Review Sheet Social Psych (8-10%)

Transcription

1 Name Ms. Gabriel/Mr. McManus Date Period AP Psychology Review Sheet Social Psych (8-10%) 1) social psychology Social Thinking 1) attribution theory 2) fundamental attribution error 3) foot-in-the-door phenomenon 4) Phil Zimbardo (Zimbardo Prison Experiment) 5) Leon Festinger 6) cognitive dissonance theory Social Influence 7) Solomon Asch (Asch s Conformity Experiment) 8) conformity 9) normative social influence 10) informational social influence 11) conditions that strengthen conformity

2 12) Stanley Milgram (Milgram s Obedience Experiment) 13) obedience 14) conditions that increase obedience Group Influence 15) social facilitation 16) social loafing 17) deindividuation 18) group polarization 19) groupthink Social Relations 20) prejudice 21) stereotype 22) Social Roots of Prejudice a. Social Inequalities b. Ingroup/Outgroup

3 c. Scapegoating 23) Cognitive Roots of Prejudice a. categorization b. just-world phenomenon 24) aggression a. Biology of Aggression b. Psychology of Aggression i. frustration-aggression principle Conflict 25) social trap 26) self-serving bias 27) self-fulfilling prophecy Attraction 28) Psychology of Attraction a. proximity

4 b. mere exposure effect c. physical attractiveness d. similarity Altruism 29) altruism 30) bystander effect 31) social exchange theory 32) Muzafer Sherif

5 Practice Multiple Choice 1) A basic assumption underlying the evolutionary approach to sexual attraction is that men seek potential mates who a. display financial resources b. have higher social status c. appear fertile d. are taller than average e. are highly educated 2) Because the most popular students in the high school tend to wear a particular brand of athletic shoe, a new student buys a pair of shoes of the same brand. Such behavior demonstrates which of the following social psychological concepts? a. Obedience b. Conformity c. Cognitive dissonance d. Groupthink e. Compliance 3) An individual bystander is most likely to help an injured person under which of the following circumstances? a. When the bystander is the only other person present b. When the injury is severe c. When it is unclear if the injured person needs help d. When the other people present are not helping the injured person e. When a large number of people are present 4) Which of the following is NOT a method for reducing the dissonance a person might experience after refusing to contribute money for a gift to a coworker? a. Saying a phrase such as I am so rude over and over b. Volunteering to buy a gift for another coworker for a different occasion c. Repeating the thought that the coworker makes a good salary and does not need a gift d. Focusing on the thought that the coworker most likely would not contribute money for a gift for another person e. Making a donation to a charity in the coworker s name 5) Which of the following studies in the field of social psychology met with the greatest criticism about the ethical issues involved? a. Stanley Milgram s studies on obedience b. Irving Janis studies on groupthink c. Solomon Asch s studies on conformity d. Muzafer Sherif s Robber s Cave study e. Robert Zajonc s studies on the mere exposure effect 6) Which of the following terms is used to describe the process by which important group decisions may be distorted because different viewpoints are not encouraged? a. intellectualizing b. group polarization c. just-world hypothesis d. groupthink e. social loafing 7) One way to reduce intergroup conflict is to establish a. superordinate goals b. bystander apathy c. group polarization d. counterconformity e. diffusion of responsibility 8) Individuals are most likely to obey when demands are made by a a. close friend b. physically attractive individual c. legitimate authority d. subordinate e. colleague of similar rank

6 9) Which of the following is an example of social facilitation? a. A student scores higher on tests taken with classmates than with strangers b. A child smiles more often in the presence of family members than in the presence of strangers c. An elementary school student reads more books when promised free pizza for reading a greater number d. An athlete performs better in games before a large crowd than she does in practice e. An editor s productivity increases when she is given a private office 10) According to the fundamental attribution error, which of the following is most likely to be a student s explanation for a classmate s failing exam grade? a. The classmate was too lazy to study hard. b. There were too many picky questions on the exam. c. The classmate was not feeling well. d. The classmate had missed the class too often. e. The classmate had no quiet place to study. 11) In the experiments of Solomon Asch, the tendency of group members to conform was reduced most by which of the following factors? a. the presence of a single dissenter b. frequent interaction among the group members c. the appointment of a democratic leader d. a decentralized communication network e. the threat of punishment 12) A stereotype is best defined as which of the following? a. an adjustment of one s behavior in response to peer pressure b. an action performed in response to authority c. a belief that one s own culture is superior to all others d. a generalization about a social group e. a negative action taken against someone who is a member of a social group