Very Much Alike Yet Completely Different AP Psych Final Exam Review Worksheet

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1 Unit: Topic: Type of Lesson: Materials: Final Exam Preparation Comparing and Contrasting Psychological Terms Homework Assignment/Review Session Packet Copy of worksheet for each student Description: In the study of how people learn, cognitive psychologists like to differentiate between people who "know" something and people who truly have a "deep understanding" of the content. A deep understanding is often characterized by the ability to make connections across chapters, and the ability to understand the differences between concepts that at first glance might seem the same. Students often claim that the most difficult questions on a multiple-choice exam are those where every answer choice seems to be correct. These types of questions are placed on the AP Exam intentionally, and appear with greater frequency as you reach the latter portions of the exam. These questions are intended to separate students with "surface" understanding from students with "deep" understanding - numerically, we might say the 3's from the 4's and the 4's from the 5's. This exercise/review activity is designed specifically with those questions in mind. In this review assignment, you will find 50 pairs of psychological terms that students often find confusing. Each pair of terms fits into one or more of the following three categories: 1) Terms that are easily mixed-up simply because they sound alike (repression & suppression), 2) Terms that are easily mixed-up because they are opposing processes of the same phenomena (hyperopia & myopia), or 3) Terms that are easily mixed-up because they are sub-classes of a greater system (sympathetic & parasympathetic). Each problem below should be answerable in three sentences. Take one sentence to clearly and accurately state the connections between these two terms - emphasizing your depth of knowledge - going beyond any simple connections the terms may have. To complete the section on differences, you will most likely want to utilize one sentence per term - making sure that each term is accurately defined in a way that distinguishes it from the other term. An example is provided to get you started - good luck - may the force be with you! Example Cross-Sectional & Longitudinal both cross-sectional and longitudinal are descriptive research methods that focus on testing/questioning people at different ages of life. the cross-section involves just that - sections or segments of the population who are at different ages - so we might test 20-year-olds, 30-year-olds, and 40-year-olds on the same task - and we could do it all on the same day (they are different people). The longitudinal study is just that - long - in that it involves testing the 20-year-olds today, and then testing the very same people when they reach 30, and then again at 40 (long, expensive and time consuming - yet certainly better results)

2 1. Polarization & Depolarization Very much alike because.. 2. Temperament & Mood 3. Introspection & Introversion 4. Broca's Area & Wernicke's Area 5. Compliance & Obedience 6. Afferent & Efferent 7. Axis I & Axis II 8. Random Sample & Stratified Sample 9. Repression & Suppression

3 10. Social Loafing & Social Facilitation 11. Elaborative & Maintenance 12. Semantics/Syntax 13. Eros & Thanatos 14. Psychiatrist & Psychologist 15. Groupthink & Group Polarization 16. Conductive & Sensorineural 17. Convergent Thinking & Divergent Thinking 18. Stranger Anxiety & Attachment

4 19. Crystallized & Fluid 20. Glial Cells & Neurons 21. Single-Blind & Double-Blind 22. Authoritative Parenting & Authoritarian Parenting 23. Operant Chamber & Puzzle Box 24. Systematic Desensitization & Counterconditioning Yet completely different because Radical Determinism & Reciprocal Determinism 26. Sympathetic Division & Parasympathetic Division 27. Independent Variable & Dependent Variable

5 28. Somatic System & Autonomic System Yet completely different because Alzheimer's Disease & Parkinson's Disease 30. Psychoanalytic & Psychodynamic 31. Hyperopia & Myopia 32. Convergence & Retinal Disparity 33. Operant & Behavior 34. Nightmares & Night Terrors 35. Implicit & Explicit 36. Mental Set & Functional Fixedness

6 37. Representative Heuristic & Availability Heuristic 38. Belief Bias & Belief Perseverance 39. Door-In-The-Face & Foot-In-The-Door 40. Bipolar & Unipolar 41. Delusion & Hallucination 42. Positive Skew & Negative Skew 43. "g" & "s" Very much alike because Babinski & Moro 45. Reliability & Validity

7 46. Kinesthesis & Vestibular Sense 47. Recognition & Recall 48. Subjective Well-Being & Objective Well-Being 49. Formal (Deductive) Reasoning & Informal (Inductive) Reasoning 50. Unconscious & Collective Unconscious

Very Much Alike Yet Completely Different KEY Weekend Review Session # 4

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