Honors Biology Review Sheet to Chapter 9 Test

Transcription

1 Honors Biology Review Sheet to Chapter 9 Test Name Per 1. Label the following flower: sepal, petal, anther, filament, style, ovary, stigma Draw in ovules and label. Color the female structure red and the male structures blue. 2. Put a M by Mendelian Genetics and a NM by non-mendelian genetics: codominance Multiple alleles complete dominance Law of Segregation homozygous and heterozygous incomplete dominance Law of Independent Assortment polygenic traits 3. During which process does the Law of Segregation occur? 4. Circle the alleles in each case: red white color of leaves Plant height tall short 5. If you crossed a heterozygous green plant with a homozygous yellow plant, what would be the phenotypic and genotypic ratio of the cross? Show your work with a Punnett square. G = green g = yellow

2 Honors Biology Chapter 9 Test Review p In a cross of AaBBcc x AaBbCC, what is the probability of producing a genotype of AABbCc? (Hint: Do individual Punnett squares. What is the Law that you use to solve this? ) 7. Describe how the human blood typing system shows both multiple alleles and codominance. 8. What are the possible genotypes for each blood type? A B AB O 9. Cross a male with color-blindness with a heterozygous female with normal vision. C= normal c = color blindness 10. Check which would be used in preparing a karyotype: use cells in anaphase arrange chromosomes largest to shortest stop cells with colchicine sex chromosomes are in position 23 use cells in metaphase use white blood cells 23 pairs of chromosomes a female would have an XY set 11. Circle which is an example of polyploidy: N 2N 3N 12. Fill in the antigens and antibodies of each blood type: BLOOD TYPE Antigens Antibodies A B AB AB 13. If you had a dog with a dominant black coat, how would you find out if it is BB or Bb? 14. Blood type ii is also known as blood type. 15. What possible blood types could a person with A- blood mating with a person with AB+/- blood have in their children? (Show your work with a Punnett square).

3 Honors Biology Chapter 9 Test Review p. 3 Match the terms with the correct definition: 16. Both alleles are expressed, such as in AB blood type. 17. The capital letter allele is always expressed over the recessive 18. The F1 hybrid phenotype is between the two parents 19. One gene influences multiple characters 20. Additive phenotype effect of more than 2 gene locations 21. Chromosome pair fail to separate correctly 22. There are several choices of alleles available for a trait. 23. The trait is on the X-chromosome. A. polygenic B. sex-linked gene C. codominant D. incomplete dominance E. nondisjunction F. complete dominance G. pleiotropy H. multiple alleles Match the type of mutation with its picture: p inversion 25. deletion 26. translocation 27. duplication 28. An expected ratio of the offspring of a cross was 25% for each of the following four phenotypes. That was not the case. SO calculate the recombinant frequency RF of the following cross: wild type black-vestigial black-normal gray-vestigial HINT: Total all offspring. Divide each number by that total for the percent of possible recombinant frequency. Add the two highest numbers together-those are the nonrecombinant. Add the two lowest numbers together-those are the recombinant. Match the people with their genetic contributions: 29. Father of genetics devised principle by studying pea plants. A. Reginald Punnett 30. Along with Punnett noticed some genes were linked. B. Gregor Mendel 31. Found a recombination frequency with fruit flies. C. Alfred Sturtevant 32. Devised a chart to predict the possible offspring of parents. D. Thomas Hunt Morgan 33. Used crossover data to map gene loci. E. William Bateson

4 Honors Biology Chapter 9 Review p. 4 MATCH THE GENETIC DISORDER WITH ITS DESCRIPTION: 34. failure to produce an enzyme to break down mucus in lungs A. Huntingtons 35. Trisomy 21, trident hands, skin fold at inner eye lid flat nose B. Klinefelters 36. X0, female disorder, web of skin at neck, infertile C. Duchenne MD 37. XXY, male disorder, infertile, small testes, female characteristics D. Color-blindness 38. Unable to distinguish certain colors, sex-linked trait E. Alzheimers 39. A gap where the spinal cord should close. F. Turner syndrome 40. usually a disorder among Eastern European Jews, child did young. G. Cystic fibrosis 41. lacking a blood clotting factor; disorder among European royalty H. Down Syndrome 41. The red blood cells collapse; heterozygotes resistant to malaria. I. Achondroplasia 42. Affects young boys, loss of muscle strength J. Spina bifida 43. The lip and the arch in mouth fail to properly close. K. Cleft lip/cleft palate 44. Taller than usual, heart problems, pigeon chest. L. Tay Sachs 45. Dwarfism, trident hands, homozygous dominant is lethal. M. Hemophilia 46. failure to break down phenylalanine, build up on brain N. hypercholesterolemia 47. lack pigment in skin, hair, eyes O. albinism 48. dementia, nerve cell in brain build up plaque and destroys brain P. Marfans 49. cannot break down cholesterol and it hardens arteries Q. PKU 50. uncontrollable muscle spasms, 40+ CAG s, happens in adults R. sickle-cell-anemia Interpret the following pedigree: 51. If person I-1 is Autosomal dominant disease HH and person I -2 is hh: a. fill in the genotypes of the rest of the people. b. How many children did the original parents have? c. Who is the oldest child of the original parents (number)? d. How does this pedigree show that this is a dominant disorder (HINT: how often do you see it? 52. Are all wild types the dominant ones? Give an example to validate your answer. (see p. 161) 53. How do the Blue People of Kentucky show in-breeding? (p. 163) 54. Cross an Achonroplasia parent Aa with a normal parent aa. What is the genotypic and phenotypic ratio?

5 Honors Biology Chapter 9 Review p Match the following methods for obtaining samples for genetic testing: A. Ultrasound imaging B. Amniocentesis C. CVS (chorionic villus sampling) D. karyotype needle into abdomen of mother with ultrasound to obtain amniotic fluid white blood cells photographed in metaphase sample of tissue from the placenta high-frequency sound waves produce a picture of the fetus 56. By making a Punnett square determine the possible blood types of a mother of blood type AO and a father of blood type AB. 57. What is the universal donor blood type? universal recipient? Match the sex determination methods in each of the following organisms: 58. XY A. turtles 59. X-O (females XX, males only X) B. Birds, fish, butterflies 60. ZW (males ZZ, females ZW) C. humans 61. temperature the eggs hatch D. grasshoppers and roaches EXTENDED RESPONSE: -You will be given one dominant-recessive Punnett square (four box) to determine the genotypic and phenotypic ration. 5 pts -You will be given one blood type or one genetic disorder (four box) Punnett square to determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratios. 5 points -You will be given one dihybrid (16 box) Punnett square to determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratios. 10 points