Which of these statements about the figure is most likely correct?

Transcription

1 Mini Quiz 1 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which term describes a collection of observations on which a scientific explanation is based? A. fieldwork B. scientific law C. scientific theory D. empirical evidence 2. Which description defines an experiment? A. prediction of something that will happen B. observation of results from uncontrolled events C. development of a testable explanation of an event D. procedure applied systematically under controlled conditions 3. Which of these answers describes a scientific law? A. an interesting idea based on various scientific opinions B. a well-supported and widely accepted explanation of nature C. a specific relationship under given conditions in the natural world D. an explanation of why particular events happen in the natural world 4. The figure below shows atomic models. Which of these statements about the figure is most likely correct? A. The atomic model has changed very little over time. B. As scientists learned more, they modified the atomic model. C. Scientists are still debating which of the three theories is right. D. Scientists have three different ideas about what atomic structure looks like.

2 5. Two scientists have different ideas about a scientific concept. What might they do to resolve their differences? A. Debate their ideas at a scientific conference. B. Remain silent and hope someone will come up with confirmation for one side or another. C. Each will only discuss the idea with people they know will agree with it D. Each will agree that the other is correct in order to remain friends. 6. Diep worked with Andre to learn more about the classification of green algae. The two students examined the research of different scientists to see where algae were classified. Most sources classified green algae as plants. However, a few very good sources classified green algae as protists. Andre thought the sources that listed green algae as protists were right. How should Diep respond? A. She should find a new partner who does not think that the sources listing green algae as protists are right. B. She should explain to Andre that he is wrong because more sources list green algae as plants, so these sources are right. C. She should ignore Andre and investigate further on her own so she can form her own opinion about the classification of green algae. D. She should explain to Andre that scientific ideas are not right or wrong, but they are usually based on consensus in the scientific community. 7. Which scientific investigation does not include outcome and test variables? A. counting bird populations B. studying the effect of temperature on bacterial reproduction rates C. investigating the effect of mass on the speed at which an object falls D. testing a model car in a wind tunnel to minimize air flow resistance and maximize fuel economy 8. Examine the map shown in the figure below.

3 Some of the information used to create the map was most likely gathered during what type of investigations? A. fieldwork by geologist working in the area B. biologists observing the animals in the area C. laboratory experiments done far away from the area D. surveys of people living in the area 9. A scientist is researching the solar system. How can the scientist best add to the empirical evidence already gathered about the solar system? A. The scientist can make and record observations. B. The scientist can debate the research with other scientists. C. The scientist can write an opinion column about the research. D. The scientist can develop a new law regarding the solar system. 10. A science class was investigating how far a ball could be thrown. The table below shows their results. Trial Distance traveled by ball (m) Based on the class s data, how can they improve the accuracy of the investigation? A. Do more trials. B. Use a different ball. C. Omit trial 4 from the data. D. Average the data to account for the short distance in trial 4.

4 Mini Quiz 1 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: D A is incorrect because fieldwork is part of the observations that make up empirical evidence. B is incorrect because empirical evidence supports a scientific law, not the other way around. C is incorrect because empirical evidence supports a scientific theory, not the other way around. D is correct because empirical evidence is the cumulative body of observation on which scientific explanations are based. DIF: Cognitive Complexity: Low Complexity Depth of Knowledge 1: Recall Student Level: Basic Bloom's Traditional: Knowledge Bloom's Revised: Remembering REF: 4d368aa5-e685-11de-9c f0d2ea OBJ: G6_77280_ScientificKnowledge STA: SC.7.N.1.6 TOP: Empirical Evidence: Define empirical evidence. KEY: empirical evidence evidence theory model MSC: Test Generator g7_unit1_pretest 2. ANS: D A is incorrect because a prediction is formulated before an experiment is conducted. B is incorrect because good experiments must include controlled conditions. C is incorrect because a testable explanation is a hypothesis. D is correct because controlled conditions and an organized procedure characterize a scientific experiment. DIF: Cognitive Complexity: Low Complexity Student Level: Basic Depth of Knowledge 1: Recall Bloom's Traditional: Knowledge Bloom's Revised: Remembering REF: 4cfd792d-e685-11de-9c f0d2ea OBJ: G6_NC_77010_ScientificInvestigations STA: SC.7.N.1.1 TOP: Types of Scientific Investigations: Define experiment KEY: experiment organized procedure controlled conditions MSC: Test Generator g7_unit1_unit Test A 3. ANS: C A is incorrect because neither laws nor theories are based on opinion. B is incorrect because the statement describes a scientific theory. C is correct because a law describes a particular relationship that occurs under specific conditions in the natural world. D is incorrect because scientific theories describe why things happen, and scientific laws describe what happens. DIF: Cognitive Complexity: Low Complexity Depth of Knowledge 1: Recall Student Level: Basic Bloom's Traditional: Knowledge Bloom's Revised: Remembering

