Index. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

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1 Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Absorption of drugs in the elderly, 278 Abuse substance in patient with cognitive impairment safety concerns related to, 323, 325, ADEs. See Adverse drug events (ADEs) Adverse drug events (ADEs) cognitive effects in rehabilitation medicine, described, Allergy(ies) treatment of medical errors related to, 428 Amputation adult with rehabilitation of health care team and caregivers safety, 381 patient safety in clinical prevention recommendations, in complex patients, considerations, 378 falls, future research related to, methodologic issues, pain management, prosthesis-related issues, wound care, safety-related issues in, child with safety-related issues in, lower extremity falls related to, prevalence of, Anchoring bias, 224 Anesthesia/anesthetics in children with neuromuscular disorders safety concerns related to, 407 complications of medical errors related to, 428 Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 23 (2012) doi: /s (12) /12/$ see front matter ª 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. pmr.theclinics.com

2 458 Anesthesia (continued) local medical errors related to, 428 Anticoagulants for DVT in adult with SCI, 374 pharmacology of in rehabilitation medicine, See also specific drugs and Medication safety, in rehabilitation medicine, anticoagulants Aspiration pneumonia in adult with SCI preventative measures, 374 medical errors related to, 428 in rehabilitation setting nursing perspective on, 267 Attention in assessment of cognitive impairment in rehabilitation patients, Attribution error, 224 B Back pain low diagnosis-related errors related to, 425 Bias(es) anchoring, 224 cause-and-effect, 223 cognitive, commission, 224 confirmation, 223 Brain injury rehabilitation medicine prescription for persons with safety precautions, traumatic. See Traumatic brain injury (TBI) C Cancer patients rehabilitation for patient safety during, access to rehabilitation services, 445 cardiac precautions, 451, 452 chemotherapy, communication, coordination of care, diagnosis-related, 447, maximization of strategies in, medical debility, 444 metastatic disease, 444

3 monitoring-related, 447 pain management, 445 patient and caregiver education, 454 patient assessment related, radiation therapy, 445 surgical treatments, 445 treatment-related, 447, risk factors associated with, cardiac complications, 442, 452 cognitive impairments, 453 communication disorders, 453 communication problems, 444 endocrine complications, 442 gastrointestinal complications, 442 hematologic complications, 442, 452 infectious disease complications, 443, 451 nervous system complications, orthopedic complications, 443 pulmonary complications, 442, 452 renal complications, 442 seizures, 453 swallowing problems, 444 VTE events, 443, 452 wound- and surgery-related complications, 453 rehabilitation medicine prescription for safety precautions, Cardiac rehabilitation safety considerations during, phase I (inpatient or acute phase), phase II (outpatient supervised program), 437 phase III and IV (training and maintenance), Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in rehabilitation medicine nursing perspective on, CAUTI. See also Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) Cerebral palsy children with patient safety in rehabilitation of, Cervical radiculopathy vs. primary shoulder pathology Chemotherapy safety issues related to, Children with amputation safety concerns related to, cerebral palsy in patient safety in rehabilitation for, in rehabilitation setting 459

4 460 Children (continued) assessment of, education issues, 403 function levels, 403 medical history, neuromusculoskeletal problems, 402 physical examination, socioeconomic issues, 403 safety-related issues, care coordination and transitional planning related, exercise-related, 405 neuromuscular disorders, prescription considerations, 405 prosthesis-related, 411 SCIs, medical errors related, TBI in patient safety in rehabilitation for, Claudication neurogenic vs. vascular Clinical pharmacists in medication management, 276 Cognition ADEs effects on in rehabilitation medicine, Cognitive biases, Cognitive errors in rehabilitation medicine anchoring bias, 224 attribution error, 224 cause-and-effect bias, 223 commission bias, 224 confirmation bias, 223 context, 224 convergence, over-reliance, 223 overconfidence, pattern recognition and comparison with current situation, 223 recency, 224 sunk costs, 224 types of, Cognitive impairment safety concerns related to, 453 rehabilitation of person with assessment in, attention and related functions, executive functioning, language, 318 memory,

