UNIT VII. Inflorescences. Types of inflorescenes
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1 UNIT VII Inflorescences Types of inflorescenes
2 Some species of plants produce solitary flowers. Solitary flowers are are borne singly and separate from one another. Solitary Flowers Saucer Magnolia solitary flowers
3 Solitary Flowers Another example of a plant that bears solitary flowers is Bloodred Geranium. Many solitary flowers on Bloodred Geranium (Geranium sanguineum)
4 What is an inflorescence? In other species of plants many, small flowers are borne together in dense clusters called inflorescences. There are many types of inflorescences. Each type of inflorescence is determined by how the flowers are arranged. Inflorescences are a useful plant ID tool.
5 Common Inflorescences Spike Raceme Panicle Umbel Corymb Cyme Composite Head
6 Spike Individual flowers are sessile (without pedicels). Lower flowers open first. Indeterminate. spike
7 Spike Gladiolus Lavadandy flower spike (image courtesy of Columbia View Gladiolus) Gladiolus
8 Raceme Individual flowers have pedicels. Pedicels can vary in length from species to species. Lower flowers open first. Indeterminate. pedicel raceme peduncle
9 Raceme Itea virginica, Virginia Sweetspire produces dense, pubescent racemes. The flowers have short pedicels and the inflorescence resembles a spike. Virginia Sweetspire
10 Raceme Dicentra spectabilis, Bleeding Heart, produces a one sided raceme of pink, heartshaped flowers. Bleeding Heart
11 Panicle A highly branched inflorescence consisting of many, repeating units. Panicles can be made of many spikes, racemes, corymbs, or umbels. Indeterminate. A panicle of racemes
12 Panicle Syringa vulgaris, Common Lilac, produces panicles. Common Lilac
13 Panicle Aesculus glabra, Ohio Buckeye, produces 4 7 long panicles. This tree is located near the Kirkwood library. Ohio Buckeye
14 Umbel peduncle pedicel Individual flower pedicels all originate from the same spot on the peduncle. Outer flowers open first. Indeterminate.
15 Umbel Allium Jade Eyes, image courtesy of Breck s. Often, umbels are globe shaped like this one. Allium
16 Corymb Somewhat similar to the umbel. Individual flower pedicels are attached to the peduncle at different points. Often flat topped. Outer flowers open first. Indeterminate. pedicel peduncle corymb
17 Corymb Pyrus calleryana, Callery Pear, is a beautiful, springflowering tree covered with corymbs of white flowers. Callery Pear
18 Cyme In real life, cymes tend to be flat or convex shaped. The inner flowers open first. Determinate. cyme
19 Cyme Cymes are often compound as shown in the illustration to the right. compound cyme
20 Cyme Viburnum x juddi, Judd Viburnum, produces cymes of light pink flowers in late April. The flowers have a pleasing, spicy fragrance Judd Viburnum
21 Cyme Viburnum dentatum, Arrowwood Viburnum, produces cymes of white flowers that are not fragrant. Arrowwood Viburnum
22 Corymbs vs. Cymes Often these two types of inflorescences can look a lot alike. Remember that corymbs are indeterminate, they continue to elongate as the season progresses. Cymes are determinate and do not continue to elongate as the growing season progresses. Also, the inner flowers of cymes open first.
23 Composite Head A highly advanced inflorescence. Consists of separate ray and disk flowers Bracts may be green, but can also be colored(strawflower). ray flower bract disk flower
24 Composite Head Helianthus annus, Sunflower, produces a large composite head. After pollination and fertilization, each disk flower becomes a single seeded fruit. Sunflower
25 Composite Head Echinaceae purpurea, Purple Coneflower (image courtesy of Wildflower Farm). Composite head with purple ray flowers and brown disk flowers. Purple Coneflower
26 Review Time!
27 Umbel What s this?
28 Raceme What s this?
29 Corymb What s this?
30 Composite Head What s this?
31 Panicle What s this?
32 Spike What s this?
33 Cyme What s this?
34 The End
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