5 REF: 4d1eda27-e685-11de-9c f0d2ea OBJ: G6_77280_ScientificKnowledge STA: SC.7.N.3.1 TOP: Theory vs. Law: Define law. KEY: laws scientific laws theory scientific theory MSC: Test Generator g7_benchmark Test B 4. ANS: B A is incorrect because the three drawings clearly show that atomic models have varied over time. B is correct because as scientists learned more about atoms through experimentation and observation, they modified the atomic model to match their discoveries. C is incorrect because the label on the third model indicates that most scientists currently accept the model until further information becomes available. D is incorrect because the labels on the models indicate the current model, showing that there is a temporal relationship among the models that is based on advancing knowledge. DIF: Cognitive Complexity: Medium Complexity Depth of Knowledge 2: Basic Application of Skill Student Level: Average Bloom's Traditional: Synthesis and Evaluation Bloom's Revised: Evaluating REF: 4d2f6394-e685-11de-9c f0d2ea OBJ: G6_77280_ScientificKnowledge STA: SC.7.N.2.1 TOP: Scientific Change: Describe how a scientific theory may change with new evidence. KEY: model scientific change atomic model MSC: Test Generator Uses visual element g7_unit1_unit Test A 5. ANS: A A is correct because scientists debate and discuss conflicting ideas to come to a consensus about a scientific idea. B is incorrect because keeping silent will not bring confirming evidence. C is incorrect because, while discussing ideas with other who agree is nice, it probably will not lead to a solution to the problem.. D is incorrect because, while remaining friends is nice, it probably will not lead to a solution to the problem. DIF: Cognitive Complexity: Low Complexity Depth of Knowledge 1: Recall Student Level: Basic Bloom's Traditional: Knowledge Bloom's Revised: Remembering REF: 4d2f8aa4-e685-11de-9c f0d2ea OBJ: G6_77280_ScientificKnowledge STA: SC.7.N.1.7 TOP: Scientific Change: Recognize the importance of debate in establishing scientific knowledge. KEY: evidence scientific change debate discussion MSC: Test Generator g7_unit1_unit Test B 6. ANS: D A is incorrect because there is no right or wrong in science, and ideas about science should be debated. B is incorrect because there is no right or wrong in science. Neither she nor Andre should be declaring an idea right or wrong. C is incorrect because scientific evidence should not be subject to opinion, and ideas should be communicated and debated openly.

6 D is correct because scientific ideas are neither right nor wrong. Instead, they are agreed upon based on the evidence available. DIF: Cognitive Complexity: Medium Complexity Depth of Knowledge 2: Basic Application of Skill Student Level: Average Bloom's Traditional: Comprehension Bloom's Revised: Understanding REF: 4d31c5ef-e685-11de-9c f0d2ea OBJ: G6_77280_ScientificKnowledge STA: SC.7.N.1.7 TOP: Scientific Change: Recognize the importance of debate in establishing scientific knowledge. KEY: scientific ideas scientific change debate MSC: Florida FCAT Preparation SE Unit g7_unit1 FCAT pages 7. ANS: A A is correct because the act of counting birds does not include variables. B is incorrect because temperature and reproduction rates are variables. C is incorrect because mass and speed are variables. D is incorrect because air resistance and fuel economy are variables. DIF: Cognitive Complexity: Medium Complexity Student Level: Average Depth of Knowledge 2: Basic Application of Skill Bloom's Traditional: Synthesis and Evaluation Bloom's Revised: Evaluating REF: 4cf3efc1-e685-11de-9c f0d2ea OBJ: G6_NC_77010_ScientificInvestigations STA: SC.7.N.1.3 TOP: Types of Scientific Investigations: Differentiate between experiments and other types of scientific investigations KEY: survey test variable outcome variable MSC: Test Generator g7_unit1_lesson Quiz 8. ANS: A A is correct because during field investigations, geologists gather samples and make observations to identify the types of rock in an area. B is incorrect because physical modeling may provide information about geological formations, but it is not a very practical way to develop a map of an area. C is incorrect because laboratory experiments may be performed on rock samples taken from the area examined, but the rock samples must be collected during fieldwork. D is incorrect because surveys of people who live in the area would not provide reliable evidence about geologic features. DIF: Cognitive Complexity: Medium Complexity Depth of Knowledge 2: Basic Application of Skill Student Level: Average Bloom's Traditional: Analysis Bloom's Revised: Analyzing REF: 4d e685-11de-9c f0d2ea OBJ: G6_77280_ScientificKnowledge STA: SC.7.N.1.5 TOP: Empirical Evidence: Describe the methods used to gain empirical evidence and pursue scientific explanations in different fields of science: biology, geology, and physics. KEY: map geology fieldwork MSC: Test Generator Uses visual element 9. ANS: A A is correct because scientists add to empirical evidence by making observations of the natural world.

7 B is incorrect because debate leads to idea modification, but it does not really add to empirical evidence. C is incorrect because opinions are not part of empirical evidence. D is incorrect because laws result from extensive empirical evidence. They do not produce more empirical evidence. DIF: Cognitive Complexity: Low Complexity Depth of Knowledge 2: Basic Application of Skill Student Level: Basic Bloom's Traditional: Comprehension Bloom's Revised: Understanding REF: 4d38ed00-e685-11de-9c f0d2ea OBJ: G6_77280_ScientificKnowledge STA: SC.7.N.1.6 TOP: Empirical Evidence: Define empirical evidence. KEY: empirical evidence evidence laws debate MSC: Test Generator g7_unit1_unit Test B 10. ANS: A A is correct because more trials would increase the sample size of the data and improve the accuracy of their results. B is incorrect because using a different ball would change the investigation and the results could not be compared. C is incorrect because all data gathered must be considered before any conclusions can be drawn. D is incorrect because there are not enough trials to make averaging a reasonable method. DIF: Cognitive Complexity: Low Complexity Student Level: Basic Depth of Knowledge 2: Basic Application of Skill Bloom's Traditional: Synthesis and Evaluation Bloom's Revised: Evaluating REF: 4ce33f44-e685-11de-9c f0d2ea OBJ: G6_NC_77010_ScientificInvestigations STA: SC.7.N.1.2 TOP: Conducting a Scientific Experiment: Explain the major processes involved in conducting scientific investigations KEY: replication results repetition MSC: Test Generator Uses visual element g7_unit1_lesson Quiz