5 461 visual spatial functioning, patient safety considerations, decision-making capacity, 323, 325, driving motor vehicle, 322, 324, falls, 323, 325, IADLs, impaired awareness of deficit, 322, 324, medication adherence, 321, 322, 324, 326 substance abuse, 323, 325, suicide, 323, 325, 330 wandering, 323, 325, 331 Cold therapy safety precautions in, 232 Commission bias in rehabilitation medicine, 224 Communication patient safety during, safety concerns related to, 444 medical errors related to, 429 Communication disorders safety concerns related to, 453 prevalence of, 343 in rehabilitation medicine settings patient assessment, presentations of, 343 safety considerations for patients with, challenges and characteristics of impaired communication, strategies to minimize risks, types of, 344 Confirmation bias, 223 Context, 224 Convergence, D Dabigatran for DVT in rehabilitation setting, 282 Dalteparin for DVT in rehabilitation setting, 282 Decision-making capacity in patient with cognitive impairment safety considerations related to, 323, 325, Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in adult with SCI preventative measures, 373

6 462 Deep (continued ) treatment of, 374 anticoagulants for in rehabilitation setting, Distribution of drugs in the elderly, 278 Driving in patient with cognitive impairment safety considerations related to, 322, 324, Duchenne muscular dystrophy in children safety concerns related to, Dural punctures after epidural steroid injections as medical error, 426 DVT. See Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) Dysphagia. See also Dysphagic patients across health care settings described, 336 identification of, 336 Dysphagic patients. See also Dysphagia medication safety in, multidisciplinary management of, comprehensive and integrated speech pathology approach, safety concerns for, medical errors related, nursing perspective on, 267 E Elderly falls in IRFs among risk factors for, medication safety in in rehabilitation medicine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics related to, Enoxaparin for DVT in rehabilitation setting, 283 Epidural hematomas after epidural steroid injections as medical error, 426 Epidural steroid injections dural punctures after as medical error, 426 epidural hematomas after as medical error, 426 Excretion of drugs

7 463 in the elderly, 279 Executive functioning in cognitive impairment assessment in rehabilitation patients, Exercise patient safety during, 451 for children in rehabilitation safety concerns related to, 405 for children with neuromuscular disorders safety concerns related to, 410 safety precautions, F Fall(s) cognitive impairment and safety concerns related to, 323, 325, in IRFs, costs to society, 306 epidemiology of, general considerations, impact on patient, 307 minimizing risk for interventions in, older adults at risk for assessment of, lower extremity amputation and, as medical error, 427 medication-induced medication safety related to, prevention of in rehabilitation medicine, Family education medication safety related in rehabilitation medicine, Fondaparinux for DVT in rehabilitation setting, 283 Fracture(s) in children with neuromuscular disorders safety concerns related to, 407 G Gastropathy NSAIDs related, Gluteal pain syndromes

8 464 H Headaches Heart exercise effects on safety precautions, problems associated with in children with neuromuscular disorders safety concerns related to, 407 Heat therapy safety precautions, 232 Hematoma(s) epidural after epidural steroid injections as medical error, 426 Heparin for DVT in rehabilitation setting, 284 Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) anticoagulants for in rehabilitation setting, Heterotopic ossification rehabilitation medicine prescription for persons with safety precautions, 238 HIT. See Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) Hospital(s) falls in epidemiology of, Hyperglycemia exercise effects on safety precautions in, 234 Hypersomnia treatment of, in rehabilitation setting, Hypoglycemia exercise effects on safety precautions, 234 I IADLs. See Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) IHI. See Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) Infection(s) after spinal injections

9 465 as medical error, 427 Inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) after TBI patient safety in, falls in, epidemiology of, Insomnia treatment of in rehabilitation setting medications ADEs related to, 294 off-label and over-the-counter medications, 294 options in, , Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) in quality improvement in rehabilitation medicine, Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) in patient with cognitive impairment safety concerns related to, Interventional pain procedures medical errors seen in, See also Medical error(s), in pain management patient safety in, characteristics of patients with pain syndromes, 424 prevention strategies, scope of errors in, communication problems, 424 human error, technical problems, 424 toxicity related to medical errors related to, Intrathecal morphine trials medical errors related to, IRF. See Inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) L Language in cognitive impairment assessment in rehabilitation patients, 318 Latex allergy medical errors related to, 428 Long-term health care settings falls in epidemiology of, Low back pain M Medical error(s) in children with spinal cord disorders, deaths due to prevalence of, 221

