Increasing levels of rapeseed meal in diets for growing pigs

Transcription

1 Increasing levels of rapeseed meal in diets for growing pigs Effects on protein and energy metabolism Anne-Helene Tauson, Production, Nutrition and Health

2 26/01/ Acknowledgements This experiment is part of the project Efficient use of feed resources for a sustainable Norwegian food production Financed by the Norwegian Research Council The presentation is based on a research paper by M. Pérez de Nanclares, C. Marcussen, A.-H. Tauson, J.Ø. Hansen, N.P.Kjos, L.T. Mydland, K.E. Bach Knudsen and M. Øverland Is part of Marta Pérez de Nanclares PhD thesis, defended at the Norwegian University of Life Sciences 30 Nov. -17

3 26/01/ Introduction Alternatives to soybean meal as major protein source in pig diets are needed to improve sustainability Decrease dependence on imported feedstuffs Increase use of local feed resources Rapeseed meal is such a possible alternative Abundantly available Locally grown in the Nordic countries High protein content Constraints Poorer amino acid composition than soybean meal High fibre content Antinutritional factors, e.g. glucosinolates, tannins, phytic acid

4 26/01/ Objectives To investigate effects of increasing replacement of soybean meal and wheat with rapeseed meal on energy and protein metabolism of young growing pigs

5 26/01/ Hypotheses Increasing inclusion of RSM would cause Decreased digestibility of main nutrients and energy Owing to high content of lignified fibre Unchanged or lower retention of protein Because of lower protein digestibility Changes in heat production and energy retention High fibre content would increase heat production, but Effects of glucosinolate content might modify effects on heat production through effects on T3 and T4 concentrations, hence on basal metabolic rate

6 26/01/ Materials and methods Animals: 4 batches of each 8 pigs (2x4 littermates), D x L/Y, initial BW kg, i.e. 8 pigs per treatment group 4 diets: 0, 10, 20 and 30% rapeseed meal: Ingredients, g/kg RSM0 RSM10 RSM20 RSM30 Barley Wheat Soybean meal Oats Rapeseed meal Tallow Diets were calculated to be isonitrogenous (crystalline lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan) and isoenergetic

7 26/01/ Materials and methods Two weeks adaptation period to diets in the stable 3 days adaptation period to metabolism cages 4 days balance period with quantitative collection of feed residues, faeces and urine 22 h respiration experiment, indirect calorimetry in an open-air circulation system

8 26/01/ Materials and methods Calculation of apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of major nutrients and fibre fraction Heat production based on O 2 consumption, CO 2 and CH 4 production, N in urine (Brouwer equation) N and energy balances Efficiency of utilization of N and energy

9 26/01/ Results, ATTD Digestibility quotient, % RSM0 RSM10 RSM20 RSM30 Organic matter 82.1 a 80.0 ab 79.4 b 77.2 c Energy 82.1 a 79.6 b 79.7 b 77.7 b Crude protein 82.2 a 79.0 bc 79.5 ab 76.5 c Fat 76.1 ab 73.8 b 77.9 ab 79.5 a Carbohydrate 85.8 a 84.5 ab 83.0 b 80.7 c Dietary fibre 42.2 a 38.9 ab 36.9 ab 35.6 b abc Values that share no common superscript differ significantly, P<0.05

10 26/01/ Results, N-balance N-metabolism, g/kg 0.75 /day RSM0 RSM10 RSM20 RSM30 Intake of N (IN) Digested N (DN) 2.14 a 1.96 bc 2.01 b 1.89 c Faecal N (FN) 0.48 b 0.52 ab 0.53 ab 0.60 a Urinary N (UN) 0.70 a 0.65 ab 0.61 ab 0.58 b UN:FN 1.55 a 1.27 ab 1.18 b 1.05 b Retained N (RN) RN:DN

11 26/01/ Results energy metabolism Energy metabolism, kj/kg 0.75 RSM0 RSM10 RSM20 RSM30 Intake of ME (ME) Heat production (HE) Retained energy (RE) Energy retained in protein Energy retained in fat RE:ME Respiratory quotient

12 26/01/ Conclusions Increasing dietary inclusion of RSM resulted in Decreased ATTM of OM, energy, CP, carbohydrate and dietary fibre Owing to increasing degree of lignification of fibre fraction Despite lower intake of DN no effect on RN and RN:DN, but repartitioning of N from urine to faeces Positive environmental effect lower ammonia emission Similar energy metabolism traits similar ME intake, HE, RE and RE:ME Hence, pigs utilized the RSM diets with similar efficiency as the SBM diet

13 Thank you!