Genetics Practice Test. A. phenylketonuria B. Tay-Sachs C. hemophilia D. color blindness

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1 Name: ate: 1. Which statement best describes a cloned population?. It is usually produced by sexual reproduction.. The individual organisms usually have varying N sequences.. There are usually no variations in genotypes. 2. Select the term, chosen from the list below, that is best described by the statement shown. portion of a chromosome is lost.. mniocentesis. Karyotyping. eletion. Translocation. Individuals usually show a variety of phenotypes. 3. Patient Name of Genetic isorder haracteristics of the isorder sickle-cell anemia deterioration of the nervous system due to accumulation of fatty material Patient has the genetic disorder known as. phenylketonuria. Tay-Sachs. hemophilia. color blindness 4. Gregor Mendel developed some basic principles of heredity by 5. One reason for Mendel s success with genetic studies of garden peas was that he. crossing pea plants. cutting off the tails of mice. breeding fruit flies. culturing bacteria in a laboratory. used only hybrid pea plants. used peas with large chromosomes. studied large numbers of offspring. discovered the sources of variations in peas page 1

2 6. ll the heritable genes found in a population constitute the population s 9. Knowledge of the structure of N is important in the study of life because N. recessive alleles. chromosome mutations. homologous structures. gene pool. stores food. transmits genetic information. transmits chemical energy. stores enzymes 7. Which genetic concept was proposed by Mendel?. chromosome nondisjunction. independent assortment. multiple alleles. sex linkage 10. llelic pairs of genes are located only. on homologous pairs of chromosomes. in a N nucleotide. in organisms that are homozygous. on nonhomologous chromosomes 8. Two genes are linked if they are. located on separate sex chromosomes. members of an allelic pair. located on the same chromosome. able to segregate at random 11. In humans there are 23 pairs of chromosomes. One pair of the 23 are sex chromosomes. The other 22 pairs are known as. autosomes. homozygotes. heterozygotes. centrosomes page 2

3 12. HROMOSOME THT RRIES THE OMINNT LLELE FOR HEIGHT HROMOSOME THT RRIES THE REESSIVE LLELE FOR HEIGHT HROMOSOME THT RRIES THE OMINNT LLELE FOR SEE SHPE HROMOSOME THT RRIES THE REESSIVE LLELE FOR SEE SHPE Which statement correctly describes the location of the alleles for height and seed shape?. The dominant alleles for height and seed shape are located on the same chromosome.. The dominant and recessive alleles are located on the same member of a homologous pair of chromosomes.. The alleles for height are located on a different homologous pair of chromosomes than the alleles for seed shape.. The dominant alleles are located on one pair of homologous chromosomes and the recessive alleles are located on another pair of homologous chromosomes. 13. Which diagram represents those chromosomes that are responsible for the heterozygous genotype for height?.... page 3

4 14. Traits that are controlled by genes found on an X-chromosome are said to be 16. Which diagram represents a pair of homologous chromosomes?. autosomal dominant.. autosomal recessive. codominant. sex-linked While working with pea plants, Gregor Mendel observed that some tall plants had yellow seeds while other tall plants had green seeds. This observation is best explained by.. nondisjunction of chromosomes. linkage of genes. independent assortment. intermediate inheritance page 4

5 17. The diagram shown represents a pair of homologous autosomes. The letters and b represents genes for a certain trait. These letters also represent 19. If an adenine nucleotide is deleted from a nucleotide sequence in a N molecule, the result is a. clone. mutation. polypeptide. hybrid. an allelic pair of genes. linked genes. genes for sex determination. homozygous genes 20. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. In cats, gene E produces yellow fur and gene produces black fur. cat that inherits both of these genes has patches of yellow and black fur and is known as a calico. The alleles for black or yellow are located on the X-chromosome. The cross X Y X X E is illustrated in the square below. 18. mother with type blood and a father with type blood have four children, each with a different blood type. The best explanation for the occurrence of the four different blood types of the children is that blood type is Yellow male offspring are represented by only determined by dominant alleles. determined by multiple alleles. influenced by environmental conditions. a sex-linked trait 21. In humans, the gene for polydactyly (having extra fingers or toes) is dominant over the gene for the normal number of digits. If parents who are both homozygous dominant for polydactyly have four children, how many of these children would most likely have extra fingers or toes? page 5

6 22. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the pedigree chart below, which shows a history of ear lobe shape, and on your knowledge of biology. 25. human hereditary disorder that may result in mental retardation is. phenylketonuria. hemophilia. sickle-cell anemia. albinism The genotype of individual 1 could be. EE, only. Ee, only. ee. EE or Ee 26. In which hereditary disease do the abnormal hemoglobin molecules differ from normal hemoglobin molecules by only a single amino acid?. hemophilia. albinism. phenylketonuria. sickle-cell anemia 23. The genotype of individual 2 could be. EE, only. Ee, only. ee. EE or Ee 27. The charts show human chromosomes arranged in pairs. 24. Which combination of techniques can be used before birth to detect chromosomal abnormalities?. ultracentrifugation and chromatography. screening and vaccination. blood typing and vaccination. amniocentesis and karyotyping The chromosome numbered 1 through 22 are known as. ribosomes. lysosomes. centrosomes. autosomes page 6

7 28. The preparation of these charts for individuals and is known as 30. change in the sequence of nitrogenous bases in N may result in. microsurgery. karyotyping. blood typing. chemical screening. a gene mutation. sex linkage. polyploidy. nondisjunction 29. Which genetic disorder in individual is indicated by the number of chromosomes labeled 21?. phenylketonuria (PKU). Tay-Sachs. sickle-cell anemia. own s syndrome 31. Techniques for etecting Genetic isorders (1) Karyotyping (3) lood nalysis (2) Urinalysis (4) mniocentesis Which two techniques would most likely be involved in the prenatal detection of own s syndrome?. 1 and 2. 2 and 3. 1 and 4. 1 and 3 page 7

8 32. From which area would fluid be removed to detect genetic disorders by amniocentesis? 34. Persons suffering from sickle-cell anemia have abnormally shaped red blood cells. This condition is most likely caused by. a diet with insufficient iron. the lack of an enzyme necessary for proper protein metabolism. the lack of sufficient calcium in bones that produce red blood cells. hemoglobin molecules that do not contain the normal sequence of amino acids Tay-Sachs is a genetic disorder characterized by a deterioration of the. circulatory system. nervous system. excretory system. endocrine system 33. Select the technique, chosen from the list below, that is best described by the statement shown. This technique is used to withdraw some of the fluid and cells surrounding a fetus.. mniocentesis. loning. Genetic engineering. Karyotyping 36. n analysis of chromosomes may show the loss of a portion of a chromosome. This type of chromosomal change is known as. nondisjunction. an addition. translocation. a deletion page 8

9 37. The individual from whom these chromosomes were taken is a 39. Examination of the diagram indicates that these are the chromosomes of a. female with own syndrome. male. female. hermaphrodite. polyploid. male with own syndrome. female without own syndrome. male without own syndrome 38. The chart represents the inheritance of Tay-Sachs disease in a family. nswer the following question(s) based on the chart shown and on your knowledge of biology. What are the genotypes of individuals and with regard to Tay-Sachs disease?. One must be homozygous dominant and the other must be homozygous recessive.. One must be homozygous dominant and the other must be heterozygous. 40. trait appears in six out of seven boys in a particular family, but in one of the girls. Which pattern of heredity is suggested by this information?. incomplete dominance. multiple alleles. independent assortment. sex linkage. oth must be homozygous.. oth must be heterozygous. page 9

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