10 466 Medical (continued ) defined, 222 impacting safety of dysphagic patients pathways leading to, in pain management, competency of staff related errors, 429 treatment-related errors, Medical history safety precautions, Medication(s) adherence to in patient with cognitive impairment safety concerns related to, 321, 322, 324, 326 Medication errors in rehabilitation medicine, high-risk medication, 273 strategies to minimize patient safety risk, Medication reconciliation, 274 Medication safety in rehabilitation medicine, ADEs, anticoagulants, for HIT, for VTE, , clinical pharmacists role in, 276 drug-induced cognitive adverse events, drug-induced neuropsychiatric disturbances, 297 drug interactions, in dysphagic patients, in the elderly, medication errors, medication-induced falls, medication reconciliation, 274 NSAIDs related, pain medications, patient and family education, sleep disorders related, in rehabilitation setting nursing perspective on, 263 Memory in cognitive impairment assessment in rehabilitation patients, Metabolism of drugs in the elderly, Metastatic disease safety concerns related to, 444 Military personnel TBI in patient safety in rehabilitation medicine after,

11 467 Motor disorders rehabilitation medicine prescription for persons with safety precautions, Multiple sclerosis rehabilitation medicine prescription for persons with safety precautions, 236 N Narcolepsy treatment of, Nerve injury direct as medical error, 426 Neurogenic claudication vs. vascular claudication Neurologic diseases rehabilitation medicine prescription for persons with safety precautions, Neuromuscular disorders children with rehabilitation for safety concerns related to, anesthesia-related, 407 cardiac-related, 407 equipment-related, 410 exercise-related, 410 fractures, 407 obesity, 407 pulmonary-related, 407 scoliosis, 407 swallowing, 410 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in rehabilitation setting, NSAIDs. See Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Nursing perspective on safety in rehabilitation setting, See also Patient safety, in rehabilitation medicine, nursing perspective on O Obesity in children with neuromuscular disorders safety concerns related to, 407 Organization-related issues medical errors related to, 429 Orthopedic precautions exercise-related safety precautions,

12 468 Over-reliance, 223 Overconfidence, P Pain after amputation in adult management of, management of safety concerns related to, 445 Pain medications in rehabilitation setting, Pain syndromes characteristics of patients with increased safety risk during interventional pain management procedures due to, 424 Patient education medication safety related in rehabilitation medicine, Patient identifiers medical errors related to, 428 Patient safety in cardiac rehabilitation, defined, 222, in interventional pain procedures, See also Interventional pain procedures, patient safety in in rehabilitation medicine, See also Dysphagic patients; specific indications, aspects, and factors, e.g., Amputation adult with SCI, amputation adult with, child with, cancer patients, cerebral palsy in children, in children, cognitive impairments, communication disorders, dysphagic patients, at handoff, barriers to, elements in, future trends in, importance of, methods of improving, nursing perspective on, aspiration pneumonia, 267 CAUTI, dysphagia, 267 education and competencies from, 262 falls prevention,

13 medication safety, 263 nurse safety, overview, patient populations in rehabilitation centers, pressure ulcers, root-cause analysis in, 227 systems thinking and, TBI, , Pattern recognition, 223 Pharmacodynamics of drugs in the elderly, 279 Pharmacokinetics described, 278 Pneumonia(s) aspiration. See Aspiration pneumonia Pneumothorax after trigger point injections as medical error, 426 Postprocedure monitoring medical errors related to, 429 Pregnancy exercise during safety precautions, 233 Prescription rehabilitation medicine safety precautions in, See also Rehabilitation medicine prescription, safety precautions in Pressure ulcers in rehabilitation medicine adult with SCI preventative measures, 373 nursing perspective on, rehabilitation medicine prescription in persons with safety precautions, 238 Prosthesis adult with safety-related issues, child with safety-related issues, 411 Protein binding of drugs in the elderly, 278 Pulmonary rehabilitation safety concerns during, Pulmonary system in adult SCI patient safety concerns related to, 372 exercise effects on 469

