4) The muscle protein that binds calcium used for muscle contraction is the. a) G actin b) Troponin c) Tropomyosin d) calmodulin e) B and D

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1 BIOL 2401 PRACTICE EXAM 4 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: 1) When acetylcholine binds to receptors at the motor end plate, the muscle membrane becomes. a) more permeable to sodium ions b) more permeable to potassium ions c) depolarized d) more permeable to chloride ions 2) Which of the following muscles would contract more weakly? a) a muscle receiving 100 action potentials per minute b) a muscle receiving 40 action potentials per minute 3) Which of the following is not a usual result of resistance exercise? a) Increase in the efficiency of the circulatory system b) Increase in the efficiency of the respiratory system c) Increase in the number of muscle cells d) Increase in the number of myofibrils within the muscle cells e) Increase in the efficiency of the heart 4) The muscle protein that binds calcium used for muscle contraction is the. a) G actin b) Troponin c) Tropomyosin d) calmodulin e) B and D 5) The cholinergic receptors found on the motor end plate are receptors. a) Muscarinic b) Delta c) Beta d) Nicotinic e) Alpha 6) is used to convert ADP to ATP by transfer of a phosphate group. A reserve highenergy compound. a) Acetylcholine b) Acetylcholinesterase c) Myoglobin d) Creatine phosphate e) Glycogen 1

2 7) In which of the following areas of a muscle cell, only myosin filaments are found? a) H zone b) A band c) I band d) Sarcomere e) Overlapping zone 8) Which of the following is most accurate? a) Myofilaments slide during isometric contraction b) The cell relaxes between contractions during treppe c) Muscle tension remains relatively constant during isometric contraction d) T-tubules may be sliding during isotonic contraction e) A and D 9) Which of the following is a true statement? a) T tubule runs between 2 cisternas b) sarcomere extend from Z disc to M line c) during isometric contraction, the muscle length changes d) calcium is free in the cytoplasm when the muscle is relaxed e) end plate potential is the action potential happening in a muscle fiber 10) The sliding filament model of contraction involves. a) actin and myosin sliding past each other and partially overlap b) the shortening of thick filaments so that thin filaments slide past c) actin and myosin shortening but not sliding past each other d) the Z disc sliding over the myofilaments 11) Most of the calcium used in smooth muscle contraction comes from the. a) sarcoplasmic reticulum b) troponin c) caveoli d) calmodulin e) ATP 12) Select the right statement: a) smooth muscle cells do not have myosin proteins b) varicosities release epinephrine for skeletal muscle contraction c) smooth muscle cells do not use calcium for contraction d) skeletal muscle cells will not have dense bodies e) skeletal muscle cells do not use energy from ATP 2

3 13) is the increase in the number of muscle cells causing the muscle to increase in size. a) hyperplasia b) hypertrophy c) hypotrophy d) stress-relaxation response e) none of the above 14) At the beginning of physical exercise the energy for muscle contraction comes from. a) anaerobic pathway b) mitochondria c) creatine-phosphate d) lactic acid e) aerobic pathway 15) Anaerobic pathway generates ATP from. a) glycogenolysis b) glycolysis c) gluconeogenesis d) lactic acid e) oxygen 16) The bone cells responsible for bone resorption are the. a) osteoblasts b) osteoclasts c) osteoids d) osteocytes e) osteopenias 17) The following is a bone derived from Endochondral ossification. a) clavicle b) temporal c) parietal d) triquetal e) B and D 18) All of the following are zones of the epiphyseal plate, except the zone. a) hypertrophic b) resting c) calcification d) hypotrophic e) ossification 3

4 19) The last stage of bone repair would be. a) bone remodeling b) hematoma formation c) bony callus formation d) fibrocartilaginous callus formation e) granulation tissue formation 20) Physiological aging will result in loss of bone mass known as. a) osteomalacia b) osteoporosis c) osteopenia d) rickets e) Paget s disease 21) The Harversian canal is filled with. a) blood vessels b) lymphatic vessels c) nerves d) trabecular bone. 22) is a type of projection participates in joint formation. a) facet b) tuberosity c) trochanter d) fissure e) spine 23) Which of the following muscle abducts the arm? a) deltoid b) infraspinatus c) supraspinatus d) teres minor 24) Paralysis of which muscle would make the person unable to flex the head? a) splenius b) erector spinae c) longissimus d) sternocleidomastoid e) sternohyoid 4

5 25) The following muscle is an antagonist for dorsiflexion. a) gastrocnemius b) tibialis anterior c) rectus femoris d) biceps femoris e) semimembranous 26) What is the action of the supraspinatus? a) synergist for arm abduction b) elevates the scapula c) stabilizes the shoulder d) synergist for arm adduction 27) The following is the muscle stem cell. a) sarcolemma b) sarcoblast c) myoblast d) myocyte e) myoglobin 28) Which muscle(s) is(are) used in a normal respiration (breathing)? a) internal intercostal b) diaphragm c) pectoralis minor d) external intercostal e) B and D 29) Which muscle is a primer mover for shoulder extension? a) pectoralis major b) latissimus dorsi c) trapezius d) triceps e) biceps 30) The depresses the lower lip. a) depressor labii inferioris b) mentalis c) depressor anguli oris d) orbicularis oris e) buccinators 5

6 31) All the following are rotator cuff muscles, except the. a) supraspinatus b) infraspinatus c) subscapularis d) teres major e) teres minor 32) The person with a paralysis of the rhomboids would not be able to. a) rotate the vertebral column b) depress the scapula c) adduct the scapula d) flex the trunk e) elevate the scapula 33) The following muscle(s) flexes the wrist. a) flexor carpi radialis b) pronator teres c) flexor carpi ulnaris d) supinator 34) A person who is unable to adduct the leg will have a problem with the muscle. a) sartorius b) rectus femoris c) tensor fasciae latae d) gracilis e) tibial anterior 35) All of the following are posterior muscles of the leg, except the. a) vastus lateralis b) gastrocnemius c) soleus d) semimembranous e) biceps femoris 36) The plantar flexes the feet. a) soleus b) tibialis anterior c) extensor digitorum d) rectus femoris e) vastus medialis 6

7 37) The following elevates the eyebrow. a) occiptalis b) frontalis c) corrugator supercilii d) orbicularis oculi e) platysma SHORT ANSWERS: 38) The process of bone increasing in width is known as. 39) A bone embedded in a tendon is called a bone. 40) A fracture is most likely found in an eighty-year-old person. 41) is the process of making bone. 42) is a new and soft bone matrix. 7

8 Biol 2401 Practice Exam 4 Answers: 1) E 2) B 3) C 4) E 5) D 6) D 7) A 8) B 9) A 10) A 11) C 12) D 13) A 14) C 15) B 16) B 17) D 18) D 19) A 20) C 21) E 22) A 23) E 24) D 25) A 26) E 27) C 28) E 29) B 30) A 31) D 32) C 33) E 34) D 35) A 36) A 37) B 38) Appositional 39) Sesamoid 40) Comminuted 41) Osteogenesis or ossification 42) Osteoid 8