz.* 0.33 oz. a.i. Headway 3.0 oz oz a.i. Instrata 5.6 oz oz. a.i. *Exceeds maximum label rate of 8.5 oz.

35 Other Products Strobilurins & Strobilurin Mixes Heritage & Heritage G Interface (Compass + 26GT) Polyoxins Affirm/Endorse 26GT

36 Heritage TL 1.0 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (Azoxystrobin) 35 infection Centers Strobilurins have been weak.

37 Heritage G 4 lbs/1,000 sq. ft. (Azoxystrobin) Combine a weak fungicide with a granular formulation and you get this.

38 Interface (5.0 oz) + Daconil Ultrex (3.2 oz) Good control for 3 weeks. Control broke down a little after 3 weeks.

39 Endorse 4 oz/1,000 sq. ft. (Polyoxin-D zinc) Also, Affirm (0.9 oz./1,000 sq. ft.) Has been strong in our trials.

40 2007 M. Patch Trial Salishan Golf Resort Product Rate Units 05/10 04/17 03/28 Tartan 1.50 Liq oz/m Tartan 2.00 Liq oz/m Lynx 1.00 Liq oz/m Lynx 2.00 Liq oz/m GT 4.00 Liq oz/m GT 6.00 Liq oz/m Tartan + Par Flo 4F Liq oz/m Headway 1.39 EC 1.50 Liq oz/m Headway 1.39 EC 3.00 Liq oz/m Untreated Check na na

41 2007 M. Patch Trial Salishan Golf Resort Product Rate Units 05/10 04/17 03/28 Heritage TL 1.00 Liq oz/m Heritage TL 2.00 Liq oz/m A14472 WG 1.00 WT oz/m A14472 WG 2.00 WT oz/m Instrata 3.61 SE 6.00 Liq oz/m Medallion 0.50 WT oz/m Daconil Zn 8.30/5.4 Liq oz/m Dithane 7.5 WT oz/m Endorse 4.00 WT oz/m Untreated Check na na

42 Percent Microdochium Patch 9 WAT Products 1/14/05 Untreated Check 11% A14472 (1.0 oz/m) 0% A14472 (2.0 oz/m) 0% Banner Maxx (2.0 oz/m) 0% Banner Maxx (4.0 oz/m) 0% Medallion (0.25 oz/m) 10% Medallion (0.50 oz/m) 8% Medallion + Banner Maxx ( ) 0% Instrata(chlorothalanil+fludioxanil+propaconazol) (4.7oz/M) 0% PCNB Granular (6.7 lbs/m)** 0% ** Only 2 applications made Initiation and + 21 days

43 Example Rotation 1 (Preventative) September 15 th Headway (3.0 oz.) October 15 th PCNB (8.0 oz.) November 15 th Affirm + Secure (0.90 oz oz) December 15 th Interface (5.0 oz.) January 15 th PCNB (8.0 oz.) February 15th Instrata (7.0 oz.) March 15 th 26GT + Secure (6.0 oz oz.) April 15 th FORE (8.0 oz.)

44 Example Rotation (Scout & Treat) Scout first treat at first sign of disease October 15 th - Affirm + Secure ( oz.) November 15 th PCNB (8.0 oz.) Scout again as disease often slows in December as temperatures cool down. January 15 th Instrata (7.0 oz.) February 15 th PCNB (8.0 oz.) March 15 th Interface (5.0 oz.) Scout again further treatments may be unnecessary.

45 Final Thoughts Fungicide Effectiveness vs. Disease Pressure Fungal Incubation period vs. Fungicide Uptake Time (aka the fungicide I put down didn t work ) Other Disease Considerations vs. Fungicide Selections

46 Percent Control Fungicide Effectiveness vs. Disease Control Increasing Disease Pressure > Highly Effective Moderately Effective Weak

47 Fungal Incubation Period vs. Fungicide Uptake 1. The turf is already infected before symptoms appear. 2. Fungicides take time (1 week +) to get taken into the plant and begin acting on the fungus 3. When temperatures are cold, the time it takes for fungicides to get taken up increases.

48 Other Diseases? Considering other diseases and timings : 2014 M. nivale fungicide trial Yellow Patch was not uniform, but insightful 48

49 Banner Maxx II (Propiconazole) Secure (Fluazinam) Chipco 26 GT (Iprodione) Untreated 49

50 Fore WP (Mancozeb) Civitas and Sulfur Headway (Azoxystrobin + Propiconazole) Interface (Iprodione + Trifloxystrobin) 50

51 Beaver Turf Web Site & Contact Information Beaverturf.com