14 470 Pulmonary (continued ) safety precautions, 234 problems associated with in children with neuromuscular disorders safety concerns related to, 407 Q Quality improvement in rehabilitation medicine, IHI in, methodology in, team members in, R Radiation therapy safety concerns related to, 427, 445 Radiculopathy cervical vs. primary shoulder pathology Radiofrequency equipment safety concerns related to, 427 Recency, 224 Rehabilitation facility(ies). See also Long-term health care settings; specific types, e.g., Hospital(s) inpatient. See also Inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) falls in, See also Fall(s), in IRFs patient populations in safety related to nursing perspective on, Rehabilitation medicine. See also Dysphagic patients; specific indications, aspects, and factors in, e.g., Amputation medication safety in, See also Medication safety, in rehabilitation medicine patient safety in, amputation in adult, cancer patients, during cardiac rehabilitation, cerebral palsy in children, in children, , cognitive biases related to, cognitive impairments, communication disorders, dysphagic patients, at handoff, during pulmonary rehabilitation, SCI in adult,

15 471 TBI, , population requiring characteristics of, 271 quality improvement in, settings for, 222 Rehabilitation medicine prescription safety issues related to, 451 in children considerations for, 405 safety precautions in, cancer, cold therapy, 232 exercise, heat therapy, 232 heterotopic ossification, 238 medical history, motor disorders, 237 neurologic diseases, pressure ulcers, 238 venous thromboembolic disease, Rivaroxaban for DVT in rehabilitation setting, 284 Root-cause analysis in patient safety in rehabilitation medicine, 227 S Safety. See also Patient safety; specific types and Medication safety defined, , See also Rehabilitation medicine prescription, safety precautions in SCI. See Spinal cord injury (SCI) Scoliosis in children with neuromuscular disorders safety concerns related to, 407 Seizures safety concerns related to, 453 Shoulder problems associated with vs. cervical radiculopathy Skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) rehabilitation in after TBI patient safety in, Sleep neurochemistry of, 292

16 472 Sleep cycles, 292 Sleep disorders in rehabilitation setting medications for, SNFs. See Skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) Spinal cord injury (SCI) adult with patient safety in rehabilitation of, checklist for, patient assessment related issues, preventative measures, risk factors associated with, treatment-related, 374 children with safety concerns related to, direct as medical error, Spinal injections infections after as medical error, 427 Steroid(s) toxicity of medical errors related to, 427 Stroke rehabilitation medicine prescription for persons with safety precautions, Substance abuse in patient with cognitive impairment safety concerns related to, 323, 325, Suicide in patient with cognitive impairment safety concerns related to, 323, 325, 330 Sunk costs, 224 Swallowing safety concerns related to, 444 in children with neuromuscular disorders safety concerns related to, 410 Systems thinking patient safety and, T TBI. See Traumatic brain injury (TBI) Thrombocytopenia heparin-induced in rehabilitation setting, Thromboembolism venous

17 473 anticoagulants for in rehabilitation setting, , Traumatic brain injury (TBI) children with patient safety in rehabilitation of, costs related to, deaths due to, 349 patient safety in rehabilitation medicine related to, acute medical centers, community integration, IRFs, military personnel and veterans, SNFs, traditional rehabilitation facilities, prevalence of, 349 Trigger point injections pneumothorax after as medical error, 426 U Ulcer(s) pressure. See Pressure ulcers Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in adult with SCI preventative measures, 373 catheter-associated in rehabilitation medicine nursing perspective on, UTIs. See Urinary tract infections (UTIs) V Vascular claudication vs. neurogenic claudication Venous thromboembolic disease rehabilitation medicine prescription for persons with safety precautions, Venous thromboembolism (VTE) anticoagulants for in rehabilitation setting, , , 443 Veteran(s) TBI in patient safety in rehabilitation medicine after, Visual spatial functioning

18 474 Visual (continued) in cognitive impairment assessment in rehabilitation patients, VTE. See Venous thromboembolism (VTE) W Wandering in patient with cognitive impairment safety concerns related to, 323, 325, 331 Warfarin for DVT in rehabilitation setting, Weakness in adult SCI patient, 372 Wound(s) safety concerns related to, 453